Abstract: A photoplethysmographic (PPG) device is disclosed. The PPG device can include one or more light emitters and one or more light sensors to generate the multiple light paths for measuring a PPG signal and perfusion indices of a user. The multiple light paths between each pair of light emitters and light detectors can include different separation distances to generate both an accurate PPG signal and a perfusion index value to accommodate a variety of users and usage conditions. In some examples, the multiple light paths can include the same separation distances for noise cancellation due to artifacts resulting from, for example, tilt and/or pull of the device, a user's hair, a user's skin pigmentation, and/or motion. The PPG device can further include one or more lenses and/or reflectors to increase the signal strength and/or and to obscure the optical components and associated wiring from being visible to a user's eye.

Abstract: An ATR optical instrument condensing an infrared light to a sample-side surface of a ATR crystal to measure a total reflection absorption spectrum includes: an incident-side ellipsoidal mirror condensing the infrared light to the sample-side surface at an incident angle equal to or larger than a critical angle ?c inside; an exiting-side ellipsoidal mirror condensing a total reflection light from the sample-side surface; dichroic mirrors guiding an illumination light coaxially to the ellipsoidal mirrors; and a ZnS lens condensing a visible light from the sample-side surface to observe a contact state of the sample. The dichroic mirrors are configured to guide the illumination light to the ellipsoidal mirrors such that the illumination light is condensed to the sample-side surface at an angle less that a critical angle ?c? of the visible light. Accordingly, the ATR optical instrument becomes compact, and can visually observe the contact state of the sample surface.

Abstract: A gas sensor system is provided, comprising: a gas cell operable so as to receive a sample gas; a vacuum system fluidically coupled to the gas cell operable to maintain the sample gas within the gas cell at a sub-ambient pressure; a pressure sensor operable to sense a pressure of the sample gas; a thermally insulated enclosure having the gas cell therein; a heat source or heat exchanger operable to influence an interior temperature of the thermally insulated enclosure; a light source within the thermally insulated enclosure operable to provide a mid-infrared (mid-IR) light into and through the gas cell; a photodetector within the thermally insulated enclosure operable to receive the attenuated mid-IR; and a control system electronically coupled to the vacuum system and to the pressure sensor operable to maintain the sample gas within the gas cell at the predetermined pressure to within one ton (1 Torr).

Abstract: A scanning detection system is provided wherein emissions from locations in a flow cell are detected. In some embodiments, the system can comprise an excitation source, a photocleavage source, and modulating optics configured to cause an excitation beam generated by the excitation source to irradiate a first group of the fixed locations and to cause a photocleavage beam generated by the photocleavage source to irradiate a second group of the fixed locations, which is separate and apart from the first group of fixed locations. Methods of detecting sequencing reactions using such a system are also provided.

Abstract: A system is presented. The system includes an electromagnetic radiation source configured to generate a mode matched electromagnetic radiation that irradiates a gas mixture filled in a gas compartment at a determined pressure ‘P’ bars, an intensity enhancement mechanism that internally reflects the mode-matched electromagnetic radiation a plurality of times to achieve an effective intensity ‘E’, of reflected electromagnetic radiation in a region of interest, that is ‘N’ times an intensity of the mode-matched electromagnetic radiation, and a detection subsystem that analyses the gas-mixture based upon Raman Scattered photons emitted from the region of interest, wherein a product of the ‘P’ and the ‘N’ is at least 30.

Abstract: Apparatus and associated methods relate to predicting precursor to coating spallation. Heat is provided to a first surface of a member. A time sequence of thermal images is captured of the first surface and/or a second surface of the member. Each of the images includes a two-dimensional array of image data. Each of the image data of the two-dimensional array of image data corresponds to an xy-coordinate pair. A two-dimensional array of thermal diffusivities is calculated based on the captured time sequence of thermal images. Each of the thermal diffusivities of the two-dimensional array of thermal diffusivities corresponds to the xy-coordinate pair. Each of the calculated thermal diffusivities of the two dimensional array of thermal diffusivities are compared with a predetermined threshold. If the calculated thermal diffusivity is greater than the predetermined threshold, then precursor to coating spallation of the thermal barrier coating at the corresponding xy-coordinate pair is predicted.

Abstract: The present invention provides a photolytic converter for converting reactant molecules in a fluid sample into product molecules by photolytic dissociation with electromagnetic radiation. The converter has a reaction chamber in communication with one or more electromagnetic radiation sources, an inflow conduit for conveying the fluid sample into the reaction chamber, and an outflow conduit for conveying the fluid sample out of the reaction chamber into a receptacle, wherein at least one of the first and outflow conduits extends into the reaction chamber. The receptacle can comprise detection means for generating a signal indicative of a concentration of product molecules in the processed fluid sample.

Abstract: The current invention is an automotive fluid identifier sheet. The sheet is a treated paper that will react to the liquids that drip from the vehicle to change colors. Examples of fluids in a regular car are Gas, Transmission fluid, Windshield wiper fluid, Brake fluid, and Power steering fluid. The sheet will assign a different color to each fluid to show which fluid to show the users what fluid has leaked.

Abstract: This invention relates to a defect detection method on a moving sheet of pliable fibrous material created by fibres falling onto a carrying belt while the primary detection array is used to scan the moving sheet of fibrous material in at least one primary detection area (A), which the fibres, after falling onto the moving belt, enter after a time shorter than 15 minutes. Information about the identified defects is sent for assessment, where it forms the basis for assessing need to adjust production parameters.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a Smart Defect Calibration, Diagnosis, Sampling System and The Method Thereof for manufacturing fab is provided.

Abstract: First ROI pixel values of a first region of interest 101 of a radiographic intensity distribution image 10, and second ROI pixel values of a second region of interest 102 of the radiographic intensity distribution image 10, are acquired. One of the first and second regions of interest is set to be at a position, or vicinity thereof, where a phase difference in the intensity modulation period within the radiographic intensity distribution image, with respect to the other region of interest, becomes ?/2. Next, an elliptical locus obtained by plotting the first and second ROI pixel values for each radiographic intensity distribution image is determined. k angle region images are then acquired using the radiographic intensity distribution images corresponding to at least k angle regions that have been obtained by dividing the elliptical locus for each given angle. A radiographic image is then generated using the k angle region images. k is an integer of three or more.

Abstract: Methods and systems for measuring periodic structures using multi-angle X-ray reflectance scatterometry (XRS) are disclosed. For example, a method of measuring a sample by X-ray reflectance scatterometry involves impinging an incident X-ray beam on a sample having a periodic structure to generate a scattered X-ray beam, the incident X-ray beam simultaneously providing a plurality of incident angles and a plurality of azimuthal angles. The method also involves collecting at least a portion of the scattered X-ray beam.

Abstract: A system for the x-ray topography analysis of a sample, comprising in combination, a goniometer having a base, a tube arm rotatably associated with the base, a detector arm rotatably associated with the base, and a sample stage operatively associated with the base. The system also includes an x-ray source operatively coupled with the tube arm and is capable of emitting a non-collimated beam of x-rays. A collimator is operatively associated with the x-ray source and converts the non-collimated beam of x-rays into a collimated beam of x-rays having a quasi-rectangular shape with a divergence less than three degrees in all directions. A detector operatively coupled to the detector arm.

Abstract: Provided is a fluorescent X-ray analysis apparatus, including: a collecting portion configured to drop a liquid droplet onto a substrate having an object to be measured on a surface thereof and move the dropped liquid droplet on the surface of the substrate to collect the object to be measured into the liquid droplet; a drying portion configured to dry the liquid droplet so that the object to be measured is held onto the surface of the substrate; an analysis portion configured to irradiate the object to be measured with an X-ray and perform quantitative analysis of an element contained in the object to be measured based on a fluorescent X-ray output from the object to be measured; a beam sensor configured to emit a laser having a band shape for detecting an amount of the liquid droplet separated from the collecting portion before the liquid droplet is dried after the object to be measured is collected; and a calculating portion configured to calculate a correction coefficient for correcting the amount of the

Abstract: A new device and method for more quickly and accurately performing a Thermal Response Test (TRT) to determine the Thermal Conductivity (TC) of the ground for use by a Geothermal Heat Pump (GHP) system. Existing TRT methods require testing for about 48 hours and require a very stable source of heat. This invention reduces the testing time required to under 24 hours and removes the requirement for a stable heat source, and thus will decrease the cost for TC testing and increase its use. Further, this new device and method provides more information about the thermal properties of the earth being tested than prior techniques.

Abstract: Thermophysical property measurement method and apparatus are provided that make it possible to simply and conveniently obtain a highly precise absolute thermoelectric power and thermal conductivity.

Abstract: The present application discloses, in some embodiments thereof, an apparatus, systems and methods for measuring specimens' displacement or transformation while heating. In some embodiments, the present invention discloses apparatus and methods for determining the transformation temperature or range of temperatures of specimens, such as specimens manufactured from a memory shape alloy.

Abstract: A thermal aging estimator for use in a borehole having an ambient temperature of at least 200° F. The estimator may include a thermal aging element positioned adjacent to a heat-sensitive component while in the ambient temperature of at least 200° F. The thermal aging element has a permanent change in an electrical property in response to a thermal exposure, which correlates to cumulative thermal damage from the thermal exposure. The change estimating circuit applies an electrical signal to the thermal aging element.

Abstract: Methods, devices and systems for three-dimensional location of the disposition of a sensor coil in a subject including are disclosed. The systems include an array of three or more triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets, at least one moveable sensor coil configured to be disposed in a subject and to provide one or more sensor coil response signals responsive to the respective electromagnetic wave fields, a receiving component configured to control drive signals to the array of drive coil sets and to measure sensor coil response signals from the moveable sensor coil, and a processor is configured to determine a sensor coil disposition in the subject relative to said triplet or quadruplet drive coil sets. The receiving component provides a modified drive signal to maximize or optimize the generated respective electromagnetic wave fields, or the one or more sensor coil response signals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for determining petrophysical parameters of an underground formation, comprising at least two electrodes (EL), a means for emitting a frequency-variable electric current (MEC), and a means for measuring electrical resistivity (MRE) in terms of amplitude and phase, two of the electrodes (EL) cooperating with the emission means (MEC) and at least two of the electrodes (EL) cooperating with the means for measuring resistivity (MRE), a means for measuring a difference in electrical potential (MDP) cooperating with at least two of the electrodes (EL). The invention is particularly applicable to oil exploration and development.

Abstract: Disclosed is a gas sensor for detecting hydrogen gas in a measurement gas atmosphere, including: a first installation part defining a first inner space in communication with the measurement gas atmosphere through a solid electrolyte membrane member; a second installation part defining a second inner space in direct communication with the measurement gas atmosphere; first and second sensor elements respectively installed in the first and second inner spaces; and a calculation unit configured to calculate the concentration of the hydrogen gas according to a potential between the first and second sensor elements. The gas sensor further includes a current detecting portion that detects a current flowing through the first and second sensor elements. The calculation unit is configured to, when the current detected by the current detecting portion is larger than or equal to a threshold value, judge that the hydrogen gas is present at high concentration.

Abstract: The scanning of shoes using an external electric field is shown. A shoe, while being worn, is positioned upon a support platform. At least one input line is strobed by the application of an input voltage having a first intensity and output lines are sampled to produce output samples. Selected output samples are compared against a reference and the input voltage is adjusted, in a response to this comparing step, from the first intensity to a second-intensity.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for detecting water in diesel fuel filters, comprising: arranging a first electrode and a second electrode (1.1; 1.2) in a medium located in the diesel fuel filter, forming an equivalent parallel RC circuit; applying an injection phase (A), during which a closed first switch (3.1) and an open second switch (3.2) are arranged such that a working electric current is injected in the first electrode (1.1), and the second electrode (1.2) is connected to ground, delivering an electric charge; applying a relaxation phase (B), during which the open first switch (3.1) and the closed second switch (3.2) are arranged such that both the first electrode (1.1) and the second electrode (1.2) are connected to ground, the electric charge being dissipated through the medium; evaluating the voltage according to a capacitive component of the equivalent parallel RC circuit; and determining the medium by means of said evaluation.

Abstract: Provided is a humidity sensor including a substrate, a lower electrode, a humidity-sensitive dielectric portion, and an upper electrode which are sequentially stacked and measuring humidity by sensing a difference in capacitance between electrodes according to a change in dielectric constant of the humidity-sensitive dielectric portion, wherein the humidity-sensitive dielectric portion has a plurality of cylindrical members having a circular or C-shaped cross-section erected on the lower electrode, and wherein the upper electrode has a pattern where a plurality of circular-rings or C-rings in contact with ceiling surfaces of the plurality of the cylindrical members of the humidity-sensitive dielectric portion are connected to each other.

Abstract: A semiconductor apparatus may include a capacitance measuring circuit. The capacitance measuring circuit may include a constant current circuit configured to output a constant current. The capacitance measuring circuit may include a voltage converting circuit configured to convert the constant current into a detection voltage, and compensate for a variation of the detection voltage due to internal leakage current of the voltage converting circuit. The capacitance measuring circuit may include a code generating circuit configured to generate a value obtained by detecting a time elapsed while the detection voltage increases to a reference voltage, as a code signal.

Abstract: An electrochemical measurement method is provided in which a working electrode and a counter electrode are provided in an electrolytic solution containing the measurement target and a measuring voltage is applied between the working electrode and the counter electrode to measure a current flowing between the working electrode and the counter electrode in proportion to the amount of the measurement target. A measurement target eliminating thin-wire electrode made of thin wire stretched in such a shape that extends from one point on the bottom into space in the electrolytic solution well and back to another point on the bottom is provided. The electrochemical measurement method includes: eliminating the measurement target by applying an eliminating voltage having the same polarity as the measuring voltage between the measurement target eliminating thin-wire electrode and the counter electrode; and diffusing a new measurement target after stopping the application of the eliminating voltage.

Abstract: The present disclosure includes to a sensor element including a membrane having a first functionalized region and a second functionalized region and including a sensor element body on which the membrane rests. The sensor element body has at least one electrically conductive first conductor and an electrically conductive second conductor electrically insulated from the first conductor. The first conductor is electrically and/or electrolytically conductively connected to the first functionalized region of the membrane, and the second conductor is electrically and/or electrolytically conductively connected to the second functionalized region of the membrane. In another aspect of the present disclosure, a method for fabricating such a sensor element is disclosed.

Abstract: In a gas sensor assembling apparatus configured to integrate first and second gas sensor components, a posture adjustment part configured to adjust the posture of a first member in a horizontal plane adjusts the posture of the first member to an insertion possible posture determined in advance while holding the first member having been transferred from a conveyance mechanism at a posture adjustment position fixedly determined in advance, and transfers the first member in the insertion possible posture to the conveyance mechanism while maintaining at the posture adjustment position, the conveyance mechanism conveys, to an integration position, the first member in the insertion possible posture, and at the integration position, the first member and the second member are integrated with each other by inserting a sensor element of a second member into an insertion port of the first member in the insertion possible posture.

Abstract: A molecular detection apparatus according to an arrangement includes: a collection unit collecting a detection target gas containing a molecule to be detected; a detector including a detection cell that has an organic probe provided in a sensor unit, the organic probe capturing the collected molecule, and a discriminator discriminating the molecule by a detection signal generated by the molecule being captured by the organic probe of the detection cell. The detection cell has the organic probe including a dicyanovinyl structure or a coumarin structure.

Abstract: A sensor can include a redox-active complex. The sensor can be voltage sensitive.

Abstract: A system and method is provided for depositing nanosensors including directing a plasma stream onto a low energy substrate having a surface energy of from 10 mN/m to 43 mN/m to increase the surface energy of the substrate to from 44 mN/m to 80 mN/m, applying an adhesive layer to the plasma discharge treated substrate; and depositing nanosensors on the adhesive coated substrate of step (b) via electrostatic force assisted deposition using a high strength electrostatic field of from 2 kV/cm to 10 kV/cm to form vertically standing nanosensors.

Abstract: A traditional nanopore DNA sequencing method has a problem in that a signal analysis error may occur when a signal variation reflecting fluctuation in a base current is contained in a signal variation in a signal analysis. An electrolyte solution for biomolecule assays, containing D2O as a solvent, and/or containing an electrolyte that has Cs and Na, Na alone, Na and Li, or Li alone as a cation species in the electrolyte solution, or trishydroxyaminomethane, or a combination thereof is used in formation of a nanopore or in measurement.

Abstract: In accordance with various aspects of the present teachings, methods and systems for differential mobility spectrometry are provided herein for simultaneously applying a plurality of SV/CV combinations to subsets of a population of ions generated by one or more ion sources. In various aspects, DMS devices in accordance with the present teachings can provide multiple channels (e.g., 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, or more) for operating in parallel and within which different electrical fields can be generated for filtering sample ions within those channels based on the characteristic mobilities of the ions within each channel. In this manner, devices and methods in accordance with the present teachings can, in various aspects, enable improved duty cycle, increased throughput, decreased sample consumption, increased sensitivity for a plurality of ions of interest, and/or increased resolution.

Abstract: A system for detecting the presence of a rail end in a rail of a railway track includes a support structure mountable to a component of a rail vehicle. At least one magnetic field generator is carried by the support structure to generate a remanent magnetic field in the rail. A sensor arrangement is carried by the support structure in spaced relationship to the magnetic field generator to detect magnetic flux leakage associated with the remanent magnetic field. The sensor arrangement includes at least one pair of longitudinally spaced sensors, each sensor generating a measured signal based on the magnetic flux leakage detected by that sensor. A signal processing module is responsive to the measured signals to calculate a differential signal from the measured signals of the sensors of the at least one pair of sensors. The differential signal is indicative of the presence of a rail end in the rail.

Abstract: Methods and systems for inspecting insulated equipment for corrosion under insulation are provided. The system includes an autonomous unmanned vehicle having aerial and ground locomotive capabilities. The vehicle includes an infrared detector and a pulsed eddy current sensor. In the method, infrared waves emitted from the equipment are detected along the equipment with the infrared detector. Using the infrared detector, at least one image of an inner surface of the equipment is developed based on the detected infrared waves. At least one area that is susceptible to corrosion is determined based on the at least one image. The susceptible area is inspected with the pulsed eddy current sensor, which induces an eddy current in the inner wall of the equipment. Based on a rate of the decay in strength of the eddy current, it is determined whether corrosion exists at the susceptible area using a processor configured by code.

Abstract: Bandwidth-selectable acoustic emission apparatus and methods for transmitting time-averaged signal data are described. An example apparatus includes an acoustic emission sensor having a bandwidth-selectable filter and a data extractor. The acoustic emission sensor is to generate an acoustic emission signal. The bandwidth-selectable filter is to filter the acoustic emission signal based on a selected bandwidth to generate a filtered acoustic emission signal. The data extractor is to extract time-averaged signal data from the filtered acoustic emission signal. The data extractor is also to transmit the time-averaged signal data from the acoustic emission sensor to an external data acquisition system.

Abstract: A pipe inspection tool having a central shaft assembly with at least one continuous band assembly which extend radially outwardly therefrom into contact with a surrounding pipe. The continuous band assembly includes a continuous band which carries at least one pipe inspection element and a roller which circulates the continuous band in order to form stationary, non-sliding contact between the pipe inspection element and the surrounding pipe over a period of time during which the pipe inspection tool moves within the pipe.

Abstract: Pipe inspection tools have a central shaft assembly with one or more stationary contact platform assemblies which extend radially outwardly therefrom. Each stationary contact platform assembly includes a platform which is moveable radially inward and outward sequentially to create periodic contact with a pipe wall and an axially moveable contact cart which maintains stationary contact over a period of time in which the platform is in the radially outward position.

Abstract: In a rope damage diagnostic testing apparatus, an ultrasound applicator generates ultrasonic waves in a wire rope by making the wire rope vibrate due to magnetostriction effect. A detecting element detects changes in a state of propagation of the ultrasonic waves in the wire rope. An excitation coil and the detecting element are disposed in a parallelogram that has as a first opposite side length a length of a portion of the wire rope in which one of the outer layer strands makes one revolution around the wire rope, and that has as a second opposite side length a product of a diameter and number of the outer layer wires that are included in one of the outer layer strands.

Abstract: A crack detecting system includes a tool movable along a conduit or structure and having at least one sensing device for sensing cracks in a wall of the conduit or structure. The system includes an exciter that excites the structure chaotically. The sensing device senses the material response from the exciter. A processor is operable to process response signals of the at least one sensing device. The processor analyzes the sensed response signals employing at least one methodology, wherein the at least one methodology includes a classical statistical methodology selected from the group consisting of standard deviation, skew, and kurtosis to detect cracks at wall of the conduit or structure.

Abstract: A device for separating analytes is disclosed. The device has a sample injector, sample injection needle, sample reservoir container in communication with the sample injector, chromatography column downstream of the sample injector, and fluid conduits connecting the sample injector and the column. The interior surfaces of the fluid conduits, sample injector, sample reservoir container, and column form a flow path having wetted surfaces. A portion of the wetted surfaces of the flow path are coated with an alkylsilyl coating that is inert to at least one of the analytes. The alkylsilyl coating has the Formula I: R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 are each independently selected from (C1-C6)alkoxy, —NH(C1-C6)alkyl, —N((C1-C6)alkyl)2, OH, ORA, and halo. RA represents a point of attachment to the interior surfaces of the fluidic system. At least one of R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, and R6 is ORA. X is (C1-C20)alkyl, —O[(CH2)2O]1-20—, —(C1-C10)[NH(CO)NH(C1-C10)]1-20-, or —(C1-C10)[alkylphenyl(C1-C10)alkyl]1-20-.

Abstract: A GC/MS measurement under an ionization by an electron ionization method is performed for a target sample (S1). Peaks are detected on a chromatogram based on obtained data, and a mass spectrum corresponding to each peak is compared with a compound database to identify a compound (S2-S4). A compound identified with a low degree of similarity is extracted as the measurement compound. For this compound, a measurement window including the retention time of a peak corresponding to the compound is set, and a control program for performing an ionization by a chemical ionization method only within the measurement window is created (S5-S8).

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an oxidizer, and related methods, for oxidizing polar modifiers in chromatographic mobile phases. The oxidizer enables the use of flame-based detection in chromatographic separations, such as carbon dioxide based chromatography, which employ polar modifiers, such as methanol. Upon exiting a chromatographic column, the mobile phase containing the polar modifier is flowed through an oxidizer that contains a catalyst to oxidize at least a portion of the polar modifier to a species that does not interfere with the function of the flame-based detector. The oxidizer allows for flame-based detection, such as flame ionization detection, in applications in which a polar modifier with a reduced form of carbon is used.

Abstract: A chromatographic data system processing apparatus includes a standard sample time table for prestoring a first retention time and a first allowable width of each peak of specific components of a standard sample, a determination unit for determining whether a number of peaks coincides with a specified number when a peak cannot be identified, an alteration unit for altering the standard sample time table by increasing the first allowable width of a specific component to an altered allowable width, an identification unit for identifying the peaks based on the altered standard sample time table when all peaks fall within a range of the altered allowable width, and a setting unit for acquiring an actually-measured retention time of the peaks, and setting a measurement sample time table based on the actually-measured retention time and a second allowable width when the peaks are identified based on the altered standard sample time table.

Abstract: Systems for quantifying a target analyte concentration in a process solution are provided and can be used, for example, in methods for quantifying a target analyte concentration. These systems and methods include continuous automated titration methods that use titration chemistries to measure the target analyte concentration in the process solution. The method steps provide for efficient and robust automated titration methods for a variety of target analytes and can include methods that provide for methods that provide a dynamic range for measurement of target analyte concentrations.

Abstract: The invention relates to an analysis device for determining a measurement variable based on the concentration of one or more contents of a sample, comprising: a digestion reactor with a gas inlet and a gas outlet; a measuring device which is connected to the gas outlet of the digestion reactor; a control and analysis device which is designed to receive and process measurement values that are registered by the measuring device and are based on the measurement variable; an oxygen generating device; and a gas line system which connects the oxygen generating device to the gas inlets of the digestion reactor in order to supply oxygen generated by the oxygen generating device to the digestion reactor, wherein the gas line system comprises a gas storage device which has at least one chamber with a variable volume for receiving an oxygen quantity to be stored.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a gas sensor is disclosed. The gas sensor includes a substrate region, a first electrode provided on the substrate region, and a movable structure above the first electrode. The movable structure includes a deformable member which deforms by absorbing or adsorbing a predetermined gas, a heat member which heats the deformable member, and a second electrode. The gas sensor further includes a first cavity region which is provided between the first electrode and the second electrode.

Abstract: Embodiments relate generally to systems and methods for controlling the display of a gas detector. A gas detector may comprise at least one gas sensor configured to detect at least one gas in the ambient environment; a display configured to display information received from the at least one gas sensor; an attachment configured to attach the gas detector to a user; an attachment sensor configured to detect when the gas detector has been attached to a user; and a processor configured to receive information from the attachment sensor, and configured to automatically control the orientation of the display based on information received from the attachment sensor.

Abstract: A gas detection device comprises a pump module for drawing in air; a sensor module including a plurality of unit sensors detecting a gas included in the air; a driving module driving the pump module and the sensor module; and a case including a main body mounted to allow at least one among the pump module, the sensor module, and the driving module to be detachable and a cover connected to the main body to allow the at least one among the pump module, the sensor module, and the driving module to be exposed.

Abstract: Contamination detection systems, kits, and techniques are described for testing surfaces for the presence of hazardous contaminants, while minimizing user exposure to these contaminants. Even trace amounts of contaminants can be detected. A collection kit provides a swab that is simple to use, easy to hold and grip, allows the user to swab large areas of a surface, and keeps the user's hands away from the surface being tested. The kit also provides open and closed fluid transfer mechanism to transfer the collected fluid to a detection device while minimizing user exposure to hazardous contaminants in the collected fluid. Contamination detection kits can rapidly collect and detect hazardous drugs, including trace amounts of antineoplastic agents, in healthcare settings at the site of contamination.