Abstract: A folding pistol has a frame having slide rails adapted to receive a slide, a grip defining a magazine passage pivotally connected to the frame at a first pivot and having a free end extending away from the first pivot, the grip being movable between an extended position in which the pistol is operable, and a stowed position in which the free end of the grip is adjacent the frame, a forward trigger guard element pivotally connected to the frame at a second pivot, a lower trigger guard element connected to the forward trigger guard element at a third pivot, and the lower trigger guard element connected to the grip at a fourth pivot. The first, second, third, and fourth pivots may be at different locations. There may be a trigger connected to the frame at a selected one of the first, second, third, and fourth pivots.

Abstract: The trigger mechanism for automatic and semi-automatic pistols contains a trigger lever (53), a trigger (50) connected to the trigger lever (53) and a container (302) for guiding a rear part of a breech (304). The trigger lever (53) is connected to the trigger (50) in a rotary way and comprises two arms (54, 55) having a space between them through which a magazine of the pistol passes and being connected with a cross rail (56) to which a vertical plate (57) is connected and which is provided on its top side with a top tooth (59) for tensioning a firing pin (1) and with a projection (49) for releasing the firing pin (1) block (46). The trigger (50), the vertical plate (57) and the firing pin (1) lie on a vertical plane of symmetry of the pistol and the arms (54, 55) are located symmetrically with respect to this plane.

Abstract: Various embodiments are provided to implement an attachment for a firearm that operates as a flash hider, a muzzle brake, and/or to mount, e.g., a sound suppressor, to the firearm. In one example, a firearm attachment includes a base adapted to couple to a muzzle end of a barrel of a firearm. The firearm attachment includes a plurality of longitudinal tines that extend forward from the base. The base includes a plurality of apertures disposed rearward of the tines and that extend from a bore within the base through an outer circumfery of the firearm attachment. The apertures exhibit a first diameter at the bore and a second larger diameter at the outer circumfery. The apertures are adapted to impart thrust to the firearm attachment in response to combustion gases passed from the bore through the apertures to compensate for muzzle rise associated with the firearm.

Abstract: A firearm adapter that can attach to a rail secured to a firearm barrel and can quickly, accurately, securely, and concentrically attach a suppressor or suppressor extension to the firearm barrel even when the firearm barrel includes a muzzle device, such as a flash hider. The adapter is tool-less and attaches a suppressor or other muzzle device to a variety of rail equipped firearms with different geometries while providing strong securement and proper alignment.

Abstract: In a trigger labor-saving structure of a crossbow, the crossbow includes a body, an arcuate limb, and a trigger assembly. The limb is mounted adjacent to a front end of the body and intersects with the body, and the limb includes a bowstring. The trigger assembly includes: a trigger seat arranged on the body, a trigger partially accommodated in the trigger seat and downward extending out of the trigger seat, with the trigger having a stop face, and with the stop face having a first periphery and a second periphery; a string hook member housed in the trigger seat and including an engagement face corresponding to the stop face; and at least one concave portion formed on the stop face and defined between the first periphery and the second periphery. Thus, frictional resistance between the stop face and the engagement face reduces.

Abstract: In trigger labor-saving structure of a crossbow, the crossbow includes a body, an arcuate limb, and a trigger assembly. The limb is mounted adjacent to a front end of the body and intersects with the body, and the limb includes a bowstring. The trigger assembly includes: a trigger seat arranged on the body, a trigger partially accommodated in the trigger seat and downward extending out of the trigger seat, with the trigger having a stop face; a string hook member housed in the trigger seat and including an engagement face corresponding to the stop face; and at least one concave portion formed on the engagement face of the string hook member and defined between a first periphery and a second periphery of the engagement face. Thus, frictional resistance between the stop face and the engagement face reduces.

Abstract: An archery draw stop system and method are disclosed herein. The archery draw stop system, in an embodiment, includes a limb engager configured to be mounted to a limb portion of a limb of an archery bow. The archery draw stop system also has a draw stopper portion configured to engage a member that is coupled to a rotary of the archery bow.

Abstract: A handguard extension system having a handguard, wherein at least one handguard extension receiving channel is formed in a portion of the handguard, wherein at least one alignment/retention slot is formed at least partially through the handguard extension receiving channel so as to at least partially receive a portion of an attachment screw therethrough; and a handguard extension component comprising an attachment portion and an extension portion, wherein the attachment portion is sized so as to be at least partially received within at least a portion of the handguard extension receiving channel, wherein at least one aperture is formed through the attachment portion, wherein the at least one aperture is positioned so as to correspond to one or more of the alignment/retention slots, thereby allowing the attachment screw to secure at least a portion of the attachment portion within handguard extension receiving channel.

Abstract: Representative implementations of devices and techniques provide a mounting dock assembly to receive and to support an implement (such as a handgun, for example) or an implement holster (such as a handgun holster, for example), in a variety of configurations. The dock assembly comprises a plurality of dock units, each dock unit including a substantially planar hard mount component having one or more guide ridges and a mounting portion for temporarily or permanently coupling the dock unit to a desired surface.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are embodiments of a sighting device, and methods of making and using such a sighting device, whereby the sighting device comprises a chamber coupled to the sighting device; and a light-emitting element contained within the chamber; wherein the chamber contains only non-radioactive material; and wherein the light-emitting element emits a first amount of visible light to provide a viewable aiming indicium in low light conditions.

Abstract: This disclosure describes a compact and lightweight rifle scope display adapter configured to be affixed in front of the objective lens of a rifle scope. The display adapter includes a receptacle that enables the adapter to be electrically connected to a ballistic computer, rangefinder or other targeting mechanism. The display adapter is configured to receive aimpoint information and project illuminated symbology that is brought into focus by the rifle scope optics in such a way that the symbology appears to overlay an image of a scene on which the rifle scope is focused. The display adapter includes a casing that houses processing circuitry, a light emitting diode, polarizer, polarized beam splitter, liquid crystal on silicon imaging element and reflective element. The display adapter also includes a light bar, spherical mirror, quarter-wave plate and an additional polarized beam splitter contained within the light bar.

Abstract: A system and method for simulating lead of a target includes a network, a simulation administrator and a user device connected to the network, a database connected to the simulation administrator, and a set of position trackers positioned at a simulator site. The user device includes a virtual reality unit and a computer connected to the set of virtual reality unit and to the network. A generated target is simulated. The target and the user are tracked to generate a phantom target and a phantom halo. The phantom target and the phantom halo are displayed on the virtual reality unit at a lead distance and a drop distance from the target as viewed through the virtual reality unit.

Abstract: A method for aligning a missile with a target in a laser beam riding missile guidance system, the system including a laser transmitter for generating and projecting a laser information field towards the target and an optical sight for aiming the laser beam towards the target, the method comprising: determining a point in the laser information field with which the missile is currently aligned; determining a distance of the target from the missile; determining an angular displacement between the missile's current direction of travel and the direction in which the target lies from the missile; determining, based on said distance and angular displacement, a new point in the laser information field with which the missile should be aligned to reach the target; and controlling missile guidance systems on board the missile to bring the missile into alignment with the new point in the laser information field.

Abstract: A body armor ventilation system comprising a plurality of projections located between a body armor carrier and a wearer's body. The system may further comprise a plate for retrofitting an existing carrier or may be integrated into the carrier. The projections may allow space between the body armor carrier and the wearer's body, allowing air to flow therethrough, which in turn allows the wearer's body heat to dissipate and keeps the wearer cooler. The projections may also provide increased protection from blunt force trauma.

Abstract: Systems and methods for calibrating a conducted electrical weapon (“CEW”) to provide a predetermined amount of current for each pulse of the stimulus signal. Providing the predetermined amount of current, close thereto, increases the effectiveness of the stimulus signal in impeding locomotion of a human or animal target. The calibration process enables a CEW to calibrate the amount of charge in a pulse of the stimulus signal in the environmental conditions where the tester operates and also in the field where the environmental conditions may be different from the environmental conditions during calibration.

Abstract: A luminescent archery target enabling target shooting in low light conditions. At least a portion of the target is formed from a material that glows in the dark for long durations, such as a strontium-based luminescent composition. Example target configurations include a non-luminescent core and an outer layer applied over at least a portion of the core, wherein the outer layer includes the luminescent material. The target can be configured as a three-dimensional block, as a model of a game animal, or in other shapes and sizes.

Abstract: One embodiment of the invention provides an alloy with a density greater than 10 g/cm3, the alloy comprising a single phase solution of tungsten, nickel, and iron. Also provided is a cone liner for use in shaped charges, the liner comprised of a tungsten, nickel, iron alloy having a single phase microstructure. Substantially no precipitates or second phases exist in the alloy.

Abstract: The present invention provides an ammunition cartridge having a primer insert having a top surface opposite a bottom surface and a extraction flange that extends circumferentially about an outer edge of the top surface; a coupling element that extends from the bottom surface, wherein the substantially cylindrical coupling element is adapted to receive a polymer overmolding; a primer recess in the top surface that extends toward the bottom surface, wherein the primer recess comprises a recess bottom and a circular recess side wall; a primer flash aperture through the recess bottom that extends through the bottom surface, wherein the primer flash aperture is adapted to receive a polymer overmolding to form a flash hole; and a groove in the primer recess positioned around the primer flash aperture adapted to receive a polymer overmolding, wherein the groove extends at least partially over the bottom surface and at least partially over the circular recess side wall and the groove is adapted to receive polymer ove

Abstract: A cartridge casing comprising a casing tube formed substantially of metal with a closed end and an open end. The casing tube bounds at least part of a head cap entered into the open end of the tube. The head cap is fixed relative to the tube. An end wall defines the closed end opposite the head cap end of the cartridge. The end wall comprises a weakened region.

Abstract: Artillery grenade holsters are configured to releasably retain one or more artillery grenades. One or more retaining tabs are configured to define a receptacle space for receiving an artillery grenade. The retaining tab(s) flex outwardly during grenade extraction to allow release of the artillery grenade, after which the retaining tab(s) flex back to their original positions. A secondary retaining element links two or more retaining tabs to prevent inadvertent outward flexing. An artillery grenade holster includes a securing cap fixedly attached, by a retention cable, to a back support and releasably attached, by the retention cable, to a securing element of a front support.

Abstract: Representative implementations of devices and techniques provide a modular carrier for a tactical implement or for an accessory to a weapon, tool, or other implement, for example. The modular carrier comprises first and second shell components to at least partially encase the accessory. The first and second shell components are adjustably attached using at least one attachment member on each of the first and second shell components, to form an enclosure. At least one adjustable retention component may be used with the attachment members to adjust the retention of the enclosure.

Abstract: A method for nominal scanning measurement includes allowing a user to select a shape of an object to be measured from a geometric shape menu prepared in advance, allowing the user to input, according to the selected geometric shape, a parameter to specify the geometric shape, allowing the user to select a measurement path from a measurement path menu prepared in advance, allowing the user to input, according to the selected measurement path, a parameter to specify the measurement path, calculating, based on the selected geometric shape, the input parameter of the geometric shape, the selected measurement path, and the input parameter of the measurement path, measurement points on a workpiece and a normal line direction at each of measurement points using a calculation formula prepared in advance, and calculating a path for scanning measurement to move while scanning a sequence of the measurement points.

Abstract: A portable coordinate measurement machine (CMM) comprises an articulated arm having first and second ends, the articulated arm including a plurality of arm segments and a plurality of rotary joints, the first end configured to connect to a measurement probe and the second end configured to connect to a base. At least one of the rotary joints includes a shaft configured to rotate about an axis of rotation of the at least one of the rotary joints, and a rotary damping mechanism configured to provide controlled damping of rotational movement of the shaft about the axis of rotation.

Abstract: A gauging machine for inspecting bore diameters of a workpiece includes a reference fixture, a first wide range bore gauge arranged on a first three-dimensional positioning apparatus to facilitate inspection of a first set of bores aligned along parallel axes, and a second wide range bore gauge arranged on a second three-dimensional positioning apparatus to facilitate inspection of one bore or a plurality of bores aligned along parallel axes. The gauging machine facilitates inspection of bores on a plurality of different workpieces having different overall dimensions, a different number of bores, different positioning of bores, and/or different size bores, without requiring retooling of the gauging machine.

Abstract: A device and method for measuring the thickness and position tolerance of a wheel bolt hole. The device includes a screw, a handle, a detection pillar and a base plate, where the handle and the base plate are fixed via the screw; the detection pillar is fixed onto the base plate through interference fit; and the detection pillar a bolt hole. The position tolerance and thickness of a bolt hole are measured simultaneously, and the labor intensity is reduced, and the existing bolt hole position tolerance detection tool can be modified for the use as the tool of the device, saving costs. The tool can detect the thickness of a bolt hole and qualitatively determine the range where the difference between the value of bolt hole thickness and the standard value approximately lies, and can be used for the grading of bolt hole thickness values based.

Abstract: A workpiece contour (13) at least first and second contour geometries (K1-K2) adjoining one another tangentially at a first transition point (U1). Measurement points (M) are recorded along the geometries (K1-K2). Using some measurement points within the first geometry (K1), a first replacement element (G1) is determined and assigned to the first geometry (K1). Analogously, using some measurement points (M) of the second geometry (K2) a second geometry element (G2) assigned to the latter is determined. The size and/or the position of the second geometry element (G2) are calculated under the boundary condition that the second replacement element (G2) adjoins the first replacement element (G1) tangentially. The tangential transition point between the two replacement elements (G1), (G2) forms the first transition point (U1). This method can be iterated using additional or other measurement points (M), until the first transition point (U1) is determined with sufficient accuracy.

Abstract: A robotic coordinate measurement machine (CMM) having a contact direction sensitive (CDS) probe is usable to detect internal dimensions for an object of interest. A robot arm may contact a surface with the CDS probe which may then detect a magnitude and direction of the resulting reaction force. The robotic CMM may monitor the magnitude and/or direction of the reaction force while the CDS probe is being slide across a surface to determine dimensions for the surface. Changes in the reaction force sensed by the CDS probe may be used to identify contact with other surfaces of contours in the surface the CDS probe is being slid across. A path of the CDS probe may be altered based on the contact with other surfaces or the contours.

Abstract: A device and method for measuring dimensional variation of a part, particularly total runout, is provided. The device includes an indicator check body, a clamping device within the indicator check body and an end cap that engages the indicator check body and the clamping device. When the indicator check body and the clamping device are engaged, the device is secured to the part allowing dimensional variations to be measured along the surface of the indicator check body.

Abstract: An electrical device includes a magnetic sensor circuitry (101) for detecting magnetic field and for generating a detection signal in response to the detected magnetic field, and a control circuitry (102) for controlling operation of the electrical device in accordance with the detection signal. The magnetic sensor circuitry is configured to detect a direction related to a deviation of the magnetic field from the magnetic field of the earth, and the control circuitry is configured to control the operation of the electrical device in accordance with the detected direction. The electrical device can be controlled by using e.g. a permanent magnet (105) for directing, to the magnetic sensor circuitry, magnetic field deviating from the magnetic field of the earth and having a desired orientation. Thus, the electrical device can be controlled without an electrical connector or a radio interface.

Abstract: A lamination type stretch sensor includes a first elastic insulating layer, a first elastic conductive layer, an elastic dielectric layer, a second elastic conductive layer and a second elastic insulating layer sequentially piled together thereon. The first elastic conductive layer includes a plurality of first coupling sections and a plurality of first connecting sections. The second elastic conductive layer includes a plurality of second coupling sections and a plurality of second connecting sections disposed between the second coupling sections. The elastic dielectric layer is deposited between the first elastic conductive layer and the second elastic conductive layer.

Abstract: Some embodiments include a measuring probe adapted to be attached to a probe head of a coordinate measuring machine for determination of at least one spatial coordinate of a measurement point on an object to be measured, the measuring probe comprising an optical measuring unit adapted to provide distance measurements of measuring points at the object and a probe interface which provides modular mounting of the measuring probe to a probe head of the coordinate measuring machine and transmission, in particular bidirectional transmission, of optical signals between the probe and the coordinate measuring machine. The probe interface is designed as an integrally formed module providing a reproducible mountability of the measuring probe at the probe head and comprising a one-sided component of a ball bearing.

Abstract: A film thickness measurement device includes a light source, an imaging component, and a controller. The controller estimates unknown variables I1(j), I20(j), k(j), and t(i) based on the Formula (1), where i represents an observation point number of an interference image captured by the imaging component, j represents a number for a type of wavelength of monochromatic light, ?(j) represents wavelength of the monochromatic light, n represents a refractive index of a semi-transparent film, g(i,j) represents a brightness value observed at an observation point, I1(j) represents an intensity of reflected light from a front face of the semi-transparent film, I20(j) represents an intensity of reflected light from a rear face of the semi-transparent film when there is no absorption of light in the semi-transparent film, k(j) represents an absorption coefficient of the semi-transparent film, and t(i) represents a film thickness of the semi-transparent film.

Abstract: An optical height gauge including a housing, a mounting bar coupled to, and maintained partially in, the housing, a mounting bracket connected to the mounting bar, the mounting bracket including at least one light source holder, a camera mount connected to the mounting bracket, and a tilt bar connected to the mounting bracket and contacting the mounting bar.

Abstract: Provided is a sensor head that can be miniaturized without compromising the measurement accuracy. A case of the sensor head includes a first case part and a second case part respectively having a substantially cylindrical shape with an axis, i.e., optical axis, as a central axis and being opened at an end part, and a connection member having a substantially annular shape with the axis as a central axis. The first case part and the second case part are connected to each other by screwing female thread parts and respectively formed on the inner circumferential surfaces thereof to a male thread part of the connection member.

Abstract: Surface sensing systems and methods for imaging a scanned surface of a sample via sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy are disclosed herein. The systems include a sample holder, a visible light source configured to direct a visible light beam incident upon a sampled location of the scanned surface and a tunable IR source configured to direct a tunable IR beam coincident with the visible light beam upon the sampled location. The systems also include a scanning structure configured to scan the visible light beam and the tunable IR beam across the scanned surface, and a light filter configured to receive an emitted beam from the scanned surface and to filter the emitted beam to generate a filtered light beam. The systems further include a light detection system configured to receive the filtered light beam, and an alignment structure. The methods include methods of operating the systems.

Abstract: Methods and systems for use of a three dimensional measurement laser are disclosed. An example method can comprise receiving, at a laser measuring device, an article (e.g., a flooring article) having a plurality of faces, the article being conveyed in a direction. At least a portion of a first face and a second face of the plurality of faces of the article can be irradiated with a laser of the laser measuring device to measure one or more profile dimensions associated with the first and second faces of the article. The measured profile dimensions associated with the first face and the profile dimensions associated with the second face are compared to predefined reference dimensions. In response to a difference between measured profile dimensions associated with the first face and the second face and the predefined reference dimensions exceeding a threshold value, the article can be determined to be defective.

Abstract: A system and device that measures a specimen's surface profile by passing a bright white light source through a series of lenses which generate repeatable chromatic focal shift variations of wavelengths of white light for Z axis measurements. The movement of the sensor along an X-Y raster pattern is controlled by a X-directional and Y-directional scanner used in combination with X and Y actuators. The system and device translate the chromatic focal shifts into digital data which may then be used to both control the position of the lenses along the surface of the specimen and generate a 3D topographical images of the specimens being profiled.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, a method of measuring a surface of an object having a curved shape by measuring a distance from a measurement head to the object, includes: setting a measuring region of the object and a threshold value of concave and convex; acquiring shape reference data including the curved shape of the object; acquiring three-dimensional data of the surface of the object by measuring the distance between the object in the measuring region and the measurement head; acquiring curve removed data by removing the shape reference data from the three-dimensional data; calculating second reference data by calculating first reference data based on the curve removed data, by removing data exceeding the threshold value with respect to the first reference data, from the curve removed data, and by averaging the curve removed data; and calculating shape data of the concave and convex.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a shape inspection method, a shape inspection apparatus, and a program capable of adjusting the brightness and the thickness of a light-section line in a light-section image more simply and objectively.

Abstract: A vehicle wheel alignment rack is described herein that includes at least one laser and a target. The laser is removably coupled to a wheel of a vehicle. The target corresponds to the laser and is disposed at an opposite end of the vehicle from the laser. The target is directly and removably coupled to a frame of the vehicle such that the target is aligned with the frame at a known angle. The wheel is aligned to the frame by comparing the known angle to an expected and actual position on the target where a beam of light from the laser strikes the target. Some embodiments of the claimed invention include at least a second laser and a second target similarly disposed. Various means of coupling the target or targets to the frame are also disclosed herein.

Abstract: A system is disclosed that comprises a camera module and a control and evaluation unit. The camera module is designed to be attached to the surveying pole and comprises at least one camera for capturing images. The control and evaluation unit has stored a program with program code so as to control and execute a functionality in which a series of images of the surrounding is captured with the at least one camera; a SLAM-evaluation with a defined algorithm using the series of images is performed, wherein a reference point field is built up and poses for the captured images are determined; and, based on the determined poses, a point cloud comprising 3D-positions of points of the surrounding can be computed by forward intersection using the series of images, particularly by using dense matching algorithm.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method and apparatus for determining the misalignment between a device and a platform (such as for example a vessel or vehicle) using radius of rotation of the device, wherein mobility of the device may be constrained or unconstrained within the platform. The device may be moved or tilted to any orientation within the platform and still provide a seamless navigation solution without degrading the performance of this navigation solution. This method can utilize measurements (readings) from sensors (such as for example, accelerometers, gyroscopes, etc.) whether in the presence or in the absence of navigational information updates (such as, for example, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) or WiFi positioning).

Abstract: A system for determining and correcting a calculated orientation of a computing device based on data from an accelerometer and a gyroscope. The system utilizes a modified Kalman filter that updates covariance to reduce decay over time based on a residual of the filter. Gyroscope bias is tracked and offset based on the updated covariance and the residual. The residual is based on an observational orientation determined from an angle between a measured acceleration vector and an expected acceleration vector, rotating a predicted frame based on the angle.

Abstract: The described embodiments relate to a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) for use in a fiber optic gyroscope (FOG). Some embodiments describe a PIC with connectors for coupling to external components such as a light source, a photodetector and a fiber coil, with beamsplitting devices (e.g., couplers), waveguide and other photonic components integrated on the PIC. Some embodiments describe a hybrid PIC (HPIC) with the PIC, light source and photodetector attached to a common submount, and with connectors for coupling to a fiber coil. Other embodiments describe an extended PIC (EPIC) that integrates the PIC components, the light source, the photodetector, and other components (e.g., a wavemeter) on a common substrate. The described embodiments may also include a detection/feedback circuit that provides control signals and other parameters to the PIC, HPIC, or EPIC, and receives output signals from the PIC, HPIC, or EPIC.

Abstract: Method and device for providing safe zone information. The method includes receiving a map of an incident area sensor information from at least one sensor at the incident area. The method also includes determining a multi-dimensional model of the incident area based on the map of the incident area and the sensor information and determining a first threat location based on the sensor information, the map of the incident area, and the multi-dimensional model of the incident area. The method further includes determining a plurality of safe zone shadow areas based on the first threat location. The method also includes updating the multi-dimensional model of the incident area to include the plurality of safe zone shadow areas and to generate a safe zone shadow representation of the incident area and transmitting the safe zone shadow representation to at least one user device in the incident area.

Abstract: There is provided a mobile device comprising a geomagnetic sensor configured to detect a geomagnetic value, and at least one controller configured to perform a notification for a user using a predetermined device when it determines that a pattern of a change of the geomagnetic value matches with a predetermined geomagnetic pattern.

Abstract: A method of tracing a position of a pipeline using a mapping probe includes: inserting and moving the mapping probe in a pipeline; receiving and keeping acceleration information and angular information in real time in a memory; estimating Euler angle (roll and pitch); estimating Euler angle (roll, pitch, and yaw); estimating a system modeling; estimating and applying covariance of system noise and covariance of measured noise; estimating three-dimensional position information modeling; receiving and keeping movement distance information of the mapping probe from an encoder in a memory; estimating and keeping in real time three-dimensional position information of the mapping probe in the memory; receiving the accumulated real-time three-dimensional position information of the mapping probe; mapping the accumulated real-time three-dimensional position information of the mapping probe to geographic information; and displaying the accumulated position information of the mapping probe mapped to the geographic info

Abstract: A method and system localizing a mobile device along a pedestrian route traversed in an indoor area, the mobile device including a processor and a memory.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, including computer programs encoded on a computer storage medium, can be used to dynamically generate electronic maps with highlighted entity boundaries. In one aspect, a method includes receiving a request for an electronic map segment for a geographic region, with the request identifying a geographic entity to be highlighted in the requested electronic map segment. A plurality of layers of map data associated with the geographic region and data defining a boundary of the identified geographic entity are retrieved in response to the request. The electronic map segment is rendered based on the retrieved plurality of layers of map data and the data defining the boundary of the geographic entity, with one or more of the retrieved layers are rendered over a rendering of a highlighted boundary of the geographic entity. The rendered electronic map segment is transmitted in response to the request.

Abstract: Systems and methods for robotic mapping are disclosed. In some exemplary implementations, a robot can travel in an environment. From travelling in the environment, the robot can create a graph comprising a plurality of nodes, wherein each node corresponds to a scan taken by a sensor of the robot at a location in the environment. In some exemplary implementations, the robot can generate a map of the environment from the graph. In some cases, to facilitate map generation, the robot can constrain the graph to start and end at a substantially similar location. The robot can also perform scan matching on extended scan groups, determined from identifying overlap between scans, to further determine the location of features in a map.