Abstract: The invention relates to the field of virology. The invention provides an isolated essentially mammalian negative-sense single-stranded RNA virus (MPV) within the subfamily Pneumovirinae of the family Paramyxoviridae and identifiable as phylogenetically corresponding to the genus Metapneumovirus and components thereof.

Abstract: Freeze-resistant baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) strains and uses thereof. For example, for the preparation of fresh or frozen dough products, e.g., bread. The freeze-resistant baker's yeast strains, which are, e.g., obtainable from specific deposited strains, e.g., by breeding these strains with each other or with other Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. Methods of using said strains or methods of preparing a dough or a dough product or a yeast product are also provided.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a strain S. cerevisiae M 2016785 producing high concentration of ?-phenylethanol and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of industrial microorganisms. The strain S. cerevisiae M 2016785 producing high concentration of ?-phenylethanol according to the present invention was deposited in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) on Dec. 26, 2016 with the accession number OF CCTCC NO: M 2016785. The strain of the present invention has the high ?-phenylethanol production capacity, and is applied in the fermentation of Huangjiu, the fermentation of cooking wine, the brewing of vinegar, the fermentation of soybean sauce and the fermentation of Baijiu, in which the content of ?-phenylethanol can reach 410 mg/L, 450 mg/L, 300 mg/L, 200 mg/L, 110 mg/L and 370 mg/L respectively, and effectively increases the concentration of the flavor substance such as 2-phenylethyl acetate.

Abstract: A blowing lance tip includes a central stirring gas-supply tube, an inner coolant-inlet tube ending, at one end thereof facing the bath, in a second front wall and having a central opening, an outer coolant-outlet tube, a heat exchange space, and a stirring gas-outlet pipe leading from each opening in the front wall, wherein the second front wall has, at the central opening, an edge which is curved in axial cross-section such that a height (H3) is defined between a leading face of said edge and the third front wall, and such that, in the heat exchange space, a predetermined minimum height (H1) is present on the side facing the central opening.

Abstract: A heat treatment technique may include heating an alloy component to a temperature above a transition temperature of the alloy or heating an alloy component to a temperature below the transition temperature of the alloy. The heat treatment technique further may include cooling a first portion of the alloy component at a first cooling rate, and cooling a second portion of the alloy component at a second cooling rate different than the first rate. The first cooling rate may result in formation of a plurality of first precipitate phase domains comprising a first average size in the first portion, and the second cooling rate may result in formation of a plurality of second precipitate phase domains comprising a second average size in the second portion. The average size of the first precipitate phase domains may be different than the average size of the second precipitate phase domains.

Abstract: A process of manufacturing a steel alloy for railway components is provided. The process involves providing an alloy comprising, in weight percentage, from 0.21 to 0.27 carbon, from 0.80 to 1.20 manganese, from 0.35 to 0.60 silicon, up to 0.02 phosphorus, up to 0.02 sulfur, from 0.55 to 0.65 chromium, from 0.45 to 0,55 molybdenum, from 1.75 to 2.05 nickel, and from 0.005 to 0.030 titanium; casting the alloy; normalizing the alloy; heat treating the alloy; and tempering the alloy, wherein the tempering occurs at 400-700° C. for 1-5 hours.

Abstract: The method includes the step of preparing a die assembly and proceeds with the step of heating a blank that is made of metal. The method continues with the step of inserting the heated blank into the die assembly. The method proceeds with the step of closing the die assembly to deform the blank into a structural component. With the die assembly closed, the method continues with the step of simultaneously cooling at least one first portion of the structural component that is in contact with the first and second forming surfaces and directing infrared light directly onto at least one second portion of the structural component through the at least one opening to maintain the at least one second portion at an elevated temperature compared to the at least one first portion.

Abstract: A high-pressure processing system includes a first chamber, a second chamber adjacent the first chamber, a foreline to remove gas from the second chamber, a vacuum processing system configured to lower a pressure within the second, a valve assembly to isolate the pressure within the first chamber from the pressure within the second chamber, a gas delivery system configured to introduce a gas into the first chamber and to increase the pressure within the first chamber to at least 10 atmospheres, an exhaust line to remove gas from the first chamber, and a containment enclosure surrounding a portion of the gas delivery system and the exhaust line to divert gas leaking from the portion of the gas delivery system and the exhaust line to the foreline.

Abstract: Provided is an ultrahigh-strength steel sheet for a vehicle and, more specifically, to an ultrahigh-strength and high-ductility steel sheet having excellent yield ratio and a manufacturing method therefor. Provided is an ultrahigh-strength and high-ductility steel sheet for cold press forming and a manufacturing method therefor, the steel sheet ensuring ultrahigh strength and high ductility since an alloy component of steel and manufacturing conditions are controlled and, simultaneously, having excellent impact characteristics due to a high yield strength ratio (yield ratio). Provided is the steel sheet capable of satisfying formability and impact stability, which are required for a vehicle steel sheet for cold forming, and replacing a conventional steel sheet for hot press forming, thereby reducing manufacturing costs.

Abstract: The invention provides a density-reduced material based on iron, whose mechanical properties make it suitable for a wide range of applications. The steel has a density of less than 7.25 kg/dm3 and includes (in wt %) C: up to 0.20%, Si: 0.1-3.50%, Mn: 0.1-3.50%, N: up to 0.020%, S: up to 0.40%, P: up to 0.009%, Al: 6.0-25.0%, Ti: 0.55-10.0%, Cr: up to 6.0%, Mo: up to 3.0%, Ni: up to 4.0%, V: up to 1.0%, W: up to 1.0%, Cu: up to 4%, B: up to 0.08%, Nb: up to 1.5%, remainder iron and unavoidable impurities caused during production. In this case, the structure of the steel has more than 85 vol % ferrite and up to 10 vol % austenite and as the remainder contents of intermetallic phases and proportions of carbide, nitride, bainite or perlite.

Abstract: An abrasion-resistant steel plate comprises: a chemical composition containing, in mass %, C: 0.20% to 0.45%, Si: 0.01% to 1.0%, Mn: 0.3% to 2.5%, P: 0.020% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Cr: 0.01% to 2.0%, Ti: 0.10% to 1.00%, B: 0.0001% to 0.0100% , Al: 0.1% or less, N: 0.01% or less, and a balance consisting of Fe and inevitable impurities; and a microstructure in which a volume fraction of martensite is 90% or more, and a prior austenite grain size is 80 ?m or less, wherein a number density of TiC precipitate having a size of 0.5 ?m or more is 400 particles/mm2 or more, and a Mn content [Mn] and a P content [P] in a plate thickness central segregation area satisfy 0.04[Mn]+[P]<0.50.

Abstract: Provided is a method for nitriding a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet which is very useful in obtaining excellent magnetic properties with no variation, that enables generating glow discharge between positive electrodes and negative electrodes disposed in a nitriding zone and irradiating the generated plasma to a strip to perform appropriate nitriding.

Abstract: A flat steel product may have a tensile strength Rm?950 MPa, a yield point ?800 MPa, and an elongation at break A50?8%. The flat steel product may comprise steel consisting of (in percent weight) 0.05%-0.20% C, 0.2%-1.5% Si, 0.01%-1.5% Al, 1.0%-3.0% Mn, ?0.02% P, ?0.005% S, ?0.008% N, and in each case optionally 0.05%-1.0%, 0.05%-0.2% Mo, 0.005%-0.2% Ti, 0.001%-0.05% Nb, 0.0001%-0.005% B, the remainder being Fe and unavoidable impurities. A ratio ? may conform to 1.5???3 with ?=(% C+% Mn/5+% Cr/6)/(% Al+% Si), and % C, % Mn, % Cr, % Al, % Si being the respective C, Mn, Cr, Al, and Si contents of the steel. The flat steel product may have a microstructure consisting of (in percent area)?5% bainite, ?5% polygonal ferrite, ?90% martensite, and ?2% by volume of residual austenite, where at least half the martensite is annealed martensite.

Abstract: A martensitic stainless steel has a chemical composition containing, by mass %, C: 0.030% or more and less than 0.20%, Si: 0.01% or more and 2.0% or less, Mn: 0.01% or more and 3.0% or less, P: 0.050% or less , S: 0.010% or less, Cr: 10.0% or more and 16.0% or less, Ni: 0.01% or more and 0.80% or less, Al: 0.001% or more and 0.50% or less, Zr: 0.005% or more and 0.50% or less, and N: 0.030% or more and less than 0.20%, with the balance consisting of Fe and inevitable impurities.

Abstract: A method for producing a metallic coated steel sheet is provided. The method includes continuously annealing a steel sheet in a continuous annealing furnace and hot dip coating the steel sheet.

Abstract: A method for heat-treating a metal strip, where the metal strip is pre-heated continuously in a pre-heating zone with the aid of hot gas and subsequently undergoes further heat treatment in a directly fired furnace in a reducing and/or oxidizing atmosphere. The metal strip is pre-heated in the pre-heating zone with hot inert gas and further heated with an electric heating system before entering the directly fired furnace. A furnace plant for implementing the process and a related heat recovery system are also disclosed.

Abstract: This disclosure provides engineered microbes modified such that the surface of the microbe contains one or more rare earth element (REE) binding ligands, as well as methods of use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention addresses the problem, in methods for producing a metal or alloy by reducing a mixture that contains an oxide ore, of providing an oxide ore smelting method with good productivity and efficiency. The present invention is an oxide ore smelting method for producing a metal or alloy by reducing a mixture that contains an oxide ore, the method comprising at least: a mixing step S1 for mixing an oxide ore with a carbonaceous reducing agent; a mixture-molding step S2 for molding the mixture obtained to obtain a mixture-molded body; and a reducing step S3 for heating the mixture-molded body obtained at a specified reducing temperature in a reducing furnace.

Abstract: A novel process for treating and recovering valuable metals and other components from pickling acid residue (PAR) has been developed. The metals and other components are recovered by neutralizing the pickling acid residue using a magnesium compound or a mixture of magnesium compounds, and separating components of the resulting mixture (metals and sulfates) into products that can be reused, such as magnesium sulfate, nickel sulfate, iron and chromium phosphate, or various metal hydroxides or oxides.

Abstract: Various embodiments provide a leaching solution monitoring module comprising a first leaching solution distribution system interface, a flow meter in fluid communication with the first leaching solution distribution system interface, the flow meter in fluid communication a 3-way pressure regulator, and a second leaching solution distribution system interface in fluid communication with the 3-way pressure regulator.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for producing high-purity magnesium by semi-continuous distillation, comprising the following steps of: (1) melting crude magnesium or recycled mixed metal containing magnesium containing various impurities in a melting boiler; (2) feeding the molten crude magnesium into a second boiler by a magnesium liquid delivery pump, and maintaining a temperature of 665° C. to 700° C.; (3) sucking the high-temperature magnesium liquid into a crude distillation column in vacuum by a magnetic liquid suction pipe that is inserted into the intermediate boiler and connected to the crude distillation column. Magnesium is condensed into liquid in the rectification column, then discharged from a liquid seal of the rectification column, and ingoted in a refined magnesium die to obtain high-purity magnesium products.

Abstract: The present method can be used for converting nickel-containing copper sulphide materials. A method for continuously converting nickel-containing copper sulphide materials into blister copper, waste slag and a copper-nickel alloy includes smelting the materials together with SiO2 and CaO-containing fluxes and coal in a Vanyukov converting furnace to produce blister copper, gases with a high concentration of SO2, and slag with an SiO2/CaO concentration ratio of from 3:1 to 1:1, in which the sum of the iron, nickel and cobalt concentrations is not more than 30 wt %, at a specific oxygen consumption in the range of 150-240 nm3 per ton of dry sulphide material for conversion, and depleting the slag in a separate unit, namely a Vanyukov reduction furnace, using a mixture of an oxygen-containing gas and a hydrocarbon fuel at an oxygen consumption coefficient (?) in a range of from 0.5 to 0.9, together with coal, to produce waste slag and a copper-nickel alloy.

Abstract: A method of chromite reduction using cryolite (Na3AlF6) as an additive. The cryolite used may be pure cryolite or an impure mixture containing cryolite, such as the bath material produced as waste or as a by-product of aluminum smelting processes. In one embodiment, the reduction product is re-melted at a higher temperature to form larger metallic particles. In another embodiment, the chromite ore is granulated with cryolite particles and carbon reductant particles before being reduced.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a method for concentrating rare earth elements (REEs) from a coal byproduct. The method includes mixing the coal byproduct input with aluminum phosphate, sulfur and/or other compounds used as an additive; heating the coal byproduct input in air for a period of 3 minutes or longer at a temperature above a liquid starting temperature of the coal byproduct input, forming a molten coal byproduct; cooling the molten coal byproduct at a rate slower than critical glass transition cooling rate of the melt, forming REE phosphate product; heating the coal byproduct input above the liquid starting temperature of the coal byproduct after REE phosphate product is formed; and cooling the coal byproduct input at a rate faster than the critical glass transition cooling rate of the melt, minimizing forming unwanted solids.

Abstract: There is provided a copper alloy backing tube formed of a copper alloy having a composition containing 0.10 mass % or more and 0.30 mass % or less of Co, 0.030 mass % or more and 0.10 mass % or less of P, 0.01 mass % or more and 0.50 mass % or less of Sn, 0.02 mass % or more and 0.10 mass % or less of Ni, and 0.01 mass % or more and 0.10 mass % or less of Zn. A copper balance containing impurities. A mass ratio [Co]/[P] is set to be within a range of 3.0 or higher and 6.0 or lower. A thermal conductivity is set to 250 W/(m·K) or higher. A micro-Vickers hardness after a heating treatment is performed in a condition of being held for one hour at 250° C. is 100 Hv or higher, and a decrease rate from a hardness before the heating treatment is set to 5% or less.

Abstract: A titanium-based alloy includes 0.001-1.0 wt. % in total of at least one lanthanide series element, remainder of titanium and impurities.

Abstract: Novel metallic systems and methods for their fabrication provide high temperature machine parts formed of a consolidated nano-crystalline metallic material. The material comprises a matrix formed of a solvent metal having a melting point greater than 1,250° C. with crystalline grains having diameters of no more than about 500 nm, and a plurality of dispersed metallic particles formed on the basis of a solute metal in the solvent metal matrix and having diameters of no more than about 200 nm. The particle density along the grain boundary of the matrix is as high as about 2 nm2 of grain boundary area per particle so as to substantially block grain boundary motion and rotation and limit creep at temperatures above 35% of the melting point of the consolidated nano-crystalline metallic material. The machine parts formed may include turbine blades, gears, hypersonics, radiation shielding, and other high temperature parts.

Abstract: In one aspect, cobalt-based alloys are described herein comprising composition and microstructure permitting a balance of hardness, toughness and wear resistance desirable for wood cutting applications. A cobalt-based alloy comprises a chromium rich carbide phase in an amount of 15-30 volume percent, a tungsten-rich phase in an amount of 9-15 volume percent and a balance of cobalt-rich solid solution matrix comprising nickel, chromium, vanadium and tungsten.

Abstract: An aluminum-alloy foil that enables to satisfy both of high elongation and high strength even in the case of reducing the foil thickness. The chemical composition of the aluminum-alloy foil contains, in mass %, Fe: 1.0% or more and 2.0% or less, Cu: 0.1% or more and 0.5% or less, and Mn: 0.05% or less, the remainder being Al and unavoidable impurities. The aluminum-alloy foil has a foil thickness of 20 ?m or less, and satisfies the relation El?100×t/UTS. Here, t represents a foil thickness (?m), UTS represents a tensile strength (MPa), and El represents an elongation (%).

Abstract: A die casting alloy on an aluminum-silicon base with a composition having 8.5 to 11.5 wt. % of silicon, 0.1 to 0.5 wt. % of magnesium, 0.3 to 0.8 wt. % of manganese, 0.02 to 0.5 wt. % of iron, 0.005 to 0.5 wt. % of zinc, 0.1 to 0.5 wt. % of copper, 0.02 to 0.3 wt. % of molybdenum, 0.02 to 0.3 wt. % of zirconium, 10 to 200 ppm of gallium and optionally at least one of 30 to 300 ppm of strontium, 5 to 30 ppm of sodium, 1 to 30 ppm of calcium, 5 to 250 ppm of phosphorus, 0.02 to 0.25 wt. % of titanium, and 3 to 50 ppm of boron with the remainder being aluminium and unavoidable impurities. The alloy can be produced with a recycling rate of 50%.

Abstract: A cast alloy including iron 0.8-3.0 wt. %, magnesium 0.01-9.0 wt. %, manganese 0-2.5 wt. %, beryllium 0-500 ppm, titanium 0-0.5 wt. %, silicon 0-0.8 wt. %, strontium 0-0.8 wt. %, phosphorus 0-500 ppm, copper 0-4 wt. %, zinc 0-10 wt. %, 0-0.5 wt. % of an element or a group of elements selected from the group consisting of chromium, nickel, molybdenum, zirconium, vanadium, hafnium, calcium, gallium and boron, and the remainder being aluminium and unavoidable impurities.

Abstract: Magnesium-aluminum corrosion-resistant alloys are provided and include magnesium, aluminum, germanium, small amounts of cathodic reaction active site impurities such as iron, copper, nickel, and cobalt, manganese, and optionally tin. The alloy can include up to about 0.75% germanium, at least about 2.5% aluminum, up to about 2.25% tin, at most 0.0055% iron impurities, and at most 0.125% silicon impurities. The ratio of germanium to iron can be less than 150. The ratio of manganese to iron can be at least 75. The alloy can comprise one or more intermetallic complexes, including magnesium-germanium, magnesium-aluminum, and aluminum-manganese internietallic complexes.

Abstract: A cutting machining tool for metal-containing materials has a base material composed of cemented hard material with hard material particles embedded in a ductile metallic binder. The metallic binder is a Co—Ru alloy and the hard material particles are formed at least predominantly by tungsten carbide, having an average grain size of the tungsten carbide of 0.1-1.2 ?m. The cemented hard material has a (Co+Ru) content of 5-17% by weight of the cemented hard material, a Ru content of 6 16% by weight of the (Co+Ru) content, a Cr content of 2-7.5% by weight of the (Co+Ru) content, a content of Ti, Ta and/or Nb of in each case <0.2% by weight of the cemented hard material and a V content of <0.3% by weight of the cemented hard material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing ductile iron alloys and products thereof, and in particular ductile iron alloys with at least a partial pearlitic structure. The inventors have sought to develop an improved iron alloy for providing vehicle parts, in particular disc brake rotors. The method for producing a ductile iron alloy comprises the steps of: heating a steel composition in a furnace to produce a molten steel; transferring said molten steel to an inoculation ladle; inoculating said molten steel with an inoculant for a predetermined inoculation time to produce an inoculated molten steel; and pouring said inoculated molten steel into a mould to produce a ductile iron alloy with at least a partial pearlitic structure.

Abstract: Complex concentrated alloys include five or more elements, at least one of which is ruthenium. Example complex concentrated alloys can include nickel and chromium, iron, ruthenium, molybdenum, and/or tungsten. Example complex concentrated alloys have single phase microstructure of face centered cubic (FCC) and can be homogenous. Example complex concentrated alloys can exhibit improved corrosion resistance.

Abstract: The present invention provides an iron-based metallic glass alloy powder comprising: an iron-based metal element group mainly comprising Fe; a setnimetal element group comprising Si, B, P, and C; a small amount of at least one degree-of-supercooling improvement element group selected from the group consisting of Nb and Mo; and optionally a corrosion resistance modification component, wherein the total amount of the semimetal element group and the total amount of the corrosion resistance modification component are set within predetermined ranges, and the iron-based metallic glass alloy powder has a particle size of 30 ?m or less.

Abstract: Described are techniques for treating metals by exposing the metals to reactive solutions to reduce a temperature of the metal and to modify a surface of the metal through chemical reaction, such as by removing material or adding material. The disclosed techniques may advantageously increase the rate at which the temperature of the metal may be reduced as compared to conventional cooling techniques involving pure water, increase metal manufacturing rates, and reduce overall complexity of a metal manufacturing process. The disclosed techniques may also advantageously expand the range of available surface treatments, allow for faster surface treatment processes, and reduce or eliminate the use of hazardous chemicals during a surface treatment process. Such advantages may arise by employing chemical processing that takes place or takes place more efficiently at elevated temperatures.

Abstract: Described herein are high-strength, highly formable aluminum alloys and methods of making and processing such alloys. The aluminum alloys described herein contain transition metal alloying elements to provide high strength and high formability. The processing method includes multi-stage homogenization, hot and cold rolling, and solutionization steps. Also described are methods of using the aluminum alloys.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method for producing an aluminum alloy rolled material for deformation molding, the method including: a step of performing homogenization treatment of an ingot including an aluminum alloy with predetermined composition; a step of cooling the aluminum alloy after the homogenization treatment so that an average cooling rate in an ingot thickness of 1/4 part from 500° C. to 320° C. is 30° C./h to 2000° C./h; and a step of starting hot rolling at 370° C. to 440° C. and winding the hot-rolled aluminum alloy at 310 to 380° C., in which the method for producing an aluminum alloy rolled material for deformation molding further includes a step of retaining the aluminum alloy after the cooling step for 0.17 hours or more at a heating temperature before rolling set within a range of 370° C. to 440° C. before the hot rolling.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a clad material (110, 410) includes performing a Ni plating treatment on a Cu material (104, 404) made of Cu or a Cu-based alloy to make a Ni-plated Cu material in which the Cu material is covered with a Ni plating layer, performing a heat treatment on the Ni-plated Cu material at a holding temperature of 650° C. or higher and 850° C. or lower, and bonding an Al material (102, 402) made of Al or an Al-based alloy and the Ni-plated Cu material on which the heat treatment has been performed to each other by rolling to make the clad material.

Abstract: A smooth roll (1) having a surface layer with water-retaining function is obtained by a method for producing a milling roll, comprising: a roughening process for blasting a surface (2a) of a roll substrate (2) constituting the smooth roll (1); and a coating process for spraying a thermal spray material over the roughened surface (2a) of the roll substrate (2) so as to form a thermal sprayed coating (3) having pores (5) that retain water. Satisfactory cereal powder is obtained by preventing drying of cereals in a milling process and retaining an adequate water content.

Abstract: A coated article including an article having a surface; an oxidation resistant bond coat layer deposited on the surface, the oxidation resistant bond coat layer comprising a healing silica matrix and at least one oxygen scavenger forming a metal silicide network dispersed within the healing silica matrix; and a top coat layer disposed upon the oxidation resistant bond coat layer, whereby the oxidation resistant bond coat layer is operable to seal a crack in the top coat layer.

Abstract: A thermal barrier coating includes a highly porous layer and a dense layer. The highly porous layer is formed on a heat-resistant base, is made of ceramic, has pores, has a layer thickness of equal to or larger than 0.3 mm and equal to or smaller than 1.0 mm, and has a pore ratio of equal to or higher than 1 vol % and equal to or lower than 30 vol %. The dense layer is formed on the highly porous layer, is made of ceramic, has a pore ratio of equal to or lower than 0.9 vol % that is equal to or lower than the pore ratio of the highly porous layer, and has a layer thickness of equal to or smaller than 0.05 mm.

Abstract: A method for forming a vertically cracked thermal barrier coating is disclosed including positioning an article relative to a heat source. The article includes a thermal barrier coating disposed on a first surface of a substrate, and the substrate includes a second surface distal across the substrate from the first surface. Heat is applied locally to at least one discrete portion of the second surface of the substrate. At least one vertical crack in the thermal barrier coating is formed disposed over the at least one discrete portion. An article is disclosed including a substrate and a vertically-cracked thermal barrier coating disposed on the substrate. The vertically cracked thermal barrier coating includes at least one vertical crack in the thermal barrier coating and at least one of a low density of less than 85% of a theoretical density for the thermal barrier coating and a selective crack distribution.

Abstract: An article (10), e.g. a casing, is disclosed as including a substrate (12) made of a metal or a metal alloy, such as stainless steel, and a coating (14) deposited on the substrate (12), the coating (14) including a base layer (16) of titanium (Ti) or chromium (Cr) doped with silicon (Si) or boron (B) deposited on the substrate (12), a transition layer (18) of titanium nitride (TiN) deposited on the base layer (16), and an outer decorative coloured layer (20) deposited on the transition layer (18).

Abstract: A crucible for accommodating and heating a material to be vaporized or sublimed and a system for it. The crucible comprises: at least one concave recess, which is applicable to accommodating a material to be vaporized or sublimed, and the concave recess is formed on a first surface of the crucible; and a bottom recess and/or a side recess, the bottom recess is formed on a second surface of the crucible, the second surface is opposite to the first surface, and the side recess is formed in a side wall of the crucible, the side wall extends from the first surface to the second surface, wherein the side recess has an opening near the second surface of the crucible. The system comprises the crucible and a heater arrangement for heating the crucible, wherein the heater arrangement comprises at least one heater arranged in the bottom recess or the side recess of the crucible.

Abstract: Implantable medical grafts fabricated of metallic or pseudometallic films of biocompatible materials having a plurality of microperforations passing through the film in a pattern that imparts fabric-like qualities to the graft or permits the geometric deformation of the graft. The implantable graft is preferably fabricated by vacuum deposition of metallic and/or pseudometallic materials into either single or multi-layered structures with the plurality of microperforations either being formed during deposition or after deposition by selective removal of sections of the deposited film. The implantable medical grafts are suitable for use as endoluminal or surgical grafts and may be used as vascular grafts, stent-grafts, skin grafts, shunts, bone grafts, surgical patches, non-vascular conduits, valvular leaflets, filters, occlusion membranes, artificial sphincters, tendons and ligaments.

Abstract: A method for depositing a coating of a first metal on a second metal component includes applying a first laser beam to a surface of the second metal to remove a portion of an oxide layer from the surface, and applying a second laser beam to deposit a coating of a first metal on the surface immediately following the first laser beam and a component made by the method.

Abstract: Methods of removing native oxide layers and depositing dielectric layers having a controlled number of active sites on MEMS devices for biological applications are disclosed. In one aspect, a method includes removing a native oxide layer from a surface of the substrate by exposing the substrate to one or more ligands in vapor phase to volatize the native oxide layer and then thermally desorbing or otherwise etching the volatized native oxide layer. In another aspect, a method includes depositing a dielectric layer selected to provide a controlled number of active sites on the surface of the substrate. In yet another aspect, a method includes both removing a native oxide layer from a surface of the substrate by exposing the substrate to one or more ligands and depositing a dielectric layer selected to provide a controlled number of active sites on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A flexible substrate, a manufacturing method thereof and a display are provided. The method includes: forming a first organic layer on a substrate; forming a first buffer layer on the first organic layer; forming an inorganic layer on the first buffer layer; and forming a second organic layer above the inorganic layer. In this way, it is possible to enhance the adhesion between the first organic layer and the inorganic layer due to the arrangement of the first buffer layer, and in turn reduce or even eliminate the risk that the first organic layer and the inorganic layer may be fallen off from each other during the bending process of the flexible substrate, enhance the anti-water and anti-oxygen abilities of the flexible substrate, and improve the quality of the substrate.