Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method to measure an intensity distribution of X-ray using an X-ray detector, the method comprising: determining values of dark current at at least three locations on the X-ray detector, wherein the three locations are not on a straight line; determining a spatial variation of absorptance of the X-ray using the values of the dark current; measuring an apparent intensity distribution of the X-ray; determining the intensity distribution by removing a contribution of the spatial variation the absorptance from the apparent intensity distribution.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an apparatus for imaging an object. It is described to receive (110) by at least a portion of first pixels of a first area (A, A1, A2, A3, A4, A5, A6, A7, A8) of an X-ray detector (20) first radiation emitted by at least one X-ray source (30). The X-ray detector is configured such that X-ray radiation received by a pixel leads to the generation of signal in that pixel. A plurality of first signals representative of corresponding signals on the plurality of first pixels are stored (120) in at least one first plurality of storage nodes associated with the first area. Second radiation emitted by the at least one X-ray source (30) is received (150) by at least a portion of second pixels of a second area (B, B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, B8; C) of the X-ray detector. A plurality of second signals representative of corresponding signals on the plurality of second pixels are stored (190) in at least one second plurality of storage nodes associated with the second area.

Abstract: A method including: obtaining geophysical data for a subsurface region; generating, with a computer, at least two subsurface property models of the subsurface region for at least two subsurface properties by performing an inversion that minimizes a misfit between the geophysical data and forward simulated data subject to one or more constraints, the inversion including generating updates to the at least two subsurface property models for at least two different scenarios that both fit the geophysical data with a same likelihood but have different values for model materiality, with the model materiality being posed as an equality constraint in the inversion, wherein the model materiality is a functional of model parameters that characterize hydrocarbon potential of the subsurface region; analyzing a geophysical data misfit curve or geophysical data misfit likelihood curve, over a predetermined range of values of the model materiality to identify the at least two subsurface property models that correspond to a h

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a method and an apparatus for determining the permeability of the reservoir. The method comprises: acquiring logging data corresponding to the two zones at least; determining the permeability of a specified zone in the two zones at least based on logging data corresponding to the specified zone, wherein the specified zone represents any one of the two zones at least; setting weight values corresponding to the at least two zones respectively; and determining the permeability of the reservoir based on the weight values and the permeability respectively corresponding to the two zones at least. The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure can improve the accuracy of the determined permeability of the reservoir.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes methods and systems, including computer-implemented methods, computer program products, and computer systems, for image-guided velocity interpolation using a mask cube. One computer-implemented method includes generating a 3D array of velocities, generating a mask for the 3D array of velocities, each value in the 3D array of velocities associated with a corresponding value in the mask, calculating a 3D array of diffused velocities by applying structure oriented smoothing to the 3D array of velocities, calculating a diffused mask by applying the structure oriented smoothing to the mask, and calculating interpolated velocity values based on the 3D array of diffused velocities and the diffused mask.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed relating to geophysical surveying. In various embodiments, a marine survey vessel may tow a plurality of streamers that each include a plurality of seismic sensors. Further, the survey vessel may tow a plurality of vibratory sources. In various embodiments, a first sweep may be performed, using one or more of the plurality of vibratory sources, for a first time interval. Further, in various embodiments, disclosed techniques may include recording, during the first time interval using the plurality of seismic sensors, seismic data on a tangible, computer-readable medium, thereby creating a geophysical data product.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed relating to geophysical surveying. In various embodiments, a computer system may access seismic data for a geological formation, where the seismic data is recorded, using one or more sensors, during a seismic survey in which a first vibratory source was driven using a first digital code for at least a first time interval. The first digital code, in some embodiments, may include a first plurality of subsections corresponding to portions of the first time interval. In some embodiments, the computer system may image a first location of the geological formation using a correlation of only a first sub-section of the first plurality of sub-sections with the seismic data. Further, in some embodiments, the computer system may image a second location of the geological formation using a correlation of two or more of the first plurality of sub-sections with the seismic data.

Abstract: A device is described for downhole seismic sensing utilizing electro acoustic technology in conjunction with moveable downhole seismic sources.

Abstract: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) tools, logging systems, and methods for measuring NMR properties of earth formations in a region of interest are provided. The NMR tool includes an antenna assembly, a magnet assembly, a compensating assembly, and a motion sensor. The antenna assembly is operable to generate a radio-frequency magnetic field and the magnet assembly is operable to generate a static magnetic field. The motion sensor is operable to generate readings for lateral motion of the antenna and magnet assemblies. The compensating assembly contains at least one electromagnet and is operable to reduce variation of the static magnetic field in the region of interest due to the lateral motion during NMR measurements based on the readings for the lateral motion.

Abstract: A system and method to determine a characteristic of a wellbore based on count rates of scattered photons. The system and method can include determining at least one characteristic of a material surrounding a wellbore by, emitting photons from a photon source at a location in the wellbore, detecting, via one or more detectors, photons scattered by the material, counting the scattered photons based on an energy level, producing count rates of the detected photons for various energy ranges, and calculating a value of the characteristic based on the count rates. The material can be at least one of mud, mud cake, and earth formation.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods are for monitoring conditions in a fluid reservoir while sealing a passage between the fluid reservoir and an adjacent environment. A first assembly has a primary barrier in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir and adapted to block the passage between the fluid reservoir and the adjacent environment. A second assembly has a secondary barrier in fluid contact with the adjacent environment and adapted to block the passage between the fluid reservoir and the adjacent environment. A first inductive communication means is placed in the first assembly and a second inductive communication means is placed on an opposite side of the secondary barrier. The respective communication means are arranged to communicate with each other. A monitoring means is in fluid communication with the fluid reservoir and transfers information to the first inductive communication means for transferring data gathered from monitoring conditions in the fluid reservoir.

Abstract: A method and a device of predicting reservoir sand bodies based on a wind field-provenance-basin system are provided. The method includes: acquiring geological data of a to-be-predicted area, which includes several of core data, paleontological data, well logging data and seismic data; inputting the geological data into a preset wind field-provenance-basin system model, for generating beach-bar-sand-body formation-process-data for the to-be-predicted area, where the wind field-provenance-basin system model includes several of a paleo-provenance restoration tool, a paleo-wind force restoration tool, a paleo-wind direction restoration tool, a paleo-geomorphology restoration tool and a paleo-water depth restoration tool; and predicting distribution locations where the beach-bar sand bodies are distributed in the to-be-predicted area using geological methods and geophysical methods based on the beach-bar-sand-body formation-process-data.

Abstract: Disclosed is an environmental sensor apparatus in which a plurality of light shielding plates including an insertion space portion providing an insertion space of the circuit board and a guide portion guiding the insertion of the circuit board to the inner surface of the insertion space portion are stacked, and a circuit board is mounted inside a light shielding portion in which the plurality of light shielding plates are stacked.

Abstract: A coating for an optical article, such as a lens, includes a bottom coating having at least one hydrophilic resin binder and at least one surfactant, forming an anti-fogging layer, and a top coating overlying the bottom coating, forming an anti-reflective layer. The top coating includes nanopores, which may be less than 150 nm in size.

Abstract: Ophthalmic lens comprising an anti-reflective stack designed for scotopic or mesopic conditions, wherein the anti-reflective stack design method uses the scotopic luminosity function CIE 1951 (defined by the Commission Internationale de I'Eclairage).

Abstract: An optical element may include a substrate. The optical element may include a first anti-reflectance structure for a particular wavelength range formed on the substrate. The optical element may include at least one layer disposed on a portion of the first anti-reflectance structure. The optical element may include a second anti-reflectance structure for the particular wavelength range formed on the at least one layer. A depth between a first surface of the first anti-reflectance structure and a second surface of the second anti-reflectance structure, a first index of refraction of the first anti-reflectance structure, a second index of refraction of the second anti-reflectance structure, and a third index of refraction of the at least one layer may be selected to form a diffractive optical element associated with a particular phase delay for the particular wavelength.

Abstract: An optical system includes a housing, an imaging device housed within the housing, and a window in the housing providing an optical path through the housing to the imaging device. The window includes a transparent substrate and a coating over the transparent substrate. The coating is made of an electrically conductive semiconductor. The imaging device is sensitive to and the coating is transparent to at least one of MWIR and/or LWIR wavelengths.

Abstract: A method for continuously manufacturing an optical display device comprises feeding a continuous web of optical film laminate including a continuous web of releasable film that includes a conductive layer and an optical film sheet that includes a conductive layer formed on the releasable film, bending the releasable film at a peeling body located in close vicinity of a lamination position, collecting the releasable film and thereby peeling the optical film sheet from the optical film laminate, sending the optical film sheet to the lamination position, and laminating the optical film sheet with a panel member which is conveyed to the lamination position by a panel conveying channel which makes at least a double-storied structure with a portion of a collecting channel where the releasable film is collected, attenuating static electrification generated on the optical film sheet, and continuously laminating the optical film sheet with the panel member.

Abstract: The imaging optical system consists of, in order from a magnification side, a first optical system and a second optical system. The first optical system consists of, in order from the magnification side, a first A lens group having a positive refractive power and a first B lens group having a positive refractive power with the maximum air gap interposed between the lens surfaces in the first optical system. The second optical system consists of, in order from the magnification side, a second A lens group having a positive refractive power and a second B lens group having a positive refractive power with the maximum air gap interposed between the lens surfaces in the second optical system.

Abstract: A cloaking device includes an object-side, an image-side and a cloaked region between the object side and image-side. An object-side half lens, an image-side half lens and a planar reflection boundary positioned between the object-side half lens and the image-side half lens are included. The object-side half lens and the image-side half lens each comprise an inward facing surface and an outward facing convex surface. The planar reflection boundary comprises an inward facing mirror surface. Light from an object positioned on the object-side of the cloaking device and obscured by the cloaked region is redirected around the cloaked region by the object-side half lens, planar reflection boundary and image-side half lens to form an image of the object on the image-side of the cloaking device such that the light from the object appears to pass through the cloaked region.

Abstract: Fresnel lens arrays, devices, systems and methods of forming them are described herein. One array includes a Fresnel lens array, having a first portion including one or more defined areas of one or more Fresnel lenses, and a second portion including a first section that has its optical center located in a second section that is vertically above or below the first section and wherein each section is formed from a defined area of the one or more Fresnel lenses.

Abstract: A virtual reality headset incorporating gradient refractive index (GRIN) lenses within the optical blocks thereof. Optical blocks of varying size and position are used. GRIN lenses are fabricated to fit within the optical block and are shaped to possess desired application-specific characteristics such as having one or more diffractive surfaces.

Abstract: A diffusive layer including a laminate of a plurality of transparent films is provided. At least one of the plurality of transparent films includes a plurality of diffusive elements with a concentration that is less than a percolation threshold. The plurality of diffusive elements are optical elements that diffuse light that is impinging on such element. The plurality of diffusive elements can be diffusively reflective, diffusively transmitting or combination of both. The plurality of diffusive elements can include fibers, grains, domains, and/or the like. The at least one film can also include a powder material for improving the diffusive emission of radiation and a plurality of particles that are fluorescent when exposed to radiation.

Abstract: A dielectric mirror includes a coating having alternating high and low index layers. The mirror coating has no metallic reflective layer of Al or Ag in certain example embodiments, and may have film side and/or glass side visible reflection of from about 50-90% (more preferably from about 60-80% and most preferably from about 65-75%) and visible transmission of from about 10-50% (more preferably from about 10-40% or 20-40%) in certain example embodiments.

Abstract: A mirror with an image display function includes in order: an image display device; a ¼ wavelength plate; a circular polarization reflection layer; and a front surface plate, the front surface plate includes a substrate and an inorganic reflection layer, the inorganic reflection layer is a semi-transmissive semi-reflective layer, the circular polarization reflection layer includes a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, and the cholesteric liquid crystal layer has a central wavelength of selective reflection in a visible light region. The half mirror includes in order: the ¼ wavelength plate, the circular polarization reflection layer, and the front surface plate.

Abstract: An improved reflective surface includes multiple first truncated triangular trihedral corner reflectors and multiple second truncated triangular trihedral corner reflectors, each including a retro-reflecting component and a scattering component corresponding to a truncation of a triangular trihedral corner reflector by a truncating object having a plurality of corners and a triangular or rectangular shape. The retro-reflecting component is a remaining triangular trihedral corner reflector that remains after the truncation of the triangular trihedral corner reflector and the scattering component is a portion of the truncated triangular trihedral corner reflector other than the remaining triangular trihedral corner reflector, where no corner of the plurality of corners of the truncating object is in alignment with a corner of the opening of the triangular trihedral corner reflector.

Abstract: A transmissive optical element may include a substrate. The transmissive optical element may include a first anti-reflectance structure for a particular wavelength range formed on the substrate. The transmissive optical element may include a second anti-reflectance structure for the particular wavelength range formed on the first anti-reflectance structure. The transmissive optical element may include a third anti-reflectance structure for the particular wavelength range formed on the second anti-reflectance structure. The transmissive optical element may include at least one layer disposed between the first anti-reflectance structure and the second anti-reflectance structure or between the second anti-reflectance structure and the third anti-reflectance structure.

Abstract: [Object] To make it possible to improve viewing angle characteristics more. [Solution] Provided is a display device including: a plurality of light emitting sections formed on a substrate; and a color filter provided on the light emitting section to correspond to each of the plurality of light emitting sections. The light emitting sections and the color filters are arranged such that, in at least a partial region in a display surface, a relative misalignment between a center of a luminescence surface of the light emitting section and a center of the color filter corresponding to the light emitting section is created in a plane perpendicular to a stacking direction.

Abstract: An optical device comprises a first grating and a second grating formed on or attached to a dielectric layer, and configured to simultaneously couple an optical field interacting therewith into two distinct Fano-Feshbach resonances.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for preparing coating layer having highly aligned nanomaterial in a lyotropic liquid crystal matrix. More specifically, it relates to a method for preparing coating layer having highly aligned nanomaterial by applying shearing force to a composite of nano material and lyotropic liquid crystal material after mixing the nano material and the lyotropic liquid crystal material. The present invention has an advantage in that orientation of nanomaterials, which have a high industrial utilization but are difficult to control orientation, can be controlled very easily and simply by applying a shearing force using a medium, such as a lyotropic liquid crystal matrix which is extractable from nature, thereby cheap and biocompatible.

Abstract: The invention provides a lighting device (1) comprising a plurality of light sources (100) configured to generate light source light (101), a plurality of light converter elements (200), wherein each light converter element (200) is radiationally coupled with one or more light sources (100), wherein the light sources (100) are configured at a non-zero distance from the light converter elements (200), wherein the light converter elements (200) are configured to convert at least part of the light source light into light converter light (201), the lighting device (1) further comprising a plurality of compound parabolic concentrators (300) configured in an array (310), each compound parabolic concentrator (300) having a first end (301) and a second end (302), and having a shape tapering from the first end (301) to the second end (302), wherein the light converter elements (200) are configured at the second ends (302) of the compound parabolic concentrators (300), wherein the light converter elements (200) and the

Abstract: An optical member includes a light guide plate having a top surface, a bottom surface, and side surfaces that connect the top surface and the bottom surface three-dimensionally and have a smaller area than the top surface and the bottom surface, a low refractive layer disposed on a side surface of the light guide plate and having a lower refractive layer than the light guide plate, and a wavelength conversion layer disposed on the low refractive layer, the wavelength conversion layer receiving first wavelength light and converting the first wavelength light into second wavelength light, which is of a different wavelength band from the first wavelength light.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a light source assembly and a display device, and the light source assembly includes: a first substrate and a second substrate arranged opposite to each other; a waveguide layer arranged between the first substrate and the second substrate; and a side-incident collimated light source arranged on a side of the waveguide layer, wherein the refractive index of the waveguide layer is higher than the refractive index of the first substrate, and the refractive index of the second substrate respectively; and light of the side-incident collimated light source is incident onto the side of the waveguide layer at a preset angle, and the incident light is totally reflected at the interference between the first substrate and the waveguide layer.

Abstract: Presented is a multiparameter automated luminaire comprised of a plurality of light engine modules, a plurality of which by design homogenize light emitted by its light sources more fully than at least one of the light engine modules, which is intentionally designed to noticeably not fully homogenize the light emitted by its light sources. In the preferred embodiment, the non homogenizing light engine module also includes light modulators optionally engagable to more fully homogenize the light output from that light engine module.

Abstract: A surface machining device for a light guide plate is disclosed, including: a support 11; a driving component 12 mounted on the support 11; a push unit 13 driven by the driving component 12, configured to push the light guide plate 10 to a pre-set position; a positioning component 14 driven by the driving component 12, configured to position the light guide plate 10 at the pre-set position; a bearing component 15 mounted on the support 11, configured to bear the light guide plate 10; and a pressing component 16 driven by the driving component 12, configured to press the light guide plate 10 onto the bearing component 15. With such device, an ultrathin light guide plate 10 can be machined to form a microstructure on the surface of the light guide plate 10, with high productivity, and low cost.

Abstract: An optical device. In some embodiments, the optical device includes a first interface; a second interface; a first plurality of waveguides, at the first interface; a second plurality of waveguides, at the second interface; and a free propagation region. A first waveguide of the first plurality of waveguides has a width at least 20% greater than a second waveguide of the first plurality of waveguides.

Abstract: Provided is an optical multiplexing circuit including: a first optical waveguide inputting a first light beam; a second optical waveguide inputting second and third light beams; an MM conversion waveguide; a first coupling part converting the first light beam into a higher order mode to couple the first light beam to the MM conversion waveguide; and a second coupling part converting the first light beam propagating through the MM conversion waveguide into the 0-th order mode to couple the first light beam to the second optical waveguide to transmit the second and third light beams.

Abstract: This invention discloses highly scalable and modular automated optical cross connect switch devices which exhibit low loss and scalability to high port counts. In particular, a device for the programmable interconnection of large numbers of optical fibers (100s-1000s) is provided, whereby a two-dimensional array of fiber optic connections is mapped in an ordered and rule-based fashion into a one-dimensional array with tensioned fiber optic circuit elements tracing substantially straight lines there between. Fiber optic elements are terminated in a stacked arrangement of flexible fiber optic circuit elements with a capacity to retain excess fiber lengths while maintaining an adequate bend radius. The combination of these elements partitions the switch volume into multiple independent, non-interfering zones, which retain their independence for arbitrary and unlimited numbers of reconfigurations.

Abstract: A method of launching a spacecraft into low Earth orbit using a non-line-of-sight optical power transfer system. The method includes generating optical power at a base station and using an optical fiber to transmit the optical power generated to a launch vehicle via an actively cooled fiber spooler thereon. The optical power received by the launch vehicle is converted to another form of energy usable by the launch vehicle. The optical power is optically focused into a reaction chamber to impinge on a refractory target. A working fluid is regeneratively fed to a heat exchanger contained within the actively cooled fiber spooler. The working fluid is pre-heated within the heat exchanger and injected into the reaction chamber where the working fluid heats and expands. The exhaust is channeled through a rocket nozzle to produce thrust. In an alternative embodiment, the optical fiber expended during launch of a spacecraft is recovered.

Abstract: An optical connector ferrule includes optical fiber holding hole holding an inserted optical fiber, a ferrule end face facing a coupled-side optical connector ferrule, a lens structure provided on an axis line of the optical fiber holding hole on the ferrule end face, and an inspection hole formed along the optical fiber holding hole. The ferrule end face is flat on at least an axis line of the inspection hole, and refractive-index distribution in an area between the ferrule end face and a back side thereof is uniform.

Abstract: Disclosed is a fiber inserting apparatus comprising: a fiber clamp; a ferrule clamp opposite to the fiber clamp; and a clamp control controlling relative movement of the fiber clamp and the ferrule clamp on the rails, wherein a fiber inserting operation is performed based on the relative movement towards each other between the fiber clamp and the ferrule clamp. The fiber inserting apparatus may further comprise a straightening section comprising a chamber, elongated slots extending in a fiber inserting direction, a first drive for driving the chamber in a first direction so that the elongated slots move close to and away from the end of the bare fiber, and a second drive driving the chamber to move backwards and forwards in the fiber inserting direction, wherein the elongated slots are in communication with the chamber and a pressure in the chamber is smaller than that in the elongated slots when inserting the fiber.

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein are directed to a device and system of devices including: a connector housing comprising an alignment sleeve therein with a plural of angled surface and at least one opening, or an internal cavity of said connector housing has the same configuration as said alignment sleeve. Upon inserting ferrule assembly within an opening of said housing, a contact point on a collar or flange of said assembly moves along angled surfaces until it engages an opening between angled surfaces for securing ferrule assembly within connector housing without jamming.

Abstract: A photonic chip comprising tunable lasers, emitters and other optical components such as waveguides, wavelength band combiners and wavelength lockers, is packaged with one or more complementary metal-oxide semiconductor chips in different ways. The complementary metal-oxide semiconductor chips are arranged on the sides or the bottom of the photonic chip. Through-Si-vias or wire bonding provides electrical contact between the photonic chip and the complementary metal-oxide semiconductor chips.

Abstract: A fiber distribution system (10) includes a fiber distribution hub (20, 300); at least one fiber distribution terminal (30, 100); and a cable (40) wrapped around a spool (110) of the fiber distribution terminal (30, 100). The fiber distribution terminal (30, 100) includes a spool (110) and a management tray (120) that rotate together. A second connectorized end (40b) of the cable (40) is held at a fiber optic adapter (125) on the tray (120). After dispensing the first connectorized end (40a) to the hub (20), an optical splitter (70, 130, 140) can be mounted to the tray (120). The splitter (26, 70, 130, 140, 306) has output adapters at which patch cords (50) can be inserted to connect subscribers to the system. The fiber distribution hub can use the same format of splitters (26, 70, 130, 140, 306). Other distributed splitter systems are provided with splicing and/or adding of splitters as needed.

Abstract: A patch bay device, in particular for optical waveguide cables, includes at least one connection unit which defines at least one port. The connection unit has in at least one connection zone a port density of at least 0.55 ports/cm2.

Abstract: A cable clamp for clamping drop cables to main span cables. The cable clamp has a frame, a jaw assembly and a stem. The frame has a main body, a drop cable body and a main cable body. The jaw assembly is operatively coupled to the main body and has a drop cable jaw and a main cable jaw. The drop cable jaw is movable along the main body between an open position and a closed position. The main cable jaw is movable along the main body between an open position and a closed position. The main cable jaw can be automatically moved from the open position to the closed position. The stem is operatively coupled to the main body and the jaw assembly so that the stem can selectively block the main cable jaw in the open position and release the main cable jaw so that can automatically move to the closed position.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a fiber optic cable that includes a plurality of internal optical fibers and a fiber optic cable portion. The fiber optic cable portion includes an outer jacket and an inner conduit, the inner conduit containing the plurality of optical fibers disposed therein. The fiber optic cable further includes a flexible conduit portion, wherein the flexible conduit portion has a proximal end and a distal end. The proximal end is secured to the fiber optic cable portion and the distal end has a terminating device. The terminating device at least partially encases the flexible conduit portion, and the plurality of optical fibers passes through the flexible conduit portion and the terminating device.

Abstract: A lens structure includes a lens barrel, a first lens and an opaque layer. The lens barrel has an axially-extended accommodation space. The first lens includes a surface and is disposed in the accommodation space, wherein the surface includes a light penetrating zone, and the light penetrating zone includes an optical axis passing through a center of the first lens. The opaque layer is formed on the surface and disposed between the light penetrating zone and the lens barrel. The lens structure satisfies: 0.2?R/HO?0.8, wherein R is an effective radius of the first lens, and HO is half of an outer diameter of the first lens.

Abstract: A slim lens assembly in accordance with the invention in order from an object side to an image side along an optical axis, comprises a first lens, a second lens, a third lens and a fourth lens. The first lens is with positive refractive power, which includes a convex surface facing an image side. The second lens is with positive refractive power, which includes a concave surface facing the image side. The third lens is with positive refractive power, which includes a concave surface facing the object side and a convex surface facing the image side. The fourth lens is with positive refractive power.

Abstract: A photographing lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side: a plurality of lens elements and an aspheric image surface. Each of the lens elements of the photographing lens assembly has an object-side surface facing toward the object side and an image-side surface facing toward the image side, and each of the lens elements is a single and non-cemented lens element.