Abstract: The present disclosure provides systems and methods for imaging-guided monitoring and modeling of retinal vascular occlusive conditions. An example integrated optical coherence tomography (OCT) and scanning laser ophthalmoscope (SLO) apparatus includes an OCT subsystem to acquire baseline OCT and OCT angiography (OCTA) volumes of a subject without dye before occlusion and subsequent OCT and OCTA volumes of the subject with dye after occlusion. The example apparatus includes an SLO subsystem including a laser controlled to adjust a laser to form a vascular occlusion at a location on a target vessel of the subject. The example apparatus includes a processor to process the OCT and OCTA volumes and feedback from the OCT subsystem and the SLO subsystem to determine a change in three-dimensional vasculature from before the vascular occlusion to after the vascular occlusion.

Abstract: A Bowman's Refractive Index (BRI) for quantification of microdistortions in Bowman's Layer (BL) after Small Incision Lenticule Extraction (SMILE) is defined for a patient. BRI is summation of one or more areas of the OCT image of anterior edge of Bowman's layer, quantifies the smoothness of the Bowman's layer. The anterior edge of Bowman's layer is segmented into pixels. After segmentation, a 3rd order polynomial is curve fit to the segmented pixels of the edge of Bowman's layer. BRI is calculated by segmentation of the 3-Dimensional (3-D) OCT image. BRI acts as a marker for mechanical stability and is useful for diagnosis of disease and prognosis of treatments in human.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes an acquisition unit configured to acquire a tomographic image containing an aqueous humor outflow pathway region that includes at least one of a Schlemm's canal and a collector channel in an anterior ocular segment of a subject's eye, and a generation unit configured to generate an image with the aqueous humor outflow pathway region emphasized or extracted therein based on a luminance value in the tomographic image.

Abstract: An ophthalmological imaging device according to embodiments comprises an objective lens, an interference optical system, an optical scanner, a controller, and an image forming part. The interference optical system divides light from a light source into measurement light and reference light, causes the measurement light to become incident on a subject's eye via the objective lens, and detects interference light between the reference light and return light of the measurement light that has exited from the subject's eye and passed through the objective lens. The optical scanner deflects the measurement light. The controller controls the optical scanner such that a position away from an optical axis of the objective lens is set as a center to deflect the measurement light. The image forming part forms an image of the subject's eye based on a detection result of the interference light by the interference optical system.

Abstract: There is provided a system, apparatus and methods for enhancing the illumination of structures of the eye using predetermined scan patterns of an illuminating light beam. The systems, apparatus and methods further provide for obtaining enhanced single images of multiple structures of the eye.

Abstract: This disclosure describes a means for individuals in random locations, whether or not in motion, to communicate with a wearable wellness monitor or any other device without the need to carry electronic communication equipment, by using a wireless network consisting of short-range nodes distributed throughout a home, clinic or other premises. These nodes provide two-way communication with the individuals using verbal announcements, light signals, audible alarms, voice and word recognition, and hand gestures.

Abstract: The current invention is wireless EKG sensors and pads. The pads are sweat proof and hypoallergenic, adhere to patients for up to a week, and are labeled to direct the user where to place each pad. The EKG sensors wirelessly transmit the test data. This eliminates test disruptions from motion-related static, while allowing 24/7 EKG monitoring and opening a new realm of heart arrhythmia testing. Further, by being wireless and sweat proof, EKG monitoring can be more easily conducted during strenuous activity.

Abstract: A system and method for applying a uniform dynamic gain over cardiac data with the aid of a digital computer is provided. A time series of a plurality of voltage values that comprises a digital representation of a raw electrocardiography (“ECG”) signal recorded by an ambulatory monitor recorder is obtained by an least one computer processor, the time series including segments of noise and segments of non-noise. The segments of non-noise are analyzed by the at least one computer processor and a single gain factor for all of the values in the analyzed non-noise segments is determined by the at least one computer processor based on the analysis. The single gain factor to all of the values in the non-noise segments is applied by the at least one computer processor.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and computer-readable media are disclosed for performing image processing in connection with phenotypic analysis. For example, at least one processor may be configured to receive electronic numerical information corresponding to pixels reflective of at least one external soft tissue image of an individual and access geographically dispersed genetic information stored in a database. The geographically dispersed genetic information may include numerical data that correlates anomalies in pixels in soft tissue images of a plurality of geographically dispersed individuals to specific genes or to specific genetic variants.

Abstract: The invention relates generally to various systems, tools and methods for acquiring diagnostic information, including medical information, for a user, transmitting the information to a remote location, assessing the information, and transmitting resulting diagnosis and treatment information to the user and/or a third party for subsequent action. The present invention provides consumer and user-friendly telemedicine systems and procedures which enable health services and/or diagnosis to be provided at a distance remotely.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring a physiological parameter over a plurality of measurement periods is presented. The apparatus includes a circuit coupled to a light emitter and to a light receiver. The circuit is adapted to drive the light emitter with a constant first charge over the plurality of measurement periods. Also presented is a wearable device provided with an apparatus for monitoring a physiological parameter over a plurality of measurement periods. Also presented is a method for monitoring a physiological parameter over a plurality of measurement periods, the steps include providing a light emitter and a light receiver and driving the light emitter with a constant first charge over the plurality of measurement periods.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to reflective optical medical sensor devices. In an embodiment, a reflective optical medical sensor device including a central optical detector and a plurality of light emitter units disposed around the central optical detector is provided. A plurality of peripheral optical detectors can be disposed to the outside of the plurality of light emitter units. Each of the plurality of peripheral optical detectors can form a channel pair with one of the plurality of light emitter units. The reflective optical medical sensor device can also include a controller in electrical communication with the central optical detector, the light emitter units, and the peripheral optical detectors. The controller can be configured to measure performance of channel pairs; select a particular channel pair; and measure a physiological parameter using the selected channel pair. Other embodiments are also included herein.

Abstract: A method for evaluating operational performance of a biological system and apparatus for fetching data required therefor are disclosed. The apparatus includes an emitting unit, an electric potential measuring unit, an analog-to-digital converting unit, and an operating unit. The present invention utilizes excitation of external signal light beams to fetch changed data of electric potential from the skin surface, further to observe the status of the organs inside the living creature's body. In comparison with traditional technologies, such as X-ray and nuclear magnetic resonance, the present invention has advantages of short observation time, low operating cost, and harmless to the living creature.

Abstract: An optical coherence tomography system and method. The system comprises a detector for detecting an optical coherence tomography signals from a sample; a processing unit for converting the detected signals to raw data; a compensation unit for performing compensation to generate compensated data; and a display for displaying at least the compensated data.

Abstract: Provided are an optical tomography digital-impression imaging system and a method for use thereof, said system including: an optical coherence tomography scanner, used for obtaining tomographic slice thicknesses of a plurality of tissue areas of each optical tomography digital image; an information analysis and processing component electrically connected to the optical coherence tomography scanner. The information analysis and processing component has a refractive index compensation and optical path correction functions; by way of analysis and processing, tomographic slice thickness correction values corresponding to the tissue areas are obtained, thus establishing a digital model of the tissue areas.

Abstract: An OCT apparatus and method for characterization of a fluid adjacent to a tympanic membrane has a low coherence source which is coupled to a splitter which has a measurement path and a reference path. The reference path is temporally modulated for length, and the combined signals from the reference path and the measurement path are applied to a detector. The detector examines the width of the response and the time variation when an optional excitation source is applied to the tympanic membrane, the width of the response and the time variation forming a metric indicating the viscosity of a fluid adjacent to the tympanic membrane being measured.

Abstract: A system and method for obtaining the intravascular plasma volume, red blood cell volume, oxygen saturation SpO2 and Hgb hemoglobin concentration from a sample of in vivo tissue. A sample is irradiated with pulses of single incident wavelength light on a sample of tissue. The prompt emission (PE) and the delayed (DE) light emitted from the tissue are measured simultaneously. A relative volume of light emitted from two phases contained within the tissue is then determined, wherein the two phases comprise a first Rayleigh and Mie scattering and fluorescent phase associated with red blood cells, and a second, non-scattering phase associated with plasma. The plasma volume, Hct, Hgb and SpO2 is calculated from the relative volume of light emitted by the first phase and the relative volume of light emitted from the second phase differentiated by state of oxygenation.

Abstract: A first system for determining the relative health of a chick having a first moving platform to support a chick, a first image capture device, a first database having a library of digital images relating to healthy and unhealthy chicks and a computer processor in communication with the image capture device and database. A second system for determining the gender of a chick includes a second moving platform, a second image capture device, stimuli directed at the chick to cause the chick to open its wings. The second system also includes a second database having wing patterns of male and female chicks of the breed of the chick on the second moving platform and a second computer processor in communication with the second image capture device and the second database.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to increase freedom of selection of light sources in a photoacoustic apparatus. A photoacoustic apparatus includes: a light source which irradiates an object with beams of light of a plurality of wavelengths either simultaneously or at different time points; acoustic wave detecting means for receiving an acoustic wave generated at the object due to the irradiated beams of light, and converting the acoustic wave into an electrical signal; and signal processing means for acquiring characteristics information of the object based on at least the electrical signal.

Abstract: A method of controlling a gas delivery apparatus including an apparatus controllable variable using an iterative algorithm to deliver a test gas (TG) for non-invasively determining a subject's pulmonary blood flow comprising iteratively generating and evaluating test values of a iterated variable based on an iterative algorithm in order output a test value of the iterated variable that meets a test criterion wherein iterative algorithm is characterized in that it defines a test mathematical relationship between the at least one apparatus controllable variable, the iterated variable and an end tidal concentration of test gas attained by setting the apparatus controllable variable, such that the iterative algorithm is determinative of whether iteration on the test value satisfies a test criterion or iteratively generates a progressively refined test value.

Abstract: A system for detecting strokes includes a sensor device configured to obtain physiological data from a patient, for example brain activity data. A computing device communicatively coupled to the sensor device is configured to receive the physiological data and compare it with reference data. The reference data can be patient data from an opposite brain hemisphere to the hemisphere being interrogated or the reference data can be non-patient data from stroke and normal patient populations. Based on comparison of the physiological data and the reference data, the system indicates whether the patient has suffered a stroke.

Abstract: A portable biometric monitor includes a wearable member having a plurality of sensors incorporated therein. Each sensor of the plurality of sensors is adapted to monitor a corresponding biometric indicator. A communications hub is in selective wireless communication with the plurality of sensors. One of the wearable member and the communications hub includes a set of biometric parameters, wherein each biometric parameter of the set of biometric parameters includes a corresponding preferred range. When at least one of the sensors indicates that the corresponding biometric indicator is outside of the corresponding preferred range, the communications hub provides a status indicia corresponding to a proposed recommendation.

Abstract: A method for utilizing radar from wireless earpieces includes activating one or more radar sensors of the wireless earpieces, performing radar measurements of a user using the one or more radar sensors of the wireless earpieces, and analyzing the radar measurements to determine pulsatile measurements associated with the user, the analyzing performed using a processor of the wireless earpieces.

Abstract: A measurement sensor package and a measurement sensor reduce susceptibility to noise and enable highly accurate measurement. A measurement sensor package includes a substrate. The substrate includes a first recess including a first bottom surface on which a light emitter is mountable, and a first step surface having a first connection pad thereon, a second recess including a second bottom surface on which a light receiver is mountable, and a second step surface having a second connection pad thereon. In a direction connecting a center of the first bottom surface and a center of the second bottom surface in a plan view, the first step surface is located outward from the first bottom surface and the second step surface is located outward from the second bottom surface.

Abstract: A blood pressure information calculating device includes an input unit to which a waveform based on a pulse wave of the subject and reference blood pressure information serving as a reference for calculating the blood pressure information on the basis of the waveform based on the pulse wave are input, a conversion unit that calculates a phase spectrum of a waveform based on the pulse wave by performing Fourier transformation on the waveform based on the pulse wave, a calculation unit that calculates a correction value using at least one of a phase of a main wave corresponding to a pulse of the subject and a phase of a second harmonic wave of the main wave on the basis of the phase spectrum, and a calculation unit that calculates an average blood pressure by correcting the reference blood pressure information using the correction value.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring blood pressure, and a method for measuring blood pressure by using the same are disclosed. The disclosed method for measuring blood pressure comprises the steps of: calculating pulse wave transit time; measuring vascular compliance; and measuring systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure by using the pulse wave transit time and the vascular compliance, wherein the vascular compliance can be measured respectively in at least two or more different hand shape poses.

Abstract: Method, apparatus and system for estimating heart rate with a wearable device. The method includes receiving movement data and heart rate data, the movement data indicative of physical exertion of an individual associated with the wearable device, and the heart rate data measured for the individual during the same period; determining an estimated human power output based on the movement data indicative of physical exertion of the individual; determining a heart rate demand value for improving a heart rate estimate based on the estimated human power output and at least one adaptive parameter, wherein the heart rate estimate corresponds to the heart rate data, and the at least one adaptive parameter is adjustable based on the heart rate demand value and the heart rate estimate; and determining an improved heart rate estimate for the individual based on the heart rate demand value and the heart rate estimate.

Abstract: Disclosed is finger cuff that is connectable to a patient's finger to aid in measuring the patient's blood pressure. The finger cuff may comprise: a shell, a bladder, and a clamping mechanism. The shell may have a finger cavity. The finger cavity of the shell may be placed under a patient's finger to receive the patient's finger. Further, the finger cavity may include a light emitting diode (LED)-photodiode (PD) pair. The bladder may include a pair of openings and the bladder may be mountable within the finger cavity such that the pair of openings surround the LED-PD pair, respectively. The clamping mechanism may be used to suitably clamp the patient's finger received in the finger cavity of the shell against the bladder mounted within the finger cavity of the shell.

Abstract: Disclosed is a recognition and treatment system for cardiac resuscitation, which comprises: means for analysing the cardiac rhythm in an unconscious individual by means of electrodes and a processing chip; means for indicating whether a cardiac massage is necessary; and means for measuring blood pressure using plethysmography, which can be housed in a first bracelet (1). The system also comprises means for guiding cardiac resuscitation which are housed in a second bracelet that comprises: a system of one or more accelerometers and a gyroscope, the two bracelets being autonomous and independent, and provided with: a memory; energy supply means for autonomous operation; a screen, a chronometer, and visual and audio alert means; and wireless communication means. The system can further comprise external ECG earphones that can be connected with the first bracelet.

Abstract: An apparatus for sensing a heart rate of a subject, including an eyewear frame and a heart rate sensing circuit.

Abstract: The disclosed apparatus, systems and methods relate to predicting, screening, and monitoring for delirium. Systems and methods may include receiving one or more signals from one or more sensing devices; processing the one or more signals to extract one or more features from the one or more signals; analyzing the one or more features to determine one or more values for each of the one or more features; comparing at least one of the one or more values or a measure based on at least one of the one or more values to a threshold; determining a presence, absence, or likelihood of the subsequent development of delirium for a patient based on the comparison; and outputting an indication of the presence, absence, or likelihood of the subsequent development of delirium for the patient.

Abstract: A wireless earpiece includes a wireless earpiece housing, a processor, and a transceiver configured to produce electromagnetic pulses capable of reaching a brain of a user. A method of stimulating the brain of the user using the wireless earpiece includes receiving a request at the wireless earpiece and generating an electromagnetic pulse in response to the request.

Abstract: An electrode for acquiring electroencephalogram signals of a user includes a base and a plurality of legs extending from the base at first extremity. The legs include a second extremity covered with an electrically conductive material. The second extremity includes a smaller cross-section than the first extremity of the legs so the legs can penetrate through hair of the user. The legs elastically flex such that, when the electrode is applied on a user's head, the electrically conductive material of the second extremity contacts a scalp of the user, wherein the base is of cuboid shape having two side faces, the legs being directly attached to the side faces of the base, the legs being symmetrically attached to the base with respect to a longitudinal axis and the legs attached to a side face of the base facing the legs attached to the other side face of the base.

Abstract: A method of analysing changes in the electrical activity of a patient's heart between a reference state and a test state, the method using a reference data set of electrophysiological data captured from the patient in the reference state and at least one test data set of electrophysiological data captured from the patient in the test state, each data set defining a plurality of electrograms for a respective plurality of spatial locations relative to the heart, the method comprising processing the electrophysiological data by, matching each electrogram in the reference data set to a corresponding electrogram in the at least one test data set to create a pair of electrograms for each of the plurality of spatial locations, and deriving a time delay for each spatial location by calculating the time delay between the electrograms of the pair of matched electrograms for that spatial location.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system and method for MRI with respect to vessels and bleedings. The method may include exciting a region of interest by applying an RF pulse, wherein the region of interest includes a vessel region and a bleeding region. The method may further include acquiring a plurality of echo signals related to the region of interest. The method may further include generating one or more magnitude images based on the plurality of echo signals, generating a first image with respect to the vessel region based on the one or more magnitude images, generating one or more phase images based on the plurality of echo signals, and generating a second image with respect to a distribution of susceptibility of the bleeding region based on the one or more phase images.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject disclosure may include, for example, obtaining first magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data of a subject, wherein the first MRI data is obtained during a first scan of a subject, wherein the first scan has a first diffusion sampling time, and wherein the first diffusion sampling time is selected in order to facilitate use of the first MRI data to determine a first Intravoxel Incoherent Motion (IVIM) effective diffusion coefficient in a Stationary Random Flow (SRF) regime; obtaining second MRI data of the subject, wherein the second MRI data is obtained during a second scan of the subject, wherein the second scan has a second diffusion sampling time, wherein the second diffusion sampling time is longer than the first diffusion sampling time, and wherein the second diffusion sampling time is selected in order to facilitate use of the second MRI data to determine a second IVIM effective diffusion coefficient in a pseudodiffusion regime; determining a blood velocity value based upon the firs

Abstract: Various examples are directed to a measurement system for measuring an electrical property of skin comprising an excitation circuit, a receiver circuit, and a sequencer circuit. The excitation circuit may generate a periodic excitation signal that, when provided to the skin, generates a response signal in the skin indicative of the electrical property. The sequencer circuit may be configured to activate the excitation circuit to provide the excitation signal to the skin. While the excitation circuit is activated to provide the excitation signal to the skin, the sequencer circuit may activate the receiver circuit to execute a first sample cycle to generate a first plurality of samples of the response signal. A first value for the electrical property of the skin may be determined based at least in part on the first plurality of samples of the response signal.

Abstract: A sensor is provided for sensing layer removal from a surface. A head has an abrasive portion for contacting the surface and a conducting portion inside the head. This device has a sensor design which provides self-generation of a sensor signal with no power supply to the device head. This simplifies the design of the sensor head, and means it can have a design which is easy to clean with no parts which are easily damaged. In one set of examples, the device is a skin treatment device.

Abstract: An apparatus for positioning an orthopedic implant, the apparatus includes a flexible substrate, at least first and second field-generating coils, and circuitry. The flexible substrate is formed into a three-dimensional (3D) shape and is coupled to a predefined location on the orthopedic implant. The at least first and second field-generating coils are formed in the flexible substrate, such that in the 3D shape the first and second field-generating coils have first and second respective axes that are not parallel to one another. The circuitry is mounted on the flexible substrate and electrically connected to the at least first and second field-generating coils, and is configured to drive the at least first and second field-generating coils with respective signals.

Abstract: A device for treating a vascular aneurysm of a human or mammal patient, comprising an implantable member adapted to hold fluid, the implantable member being adapted to be placed against an outside of a blood vessel having the aneurysm, exercise a pressure on the aneurysm to prevent or reduce an expansion of the aneurysm, follow an outer contour of the aneurysm, and provide a pressure that is equal or less than the diastolic blood pressure of the human or mammal patient.

Abstract: A portable hand-held spirometer is disclosed for use in taking respiratory tests and storing and displaying test results. The configuration of the spirometer includes handgrips that are positioned to ensure that the user is properly positioned to provide maximum breathing required for valid test results to be obtained. The spirometer also includes a progressively illuminated indicator that can be viewed by the user during a test to provide an indication in real-time to the user of the expected/desired duration of the exhalation or inhalation test. The indicator is completely illuminated only when the measured accumulated volume of air passing through the spirometer equals a predicted volume determined based on the age, gender, height, weight and ethnicity of the user stored in the spirometer. The structures and arrangement of a turbine assembly and sensors is also disclosed. Further, a method of receiving, storing and displaying information on the spirometer via a color touch screen display is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method includes receiving data representing graphomotor motion during a succession of executions of graphomotor diagnostic tasks performed in a medical context by a subject, processing the received data using a computer, including determining a first set of quantitative features from a first execution of a task by the subject, and determining a second set of quantitative features from a second execution of a task by the subject, determining one or more metrics based on a comparison to the successive executions, including using at least the first set of quantitative features and the second set of quantitative features to determine said metrics, and providing a diagnostic report associated with neurocognitive mechanisms underlying the subject's execution of the tasks based on the determined metrics.

Abstract: A sensor interface circuit enables signal reconstruction on data received from a sensor prior to sending the data to various sensor clients. Multiple sensor clients have different frequencies configured to receive sensor data. The sensor interface circuit performs signal reconstructions including data interpolation to generate interpolated data signal having frequencies corresponding to the different frequencies configured for the different sensor clients. Signal reconstruction can also include filtering the data. The sensor interface circuit sends the reconstructed data to the multiple clients in accordance with their different frequencies.

Abstract: A biological signal collection method, apparatus, and system (800) and an electronic device (100) are provided. The biological signal collection method includes: obtaining output data of at least one motion sensor (S210); controlling collection duration of at least one biological signal of a user according to at least the output data of the at least one motion sensor (S220); and collecting the at least one biological signal of the user in the collection duration of the at least one biological signal (S230). According to the biological signal collection method, apparatus, and system (800) and the electronic device (100), biological signal collection duration can be properly controlled, and biological signal measurement precision can be improved.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a system and method for monitoring personal activity and providing feedback on personal well-being. The system comprises a computing apparatus which is able to receive input activity data relating to an experience of a user. This user activity data may relate to any activity, work-related, exercise related or any other. The system is also able to obtain contextual data and associate it with the user input activity data. The contextual data may comprise any physical data associated with the user or the environment. For example, it could comprise time, location, heart rate, physical activity of the user and other contextual information.

Abstract: The application discloses a method, an apparatus and a system for measuring finger moisture. The method includes: obtaining a fingerprint image; obtain a signal intensity and an image background intensity according to the fingerprint image; and determining finger moisture according to the fingerprint signal intensity and the image background intensity. In the method, apparatus and system for measuring finger moisture provided by the present invention, the fingerprint image is obtained and the fingerprint signal intensity and the image background intensity are obtained based on the fingerprint image, and the finger moisture is determined by analyzing the fingerprint signal intensity and the image background intensity, thereby effectively overcoming the defects in prior art in comparing and analyzing of images, including being prone to be disturbed by undulation of the image background, noise, etc., and low accuracy, thus ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement of the finger moisture.

Abstract: Devices, systems, methods and kits for releasably mounting a medical device on the body or skin of a user are provided. Embodiments include a holder or mounting unit or structure that retains a medical device in a fixed position on a body part of a user or host, such as on the surface of the skin, and/or provides physical and/or electrical coupling to one or more additional components which may be operatively positioned above and/or below the surface of the skin.

Abstract: Described herein are methods and apparatus monitoring a patient. In one example, a sensor that is configured to detect physiological changes in a patient is driven at a first current level and a subsequent sensor voltage is measured. Thereafter the current is varied to a second current level, and a next sensor voltage is measured. A next sensor voltage is projected based on the sensor voltage and the subsequent sensor voltage, and a third current level is identified that could produce the next sensor voltage. The third current level is compared to a threshold, and an alarm is produced in response thereto. The apparatus further includes elements in the sensor that facilitate the method.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a hypoglycemia prediction algorithm (HPA) specifically designed for the unique postprandial glycemic patterns characteristic of PBH. This algorithm can predict impending hypoglycemia by performing a series of steps. The steps can include collecting data from at least one sensor. The data can comprise a concentration of glucose in the bloodstream of a subject. The data can be processed using the HPA and impending glucose concentrations can be calculated. The method can then provide for determining whether the predicted glucose concentrations are lower than a hypoglycemic threshold parameter. In response to determining that the predicted glucose concentrations are lower than the hypoglycemic threshold parameter, the method can provide for enacting an impending hypoglycemia protocol.

Abstract: A sensor that may be used to detect the presence, amount, and/or concentration of an analyte in a medium within an animal. The sensor may include a sensor housing, an indicator element embedded within and/or covering at least a portion of the sensor housing, and a membrane over the indicator element. The sensor may include one or more of a first coating on an inner surface of the membrane, a second coating on an outer surface of the membrane, and a layer on the outside of the indicator element. One or more of the first coating, second coating, and layer may reduce deterioration of the indicator element by catalyzing degradation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The one or more coatings on the membrane may increase the light blocking capability of the membrane, which may improve the accuracy of the sensor.