Abstract: A date palm seed lost circulation material (LCM) is provided having a date palm seed admixture of date palm seed particles of various sizes. The date palm seed particles may have a size greater than about 2380 microns in a range of about 40% to about 42% by weight, particles having a size greater than about 595 microns and less than about 2381 microns in a range of about 46% to about 48% by weight, particles having a size greater than about 400 microns and less than about 596 microns in a range of about 4% to about 6% by weight, particles having a size less than about 210 microns in a range of about 4% to about 6% by weight, and particles having a size less than about 149 microns in a range of about 1% to about 3% by weight. Methods of lost circulation control using and manufacture of a date palm seed LCM are also provided.

Abstract: Methods and systems of treating a well are provided. A method comprises providing a packer fluid comprising a fluorous oil; and introducing the packer fluid into a wellbore. The method further comprises introducing the packer fluid into the wellbore may further comprise introducing the packer fluid into a volume above a packer and inside a casing.

Abstract: A downhole fluid comprises a base fluid, for example a hydrocarbon base fluid, and a pyromellitamide gelling agent. The pyromellitamide gelling agent may have the general formula of: with R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8 each being a hydrogen or an organic group. R1, R2, R3 and R4 may each be hexyl groups or may each be octyl groups. A composition for gelling a downhole fluid, the composition comprising a pyromellitamide gelling agent and a wetting agent.

Abstract: This document relates to settable, hydraulic, non-Portland foamed cement compositions comprising nitrogen gas-generating compositions used for loss circulation control.

Abstract: A composition for use in various down-hole operations in oil and gas wells. The compositions can include various combinations of certain ethers and other components e.g., esters, alkoxylated alcohols, acidizing agents and hydrocarbon co-solvents. The compositions are useful in a wide variety of down-hole applications particularly well cleaning, filter cake removal and well stimulation techniques e.g., acidizing.

Abstract: An amine adduct is made by (1) forming an addition intermediate by heating a mixture comprising at least one diene and at least one unsaturated fatty acyl compound, and reacting the addition intermediate with a diamine to form the amine adduct, or by (2) reacting at least one unsaturated fatty acyl compound with at least one diamine to form an amine intermediate, and heating a mixture of the amidoamine intermediate and at least one diene to form the amine adduct, or by (3) reacting at least one unsaturated fatty tertiary amine compound with at least at least one diene to form the amine adduct.

Abstract: A system and method for hydrating a hydratable material are provided in which a first hydration fluid is heated prior to mixing with the hydratable material to produce a hydration mixture. The hydration mixture is subsequently mixed with a second hydration fluid to produce a well injection fluid having a hydrated hydratable material. Generally, the first hydration fluid will be at about ambient temperature before it is heated and the second hydration fluid will be at about at about ambient temperature when it is mixed with the hydration mixture. Typically, the first hydration fluid will be a minor part of the hydration fluid content of the well injection fluid and the second hydration fluid will be a major part of the hydration fluid content of the well injection fluid.

Abstract: Provided is a well-treatment fluid that reduces a load on the environment. A well-treatment fluid containing a non-ionic polyamino acid derivative including an ?-type or ?-type polyaspartic acid monomer unit represented by Formula (I) and an ?-type or ?-type polyaspartic acid monomer unit represented by Formula (II).

Abstract: A fracturing fluid and method of including a cellulose polymer derivative, a diol functional group, and a borate crosslinker. The diol functional group may be a cis-diol functional group, a 1,2-diol functional group, or a 1,3-diol functional group. The cellulose polymer derivative further may include a hydroxyethyl group or a hydroxypropyl group. The fracturing fluid may also include at least one metallic crosslinker. The method may also include the steps of adding a pH adjusting agent, at least one breaker, a surfactant, a scale inhibitor, and/or a bactericide to the fracturing fluid, or mixing the fracturing fluid using mixing equipment or wherein the fracturing fluid is introduced into a subterranean formation using one or more pumps.

Abstract: Multifunctional proppants made up of proppant particles that are at least partially coated by a biocide, a breaker, and a cross-linking agent. These components can be positioned around the proppant particles so they function in a sequential or time-release manner. The multifunctional proppants can be provided in fracturing fluids to form or maintain one or more fractures in a subterranean zone penetrated by a well bore and which can minimize or inhibiting bacterial growth.

Abstract: A method of extracting hydrocarbons from a subterranean formation comprises introducing a solution comprising a silicon-containing compound into the subterranean formation. The silicon-containing compound may comprise a terminal group comprising one of an alkanoate group, a fluoroalkanoate group, and a perfluoroalkanoate group, and one or more of an alkoxy group and a chlorine atom bonded to a silicon atom. The method comprises attaching the silicon-containing compound to one or more of formation surfaces of the subterranean formation to form an oleophilic surface on the one or more of the formation surfaces and the surfaces of proppant particles.

Abstract: Enzyme formulations should stay active and devoid of all possible inactivation processes during transport and long-term storage. The stabilization of enzymatic activity, especially in presence of critical functional components for specialized application, has been a long-standing obstacle when stored over an extended period of time. One such obstacle is the stability of enzyme in presence of weak acids in formulation, which is often desired to efficiently break down biopolymer filtercake embedded in a carbonate matrix, in the open-hole section of a horizontal well, for hydrocarbon production. The invention comprises methods and compositions to enhance the long-term storage stability of an enzyme formulation consisting of an in-situ acid precursor system, where in-situ generated precursors are mainly ester compounds that dissociate by slow hydrolysis to generate organic acid, shifting the pH of the formulation outside the pKa of the enzyme protein.

Abstract: Treatment fluids (e.g., fracturing fluids) comprising ionic water, and associated methods of use are provided. In one embodiment, the methods comprise providing a treatment fluid comprising an aqueous base fluid comprising one or more ionic species, a polymeric viscosifying agent carrying a first ionic charge, and an ionic surfactant carrying a second ionic charge that is the opposite of the first ionic charge; and introducing the treatment fluid into a well bore penetrating at least a portion of a subterranean formation.

Abstract: A treatment fluid that includes an aqueous fluid, an inorganic acid, and a hydrophobically modified quaternized polysaccharide may be useful in mitigating corrosion of metal surfaces by the inorganic acid. For example, a wellbore operation may include introducing the treatment fluid into a wellbore penetrating a subterranean formation and contacting a metal surface with a treatment fluid.

Abstract: A borole compound is represented by Formula 1: X11—(R11)b11. X11, R11, and b11 are as defined herein. An organic light-emitting device includes the borole compound. The organic light-emitting device includes a first electrode, a second electrode, and an organic layer between the first electrode and the second electrode, the organic layer including an emission layer. The organic layer includes the borole compound.

Abstract: There are provided a phosphor which is a divalent europium-activated oxynitride phosphor substantially represented by General formula (A): EuaSibAlcOdNe, a divalent europium-activated oxynitride phosphor substantially represented by General formula (B): MIfEugSihAlkOmNn or a divalent europium-activated nitride phosphor substantially represented by General formula (C): (MII1-pEup)MIIISiN3, having a reflectance of light emission in a longer wavelength region of visible light than a peak wavelength of 95% or larger, and a method of producing such phosphor; a nitride phosphor and an oxynitride phosphor which emit light efficiently and stably by the light having a wavelength ranging from 430 to 480 nm from a semiconductor light emitting device by means of a light emitting apparatus using such phosphor, and a producing method of such phosphor; and a light emitting apparatus having stable characteristics and realizing high efficiency.

Abstract: A method of increasing the luminescence efficiency of titanium-doped oxide crystal, used as a laser material, is disclosed. This is accomplished by tempering the crystal at a temperature from 1750° C. to 50° C. below the melting point of the oxide crystal in a hydrogen protecting atmosphere with a constant partial pressure of the aluminium suboxide Al2O gas. By applying the method of the present invention, its luminescence efficiency of titanium-doped oxide crystal increases by 10 to 50 percent, and possibly by as much as 100 percent or more compared to previous technological treatments.

Abstract: A method is presented for storage and on-demand release of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles produced by this method can be dried and stored for an extended period of time and subsequently released on-demand in a solvent of choice to form stable suspensions without the need for additional surfactants or stabilizers and without any loss in functionality or material properties. This method can be used to store various categories of nanomaterials including metals, metal oxides, metal chalcogenides, magnetic, polymeric and semiconductor nanoparticles.

Abstract: A method of preparing a solution capable of etching a platable plastic. The method comprises the steps of: (a) providing an electrolyte comprising a solution of manganese(II) in a solution of 9 to 15 molar sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid to an electrolytic cell; (b) applying a current to the electrolytic cell, wherein the electrolytic cell comprises an anode and a cathode; and (c) oxidizing the electrolyte to form manganese(III) ions, wherein the manganese(III) ions form a metastable sulfate complex. Thereafter, a platable plastic may be immersed in the metastable sulfate complex for a period of time to etch the platable substrate prior to subsequent plating steps.

Abstract: The present application relates to a liquid-crystalline material which comprises at least one dye compound and at least one compound of a formula (IA) or (IB). The liquid-crystalline material is suitable for use in optical switching devices, in particular in devices for the homogeneous regulation of the passage of light through an area.

Abstract: The device for the continuous processing of used or otherwise degraded tires consists of a reactor (1) for the thermal decomposition of these waste tires into the organic decomposition products in the form of low molecular hydrocarbons, and residual inorganic waste shares. In the upper part of the reactor (1) there is created a filling chamber (2) with a pair of filling closures (3) for filling its internal space by the waste tires and in the bottom part of the reactor (1) there is formed the output chamber (8) of the residual inorganic shares with a pair of output closures (9), while in the lower part of the reactor (1) there are arranged the nozzles (5) for generating of a mild gaseous inert medium by oxidation of unreacted residues of organic matter from the processed tires.

Abstract: A reactor is provided for the preparation of modified bitumen, which reactor comprises a horizontal housing comprising a cylindrical wall and two side walls, wherein a bitumen inlet has been provided at or near one of the side walls of the housing and a bitumen product outlet has been provided at or near the opposite side wall of the housing, wherein a plurality of inlets for the provision of oxygen-containing gas has been provided in the cylindrical wall of the housing between the bitumen inlet and the bitumen product outlet, which multi-purpose reactor is further provided with a mixer arranged inside the housing comprising at least one rotor rotating within at least one stator having a plurality of openings. The reaction is used to prepare modified bitumen by contacting bitumen in the reactor with a modified elevated temperature and pressure.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for direct liquefaction of biomass. The method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing a biomass, a hydrogenation catalyst and a hydrogen-donor solvent to prepare a biomass slurry; (2) carrying out a first liquefaction reaction with the biomass slurry and hydrogen gas to obtain a first reaction product; (3) carrying out a second liquefaction reaction with the first reaction product and hydrogen gas to obtain a second reaction product; (4) subjecting the second reaction product to a first gas-liquid separation at a temperature of 290-460 DEG C. to produce a first liquid phase and a first gas phase; (5) subjecting the first gas phase to a second gas-liquid separation at a temperature of 30-60 DEG C.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to improved catalysts that provide for reduced product contaminants, related methods and improved reaction products. It more specifically relates to improved direct fuel production and redox catalysts that provide for reduced levels of certain oxygenated contaminants, methods related to the use of those catalysts, and hydrocarbon fuel or fuel-related products that have improved characteristics. In one aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of converting one or more carbon-containing feedstocks into one or more hydrocarbon liquid fuels. The method includes the steps of: converting the one or more carbon-containing feedstocks into syngas; and, converting the syngas to one or more hydrocarbons (including liquid fuels) and a water fraction. The water fraction comprises less than 500 ppm of one or more carboxylic acids.

Abstract: A unique process and catalyst is described that operates efficiently for the direct production of a high cetane diesel type fuel or diesel type blending stock from stochiometric mixtures of hydrogen and carbon monoxide. This invention allows for, but is not limited to, the economical and efficient production high quality diesel type fuels from small or distributed fuel production plants that have an annual production capacity of less than 10,000 barrels of product per day, by eliminating traditional wax upgrading processes. This catalytic process is ideal for distributed diesel fuel production plants such as gas to liquids production and other applications that require optimized economics based on supporting distributed feedstock resources.

Abstract: Improved separation of oil and water as well as suspended solids from the emulsion layer formed in a petroleum desalter is achieved by injection of demulsifier into the desalter vessel to achieve a higher localized concentration of demulsifier in the emulsion layer so as to promote improved oil/water separation from the emulsion layer. The demulsifier may be injected into the water layer or the oil layer in the region of the emulsion layer or directly into the stabilized emulsion layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to injecting steam into crude oil for several benefits, primarily of which is to remove salt by transferring the salt into the condensed water from the steam. Steam transfers salt via a different transfer mechanism and therefore doesn't require the high shear mixing of conventional water injection systems. As such, steam injection through a variety of procedures, is more efficient at gathering salt into water that itself is easier to remove from the crude oil.

Abstract: In a method of hydroprocessing, hydrogen gas for the hydroprocessing reaction is combined with a liquid feed composition comprising a feedstock to be treated and a diluent to form a feed stream, at least a portion of the hydrogen gas being dissolved in the liquid feed composition of the feed stream, with non-dissolved hydrogen gas being present in the feed stream in an amount of from 1 to 70 SCF/bbl of the liquid feed composition. The feed stream is contacted with a hydroprocessing catalyst, within a reactor while maintaining a liquid mass flux within the reactor of at least 5000 lb/hr·ft2 to form a hydroprocessed product.

Abstract: Integrated gas oil separation plant systems and methods are disclosed. Systems and methods include treating a crude oil inlet feed stream with a high pressure production trap (HPPT), a low pressure production trap (LPPT), a low pressure degassing tank (LPDT), a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a LPPT recycle water stream, a fresh wash water supply stream, and a LPDT recycle water stream, where the LPDT recycle water stream is operable to supply recycle water from the LPDT to an output stream from the HPPT to form the LPPT inlet feed stream.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an integrated process to convert crude oil into petrochemical products comprising crude oil distillation, dearomatization, ring opening, and olefins synthesis, which process comprises subjecting a hydrocarbon feed to dearomatization to produce a first stream enriched in aromatic hydrocarbons and naphthenic hydrocarbons and a second stream enriched in alkanes; subjecting a stream enriched in aromatic hydrocarbons and naphthenic hydrocarbons to ring opening to produce alkanes; and subjecting refinery unit-derived alkanes produced in the process to olefins synthesis.

Abstract: In a process for reducing the level of benzene in a refinery gasoline feed containing benzene and at least one C4+ olefin, the feed is contacted with a first alkylation catalyst under conditions effective to react at least part of the C4+ olefin and benzene in the refinery gasoline feed and produce a first effluent containing C10+ hydrocarbons. At least part of the C10+ hydrocarbons is removed from the first effluent to produce a second effluent, which is then contacted with an alkylating agent selected from one or more C2 to C5 olefins in the presence of a second alkylation catalyst to produce a third effluent which has reduced benzene content as compared with the second effluent.

Abstract: A heat receiver, a reactor, and a heater utilize the heat of concentrated solar light for thermal decomposition and/or chemical reaction of coals, etc. The heat receiver includes: a side portion forming a substantially cylindrical side surface; a substantially circular bottom portion connected to the lower edge of the side portion; and a ceiling connected to the upper edge of the side portion. A substantially circular aperture is formed in the center of the ceiling. The heat receiver has a substantially cylindrical cavity and the opening portion is open. When the cavity has a diameter of D and a length of L, and the aperture has a diameter of d, d=D/2 or less and L=2D or more. Concentrated solar light entering the heat receiver is to be contained in the heat receiver to effectively utilize the solar light.

Abstract: GCI fuel compositions and methods of making them are described. The GCI fuel compositions comprises a fuel blend having an initial boiling point in a range of about 26° C. to about 38° C. and a final boiling point in a range of about 193° C. to less than 250° C., a density of about 0.72 kg/l to about 0.8 kg/l at 15° C., a research octane number of about 70 to about 85, and a cetane number of less than about 27, the fuel blend comprising a naphtha stream and a kerosene stream.

Abstract: Unleaded aviation gasoline. An aviation gasoline fuel blend includes an unleaded aviation gasoline base fuel, with an effective amount of selected alkyl benzenes to improve the functional engine performance to avoid harmful detonation sufficient to meet or exceed selected standards for detonation performance requirements in full scale aircraft piston spark ignition engines designed for use with Grade 100LL avgas. Selected alkyl benzenes such as 1,3-dimethylbenzene, and/or 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene, or other mixtures thereof, may be used. Suitable alkylated benzenes may include a mixture of xylene isomers. Aromatic amines, such as m-toluidine, may also be added to increase MON. Base fuels may be a high quality aviation alkylate, or may be a commercial iso-octane, or a mixture of high quality aviation alkylate enhanced by commercial iso-octane, and may include iso-pentane or butane or both iso-pentane and butane in sufficient quantity to provide appropriate vapor pressure for the final fuel blend.

Abstract: A compound represented by the formula: wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of (i) substituted or unsubstituted alkyl with C=0 to 12 inclusive; wherein X1, X2, X3 and X4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl groups and hydrogen; wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl, alkylaryl groups and hydrogen; and wherein one of R1 and R2 and one of R3 and R4 may optionally be bridged by a polymethylene group to form a cycloalkyl; wherein when C=0 in R, the combined group R1 R2 is the same as the combined group R3 R4; and wherein when C=1 in R, each of R1, R2, R3, and R4 are hydrogen.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for epilamization of at least one portion of a substrate surface comprising the steps of: a) preparing an epilame agent b) optionally, preparing the substrate surface c) placing the substrate and the epilame agent in a chamber at ambient pressure d) introducing CO2 into the hermetically sealed chamber at a pressure comprised between 25 bar and 74 bar and at a temperature comprised between 10° C. and 80° C. for a duration comprised between 1 minute and 30 minutes, e) reducing the pressure in the chamber, and f) removing the epilamized substrate from the chamber.

Abstract: A lubricating composition includes an oil of lubricating viscosity and an N-substituted hydroxyaromatic succinimide or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to conveyor lubricant compositions including an emulsion. The present disclosure also relates to methods of employing such lubricant compositions. In an embodiment, the methods include applying the present lubricant composition to a conveyor with a non-energized nozzle. In an embodiment, the methods include applying the present lubricant composition in a “semi-dry” mode.

Abstract: The present invention relates to rice oil, rice bran and rice seeds which have altered levels of oleic acid, palmitic acid and/or linoleic acid. The present invention also provides methods for genetically modifying rice plants such that rice oil, rice bran and rice seeds produced therefrom have altered levels of oleic acid, palmitic acid and/or linoleic acid. Specifically this is achieved through modulation of Fad2 and/or FatB expression.

Abstract: The present invention relates to microcapsules delivering long lasting and intense vanilla-based odor note. More particularly, the present invention concerns a microcapsule comprising between 10% and 30% by weight, relative to the total weight of the microcapsule, of a particular perfuming ingredient imparting a vanilla-based odor note, which can be used in perfuming compositions and perfuming consumer products.

Abstract: This invention relates to the development of processes for the preparation of functionalized castor oil derivatives namely ring-opened glyceryl ricinoleates, epoxy alkyl ricinoleates and ring-opened alkyl ricinoleates with tailorable properties from epoxidized castor oil as raw material using heterogeneous acid and base catalysts. More particularly, the invention employs two reaction chemistries namely ring-opening and transesterification using Amberlyst 15 as solid acid catalyst for the former and oxides derived from CaAl layered double hydroxide (CaAl-LDH) as solid base catalyst for the latter and combinations thereof. Furthermore, both the catalysts are reusable and the products are easily separable after the reaction by simple physical processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions comprising protease variants suitable for use in cleaning or detergent compositions, such as laundry detergent compositions and dish wash compositions, including automatic dish wash compositions.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the use of activator complexes to enhance lower temperature cleaning in alkaline peroxide cleaning systems. Compositions including at least one of an activator complex, an active oxygen source, and a source of alkalinity are applied to the surface to be cleaned at temperatures between about 5° C. and about 50° C. The methods and compositions of the present invention provide for enhanced soil removal with reduced energy, water, and chemistry consumption.

Abstract: A method for removing polymerized soil by adding to the soil a composition which includes: (a) from 4 to 30 wt % of a hydroxide or alkoxide, (b) from 10 to 96 wt % of a C1-C12 primary alcohol; and (c) from 0 to 75 wt % of an organic solvent which is not a C1-C12 primary alcohol; wherein the composition contains no more than 40 wt % water.

Abstract: The invention provides a substrate detergent composition used for cleaning a surface of a substrate, comprising: (A) A quaternary ammonium salt: 0.1 to 2.0% by mass; (B) Water: 0.1 to 4.0% by mass; and (C) An organic solvent: 94.0 to 99.8% by mass. There can be provided a substrate detergent composition used for cleaning a surface of a substrate contaminated with a silicone component whose water contact angle is 100° or more.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for making soap bar compositions comprising bar matrix comprising predominantly long chain length soap and interspersed regions comprising predominantly shorter chain soaps. The novel bars of the invention are sufficiently hard to survive large scale manufacturing while simultaneously delivering benefits of significant foam value enhancement, for example, due to delivery of short-chain soaps from concentrated regions. Surprisingly, even when soaps in concentrated regions comprise small percentage of overall soap used, they form observable kappa phase pattern.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a process of washing fabrics using a water-soluble unit dose article.

Abstract: A disposable, single-use wipe that can be used deodorize, disinfect, and/or sterilize an object. A holder may be used to create or energize one or more treatment agent in a wipe to improve its efficacy. A wipe includes a flexible membrane or cloth-like element that may apply, distribute, and/or remove a treatment agent to, over, or from a surface of the object. An enhanced treatment agent, such as peracetic acid, may be applied to the surface subsequent to being formed in the wipe as a result of installation of the wipe onto a holder, or otherwise activating the wipe. A holder may include a rechargeable reservoir to contain and apply a synergistic treatment agent to the wipe to create the enhanced treatment agent.

Abstract: This disclosure describes techniques to optimize dewatering process in a production facility. A process separates components in a mixture by using a separation device and a dewatering device. The process receives the mixture of liquids and solids, and separates out suspended solids from the mixture of liquids and solids by using the separation device, wherein a liquid with insoluble solids stream is created. The process dewaters the liquid with insoluble solids stream by using the dewatering device to produce a liquid with small particles stream and insoluble solids having particle sizes that are greater than about 20 microns to about 1000 microns.

Abstract: Arrays of closely-spaced holes or cross-grain grooves are formed on the inside surfaces of the staves of a barrel, and/or on an elongated wooden member to greatly increase the amount of end grain wood exposed to the liquid and thereby increase the rate of aging the liquid. The holes and grooves in the staves extend only pa.it-way through the wood in order to maintain the structural integrity of the staves. The amount of end grain wood exposed is selected to produce the desired degree of aging in the desired amount of time. Used barrels can be reconstructed by cutting grooves in the inside surface of the barrel's side wall to expose new end grain wood To produce aging during re-use of the barrel.