Abstract: Provided herein is a solder paste having low viscosity and easy coatability, and that provides high reinforcement for electronic components while satisfying both high room-temperature adhesion and high repairability, and forming a cured product of excellent properties, for example, high insulation against humidity. Amount structure including an electronic component mounted with the solder paste is also provided. The solder paste contains a solder powder and a flux. The flux contains an epoxy resin, a reactive diluent, a curing agent, an organic acid, and a rubber modified epoxy resin. The reactive diluent contains a compound having two or more epoxy groups, and has a viscosity of 150 mPa·s or more and 700 mPa·s or less. The reactive diluent has a total chlorine content of 0.5 weight % or less, and is contained in a proportion of 5 weight % or more and 45 weight % or less with respect to a total weight of the flux.

Abstract: A self-heating solder flux material includes a solder flux material and a multi-compartment microcapsule. The solder flux material includes a solvent carrier, and the multi-compartment microcapsule includes a first compartment, a second compartment, and an isolating structure. The first compartment contains a first reactant, and the second compartment contains a second reactant. The isolating structure separates the first compartment from the second compartment. The isolating structure is adapted to rupture in response to a stimulus.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a self-propelled machine, particularly for the aerial handling of loads, even medium-length loads, such as for example tube bundles or the like.

Abstract: A CNC turning and milling machine includes: a base, a moving unit, a spindle unit and a turret unit. The spindle limiting unit and the turret limiting unit are employed to limit the movement range, and the spindle unit and the turret unit are fixed on the upright post to strengthen the overall structural strength and reduce vibration during processing, thereby improving machining accuracy and processing efficiency, while reducing surface roughness.

Abstract: A holding apparatus/workpiece adapter apparatus arrangement includes a holding apparatus and a workpiece adapter apparatus. The workpiece adapter apparatus is positioned and fixed, with a workpiece fastened thereto, by the holding apparatus. The holding apparatus has partially cylindrical positioning elements, which engage in an associated cylindrical positioning recess and a positioning slot and position the workpiece adapter apparatus in an x and a y direction. The workpiece adapter apparatus bears by mating contact surfaces against contact surfaces of the holding apparatus and is clamped by linearly displaceable clamping elements and pressed against the contact surfaces, and thus positioned in a z direction. For clamping, clamping surfaces of the clamping elements bear against mating clamping surfaces of the workpiece adapter apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed is a rail of a machining apparatus having a traveling carriage, wherein rail members of a rail are connected at a rail member connecting portion in series such that running surfaces of adjacent rail members are in contact with each other, wherein the rack members are arranged in series on an attachment surface of the rail member such that an interval between teeth of adjacent rack members at a rack member opposing portion at which the adjacent rack members are opposed to each other is the same as a predetermined tooth pitch of the rack members, and wherein the rack members are attached to an attachment surface of the rail member by bolts which are inserted through the elongated holes formed on the attachment surface and which are screwed into the threaded holes of the rack member.

Abstract: A machining unit for machining, in particular turning and/or milling, workpieces, in particular elongate workpieces, in particular shafts, includes a machining tool. The machining tool can be moved along at least two different, in particular combined, motion paths in a motion plane. The machining until also includes at least one drive unit, which is designed for moving the machining tool along a first motion path and along a second motion path, which is different from the first motion path, possibly in a combined manner.

Abstract: A motor spindle having a first electromagnetic drive system including a stator unit and a rotor unit which can rotate about an axis of rotation and has at least one rotor shaft and a tool receiver for receiving a machining tool. At least one bearing unit provides rotationally mounting of the rotor unit in the stator unit. The tool receiver is arranged in an end region of the rotor unit. The stator unit has a stator housing with an end section arranged in the end region of the rotor unit. The stator unit comprises at least one motor, having a second electromagnetic drive system, with a stator and a rotational rotor, wherein the rotor has at least one rotational housing element of the end section of the stator unit.

Abstract: An air rest button system comprising a body element and a plunger element configured to accept a rest button. The plunger element generally is configured to be inserted into a base in the top of the body element. The plunger element in turn has a bore or hole therein configured to receiving an air rest button, which may be substituted for other air rest buttons, facilitating the modularity of the present system.

Abstract: A machine tool, which has a tool magazine for storing multiple tools and is for machining a workpiece with a tool held on a main shaft by moving the main shaft relative to the workpiece, wherein the machine tool is provided with: multiple feed shafts for moving the tool relative to the workpiece; a tool magazine drive motor for driving the tool magazine; and a manual pulse generator, which is for sending a positive or negative command pulse to the multiple feed shafts or tool magazine drive motor, the manual pulse generator being provided with a selection switch for selecting one of the multiple feed shafts or the tool magazine drive motor as the destination to which the command pulse is to be sent.

Abstract: A feeding device for a rotatable wheel magazine of a machine tool is proposed. The feeding device includes a manipulator for changing and inserting tools on the wheel magazine, wherein the manipulator is movably arranged along the first direction of movement and has at least one movable tool holder. A tool input unit is provided with tool input positions for tools to be introduced and/or replaced in the wheel magazine. The manipulator for changing and inserting tools on the wheel magazine is moved along the first direction of movement, making refilling of the wheel magazine easy and efficient.

Abstract: The use of cryogenic coolant in a machining operation in Ti, Ti-alloys or Ni-alloys together with a cutting tool of a cemented carbide substrate with a gradient surface zone with a thickness of between 50-400 ?m is provided. The cemented carbide substrate has a binder phase gradient with the lowest binder phase content in the outermost part of the gradient surface zone and the cemented carbide having graphite. The arrangement leads to a significantly prolonged tool life.

Abstract: A drive unit having a transport element has at least one entrainer engaging into a drive groove of a barrel cam, an electrical drive device, and a base control device that is adapted to receive control signals for the operation of the drive unit from a user interface programmable by an operator and to output a drive signal to the drive device in dependence on a received control signal. The drive device is adapted to drive the barrel cam to make a rotational movement and thus to drive the transport element in response to the drive signal. The base control device is further adapted to selectively operate the drive device in a full operation mode or, if no control signal is received after the output of a drive signal and after the elapse of a cycle time duration of the drive unit, to set it into a standby operation mode in which an electrical supply of the drive device is interrupted.

Abstract: Multiple cameras are used for tool positioning, as-built documentation, and/or personnel monitoring in construction site. A camera unit comprises one or more imaging devices, a processing computer, and a communication device. The camera units are placed at multiple locations in a construction site to cover an area. The camera units are self-positioned by detecting a calibration target that moves within a working volume. The camera units can detect and calculate positions of objects, including measurement sticks, tools, personnel, etc., in the area.

Abstract: A template holding jig for holding a template for use with a router for routing a workpiece is provided. The holding jig may also be part of a workpiece joining jig that includes a plurality of templates. The template holding jig includes a template support, a workpiece support and a template guide. The template support defines a template support plane. The workpiece support defines a workpiece support plane extending perpendicular to the template support plane. The template guide defines at least one abutment preventing motion of a template located on the template support parallel to a first axis being parallel to the workpiece support plane and parallel to the template support plane. The at least one abutment permits motion of the template parallel to a second axis being orthogonal to the workpiece support plane and perpendicular to the first axis and parallel to the template support plane.

Abstract: A throwaway insert includes a base and a cutting edge member. The cutting edge member includes: a rake face; a flank face extending to cross the rake face; a first connecting face connecting the flank face to a side surface of the base and extending to cross the rake face; and a first ridgeline formed by the rake face and the flank face and serving as a cutting edge. When viewed in a plan view from the upper surface of the base, the flank face and the first connecting face are located external to the base. A second ridgeline formed by the rake face and the first connecting face crosses the first ridgeline at an obtuse angle.

Abstract: Loopback rolls which can transfer and guide a polishing tape (T) in a tangential direction of a pressure contact roll (R) is provided, a top edge face (RG1) and a tapered peripheral edge (RG) having a pair of slant edge faces (RG2) are formed on a periphery of the pressure contact roll, by both of which the polishing tape can be bent into a substantially V-shape in cross section, and a switchable pressure contact mechanism (7) is switchably provided which pressure contacts each of bent portions (T) of the polishing tape, which is bent into the substantially V-shape in cross section by the tapered peripheral edge to one tooth face (B1) or the other tooth face of a bottom land (B) of a worm (W).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a device for sanding surfaces of a workpiece, preferably at least portions of which are made of wood, a manufactured wood product, plastic or such like. The present invention further relates to a sanding method and to a sanding machine comprising: a carrier element (11), a plurality of pressure segments (12a, 12b, 12c) which can be actuated, in particular electromagnetically actuated, and which are disposed along the carrier element (11) and are each designed to press a sanding element, especially a sanding belt (21), against a workpiece (1), and at least one sensor (13a, 13b, 13c) for sensing a compressive force applied to a workpiece by one of the pressure segments.

Abstract: A long rod polishing device includes a prismatic or columnar battery, a battery mounting portion, an electric motor, a pad, and a rod portion. The battery is mountable to the battery mounting portion. The electric motor is driven by an electric power from the battery. The pad has a polishing surface and moves by a driving force from the electric motor. The rod portion has an end portion to which the pad is coupled. The battery mounted to the battery mounting portion has a longest side. The longest side has a direction so as to form an angle with respect to a second imaginary straight line. The second imaginary straight line is perpendicular to both of a center axis of the rod portion and a first imaginary straight line. The first imaginary straight line is perpendicular to the center axis and parallel to the polishing surface of the pad.

Abstract: Some embodiments include an apparatus having a polishing mechanism configured to polish a surface of a wafer. The polishing mechanism converts fresh slurry to used slurry during a polishing process. At least one emitter is configured to direct electromagnetic radiation onto or through the used slurry. At least one detector is configured to detect transmittance of the electromagnetic radiation through the used slurry or reflection of the electromagnetic radiation from the used slurry. An identification system is coupled with the at least one detector and is configured to identify a property of the used slurry indicating that an endpoint of the polishing process has been reached. Control circuitry is coupled with the identification system and is configured to stop the polishing process based on receiving a trigger from the identification system. Some embodiments include polishing methods.

Abstract: A CMP (chemical mechanical polishing) groove processing positioning method includes steps of: (S1) preparing a positioning ring device for positioning a substrate of a polishing pad; (S2) placing the positioning ring device on a processing platform of an engraving machine; (S3) putting the substrate of the polishing pad into a slot of the positioning ring device; (S4) vacuum-adsorbing the substrate of the polishing pad onto the processing platform of the engraving machine through vacuum adsorption holes in the processing platform of the engraving machine; and (S5) placing an outer wall of the positioning ring device opposite to an outer wall of a disc of an engraving tool of an engraving machine, and engraving a groove on the substrate of the polishing pad. In the present invention, the substrate is directly placed into the slot and vacuum-adsorbed onto the processing platform through the vacuum adsorption holes, thereby sufficiently fixing the substrate.

Abstract: The invention provides a polishing pad suitable for polishing integrated circuit wafers. It includes an upper polishing layer that having a polishing surface and at least one groove in the upper polishing layer. At least one transparent window is located within the upper layer. The at least one transparent window has a thickness greater than a desired wear depth of the at least one groove. The at least one transparent window includes a non-fluorescent transparent polymer; and a fluorescent transparent polymer. The transparent window allows measuring groove depth by activating the fluorescent transparent polymer with an activation source at a wavelength sufficient to excite the fluorescent transparent polymer and allow endpoint detection by sending light through the fluorescent transparent polymer and the non-fluorescent transparent polymer.

Abstract: Provided is a polishing pad including a polishing surface having a zeta potential of +0.1 mV or more at a pH of 10.0. Preferably, a polishing pad including a polyurethane having a tertiary amine is provided. Further preferably, the polyurethane having a tertiary amine is a reaction product of a polyurethane reaction raw material containing at least a chain extender having a tertiary amine. A polishing method using the polishing pads is also provided, wherein the method is performed while supplying an alkaline polishing slurry.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a pad conditioner by reverse plating is disclosed. The method comprises: forming a first plating layer on a temporary substrate to have multiple recesses; forming a second adhesive photosensitive film on the first plating layer; putting grains into the recesses; forming a first filling layer to support the grains; forming a second filling layer to support the grains; removing the second adhesive photosensitive film and forming a second boundary layer on the entire surface; forming a second plating layer on the second boundary layer; removing the temporary substrate and attaching a final substrate to the second plating layer; removing the first boundary layer and the first plating layer; removing the second boundary layer excluding a portion not exposed to the outside; and forming a third plating layer on an entire surface opposite to the final substrate to support the grains.

Abstract: A coil spring includes a helically formed wire having end turn portions at ends thereof, a plurality of first rough surfaces, each including first shot peening indentations formed on a part of a surface of the end turn portions, and a second rough surface including second shot peening indentations formed on the entire surface of the wire except for the first rough surface. The second rough surface has a surface roughness different from that of the first rough surface.

Abstract: Embodiments of the invention relate to methods of making articles having portions of polycrystalline diamond bonded to a surface of a substrate and polycrystalline diamond compacts made using the same. In an embodiment, a molding technique is disclosed for forming cutting tools comprising polycrystalline diamond portions bonded to the outer surface of a substrate.

Abstract: A piston cylinder has a piston housing including a bore. A piston assembly is movable in the piston cylinder bore. The piston assembly includes a piston disk and a piston rod. A lock piston is movable in the piston cylinder. A lock plate is pivotally secured in the piston housing bore. The lock plate is contacted by the lock piston to move the lock plate into an unlocked position when fluid pressure is applied to the lock piston. A biasing mechanism is in contact with the lock plate. The biasing mechanism moves the lock plate into a locked position when fluid pressure is released or reduced on the lock piston.

Abstract: An assembling and testing device and a bracket for the same are provided. The assembling and testing device comprises a base plate; and a bracket disposed on the base plate and configured to be in a ? form.

Abstract: A drive head for a wrench is configured for operation with manually driven members of power-operated devices. The drive head includes at least first and second drive members selectively engageable with such driven members.

Abstract: A clench wrench has a structure including a handle and an engaging head. The engaging head defines an engaging space. A clenching device is mounted on the engaging head. The clenching device includes a resilient clenching member fixed to the engaging head and having a free end. The clenching member has a clenching portion at the free end. The free end of the clenching member is bendable to selectively clench an object. A block is disposed on the engaging head and abuts against the clenching member and counteracts a force that causes the clenching portion to move from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: The present application thus provides a bolt tightening system. The bolt tightening system may include a bolt, a nut, and a bolt tightening tool. The bolt tightening tool may include an adapter and a chamber. One of the adapter and the chamber applies a torque to the bolt and one holds the nut.

Abstract: A rotary power tool includes a main housing and a transmission housing coupled to the main housing. The transmission housing includes a bearing pocket open to a front of the transmission housing and defined at least partially by a radially inward-extending flange. The rotary power tool also includes an output shaft and a bearing positioned within the bearing pocket adjacent and in abutting relationship with the radially inward-extending flange for rotatably supporting the output shaft in the transmission housing. The rotary power tool also includes a radially outward-extending flange on the output shaft that radially overlaps at least a portion of the bearing on an opposite side of the bearing as the radially inward-extending flange. A line of action of an axial reaction force applied to the output shaft is directed to the transmission housing via the radially outwardly-extending flange, the bearing, and the radially inward-extending flange.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a connection and torque transfer apparatus having a torque input end and a torque output end electrically insulated, an accessory and use thereof. The connection and torque transfer apparatus comprises at least: a torque input component, an intermediate body component, and a torque output component; and the accessory can match the foregoing apparatus to form an assembly. The apparatus has a few components, high reliability, good insulating performance, excellent torque transfer performance and low costs, and is simple and convenient to manufacture.

Abstract: An impact tool includes a housing, a rotating hammer arranged in the housing and rotatable by a motor, and a rotating anvil arranged in the housing and rotatable by the hammer by a series of impacts. An output shaft has a proximal end fixed to the anvil and a distal end protruding from the housing and ending with a fitting element for removable connection with an external mechanical adapter. A sensor unit includes a rotational torque sensor for detecting a torque of the shaft. The torque sensor includes at least one extensometric transducer fixed to an outer surface of a cylindrical portion of the distal end adjacent to the fitting element to detect a deformation signal that is proportional to a deformation of the outer surface when the shaft is rotated and indicative of the torque.

Abstract: A tool for seating a wear liner into a first groove of a fan case of a gas turbine engine includes a body, a handle, and a first guide foot. The body includes a first end and a second end. The handle is connected to and extends from the body. The first guide foot is connected to and extends from the first end of the body. The first guide foot includes a first end connected to the body and a second end opposite from the first end of the first guide foot. The second end of the first guide foot is rounded and includes a chamfered portion.

Abstract: A device for inserting a tongue into an insertion groove in a panel including a first part including a supporting surface configured to cooperate with an upper surface of a panel. The device includes a second part, which is connected to the first part, including a guiding device for a displaceable puncher which is configured to displace a tongue into an insertion groove of a panel. The supporting surface is extending in a first direction and the guiding device is extending in second direction.

Abstract: A crimping device includes a housing defining a bore and at least three extendable mechanisms angularly equispaced about the axis of the bore. Each of the extendable mechanisms include: (i) a first elongate arm hingedly connected at or near a first axial end of the first arm to the housing; (ii) a second elongate arm hingedly connected at or near a first axial end of the second arm to the housing, wherein: the first axial ends of the first and second arms are displaceable relative to each other; and the first and second arms are hingedly connected at or near their second axial ends to each other.

Abstract: A powered tool follower assembly can include a solenoid plunger that is movable longitudinally in a direction aligned with a drive axis in response to energization of the solenoid and a biasing mechanism with a spring axis extending transversely to the drive axis. A lever arm can extend between the plunger and the biasing member and couple the plunger to the biasing mechanism. A pinch roller can be disposed between the lever arm and the driver. Energization of the solenoid can move the plunger longitudinally, causing relative movement between the lever arm and the drive wheel that forces the pinch roller into engagement with the driver and transfers a biasing force from the compression spring through the lever arm and pinch roller to the driver to pinch the driver between the pinch roller and the flywheel and drive the driver along the driver axis.

Abstract: A labor-saving stapler is provided, including: a housing, having a nail outlet; a striker, disposed within the housing and movable between a preset position away from the nail outlet and a nailing position near the nail outlet; an energy-accumulating mechanism, including a connection portion connected to the housing and a connection end cooperating with the striker; an operable mechanism, movably connected to the housing and having a depression portion abutable against the energy-accumulating mechanism; a limitation mechanism, connected to the housing, the striker being positionably restricted by the limitation mechanism; wherein when the striker is in a preset position and positionably restricted by the limitation mechanism, the energy-accumulating mechanism is depressible by the depression portion to be in a energy-accumulating state, and when the striker is free of restriction by the limitation mechanism, the energy-accumulating mechanism actuates the striker to move toward the nailing position.

Abstract: A fastener magazine of a fastening device may include a track defining an elongated channel with a dispensing end at which fasteners are dispensed from the magazine. A runner positioned in the track may include a release member that projects outward from an outer surface of the runner. A pusher may be positioned in the track and coupled to the runner such that the pusher exerts a force in a direction toward the dispensing end of the track on the fasteners when the runner is in a closed position. A retention member that is attached to a side wall of the track can engage the pusher through an aperture in the track to prevent the pusher from contacting the fasteners until the runner has reached a desired position in the track. The release member can contact the retention member to disengage the retention member from the pusher.

Abstract: A percussion tool comprises a housing, an electric motor positioned within the housing, a percussion mechanism driven by the electric motor and including a striker supported for reciprocation in the housing, a battery pack removably coupled to the housing for providing power to the electric motor when coupled to the housing, and an electronic controller including an electronic processor and a memory. The electronic controller is coupled to the electric motor and configured to activate the motor and determine whether the percussion tool is in a loaded condition. In response to determining that the percussion tool is in the loaded condition, the electronic controller is configured to operate the motor in accordance with a predetermined profile and in response to determining that the percussion tool is in a no load condition, the electronic controller is configured to operate the motor at a no-load speed.

Abstract: A multi-function tool includes a first handle, a second handle, a first cutting insert, and a second cutting insert. The first handle is pivotally coupled to the second handle at a pivoting axis. The first handle and the second handle move between an open position and a closed position relative to each other. A first insert surface is formed on the first handle, and a second insert surface is formed on the second handle. The first cutting insert includes a front side, a rear side configured to interface with the first insert surface, a left side including a flat anvil surface, and a right side including a cutting edge. A second cutting insert includes a front side, a rear side configured to interface with the second insert surface, a left side including a flat anvil surface, and a right side including a cutting edge.

Abstract: A pneumatic tool has a body and a torque adjusting unit. The body has a trigger chamber, a trigger assembly, an inlet channel, and an outlet channel. The torque adjusting unit is connected with a bottom of the body, is mounted on one end of the outlet channel, and has a silencer, a piston rod, a piston sleeve, and a spring. The silencer is mounted detachably on the bottom of the body and having a discharging chamber. The piston rod is connected adjustably with the silencer and extends into the discharging chamber. The piston sleeve is mounted around the piston rod and is axially moveable relative to the piston rod. The spring is mounted around the piston sleeve and has two ends abutting respectively the piston sleeve and the silencer.

Abstract: A hydraulic tool includes a tool head and a moveable piston coupled to the tool head. The hydraulic tool head includes a plurality of jaws, which are operable to open and close for performing work on a workpiece. The hydraulic tool also includes a motor operable to drive the moveable piston to close the plurality of jaws to a closed position at which the work on the workpiece is completed. The hydraulic tool further includes a position sensor configured to detect when the plurality of jaws are at the closed position and responsively generate a sensor signal indicating that the plurality of jaws are at the closed position. Additionally, the hydraulic tool includes a controller configured to receive the sensor signal from the position sensor. The controller is configured to operate the motor based on the sensor signal that the controller receives from the position sensor.

Abstract: A drill press includes a main housing, a drill unit supported by the main housing for relative movement therewith, a base coupled to the main housing, the base having a bore formed in a top surface thereof and a magnet to create a magnetic field for magnetically latching the base to a workpiece, and a holding force detection assembly having a plug, a sensor positioned outside the plug to detect the magnetic field within the base, the sensor emitting a variable output voltage signal in response to the detected magnetic field, and a printed circuit board received within a slot in the plug. The holding force detection assembly is received within the bore formed in the top surface of the base.

Abstract: A novel workbench-table design is disclosed herein addressing the object of creating a unique workbench-table upon which large power tools, equipment, workpieces, or most any other object(s) can be placed on top of the novel workbench-table. In addition, the unique workbench-table collapses into a closed configuration when two rotatable and detachable vertical support legs are rotated upwards and two of the vertical support legs are rotated downwards.

Abstract: A transportable machining unit for machining a workpiece with a tool, including a box-shaped support structure placed on a support and having a lower part with a workpiece support plate, and a drive unit for mechanically driving the tool arranged at least partially in the lower part and fastened thereto ready for operation so that the drive unit remains at least partially in the lower part during machining of the workpiece by the tool driven by the drive unit. The support structure has a coupling arrangement suitable for coupling in a state in which the support structure together with at least one box-shaped body forms a vertical stack, to provide a releasable, vertically tension-proof coupling with the at least one box-shaped body.

Abstract: The invention relates to the improvement of exoskeletons and masters thereof and to their use in teleoperative applications in virtual worlds or the real world. Non-actuated exoskeletons can be used to transfer loads from the user, for example, heavy luggage, tools or also the body weight of the user, to the ground and to relieve the joint and muscle system of the user. This can increase the endurance and also effective strength of the user. Motor-driven, actuated exoskeletons can be used in different fields. They can be worn as a freely moveable robotic suit which comprises a built-in energy supply and electronic control. They can also be used to improve the force and endurance of a user whilst the user moves in an unlimited environment. Another use of the fixed exoskeleton is in the field of interaction with virtual worlds or for controlling real robots. In this instance, an exoskeleton can be used to establish a teleoperative connection between the user and the master (virtual avatar or real robot).

Abstract: A team of robots may fabricate a tubular structure. Each robot may fabricate a tube by winding resin-covered fiber around an inflated, cylindrical mandrel of the robot. The resin may cure, resulting in a hardened tube segment The robot may extend the tube by fabricating additional segments of the tube, one segment at a time. After a first segment cures, the mandrel may deflate, then the robot may move up inside the tube, then the mandrel may inflate, and the robot may begin fabricating another tube segment. After completing a tube segment, the robot may tilt relative to that segment, before starting the next segment. By doing so, the robot may cause the tube to be curved. A computer may guide the team of robots during fabrication of the tubes, by executing a flocking algorithm. The algorithm may prevent collisions with already fabricated tube segments.

Abstract: A method for tracking multiple target objects, moving objects to be tracked being projected onto a grid map having grid cells, the method including the following tasks to be executed in each time: computing the velocity distribution for the next time step with the aid of a transition velocity distribution, which indicates how the objects associated with a grid cell in question move from one time step to the next, based on the preceding velocity distribution; for each grid cell, calculating a transitional probability information item, which indicates, for objects in each grid cell, probabilities of the objects in question reaching possible, further grid cells, as a function of the velocity distribution; calculating an occupancy probability for each grid cell for a subsequent time, based on the transitional probability information item; operating a system as a function of the occupancy probabilities for the grid cells.