Abstract: A device for enhancing the breathing efficiency of a patient is provided. The implantable device may include a deployed configuration with one or more helical sections with proximal end in a stand-off proximal end configuration. The stand-off proximal end configuration may reduce migration of the deployed device and may preserve implant tissue compression. Alternative configurations may include two or more helical sections with a transition section disposed between the two or more helical sections. A device may include a right-handed helical section and a left-handed helical section and the transition section comprises a switchback transition section. The switchback section may provide greater control of the device during deployment by limiting recoiling forces of a device comprising a spring material. The deployed device may compress the lung to increase a gas filling resistance of the compressed portion of the lung, and/or increase tension and elastic recoil in other portions of the lung.

Abstract: An occlusion assembly and its uses in a REBOA procedure is disclosed. The occlusion assembly includes a single elongate shaft having an inflatable balloon, a proximal neck portion, a distal neck portion. The shaft defines a single lumen through which a wire is positioned for support of the shaft and through which an inflation fluid is also passed to inflate the balloon.

Abstract: A temporary aortic occlusion device is disclosed, having an expandable locator portion and an expandable occlusion portion. The expandable locator portion assists a user in determining whether the distal end of the device has been advanced within a patient's aorta, and the occlusion portion is expanded to occlude the patient's aorta, preferably below the renal arteries.

Abstract: Devices and methods for treatment of a patient's vasculature are described. Embodiments may include a resilient self-expanding permeable implant having a radially constrained elongated state configured for delivery within a catheter lumen and an expanded state with a longitudinally shortened configuration, and a plurality of elongate filaments which are woven together. Each of the plurality of elongate filaments may have a diameter between about 0.0005 and about 0.005 inches. The implant includes at least some filaments consisting of nitinol and at least some composite filaments that are drawn filled tube wires comprising an external nitinol tube and a highly radiopaque material concentrically disposed within the external tube. The implant has at least about 40% composite filaments relative to a total number of filaments, and wherein a total number of filaments is about 10 to about 300.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a braid for treating an aneurysm. The braid can include a first radially expandable segment operable to move from a collapsed state within a microcatheter to a deployed state distal of the microcatheter. The first radially expandable segment can be capable of radially expanding to form an outer occlusive sack in the aneurysm in the deployed state. The braid can also include a second radially expandable segment operable to move from the collapsed state within the microcatheter to the deployed state distal of the microcatheter, wherein the second radially expandable segment is capable of radially expanding inside the outer occlusive sack to form an inner occlusive sack in the outer occlusive sack in the deployed state.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a self-expanding braid for treating an aneurysm. The braid can include a lumen with a proximal end opposite a distal end. Translating the braid can cause a distal segment of the braid to expand and form an outer occlusive sack while a segment proximal the distal segment can invert into the outer occlusive sack like a tube sock. The braid can then be detached from its delivery system.

Abstract: The invention provides methods for reducing traumatic injury through the use of ischemic conditioning.

Abstract: A blade cartridge for use with a surgical saw includes a bar and a rack. The bar includes a first holding feature for removably holding the bar static to the saw. The rack includes a base moveably disposed in the bar and has cutting teeth defining extending beyond the bar. A drive link extends from the base, providing a second holding feature for releasably engaging a reciprocating drive integral with the saw. One of the base and the bar includes a guide slot. The other of the base and the bar includes a static member extending into the guide slot. The guide slot and the static member allow the rack to reciprocally move from proximal to distal to proximal along a longitudinal axis of the bar. The bar includes two plates and a spacer between the plates. The base is located between the plates.

Abstract: The present invention is directed at a thermally sensitive retention mechanism for orthopedic cutting instruments. More specifically, the present invention incorporates structural engagement features into a rotational orthopedic cutting instrument that transfers torque from a driver to a cutting component and which upon heating result in disengagement of the cutting component from the driver portion.

Abstract: Bone harvesting tools and methods of use thereof are disclosed. In an embodiment, the tool comprises a chamber having a first aperture, a second aperture, an internal cavity, and a suction source fluidly connected with the chamber. The suction source is effective to generate negative pressure within the internal cavity of the chamber. The tool also has a reamer having a reaming portion, the reamer being sized to extend through the first and second apertures of the chamber, wherein the reamer is movable relative to the chamber. Additionally, the tool includes a storage container fluidly connected to the internal cavity of the chamber and effective to receive bone and/or cellular material extracted from the patient, the bone and/or cellular material being extracted during reaming a bone of the patient with the reamer.

Abstract: A surgical drilling system for determining proximity of a surgical drill bit to an artery during a drilling procedure, including an excitation and/or collection optical channel of a spectral absorption probe, wherein the excitation channel provides light configured for absorption by blood chromophores and the collection channel captures diffused back-scattered light modulated by said artery; a light detector; and a signal processor for determining a distance between the tissue and the probe based on said back-scattered light. A process for determining proximity of a surgical drill bit to an artery during a drilling procedure includes bringing said excitation light near the tissue including the artery; capturing diffused back-scattered light from said tissue; detecting said light modulated by said blood flow dynamics including an oscillating signal related to said periodic change; and processing said light and determining the proximity of the surgical drill bit to the artery.

Abstract: A distal biceps tendon repair device is disclosed. The device allows for anatomically correct biceps tendon repair using a single incision anterior approach without the risk associated with a double incision posterior approach. The distal biceps tendon repair device eliminates the necessity of cutting supinator muscle and greatly reduces the risk of contact or damage to vital structures such as arteries or nerves. The device has a bone drill guide mechanically coupled to a cannulated bone hook. A retrieval wire passes through the cannulated bone hook to grasp a suture or suture guide that has passed through a cannulated drill bit retained by the bone drill guide, the retrieval wore brings the suture through the cannulated hone hook, thus bringing the suture through and around the hone for subsequent anatomically correct attachment and placement of sutures used to reattach the distal biceps tendon to the bone.

Abstract: A method for suctioning an object in a blood vessel, the method comprising: inserting an expansion portion connected to a shaft portion on a distal portion of the shaft portion into the blood vessel; expanding the expansion portion in the blood vessel; inserting a suction catheter along the shaft portion into the blood vessel; reciprocating at least the expansion portion or the suction catheter relative to each other along an axial axis of the shaft portion; and suctioning the object with the suction catheter.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a body assembly, a dilation catheter, a first guide catheter, and a guide catheter identification module. The body assembly includes a first electrical interface. The first guide catheter is configured to slidably receive the dilation catheter. The first guide catheter includes a first rigid shaft and a first guide catheter electrical contact. The first rigid shaft has a first rigid bend formed near the first distal end. The first rigid bend defines a first fixed bend angle. The first guide catheter is configured to be removably coupled with the body assembly such that the first guide catheter electrical contact engages the first electrical interface of the body assembly. The guide catheter identification module is operable to identify the first guide catheter based on engagement between the first guide catheter electrical contact and the first electrical interface of the body assembly.

Abstract: A guidewire includes an elongate tube, a connector, a sensor, and a conduit. The elongate tube includes a proximal portion and a distal portion. The elongate tube has a tubular profile with a substantially smooth surface extending between the proximal portion and the distal portion. The distal portion has an outer diameter sized to fit within a drainage passageway of a paranasal sinus. The elongate tube is formed of a material configured to tolerate sterilization. The connector is configured to communicate with a navigation system. The elongate tube is rotatable relative to the connector. The conduit extends from the connector to the sensor. The conduit is configured to communicate a signal from the sensor to the connector.

Abstract: A surgical device comprising: (a) a first jaw having a face; (b) a second jaw having a face that is substantially adjacent the face of the first jaw when the first jaw and the second jaw are in a closed position; (c) a pivot connecting the first jaw and the second jaw together so that the first jaw and second jaw are movable between an open position and the closed position; (d) one or more fluid passageways extending between the first jaw, the second jaw, or both and a region outside of the surgical device so that fluid passes through the first jaw, the second jaw, or both; and (e) a valve connected to the first jaw, the second jaw, or both, the one or more fluid passageways extending through the valve so that when the first jaw and the second jaw are in the open position the valve is open and fluid can extend through the one or more fluid passageways and when the first jaw and the second jaw are in the closed position the valve is closed and fluid is prevented from flowing through the one or more fluid passa

Abstract: In one aspect, a tunneling tool for creating a subcutaneous pocket below a skin surface is provided. The tunneling tool may include a handle, a rod, a first prong, and a second prong. The rod and the first and second prongs may extend from a first end of the handle. The rod may extend farther from the first end of the handle than the first and second prongs and be configured to create the subcutaneous pocket. The first and second prongs may be configured to limit the depth at which the rod is capable of creating the subcutaneous pocket. The first and second prong may comprise first and second length indicators, respectively, configured to indicate a length of the subcutaneous pocket formed by the rod. In another aspect, a method of creating a subcutaneous pocket using the tunneling tool is provided.

Abstract: A tissue treatment device has a shaft assembly including an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve. The inner sleeve is co-axially and rotatably received in an axial passageway in the outer sleeve. A dielectric housing has an outer cutting window forming a distal portion of the outer sleeve, and a distal portion of the inner sleeve forms an RF electrode and has an inner cutting window formed therein. The outer and inner cutting windows have outer and inner cutting edges disposed to close together as the inner sleeve is rotated relative to the outer sleeve.

Abstract: A rongeur cutting system and method of operating said system. The rongeur cutting system may comprise a cutting unit that includes an outer tube and a cutting implement capable of both oscillation and longitudinal movement within the outer tube. The rongeur cutting system may also comprise a handpiece including a power source and spindle for actuating the cutting implement. The spindle is designed to allow the cutting implement to oscillate while simultaneously moving longitudinally relative to the spindle. The handpiece may further comprises an advancement and retraction assembly that selectively displaces the cutting implement so the distal end of the cutting implement can be advanced towards and retracted away from the distal end of the outer tube. The method of operating the rongeur cutting system may comprise manually operating the system to move the cutting implement longitudinally while periodically actuating the power source to simultaneously oscillate the cutting implement.

Abstract: A medical device can include a working end comprising a jaw mechanism configured to perform a clamping function and a translating cutting mechanism configured to perform a cutting function in response to translating movement of the translating cutting mechanism. The medical device can further include at least two user-actuated input mechanisms, and a computer processor operably coupled to the working end and to the at least two user-actuated control input mechanisms.

Abstract: A joint surgical system includes, a treatment tool, a high-frequency output section which outputs high-frequency energy to the treatment tool, an ultrasonic output section which outputs ultrasonic energy to the treatment tool, a measurement section which measures a temperature of the liquid, and a control section which controls the high-frequency output section to stop output of the high-frequency energy and controls the ultrasonic output section to continue output of the ultrasonic energy when a measurement temperature measured by the measurement section is equal to or higher than a predetermined temperature.

Abstract: In an energy treatment system, circuitry temporally detects an electrical property value of an ultrasonic transducer. After an elapse of predetermined time since a power supply outputs electric power by first output power, when determining that the value has started gradual decrease, causes the power supply to change the electric power from the first output power to second output power smaller than the first output power, and after the change to the second output power, when the electrical property has gradually increased, causes the power supply to change the electric power from the second output power to third output power larger than the second output power.

Abstract: A medical device to effectively remove an object, like an intravascular thrombus, in a body lumen includes: a rotatable tubular driving shaft; a cutting part that is provided on a distal side of the driving shaft, rotates together with the driving shaft, and cuts the thrombus; and a second cutting part that is disposed near the distal side of the driving shaft, inward of the cutting part.

Abstract: A sterile needle guide system for directing needle entry during a medical procedure includes a needle guide plate extending in a plane and having a plurality tubular needle guides extending through the plate at an normal angle to the plane of the plate. A movable base translatable along an axis normal to the plane of the plate defines features to removably receiving the plate. A calibrator attachment is removably securable to the needle guide plate and enables attachment of the needle guide plate to the base and calibration of the needle guide position in a sterile manner. In embodiments, the movable base includes a base body, a rail component over which the base body is movably coupled, and a ratchet mechanism for releasably securing the base body to the rail component. The disclosed needle guide system enables the needle guide plate to be positioned directly adjacent to the patient's perennial to reduce the curvature of deflection of the needle upon entry into the patient's body during the biopsy procedure.

Abstract: Provided is an endoscopic surgical device and an overtube with which a surgeon can easily obtain a desired image and operability is high. The overtube includes a slider within an overtube body, which guides an endoscope and a treatment tool into a body cavity. An endoscope-coupled part and a treatment tool-coupled part are provided inside the slider, and the slider has a dead zone where the forward and backward movement of either the endoscope or the treatment tool does not interlock with the movement of the other and a sensing zone where the forward and backward movement of either the endoscope or the treatment tool interlocks with the movement of the other. F1>F2 is satisfied when a fixing force for fixing the endoscope-coupled part to the endoscope tool is defined as F1 and a fixing force for fixing the treatment tool-coupled part to the treatment tool is defined as F2.

Abstract: A pad is provided having a body for providing a gas seal over a surgical site, a port extending between a first surface of the body and a second surface of the body and sized accept a surgical instrument, and a lumen situated along the body and having a first opening and a second opening, the second opening aligned with the surgical site for communicating a fluid flow to the surgical site.

Abstract: A bone screw, for drawing first and second bone fragments together, includes a shaft having a distal section and a proximal section. The distal section has a first external male screw thread and a minor diameter. The proximal section has a second external male screw thread. A major diameter of the distal section is larger than a major diameter of the proximal section. The bone screw includes a sleeve that has an internal female screw thread configured to mate with the second male screw thread. A distal portion of the sleeve has an outer diameter. The outer diameter is equal to or smaller than the minor diameter of the distal section of the shaft.

Abstract: Methods and devices for the tailored restraint of two separate bones, in which the bones are generally permitted to rotate relative to one another, or move toward each other, but are restrained from separating beyond a predetermined, fixed distance. In some embodiments, the restraint is provided by compressing a tether into a notched groove.

Abstract: A polyaxial bone screw assembly includes a threaded shank body having an integral shank head receivable in a one-piece receiver having an upper channel for receiving a longitudinal connecting member and a lower cavity cooperating with a lower opening. A compression insert (some with an independent tool lock, lock and release feature and/or friction fit feature) and a split retaining ring articulatable with respect to both the shank head and the receiver (prior to locking) cooperate with the receiver to provide for pop- or snap-on assembly of the shank with the receiver either prior to or after implantation of the shank into a vertebra.

Abstract: A bone anchoring device includes a receiving part having a central axis, two legs defining a recess for receiving a rod, and a head receiving portion that is at least partially expandable and having an opening for inserting and pivotably holding a head of a bone anchoring element therein, and a locking ring mountable around the head receiving portion in an axial direction while a rotational orientation of the locking ring relative to the receiving part remains constant. When the locking ring is around the head receiving portion, the locking ring is rotatable around the central axis from a first rotational orientation to a second rotational orientation where a compressive force exerted by the locking ring on the head receiving portion is greater than at the first rotational orientation.

Abstract: A polyaxial bone anchoring device includes: an anchoring element having a shaft for anchoring in a bone and a head, the head having a spherically-shaped outer surface portion; a receiving part configured to be pivotably connected to the head, the receiving part having a top end and a bottom end, a longitudinal axis extending through the top end and the bottom end, a channel transverse to the longitudinal axis for receiving a rod, and an accommodation space for accommodating the head, the accommodation space having a lower opening at the bottom end, a sleeve-like insert piece configured to be positioned around a portion of the head and to pivot in the receiving part, the insert piece having a spherically-shaped outer surface portion, wherein a lower edge of the insert piece extends past the lower opening in a direction away from the receiving part when the insert piece is seated in the receiving part in a position in which a central axis of the insert piece is coaxial with the longitudinal axis, and wherein th

Abstract: In some embodiments, a method includes disposing a flexible band through an aperture of a support member, the support member having a fixation portion configured to secure the support member to a first bone portion. The method includes advancing a portion of the flexible band through an attachment portion of the flexible band until the flexible band is secured to a second bone portion. The method includes advancing a portion of the fixation portion of the support member into the first bone portion until the support member is secured to the first bone portion.

Abstract: An adjustable cervical link system that includes a plurality of cervical links for adjustable fixation to articles of a patient's cervical spine, and a connecting assembly having a generally rectangular loop shape defining a substantially open interior therebetween. Each cervical link has a plurality of circular holes each arranged to receive a screw thereby securing the cervical link to the respective article of a patient's cervical spine at a bottom portion of the cervical link. Each cervical link has a plurality of recessed portion along a top portion of the cervical link. Each recessed portion has a generally U-shaped cross-section formed by a bottom portion and a pair of spaced apart side walls. The connecting assembly is arranged to be placed in and frictionally engage the U-shaped cross-section of the recessed portions.

Abstract: An implant device is provided that is configured for implantation at multiple locations between adjacent vertebrae. The implant device comprises an implant body, a first portion of the implant body, and a second portion of the implant body adjustably interconnected with the first portion. The implant body has a compact orientation and an extended orientation to allow the implant body to be shifted from one orientation to the other orientation for being positioned in any one of areas between the spinous processes of the adjacent vertebrae, between laminar regions of the adjacent vertebrae, spanning an opening in the annulus between the adjacent vertebrae, and in the intervertebral space between the adjacent vertebrae.

Abstract: A surgical guide assembly for selecting a target site for insertion of a fixation implant, the surgical guide used in conjunction with fluoroscopy or other x-ray-based imaging for selecting a target site into bone based upon a rendered radiographic image of the bone. The guide includes a planar radiolucent guide tool with radiopaque markers and seats for accommodating securement components that can be engaged in apertures within securement seats of the radiolucent guide tool and contacted or positioned adjacent target bone for establishing a path to a bone target to guide the placement of an implant relative to a reference point, such as a first implant. In the guide tool may include visual indicia corresponding with one or more of the securement seats.

Abstract: In one general aspect, an orthopaedic fixation device includes an inner core and shaft formed of a multi-layered, fiber-reinforced composite. A sensing element is embedded within the multi-layered, fiber-reinforced composite.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a positioning device module (200, 203?) for its releasable connection to a positioning device (100, 100?, 100?, 100??), wherein the positioning device module (200, 203) is prepared and designed for positioning and/or fixing an intramedullary nail (19) in a long bone (300), for fixing an osteosynthesis plate on a long bone and/or for fixing a prosthesis in a long bone (300). The positioning device module (200, 203?) comprises a targeting device (5) for receiving an interlocking device (21) or an instrument for acting on the interlocking device (21), a receiving section (203) for receiving the targeting device (5) and optionally a joint (201) or a deformable section for connecting the positioning device module (200, 203), to the positioning device (100, 100?, 100?, 100??), Wherein the joint (201) or the deformable section comprises at least one rotary axis.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for performing an osteotomy. One embodiment includes a kit comprising a bone plate, a bridging device, and a spreading device. The bridge is configured to hold open the incision in the bone, whether the spreading device is inserted into the bone, or the bone plate is attached to the bone. The spreading device preferably includes a scissors-type mechanism for spreading two wedge-shaped members apart, contemplating both pivotal and displacement movements of one wedging member relative to another wedging member. The spring device preferably includes an ergonomic grip for the hand of the physician, and a hammering surface useful in inserting the spreading device into the incision.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for fusing bones of the human body. The apparatus comprises a bone plate which generally is a member having one or more fixation apertures, configured to receive fasteners, and an insert aperture. The bone plate comprises a semi-rigid material, such as a biocompatible metal or Polyetheretherketone (PEEK), possessing a tensile strength suitable for immobilizing bones. A convertible insert is configured to be retained within the insert aperture. The convertible insert is configured to optimally direct a fastener towards a chosen point of purchase for fixating or compressing bones. In some embodiments, the insert is configured to direct a fastener at an oblique angle relative to a plane of the fusion plate. In some embodiments, the insert is configured to direct a fastener at a substantially right angle relative to the fusion plate.

Abstract: A spine plate implant utilizes cam lock setscrews to retain bone screws in the plate once implanted. A cam lock setscrew is received in a setscrew pocket adjacent a configured bone screw bore of the plate and is configured to allow a bone screw to be received in the plate when in an unlocked rotational position, and to retain the received bone screw when in a locked rotational position. The bone screw may include a tang that allows engagement with external teeth of the cam lock setscrew when the cam lock setscrew is rotated into the locked position. Once the cam lock setscrew is in the locked position, the bone screw is inhibited from backing out of the bone screw bore. When the cam lock setscrew is in the unlocked position, a flat of the cam lock setscrew is adjacent the bone screw tang so the bone screw may be removed.

Abstract: Various bone screws configured to be implanted into bone and methods of use are provided. In an exemplary embodiment, a bone screw is provided with an elongate shank having at least two threads thereon, and having a distal facing surface with at least two cutting edges. The cutting edges can be configured to cut bone as the bone screw is rotated into bone, thereby forming a path for the threads.

Abstract: System and method for automatically bending a surgical rod are provided. The system includes a linear movement device configured to axially feed the surgical rod, a rotational movement device configured to rotate the surgical rod as it is axially fed, and a bending device including a roller to impose bending forces against the rod. The rod is free from contact with the bending device after it is axially fed past the roller.

Abstract: A surgical elevator device that can be used in the reduction of bone fractures, particularly facial bone fractures, and even more particularly zygomatic arch fractures. The elevator device enables accurate measurement of the depth of insertion of the device into tissue space and provides tactile control of fracture location and reduction. In one embodiment, the elevator device comprises a groove on an elevator element for receiving a bone structure. The groove can be formed by a pair of parallel ridges. A projection extending from the elevator provides a pivot point for applying a controlled force to the bone to reduce the fracture. A preferred embodiment further comprises a method of reducing a bone fracture, such as a zygomatic arch fracture.

Abstract: A compression screw driver system including a drive member having a shaft extending from a proximal end to a distal end. A drive selection member is positioned about the shaft and is axially moveable along the shaft between an engagement position and a disengaged position. A distal portion of the drive selection member defines a first engagement structure. A compression sleeve is positioned over the distal end of the shaft. The proximal end of the compression sleeve defines a second engagement structure which complements the first engagement structure and the distal end of the compression sleeve defines a contact surface. In the engagement position the first and second engagement structures are engaged and the compression sleeve rotates with the drive member and in the disengaged position the first and second engagement structures are disengaged and the compression sleeve remains stationary while the drive member rotates.

Abstract: A foot control assembly for a user to control at least one stage of an ablation procedure. The ablation procedure can include an inflation stage, an ablation stage, a time to isolation and a thawing stage. The foot control assembly includes a controller and a plurality of spaced apart foot members. Each foot member is configured to be manually actuated. Each foot member sends at least one (i) initiation signal to the controller to initiate at least one stage of the ablation procedure, and/or (ii) termination signal to the controller to terminate at least one stage of the ablation procedure. For example, the initiation signal can initiate the inflation stage, the ablation stage and/or a calculation of time to isolation. The termination signal can terminate the inflation stage, the ablation stage and/or the thawing stage.

Abstract: A remote control system for an intravascular catheter system includes a controller, a transmitter that wirelessly communicates transmitter output, and a receiver that receives the transmitter output. The receiver communicates the transmitter output to the controller to control at least a portion of the intravascular catheter system. The transmitter can include a transmitter controller and/or a transmitter interface. The transmitter controller can download, process and/or store sensor output wirelessly received from a control system. The transmitter interface can display catheter system settings and/or mirror a graphical display, and may include a touch screen. The transmitter can also wirelessly connect to technical support and/or a hospital information system. The transmitter can also wirelessly communicate transmitter output to initiate and/or terminate at least one stage of an ablation procedure.

Abstract: Disclosed is a soft tissue excision apparatus having a handle and an elongated blade support member extending from the handle. The distal end of blade support member includes a first thermally conductive blade support arm and a second thermally conductive blade support arm. An electrically heatable blade is supported at and electrically isolated from the distal ends of the two thermally conductive blade support arms. A first electrically conductive lead extends from the proximal end of the thermally conductive blade support member to a first blade heater contact pad. A second electrically conductive lead extends from the proximal end of the thermally conductive blade support member to a second blade heater contact pad. First and second electrically conductive flexible leads extend from the proximal end of the thermally conductive blade support member to a controller.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a cutting and/or coagulating device that includes a cutting and/or coagulating member and a radio frequency generator such that an output of the radio frequency generator is connected to the cutting and/or coagulating member. The cutting and/or coagulating member is electrically resonant at the frequency of the radio frequency generator. Further, the cutting and/or coagulating member may include a resistance wire which is configured to directly contact a target cutting material. The cutting and/or coagulating member may be further heated to a visible glow. Furthermore, a method of cutting and/or coagulating is also contemplated.

Abstract: A method comprises simultaneously presenting on a display a plurality of graphical screen sections, each graphical screen section comprising adjustable control settings. The plurality of graphical screen sections respectively align with a plurality of connector ports, and each connector port is configured to be operably coupled with a surgical instrument.

Abstract: A conductive adhesion preventing film for medical use, includes: a nonconductive base material; and a linear conductor having a length of 10 ?m or more and a diameter of more than 50 nm and contained in the conductive adhesion preventing film by an amount of 5% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, wherein the conductive adhesion preventing film is formed on an electrode surface of a medical device performing at least one of incision, resection, coagulation, and ablation on living tissue by applying a high frequency voltage.