Abstract: The heat exchange device includes a primary heat exchanger and a secondary heat exchanger. The secondary heat exchanger is disposed to overlap the primary heat exchanger in a vertical direction in a state in which the heat exchange device is installed. The secondary heat exchanger includes a plurality of first pipes and a plurality of second pipes. Each of the plurality of first pipes and the plurality of second pipes extends in a zigzag manner in the vertical direction by a plurality of linear portions being connected to a plurality of curved portions in series. Each of the plurality of linear portions of each of the plurality of second pipes is disposed to be displaced from each of the plurality of linear portions of each of the plurality of first pipes in the vertical direction.

Abstract: Provided is a heat exchanger having an optimal design satisfying appropriate pressure resistance and manufacturing characteristics, as well as maximizing heat transfer performance in an internal wall thickness, an outer wall thickness, and the number of holes of an extruded tube. Another embodiment of the present invention is directed to providing a heat exchanger having an optimal design formed based on a more systematic rule so as to be easily applied to tubes of various sizes.

Abstract: A pressure vessel includes a pressure vessel body provided with a flow channel through which a fluid is caused to flow, having a rectangular cross-sectional shape, and formed in an elongated shape, and a circular body flange provided on at least one longitudinal end side of the pressure vessel body, the pressure vessel body has a fluid inlet-outlet port which is provided on the one longitudinal end side and the body flange side of the pressure vessel body and connects with the flow channel and through which the fluid is caused to flow in or out, and the pressure vessel further includes an inlet-outlet header which is formed between the pressure vessel body and the body flange as a closed space connecting with the fluid inlet-outlet port and which the fluid is caused to flow into and out of.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a shell; multiple exchange tubes disposed in multiple layers from the center to the wall of the shell inside the shell; a first board and a second board arranged in parallel inside the shell; and a first spiral gas tube winding in a same direction, the first spiral gas tube having a first wall provided with a plurality of first gas pores, and the first spiral gas tube has a first inlet and a first outlet that respectively communicates with out-source gas. The heat exchanger can carry out online disturbance to the fluid in the shell internally, even in the case that the fluid media are dirty and viscous, the mixing of the fluid media tends to be uniform continuously, thus effectively improving the heat exchange effect, and convenient for cleaning, purging and maintaining the interior of the device.

Abstract: The disclosure is related to a heat dissipation structure. The heat dissipation structure is adapted to accommodate a fluid and thermally contact a heat source. The heat dissipation structure includes a heat conductive plate and a channel arrangement. The heat conductive plate is configured to thermally contact the heat source. The channel arrangement is located on the heat conductive plate, and the channel arrangement includes a wider channel portion and a narrower channel portion. The wider channel portion is wider than the narrower channel portion, and the wider channel portion is connected to the narrower channel portion so that the channel arrangement forms a loop. The channel arrangement is configured to accommodate the fluid and allow the fluid to absorb heat generated by the heat source through the heat conductive plate so as to at least partially change phase of the fluid.

Abstract: The device and methods described herein relate to the isothermal heat transport through an intermittent liquid supply to an evaporator device, thereby enabling high evaporative heat transfer coefficients. A liquid and vapor mixture flows through miniature and micro-channels in an evaporator and addresses flow instabilities encountered in these channels as bubbles rapidly expand. Additionally, a high percentage of the fins are exposed to vapor and limit the required charge of refrigerant t within the system due to effective condensate removal in the condenser.

Abstract: A wick structure and a loop heat pipe using same are disclosed. The loop heat pipe includes an evaporation chamber, the wick structure and a condensate line. The wick structure is disposed in the evaporation chamber. The evaporation chamber has an outlet and an inlet. The wick structure has a main body, and a plurality of grooves is axially formed on an outer peripheral surface of the main body. The grooves respectively have an open side and a closed side. The open side has a width smaller than that of the closed side. The grooves having the above configuration enable the loop heat pipe to have increased vapor-liquid circulation efficiency.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a device and a process for the storage and restitution of heat which comprises at least two concentric heat storage volumes (TES1, TES2, TES3). The walls (2) delimiting these storage volumes are configured in a manner such that the thickness of the wall delimiting the central storage volume is greater than the thickness of the wall delimiting the peripheral storage volume.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides pumped thermal energy storage systems that can be used to store electrical energy. A pumped thermal energy storage system of the present disclosure can store energy by operating as a heat pump or refrigerator, whereby net work input can be used to transfer heat from the cold side to the hot side. A working fluid of the system is capable of efficient heat exchange with heat storage fluids on a hot side of the system and on a cold side of the system. The system can extract energy by operating as a heat engine transferring heat from the hot side to the cold side, which can result in net work output. Systems of the present disclosure can employ solar heating for improved storage efficiency.

Abstract: Provided is a heat exchanger having an optimum design considering a thermal capacity of an end portion of an extrusion tube to significantly improve heat transfer performance by optimizing a shape and a thickness of the end portion of the tube. Provided also is a heat exchanger having an optimum design obtained based on a structured rule to enable easy application to other tubes with various dimensions.

Abstract: A printed circuit-type heat exchanger includes a vaporizer having a structure in which one or more A-channel plates and one or more B-channel plates are sequentially stacked, to vaporize a fluid A with heat exchange through the A-fluid channels. A gas-liquid separator separates the fluid A into a vaporized gas and a non-vaporized liquid and includes a gas outlet for the vaporized gas and a liquid outlet for non-vaporized liquid. A super heater, having the same structure as the vaporizer, super heats the vaporized gas with heat exchange through the A-fluid channels and discharges the superheated gas through a gas outlet communicating with the outside. A first intermediate plate is disposed between the vaporizer and the gas-liquid separator to separate the vaporizer from the gas-liquid separator, and a second intermediate plate is disposed between the gas-liquid separator and the super heater to separate the super heater from the gas-liquid separator.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for cooling catalyst in a catalyst cooler is disclosed. Nested tubes in the catalyst cooler have an undulating wall for improving heat transfer from the catalyst bed across the wall to the water inside the tubes. The outer tubes have an end wall at an inlet end opposed to an outlet end of a respective inner tube. The helical wall improves the efficiency of heat transfer to increase cooler duty for heavy feed stocks.

Abstract: A flat tube for an exhaust gas cooler may include two flat wide sides and two rounded narrow sides. A plurality of moulded turbulence projections may be arranged on the two wide sides in two flow rows and project from a respective one of the two wide sides toward the other of the two wide sides. The plurality of turbulence projections may be respectively structured in an elongated manner and arranged at an angle relative to the longitudinal direction. The flat tube may also include a plurality of moulded support projections projecting from a respective one of the two wide sides away from the other of the two wide sides. The plurality of support projections may be arranged between the two flow rows. The two narrow sides may each have an elongated flat region that merges into the two wide sides via a plurality of rounded corner regions.

Abstract: An apparatus and heat transfer system, the apparatus comprising: a substrate; a plurality of nucleation sites provided on the substrate; a nanostructured surface surrounding the nucleation sites arranged to enable coalescence induced droplet jumping; wherein both the plurality of nucleation sites and the nanostructured surface are hydrophobic.

Abstract: Disclosed is a thermally conductive member capable of reliably performing a thermally conductive function with a simple structure. The thermally conductive member includes a container including an elastic body with a through hole passing through a top surface and a bottom surface thereof in a thickness direction and a thermally conductive support adhering to the bottom surface of the body and a thermally conductive element inserted or filled in an accommodation space formed by the through hole and the support and having self adhesion.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a waterless mixture which includes a biuret and/or urea, silica, and melamine particles coated with a layer of magnetite iron oxide for cleaning furnaces, heaters or boilers. A typical cleaning mixture comprises 30-50 percent silica, 20-50 percent biuret and/or urea, 20-40 percent melamine and 1-5 percent iron oxide. The cleaning can be performed at any time. This may lead to a reduction in fuel consumption, less air pollution, increased throughputs, and avoidance of equipment damage.

Abstract: A baffled ram accelerator system includes a ram accelerator tube with an inner surface and an outer surface and a plurality of baffles disposed on the inner surface. The plurality of baffles forms a sequential series of propellant chambers along the longitudinal axis of the ram accelerator tube. An accelerator gun is also disposed on an input end of the ram accelerator tube, and the accelerator gun is positioned to fire a projectile into the ram accelerator tube.

Abstract: The invention is a bolt carrier with a modified cam path that prevents undesired contact between a cam pin and the sidewall of an upper receiver.

Abstract: A locked breech rotating bolt pistol caliber operating system for use with a semi-automatic or fully automatic firearms is described that is retro fit capable and is compatible with many existing AR15 type lower receivers that utilize pistol caliber magazines. The operating system includes an upper receiver that includes a fixed ejector to eject spent casings to minimize the likelihood that the firearm will jam.

Abstract: A handgun subassembly includes a frame with a distal frame portion and a proximal frame end portion, where the frame has frame rails extending longitudinally along a top of the frame. A slide is displaceable along the frame rails between a recoil position and a battery position. The slide defines a catch surface adjacent a bottom portion of the slide. A forward assist assembly is disposed between the slide and the frame or grip module. The forward assist assembly provides a force on the slide in a distal direction when the slide is within a predetermined distance from the battery position.

Abstract: A cartridge case catcher and associated methods. The cartridge case catcher is configured to catch cartridges ejected from an action of a firearm. The cartridge case catcher includes a mount for mounting to the firearm. The cartridge case catcher includes a receptacle having a case compartment sized for carrying cases ejected from the action. A mouth of the catcher provides access to the case compartment. A pivot connection connects the receptacle to the mount. The receptacle is movable with respect to the mount about the pivot connection between an operational orientation to receive cases ejected from the firearm action and an access orientation in which the receptacle permits access to the action of the firearm.

Abstract: A detachable box magazine for firearms includes a hollow magazine tube extending longitudinally along a median plane. The magazine tube defines a single-stack portion extending to an upper tube end with an upper tube opening. The magazine tube defines a double-stack portion positioned below the single-stack portion and extending to a bottom tube end with a bottom tube opening. For example, opposite lateral margins of the front sidewall can have a stepped shape between the upper tube end and the double-stack portion. The rear sidewall can have a linear taper between the upper tube end and the double-stack portion.

Abstract: A firearm (F) for use by a police officer includes a frame (E). A video camera (CAM) is attached to an underside of the frame at the muzzle end of the weapon. A microphone (MIC) is also mounted to the frame. A transmitter (XMT) and receiver (RCV) are mounted on the frame and transmit video imagery and receive audio communications so the police officer carrying the firearm is in two-way communications with remote locations. These components are activated when the officer draws the firearm and moves a safety switch (S) on it from an “off/safe” to an “on/fire” position. A GPS mounted in the frame provides the location of the firearm. All of these components are supplied power by a battery (B) installed in the frame and charged by a battery charger (BC) when the firearm is holstered in a holster (L).

Abstract: Evidence collecting and recording apparatus for collecting and preserving evidence of an event relating to the use of a gun, for example when it is removed from its holster and aimed at a person who might be a threat. The apparatus comprises an electronic camera and a short-range wireless transmitter, configured to be disposed on the gun, for creating and transmitting a video stream, and an electronic relay device, such as a smartphone, for wirelessly re-transmitting the video stream to a remote central station for display on a video screen. The electronic relay device and/or the central station includes a logic device for processing the video stream to determine the identity of any person appearing in the video images. Advantageously, facial recognition is used to identify the person or persons in the video images.

Abstract: A takedown lever assembly for a striker-fired handgun. The takedown lever assembly includes a takedown actuation lever operable between a firing position and a takedown position, and a safety bar operatively coupled to the takedown actuation lever. The safety bar moves longitudinally along the frame in response to moving the takedown actuation lever from the firing position to the takedown position, thereby causing the sear to disengage from the striker.

Abstract: Firearm trigger mechanisms with rotatable linkage members and associated systems and methods are disclosed herein. A firearm trigger assembly configured in accordance with embodiments of the present technology can include, for example, a trigger, first and second linkage members, and a sear. The first linkage member, second linkage member, and sear are arranged in an over-center configuration that securely locks the sear in a first position. Pulling on the trigger causes the trigger to rotate about a fixed pivot point and push on one of the two linkage members, forcing the linkage members and the sear out of the over-center configuration. The force from a striking mechanism forces the sear and the linkage members into a collapsed configuration, releasing the striking mechanism and firing the firearm. This two toggle configuration of the trigger assembly provides crisp and reliable release of the firearm.

Abstract: A flexible fit, easy to attach and align, firearm adapter that allows secure fitment of a muzzle device, such as a suppressor, to a broad range of firearm sizes and shapes, with a single device. These firearms would include difficult to fit barrel profiles that in many cases would go unsuppressed without this improvement over the prior art. An embodiment includes an anchor securable to a smooth section of a firearm barrel and a housing adapted to engage the anchor. The anchor and housing are sized to reach over or around barrel obstructions. An embodiment includes an alignment guide to bring the barrel into axial alignment with the muzzle device.

Abstract: A suppressor for reducing muzzle blast and noise of firearms. The suppressor can include a baffle tube including a stack of baffle modules that are removably coupled to one another, and an optional blast baffle, end cap and end cap insert. The stack can be independently supported from both bullet entry and exit ends of the tube, with the stack under tension and the tube under compression. Two or more tubes of can be joined with one another at ends having corresponding sealing flanges, which also can center the tubes relative to one another. A blast baffle can separate pressurized gas into a first pathway through the baffle stack and a second pathway between the baffle modules and the baffle tube. The baffle tube and/or an expansion chamber tube can include a rearward end cap that is removable and replaceable with an over the barrel expansion tube.

Abstract: Shooting rests are disclosed herein. Example shooting rests includes a body with a fore end, an aft end, and a floor. The floor includes a top side and an opposed bottom side. A set of walls extends from the top side of the floor. The body also includes a set of legs extending from the opposed bottom side of the floor. A tension band is attached to the set of walls, and a selectively removable tool is disposed on the body.

Abstract: A toy projectile launcher capable of launching a substantially large number of projectiles, for example, toy foam darts. To increase the number of projectiles that can be launched between reloadings, the projectiles are housed in a hopper. The hopper may include a movable rear wall which facilitates the loading of a large number of projectiles into the hopper at one time. A portion of a side wall of the hopper may be agitated to loosen the projectiles within the hopper so that they will drop into a firing chamber of the launcher more easily. A cover for the hopper may have a collapsible ceiling to prevent the projectiles from becoming improperly oriented in the hopper as they are being loosened by the agitated portion of the side wall of the hopper. A rotating track and a push rod may cooperate to advance projectiles from a firing chamber of the launcher.

Abstract: A toy projectile launcher for launching projectiles, e.g, toy foam darts, from a hopper. One or more agitating members inside the hopper to enable the projectiles to drop into a firing chamber under the hopper. A hopper cover has a collapsible ceiling with nested members and a ceiling plate to maintain the projectiles toward the bottom of the hopper. A catch coupled to the ceiling plate engages an opening in a hopper wall to prevent the ceiling from collapsing when the hopper cover is closed. Where there are multiple vertically spaced-apart openings in the hopper wall, the catch may disengage from a first opening, and then engage a lower, second opening in the hopper wall, as the number of projectiles in the hopper drops and the ceiling plate descends in the hopper. A rotating track and a push rod advance projectiles from the firing chamber to flywheels for launch.

Abstract: A cocking and loading system for an air rifle utilizes a movable compression cylinder linked to the cocking arm to urge a piston into a cocked position, wherein the compression cylinder returns to a rest position urging a pellet feed tube through a magazine to load a pellet into the barrel.

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a foldable firearm that collapses into a folded state under spring pressure. The foldable firearm may include a foldable grip assembly. The foldable grip assembly may include a foldable pistol grip, a foldable trigger assembly, a folding bar, and a foldable hand stop. The foldable grip assembly may fold into the top shell of the foldable firearm. The foldable firearm may also include an ambidextrous charging handle assembly that may include a bottom portion, a top portion, a guide bar, and two opposing charging handles. The charging handles may be pulled to unfold the foldable firearm, and/or butterflied such that pivoting one charging handle causes the other charging handle to pivot. The first-pivoted charging handle may then be pulled rearwards to unfold the firearm. The first-pivoted charging handle may then be pulled further rearwards to rack the slide of the foldable firearm.

Abstract: A handgun grip module includes a body portion extending longitudinally with a first body sidewall, a second body sidewall spaced from the first body sidewall, and a bottom body portion extending between and connecting the first body sidewall and the second body sidewall. The body portion has a distal body portion defining a recoil spring channel and a proximal body portion defining a frame box. A recoil block in the body portion is positioned between the recoil spring channel and the frame box and extends laterally between the first body sidewall and the second body sidewall. The recoil block has a distal face and a proximal face. A metallic bracket is disposed against the distal face of the recoil block. A handgrip portion extends transversely down from the body portion and defines a magazine well extending therethrough to the frame box.

Abstract: A sight includes a main body, an objective unit, an eyepiece unit, an inner lens barrel, an adjusting ring and an indicating structure. The main body has a first end portion and a second end portion. The objective unit is connected to the first end portion. The eyepiece unit is connected to the second end portion. The inner lens barrel is disposed in the main body, wherein the objective unit, the inner lens barrel and the eyepiece unit are sequentially arranged to form an optical axis. The adjusting ring is rotatably disposed on the main body. The indicating structure is disposed on the adjusting ring and includes an illuminating element and an optical transmitting element. When the sight is connected to an electronic device, the illuminating element emits a light beam, and the light beam passes through the optical transmitting element for generating an indicating sign.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to viewing optics, and in particular, a reticle system for a viewing optic. A reticle system having a fiber optic reticle coupled to a transparent substrate reticle in either the first or second focal plane is disclosed. The reticle system disclosed herein is visible in bright daylight and also has the desired floating features in the field of view, including numbers and other markings.

Abstract: A method for calculation of firearm sight calibration instructions by processing an image of a shooting target. The method comprises receiving at least one image from at least one imaging device, the at least one image depicts a shooting target with a shot group comprising a plurality of bullet holes, receiving an indication of a firearm type and/or a firearm sight type to calibrate, using at least one hardware processor for calculating firearm sight calibration instructions according to at least one relative location of one of the plurality of bullet holes in relation to another of the plurality of bullet holes by processing the at least one image and at least one predefined parameter of the firearm and/or the firearm sight type, and outputting presentation instructions to present the firearm sight calibration instructions on a display of a client device.

Abstract: A firearm accessory mount is described herein. The firearm accessory mount is manufactured by securing a raw amount of material, shaping the raw amount of material to generate receiving structures positioned on a mounting base along a common axis, forming apertures through the receiving structures to form accessory rings along a single axis from one direction and at least substantially dividing each of the accessory rings into receivers and caps.

Abstract: A method for neutralizing a threat, include: detecting an oncoming object prima facie aimed at a protected platform. In response to the detecting, classifying the object as an Anti-Tank-Guided Missile (ATGM) threat. In response to said classification, calculating fire characteristics of the interceptor, such that the ATGM threat will fall an Electro-Magnetic-Pulse induced neutralization geometric envelope relative to the interceptor, for achieving a neutralization effect of the threat, and firing said interceptor that is equipped with at least an Electro-Magnetic-Pulse warhead according to the fire characteristics.

Abstract: We disclose herein an infra-red (IR) device comprising a substrate comprising an etched cavity portion and a substrate portion; a dielectric layer disposed on the substrate. The dielectric layer comprises a dielectric membrane which is adjacent, or directly above, or below the etched cavity portion of the substrate. The device further comprises a reflective layer on or in or above or below the dielectric membrane to enhance emission or absorption of infrared light at one or more wavelengths.

Abstract: An explosive system and corresponding method employ a number of explosive portions, each of sub-critical dimensions so that initiation of the portion would result in incomplete detonation. A selectively-deployable spacer arrangement or deployment mechanism is deployed between a storage state in which gaps or misalignments are maintained between the explosive portions so that the explosive system remains undetonatable, and a detonable state in which the portions are brought together sufficiently to function as a combined explosive charge having effective dimensions larger than critical dimensions, rendering the explosive system detonatable.

Abstract: A case is formed of a side wall with a front and rear end having a base. A projectile is formed of a side wall with a front end having a shaped section and a rear end with a base. The projectile is positioned within the case with the rear end of the projectile spaced from the rear end of the case to form a rearward chamber. A firing assembly includes a charge within the rearward chamber and a firing means. An illumining assembly is positioned within the projectile and includes a source of illumination. An electrical assembly includes a printed circuit board, a sensor, a timer, a battery, a controller, and a receiver to illuminate the sources of illumination following igniting the charge to activate the sensor and passage of time as determined by the timer.

Abstract: A detonator for use in a detonating system, which detonator includes discriminating and validating arrangements which sense and validate at least one characteristic of at least one parameter produced by at least one of a light, acoustic, vibratory, magnetic or electrical signal event, and an electronic timer which executes a timing interval in response thereto.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of blasting operations. The mechanical stemming device has the following elements. A sleeve having expandable structures and, positioned in a cavity thereof, an element that has wedge-type surfaces. Conductors are arranged in the elements of the stemming plug in functional channels. The sleeve has an end surface that faces the mouth of the hole and that forms a thrust surface to allow action on this surface as the expandable structures are wedged into place. The element is equipped with a structural and functional stopping and gauging tool that has reference elements. The invention allows a stemming device to be secured at a set distance from the mouth of a hole while completely avoiding it coming into contact with the explosive.

Abstract: A first position measurement device (“FPMD”) is configured to control and operate both standalone and combined device operating modes. During the combined device operating mode, the FPMD inputs second-device measurement sample outputs provided by a second position measurement device (“SPMD”) via an inter-device communication connection. The FPMD and the SPMD are held in a fixed relationship in a workpiece measurement arrangement (e.g., with transverse measuring axes). Concurrent measurement data sets are determined as including at least a first-device measurement sample output from the FPMD and a second-device measurement sample output from the SPMD corresponding to concurrent first-device and second-device sample periods. Each concurrent measurement data set is associated with a corresponding measurement sample region on the workpiece. A combined measurement data output (e.g.

Abstract: Disclosed is a comprehensive thread checking fixture, includes a no-go end, a handle, a measuring column, a measuring sleeve and a jackscrew. The checking fixture not only can be used for detecting the size of the detected threads, but also can be used for detecting the depth of the detected threads, and has the characteristics of simple structure, high detection precision, strong compatibility, low manufacturing cost and the like at the same time.

Abstract: A comprehensive detection tool for a steering knuckle includes a base, a detection pin, a sliding sleeve, a first jack screw, a positioning pin, a guide sleeve and a spring. When the comprehensive detection tool is used, under the action of the spring, the conical portion of the positioning pin contacts a reference hole B of a detected element; and the bottom surface of the base is closely clung to a reference surface A of the detected element; the threaded section of the detection pin is inserted into a left hole on the base, and then a handle is rotated to allow the threaded section to mate with the threads of the detected element.

Abstract: In addition to other aspects disclosed, a caliper is configured to measure at least one physical dimension. The caliper has a display configured to present a first representation and a second representation of a measurement provided by the caliper. The format of the first representation is different from the format of the second representation, and the first representation is approximately simultaneously displayed with the second representation.

Abstract: A device for detecting concave-convex of a flange face of a wheel is composed of a frame, a jacking cylinder, lower guide posts, a lifting table, a support column, an inner ring adjusting cylinder I, an inner ring guide rail, an inner ring adjusting cylinder II, an inner ring sliding block I, an inner ring sliding block II, an electric cylinder I, an electric cylinder II, a detection bar I, a detection bar II, piezoelectric sensors, an outer ring adjusting cylinder I, an outer ring adjusting cylinder II, an outer ring guide rail I, an outer ring guide rail II, an outer ring sliding block I, an outer ring sliding block II, an electric cylinder III, an electric cylinder IV, a detection bar III, a detection bar IV and the like.

Abstract: An XYZ flexural mechanism comprising an X-axis flexural mechanism comprising a first voice coil actuator, a motion stage platform, a plurality of flexural bearings, and a plurality of guide rods, a Y-axis flexural mechanism comprising a second voice coil actuator, a plurality of flexural bearings, a plurality of guide rods, and a frame, and a Z-axis flexural mechanism comprising a third voice coil actuator, a plurality of flexural bearings, a plurality of guide rods, and a frame, the frame supporting the XYZ flexural mechanism.