Abstract: The present invention has a purpose of providing a novel ?-galactosidase enzyme useful for the production of oligosaccharides. Disclosed is a ?-galactosidase enzyme comprising the amino acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 1 to 4 or an amino acid sequence that is 80% or more identical to said amino acid sequence.

Abstract: Described herein are recombinant microbial host cells comprising biosynthetic pathways and their use in producing oxidation products and downstream products, e.g., melatonin and related compounds, as well as enzyme variants, nucleic acids, vectors and methods useful for preparing and using such cells. In specific aspects, the present invention relates to monooxygenases, e.g., amino acid hydroxylases, with a modified cofactor-dependency, and to enzyme variants and microbial cells providing for an improved supply of cofactors.

Abstract: Provided is a microorganism that is able to efficiently produce protocatechuic acid or a salt thereof by using a saccharide as a raw material, and a method of efficiently producing protocatechuic acid or a salt thereof by using the microorganism. Provided is a transformant having protocatechuic acid producing ability, subjected to modifications (A), (B), and (C) below: (A) enhancement of 3-dehydroshikimate dehydratase activity; (B) enhancement of chorismate pyruvate lyase activity; and (C) enhancement of 4-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase activity. Also provided is a method of producing protocatechuic acid or a salt thereof, including the step of culturing the transformant in a reaction solution containing a saccharide so as to cause the transformant to produce protocatechuic acid or a salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel mutants with cyclase activity and use thereof in a method for biocatalytic cyclization of terpenes, such as in particular for the production of isopulegol by cyclization of citronellal; a method for the preparation of menthol and methods for the biocatalytic conversion of further compounds with structural motifs similar to terpene.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cell reprogramming method using a physical stimulation-mediated environmental influx, and more specifically, by subjecting differentiated or non-differentiated cells to physical stimulation which can promote an environmental influx, such as ultrasonic waves, laser or heat shock, without the introduction of a reprogramming-inducing factor or a chemical substance to the differentiated cells, the cells can be reprogrammed with just the imposition of an external environmental influx into pluripotent cells or arbitrary differentiated cells having a different expression type from the differentiated or non-differentiated cells, and as such an inducement has a simple and effective production process, the possibility of an autogenic cell therapy can be made greater.

Abstract: A method for directed exaptation includes dividing an original microorganism monoculture into subcultures that are subjected to different exaptation agents to obtain diversified substrains. At least one of the exaptation agents is selected to favor survival of sub strains exhibiting desired traits. The steps of dividing and subjecting may be iterated using at least some of the diversified substrains. Performance of diversified substrains is assessed and those that meet performance criteria for at least one desired trait are selected. Exaptation agents may include mutagenesis agents, training, horizontal gene transfer opportunities, and stressors. Substrains may be co-incubated with other living or dead microorganisms known to be preferentially adapted to have the desired trait. Diversified substrains may be combined into a multiculture microorganism population, to which microorganisms from the original monoculture may be added.

Abstract: A method for genetic transformation of edible mushrooms is provided relating to the technical field of genetic transformation of Agaricus bisporus, enoki mushroom and shiitake. The disclosed method for genetic transformation of Agaricus bisporus includes: inoculating Agaricus bisporus liquid mycelia into a foxtail-millet-grain culture medium, and pre-culturing them at 20-25° C. until Agaricus bisporus mycelia grow on surfaces of foxtail millet grains. This method uses the foxtail millet grains as an attachment matrix, and during the pre-culturing and co-culturing, the culture substrate is shaken up every day. The method for genetic transformation of enoki mushroom or shiitake includes: inoculation of enoki mushroom mycelia or shiitake mycelia, activated culturing of agrobacterium, and agrobacterium infecting a foxtail millet grain-enoki mushroom mycelium matrix or a foxtail millet grain-shiitake mycelium matrix.

Abstract: The present invention relates to assays and methods for target analyte (e.g., allergen) detection in a sample using aptamer-magnetic particle complexes.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for isolating cell-type specific mRNAs by selectively isolating ribosomes or proteins that bind mRNA in a cell type specific manner, and, thereby, the mRNA hound to the ribosomes or proteins that bind mRNA. Ribosomes, which are riboprotein complexes, bind mRNA that is being actively translated in cells. According to the methods of the invention, cells are engineered to express a molecularly tagged ribosomal protein or protein that binds mRNA by introducing into the cell a nucleic acid comprising a nucleotide sequence encoding a ribosomal protein or protein that binds mRNA fused to a nucleotide sequence encoding a peptide tag. The tagged ribosome or mRNA binding protein can then be isolated, along with the mRNA bound to the tagged ribosome or mRNA binding protein, and the mRNA isolated and further used for gene expression analysis.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a strand-specific library from an nucleic acid or preferably RNA sample, for RNA comprising the steps of: (i) optionally fragmenting said RNA sample, (ii) generating a plurality of first cDNA strands by subjecting said fragmented RNA to reverse transcription by using a reverse transcriptase and first oligonucleotide primers, (iii) generating a plurality of second cDNA strands by using a DNA polymerase, second oligonucleotide primers, and the plurality of first cDNA strands, and (iv) ligating adapters to the 3? and 5? termini of the of double-stranded cDNA, (v) wherein the first cDNA strand allows no adapter ligation at its 5? terminus and said second cDNA strand allows adapter ligation at its 5? terminus, or vice versa, and, (v) optionally cloning, sequencing or otherwise using the strand-specific library.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a multi siRNA complex with increased intracellular transmission capacity and a multi-functional nucleic acid structure complex. The siRNA complex and multi-functional nucleic acid structure complex according to the invention have the advantage of having a novel structure that enables easier chemical synthesis compared to the existing shRNA system used to inhibit expression of a plurality of target genes and also enabling the inhibition of the expression of a plurality of genes at enhanced efficiencies compared to the existing siRNA. In addition, because it has high intracellular transmission capacity and also enables inhibition of the expression of target genes specifically without incurring non-specific antiviral reactions, it is very useful as the therapeutic agent mediated by the siRNA mechanism to treat cancer or viral infection.

Abstract: The invention provides compositions and in vivo, ex vivo and in vitro methods for trans-differentiation of or re-programming mammalian cells to functional neurons. In particular, the invention provides methods for engineering non-neuronal cells into neurons, including fully functional human neuronal cells, and methods for engineering non-neuronal cells into neurons, e.g., fully functional human neuronal cells, in the brain to treat a neurodegenerative disease. In alternative embodiments, the invention provides compositions comprising re-differentiated or re-programmed mammalian cells, such as human cells, of the invention. The invention also provides compositions and methods for direct reprogramming of cells to a second phenotype or differentiated phenotype, such as a neuron, including a fully functional human neuronal cell.

Abstract: The invention relates to double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) compositions targeting the LECT2 gene, and methods of using such dsRNA compositions to alter (e.g., inhibit) expression of LECT2.

Abstract: Provided are a method for constructing a suppressor tRNA, and 19 suppressor tRNAs corresponding to three termination codons, a plasmid, a vector or a kit comprising the above-mentioned tRNA. Also provided are use of the above-mentioned tRNA, plasmid, vector or kit in the manufacture of a medicament for treating a hereditary disease or a cancer caused by a nonsense mutation of a gene. Also provided are a method for evaluating the efficiency of a suppressor tRNA for reading through a nonsense mutation, and a method for restoring the expression of a truncated protein of a nonsense mutant of a pathogenic gene in a monogenic hereditary disease and a tumor suppressor gene in a tumor cell.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a compound comprising a modified saccharide moiety conjugated to a nucleic acid. The compound is useful in medicine for RNA interference therapy or for research and diagnostic purposes. In particular, the compound is useful in treating liver disease.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide novel miR-143 derivatives described herein that can be used as oligonucleotide therapeutics.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for inactivating a therapeutic polynucleotide in a host cell, comprising (a) contacting said host cell with a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) RNA (gRNA) specifically hybridizing to said therapeutic polynucleotide and with a CRISPR-associated endonuclease, and, thereby, (b) inactivating said therapeutic polynucleotide.

Abstract: The. invention relates to a method for inducing or promoting skipping of exon 45 of DMD pre-mRNA in a Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy patient, preferably in an isolated (muscle) cell, the method comprising providing said cell with an antisense molecule that binds to a continuous stretch of at least 21 nucleotides within said exon. The invention further relates to such antisense molecule used in said method.

Abstract: The invention relates to the novel long non-coding BARD1 RNA molecule BARD1 9?L, siRNAs for therapeutic use and methods for the detection of BARD1 9?L as well as a promoters driving the expression of BARD1 9?L.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods and compositions for enhancing backscattering interferometry (BSI) in detection of biomolecular interactions, particularly to methods and compositions for enhancing BSI utilizing label-free aptamers, and more particularly to methods and compositions for enhancing BSI utilizing high conformational change aptamers, which may change in conformation when the aptamers bind to their target molecules.

Abstract: The presently-disclosed subject matter relates to RNA-based composition and method to treat breast cancer in a subject. More particularly, the presently disclosed subject matter relates to a RNA nanostructure and composition containing a multiple branched RNA nanoparticle, a breast cancer targeting module, and an effective amount of a breast cancer therapeutic agent. Further, the presently disclosed subject matter relates to a method of using the RNA nanoparticle composition to treat breast cancer in a subject having or at risk of having breast cancer.

Abstract: Provided is a single-stranded oligonucleotide that is capable of controlling a target gene with high efficiency and can be easily produced. The single-stranded oligonucleotide is represented by the formula X-L-Y wherein X and Y hybridize by a first nucleotide sequence portion and a second nucleotide sequence portion. X is composed of 7 to 100 nucleotides, contains at least one modified nucleotide, and has a first nucleotide sequence that is capable of hybridizing with a second oligonucleotide and contains at least four contiguous nucleotides recognized by RNase H. Y is composed of 4 to 100 nucleotides, and has a second nucleotide sequence that is capable of hybridizing with a second oligonucleotide and contains at least one ribonucleotide. At least one of nucleotide sequence X and nucleotide sequence Y has an antisense sequence capable of hybridizing with a target RNA. L is a group derived from a third oligonucleotide that is degraded under physiological conditions.

Abstract: An active agent capable of reducing quinone reductase 2 activity is for use in improvement of cognition in a subject. Such an active agent can be a nucleic acid molecule that reduces the gene expression level of quinone reductase 2 or an inhibitor of quinone reductase 2 activity. A pharmaceutical composition can contain the active agent or a vector containing the active agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to double-stranded ribonucleic acid (dsRNA) compositions targeting the TMPRSS6 gene, and methods of using such dsRNA compositions to inhibit expression of TMPRSS6.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a genetically engineered bacteria that relieves the catabolite repression problem exerted by the Spot 42 small regulatory RNA by adding a galactokinase that does not contain the Spot 42 binding region. As such, galK and galM and the like can be expressed allow better galactose utilization.

Abstract: A xylosidase having improved enzymatic activity is disclosed. The amino acid sequence of the xylosidase is a modified amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 2, wherein the modification is a substitution of phenylalanine at position 35 with glutamate, and/or a substitution of glutamine at position 41 with histidine.

Abstract: Provided are a composition for solubilizing a target protein, including an expression cassette including a promoter and a gene encoding a fusion protein of a chaperone and an RNA-binding domain or an expression vector including the expression cassette; a transformant including the expression cassette or the expression vector; a kit including the composition or the transformant; and a method for producing the target protein by using the same.

Abstract: A microbial oil is obtained from Labyrinthulomycetes in which a gene for fatty acid biosynthesis has been disrupted or an expression of the gene has been inhibited to highly accumulate the fatty acid. The microbial oil typically contains: (a) 1.5% or more of arachidonic acid (AA) based on a total amount of fatty acid; (b) 0.2% or more of dihomo-?-linolenic acid (DGLA) based on the total amount of fatty acid; (c) 0.04% or more of eicosatetraenoic acid (ETA) based on the total amount of fatty acid; (d) 3.8% or more of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) based on the total amount of fatty acid; (e) 13.7% or less of n-6 docosapentaenoic acid (n-6DPA) based on the total amount of fatty acid; and (f) 43.9% or less of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) based on the total amount of fatty acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to RImA-inactivated filamentous fungal cells secreting a polypeptide of interest and methods of producing a secreted polypeptide of interest in said cells as well as methods of producing said cells.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to vectors for cloning and expressing genetic material including but not limiting to antibody gene or parts thereof and methods of generating said vectors. Said vectors express the antibody genes in different formats such as Fab or scFv as a part of intertransfer system, intratransfer system or direct cloning and expression in individual display systems. In particular, phage display technology is used to clone and screen potential antibody genes in phagemid which is followed by the transfer of said genes to yeast vector for further screening and identification of lead molecules against antigens. The present vectors have numerous advantages including uniquely designed inserts/expression cassettes resulting in efficient and smooth transfer of clonal population from phage to yeast vectors resulting in efficient library preparation and identification of lead molecules.

Abstract: Methods for producing heterologous multi-subunit proteins in transformed cells are disclosed. In particular, the present disclosure provides improved methods of producing multi-subunit proteins, including antibodies and other multi-subunit proteins, which may or may not be secreted, with a higher yield and decreased production of undesired side-products. In exemplary embodiments, the transformed cells are a yeast, e.g., methylotrophic yeast such as Pichia pastoris.

Abstract: A genetic engineering process of fibrous plant comprising bast fibres. The process comprises the steps of (a) identification of the bast fibre promoter and (b) amplification of the bast fibre promoter. The process is remarkable in that it further comprises the step (c) of preparing a gene cassette by fusing the bast fibre promoter with at least one gene coding for a surface-active protein. Additionally, the fibrous plant obtained by the genetic engineering process. The fibrous plant is remarkable in that it comprises surface-active proteins.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a plant of the genus cannabis that does not require flowering in order to produce trichomes comprising secondary compounds. Provided herein is a plant of the genus cannabis that has trichomes on non-flowering parts of the plant, such as leaves. The disclosed plants have a high mass % of secondary compounds and a high degree of trichome coverage on the surface of the plant. Also disclosed herein are methods of producing secondary compounds from a plant of genus cannabis without flowering the plant of genus cannabis. For example, the disclosed methods provide for inducing trichome development on a plant of genus cannabis without flowering the plant of genus cannabis.

Abstract: Provided are isolated polynucleotides encoding a polypeptide at least 80% homologous to the amino acid sequence selected from the group consisting of SEQ ID NOs: 757, 456-756, 758-774, 8385-10836, and 10838-14462; and isolated polynucleotide comprising nucleic acid sequences at least 80% identical to SEQ ID NO: 377, 1-376, 378-455, and 775-8384. Also provided are nucleic acid constructs comprising same, isolated polypeptides encoded thereby, transgenic cells and transgenic plants comprising same and methods of using same for increasing yield, biomass, growth rate, vigor, oil content, fiber yield, fiber quality, abiotic stress tolerance, and/or nitrogen use efficiency of a plant.

Abstract: The present invention provides compositions for attenuating the function of atypical CYS HIS rich thioredoxin 4 (ACHT4), a light-regulated protein expressed in plants and algae that controls starch storage in chloroplast, and methods for increasing plant and algae growth and yield.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods of altering expression of a genomic locus of interest or specifically targeting a genomic locus of interest in a plant cell, which may involve contacting the genomic locus with a non-naturally occurring or engineered composition that comprises a DNA binding domain comprising one or more Transcription Activator-Like (TAL) effector monomers specifically ordered to target the genomic locus of interest to improve tolerance of the plant cell to an effective concentration of an inhibitor herbicide.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides maize plants exhibiting broad spectrum resistance to Northern Leaf Blight (NLB). Maize plants with multiple NLB resistance loci located in cis linkage on chromosome 8 are provided. Compositions, including novel polymorphic markers and methods for producing, breeding, identifying, and selecting plants or germplasm with a disease resistance phenotype are further provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides nucleic acid, vectors, viruses, and recombinant cells comprising triple-stranded structures, such as those resulting from central initiation and termination of HIV-1 reverse transcription at the center of HIV-1 linear DNA genomes. These triplex structures can act as a cis-determinant of HIV-1 DNA nuclear import, allowing infection of non-dividing target cells. In one aspect, the presence of the DNA triplex sequence in an HIV vector strongly stimulates gene transfer in hematopoietic stem cells. The invention also provides methods of using these triplex structures for making recombinant cells, as well as methods of using the recombinant cells to express proteins of interest both in vitro and in vivo.

Abstract: Provided are a method for establishing a lentiviral vector system capable of directly reflecting type I interferon response, and applications thereof. The method for establishing the lentiviral vector system comprises: cutting a Gaussia luciferase at the position of amino acid 109, removing 16 amino acids from N-terminus, and cloning the two polypeptides into a lentiviral vector to form a lentiviral BiLC expression vector; and cloning a shuttle plasmid of pEntry-IRF3 or pEntry-IRF5 or pEntry-IRF7 by homologous recombination into the lentiviral BiLC expression vector, so as to construct a lentiviral vector IRF3-BiLC or IRF5-BiLC or IRF7-BiLC capable of directly reflecting type I interferon response.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to methods, kits, and compositions for improving the efficiency of homologous recombination. In particular, the disclosure relates to methods for cloning DNA molecules directly into a genome with the combined use of promoter trapping and short homology arms, nuclear localization signal, and/or binding one or more DNA binding agents (TAL effector domain or truncated guide RNA bound by Cas9) to specific sites thereby displacing or restructuring chromatin at the target locus, and/or it increasing the accessibility of the target locus to further enzymatic modifications. The methods and compositions provided herein are, inter alia, useful for genome editing and enhancing enzymatic processes involved therein.

Abstract: The present invention relates to stable and high-producing site-specific integration (SSI) host cells, e. g. Chinese hamster ovary (CHO)-derived host cells, methods to produce and to use them.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to the transformed Synechococcus elongatus strain of capable of mass production of farnesene. The transformed Synechococcus elongatus strain of the present disclosure is characterized by having the ability to mass produce farnesene using carbon dioxide as an independent carbon source. In particular, the Synechococcus elongatus strain is economically effective because it uses carbon dioxide present in light and air as a carbon source. There is an eco-friendly effect since it can be used for eliminating or reducing carbon dioxide in the atmosphere using microorganisms. Further, the strain of the present disclosure has a rapid growth rate and excellent ability to fix carbon dioxide compared with other microorganisms, thereby being utilized in various fields such as food, medicine, pharmacy, biofuel, and chemistry.

Abstract: A process for the use of peracid compositions to eliminate and/or control the growth of undesirable bacteria, including contaminating bacteria, in the fermentation production of alcohol is disclosed. Beneficially, the peracid compositions and methods of use of the same do not interfere or inhibit the growth or replication of yeast and have low or no adverse environmental impact.

Abstract: The embodiments presented herein provide for a method for the production of a substantially non-racemic ketone ester of beta hydroxybutyrate comprising the steps of reacting one part hydroxybutyrate ester with two parts racemic 1,3-butanediol in the presence of a stereoselective lipase.

Abstract: The invention provides microorganisms and methods for the production of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) from gaseous substrates. In particular, the invention provides a non-naturally occurring Wood-Ljungdahl microorganism comprising (a) an enzyme that converts acetyl-CoA to acetoacetyl-CoA, (b) an enzyme that converts acetoacetyl-CoA to 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA, and (c) an enzyme that converts 3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA to polyhydroxybutyrate, and methods related thereto.

Abstract: Provided are methods and yeast cultures for producing polyol lipids and polyol lipid compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to metabolically engineered microorganism strains, such as bacterial strains, in which there is an increased utilization of malonyl-CoA for production of a chemical product, which includes 3-hydroxypropionic acid.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a microorganism for producing diamine, in which activity of a protein having an amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6 or an amino acid sequence having 55% or higher sequence homology with SEQ ID NO: 6 is introduced or enhanced, and a method of producing diamine using the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a recombinant nucleic acid molecule, a recombinant micro-organism, to a method for producing alanine and to the use of the recombinant nucleic acid molecule or the recombinant microorganism for the fermentative production of alanine.

Abstract: Method of and system for producing the highest concentration of a syrup (e.g., 80% dry matter) using a dry milling process are provided, which include (a) using backend grinding steps and devices for grinding thin stillage, (b) using a clean thin stillage system with two-disc centrifuges and two protein decanters, (c) adding an enriched syrup back to the syrup or evaporator, and (d) splitting two dryers into two independent parallel dryers using one dryer as a protein dryer and the other as a DDG dryer for producing DDGS.