Abstract: A method for sulfur removal and upgrading comprising the steps of mixing a heated oil feed and a supercritical water feed in a feed mixer, allowing conversion reactions to occur in the supercritical water reactor, reducing the temperature in the cooling device to produce a cooled fluid, reducing the pressure in the depressurizing device to produce a discharged fluid, separating the discharged fluid in the gas-liquid separator to produce a liquid phase product, increasing the pressure to produce pressurized liquid product, the pressure of pressurized liquid product is greater than the critical pressure of water, processing the pressurized liquid product in the hydration reactor to produce a hydrated oil stream, separating the hydrated oil stream to produce an extracted upgraded oil and an oxygenate concentrated stream, the oxygenate concentrated stream comprises the oxygenates, and processing the extracted upgraded oil in the hydrotreater to produce a desulfurized upgraded oil.

Abstract: Method of improving the oxidative stability of a lubricating composition which is used to lubricate a spark ignition internal combustion engine, the spark-ignition engine being comprised within the powertrain of a hybrid electric vehicle, wherein the method comprises the step of introducing into the combustion chamber of the spark-ignition engine a gasoline composition wherein the gasoline composition comprises a hydrocarbon base fuel containing 10 to 20% v olefins, not greater than 5% v olefins of at least 10 carbon atoms, and not greater than 5% v aromatics of at least 10 carbon atoms, based on the base fuel, initial boiling point in the range 30 to 40° C., T10 in the range 45 to 57° C., T50 in the range 82 to 104° C., T90 in the range 140 to 150° C. and final boiling point not greater than 220° C.

Abstract: Described herein are compositions for modifying fuels. The modified fuels are more efficient when compared to conventional fuels such as gasoline. Additionally, the modified fuels burn more efficiently and produce fewer emissions. Finally, the modified fuels also do not require any modifications to existing engines.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel uses of copolymers for removing and/or reducing the level of deposits in the fuel system and/or injection system of direct injection diesel and/or gasoline engines.

Abstract: Methods are provided for controlling fugitive dust emissions from a variety of granular or particulate solids materials such as coal dust. A first treatment of cationic polymer or cationic copolymer is applied to the dust. The dust is then loaded onto an open bed rail car or the like. A topping treatment comprising an aqueous dilute polymer solution or polymer latex emulsion or dispersion is applied to the exposed coal layer in the rail car.

Abstract: Provided herein are olefinic feedstocks derived from conjugated hydrocarbon terpenes (e.g., C10-C30 terpenes), methods for making the same, and methods for their use.

Abstract: The use of a lubricant composition in order to cool and/or lubricate the engine of an electric vehicle and the different parts thereof, particularly moving parts, is disclosed. In particular, the use of a lubricant composition includes at least one polyalkylene glycol.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a lubricant base oil for power transmission (in particular, a lubricant base oil for traction drives) having a high traction coefficient and a high flash point. The present invention relates to a lubricant base oil for power transmission comprising an alicyclic dicarboxylic acid diester compound represented by general formula (1): wherein R1 to R5 are the same or different, and each represents hydrogen or linear or branched C1-4 alkyl, and two R1, two R2, two R3, two R4, and two R5 may respectively be the same or different; and ring A is wherein R represents C1-3 alkyl, and n represents 0, 1, or 2; when n represents 2, R may be the same or different.

Abstract: An overbased calcium sulfonate grease composition comprising a reduced amount of overbased calcium sulfonate, calcium hydroxyapatite, base oil, one or more converting agents, and one or more complexing acids if a complex grease is desired. The calcium sulfonate grease composition improves thickener yield and expected high temperature utility as demonstrated by dropping point. A method of making the composition comprising the steps of mixing the calcium sulfonate and base oil, adding the calcium carbonate either before or after conversion, adding one or more converting agents, and adding one or more complexing acids. All or a portion of one or more of the complexing acids may be added with or prior to the one or more converting agents.

Abstract: A lubricating composition includes an oil of lubricating viscosity and a low-ash additive system including a low molecular weight amine with a Total Base Number of at least 150, and an N-substituted hydrocarbyl-substituted succinimide dispersant. The low-ash additive system provides the lubricating composition with a significant boost in TBN without substantially lowering the flashpoint. The composition is particularly suited to use as a marine diesel engine lubricant.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to viscosity index modifiers that have dispersant properties and lubricating oil compositions comprising said viscosity index modifiers. The disclosure also relates to the use of lubricant compositions comprising the viscosity index improvers of the disclosure for improving the soot or sludge handling characteristics of an engine lubricant composition, while minimizing the deterioration of engine seals.

Abstract: The present invention discloses a method for co-production and processing of biological energy sources by oil crops, and belongs to the technical fields of oleochemical industry and biomass chemical industry. The method comprises the following steps: husking and drying oil crop seeds to obtain husks of which the moisture content is 5%-12% and oil seeds of which the moisture content is 30%-55%; squeezing and extracting the obtained oil seeds to obtain vegetable oil and oil seed meal; performing esterification reaction on the vegetable oil and alcohol to be separated to obtain bio-diesel and crude glycerol; performing cooking treatment on the husks and/or the oil seed meal in the crude glycerol to be separated to obtain oil crude cellulose and glycerol treating liquid; performing microbial fermentation or anaerobic digestion on the oil crude cellulose and the glycerol treating liquid respectively to obtain biological energy sources or bio-based chemicals.

Abstract: The processes for obtaining a microbial oil comprising one or more polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) from one or more microbial cells comprise removing water from the cell fermentation broth or lysed cell composition before demulsification is conducted. Such a process has the benefits of reduced demulsification time and reduced salt use. Microbial oil comprising one or more PUFAs can be recovered from microbial cells by the process.

Abstract: The present disclosure is related to refining one or more grain oil composition streams (e.g., distillers corn oil or syrup) in a biorefinery to provide one or more refined grain oil products, where each grain oil product has targeted amounts of a free fatty acid component and the fatty acid alkyl ester component.

Abstract: A method of purifying a rendered fat by contacting the rendered fat with at least one adsorbent material, such as magnesium silicate. The at least one adsorbent material may be used alone or in combination with other purifying materials, such as an acid. Such method provides for improved removal of impurities, such as polyethylene, phosphorus-containing compounds, chlorophyll, metals, soap, and sterol glucosides from the rendered fat.

Abstract: A composition of matter including: a) at least one compound of formula (I) in the form of any one of its isomers or a mixture thereof; wherein R1 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-2 alkyl group; R2 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; and R represents a group of formula —[CH2]nC(Me)2OH, wherein n is 0, 1 or 2; with R being, relative to position 1, an ortho, meta or para substituent of the aromatic ring; and b) at least one compound of formula in the form of any one of its isomers or a mixture thereof; wherein R1, R2 and R have the same meaning as defined in formula (I); uses of the composition of matter as perfuming ingredients, perfuming compositions and in consumer products, along with a process to prepare the composition of matter.

Abstract: Provided are methods, processes and systems for treating a soapstock. In alternative embodiments, provided are systems and methods for treating a soapstock to generate free fatty acids and/or fatty acid derivatives, e.g. fatty acid alkyl esters. In alternative embodiments, provided are systems and methods for realizing the full fatty acid yield of a soapstock by first converting substantially all of the saponifiable material in a soapstock to salts of fatty acids (soaps) and acidulating the soaps to generate free fatty acids and/or fatty acid derivatives, e.g. fatty acid alkyl esters, wherein the soapstock comprises soaps and saponifiable lipids, e.g. glycerides and/or phospholipids, and the generating of free fatty acids and/or fatty acid is achieved.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the hydrogenation of vegetable oils that selectively converts polyunsaturated fatty acids into mono-unsaturated fatty acids, and to the products obtained therefrom. Vegetable oils obtained by the process according to the invention have a particularly high content of monounsaturated fatty acids and are suitable for use as raw materials for the synthesis of chemical intermediates.

Abstract: A composition includes a C10 aliphatic branched chain alcohol ethoxylate; a C12 aliphatic straight chain alcohol ethoxylate, and a reactive builder. The composition effects an increase of at least about 30% in detergency measured as reflectance at 460 nanometers (nm) of a stained fabric at which the composition has been applied when compared to reflectance observed at 460 nm at the stained fabric prior to application of the composition. The stained fabric treated at which the composition has been applied exhibits a reflectance at 460 nm that is greater than the reflectance of the stained fabric at which a substantially similar composition has been applied. The substantially similar composition includes nonyl phenol ethoxylate.

Abstract: Provided among other things is a cleaning composition comprising: a carrier fluid; and Minute Fibrils suspended in the carrier fluid, wherein the composition is protein cleaning effective.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a polymer composition, in which an ?,?-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid is subjected to a free-radical polymerization in the presence of at least one polyether component, to the polymer composition obtainable by this process and to the use thereof.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a detergent composition comprising one or more anionic surfactants; an enzyme selected from the group consisting of: a protease, a lipase, a cutinase, an amylase, a carbohydrase, a cellulase, a pectinase, a mannanase, an arabinase, a galactanase, a xylanase, and an oxidase; and a deoxyribonuclease (DNase).

Abstract: A bacteria referred to here as Bacillus subtilis 6A-1 is provided, compositions thereof and processes for use of the bacteria, spores, cells, extracts and enzymes. The compositions which comprise the bacteria, spores, cells, extracts and/or enzymes are capable of degrading polysaccharides. Such compositions are capable of degrading cellulose, including plant-produced cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose. The bacteria produces at least two cellulose-degrading protein fractions. Cellulose degrading activity continues across pH2 to pH13.

Abstract: The present invention relates to alpha-amylase variants. The present invention also relates to polynucleotides encoding the variants; nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides; and methods of using the variants.

Abstract: Catalyst compositions are disclosed, as well as their methods of manufacture and their uses in detergent formulations, such as powdered laundry and dishwash formulations. The catalyst composition may be readily incorporated into powder and/or solid detergent formulations, wherein they exhibit remarkable stability properties and may enhance the bleaching action and thus cleaning capabilities of the detergent formulation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel sulfoperoxycarboxylic acid compounds, and methods for making and using them. The sulfoperoxycarboxylic compounds of the invention are storage stable, water soluble and have low to no odor. Further, the compounds of the present invention can be formed from non-petroleum based renewable materials. The compounds of the present invention can be used as antimicrobials, and bleaching agents. The compounds of the present invention are also suitable for use as coupling agents.

Abstract: The rinsing composition for a silicon wafer of the present invention is a rinsing composition for a silicon wafer containing a water-soluble polymer and water. The water-soluble polymer exhibits a difference (Z?Z0) between a zeta-potential Z of a water-soluble polymer-containing silica aqueous dispersion (aqueous dispersion S) and a zeta-potential Z0 of a silica aqueous dispersion (aqueous dispersion S0) of 25 mV or less. The aqueous dispersion S consists of the water-soluble polymer, silica particles, water, and as needed, hydrochloric acid or ammonia, and has a concentration of the water-soluble polymer of 0.1 mass %, a concentration of the silica particles of 0.1 mass %, and a pH of 7.0 at 25° C. The aqueous dispersion S0 consists of silica particles, water, and as needed, hydrochloric acid or ammonia, and has a concentration of the silica particles of 0.1 mass %, and a pH of 7.0 at 25° C.

Abstract: A detergent composition includes an aqueous phase, an oil phase and an emulsifying agent. The aqueous phase includes liquid water. The oil phase includes oil droplets and coffee grounds dispersed in the oil droplets. The composition of the oil droplets includes a foaming agent. In the detergent composition, the content of the liquid water ranges from 40 wt % to 60 wt %, the content of the foaming agent ranges from 15 wt % to 40 wt %, and the content of the coffee grounds ranges from 1 wt % to 10 wt %. The oil droplets are dispersed and suspended in the aqueous phase via the emulsifier molecules to enable the detergent composition to be in the form of oil-in-water, and to enable the coffee grounds to be covered by the oil droplets and to be isolated from the aqueous phase. In addition, the present disclosure also provides a manufacturing method of a detergent composition.

Abstract: According to the invention, an aliquot of must is sent from a wine making vat into an air-lift-type fermenting-desugaring unit, wherein homogenization of the aliquot and aeration of the yeasts are carried out with controlled heating in order to achieve aerobic fermentation until all the sugar in the aliquot has been consumed completely.

Abstract: Methods and systems for forming a concentrate from an alcoholic beverage, such as a beverage made by fermentation processes. A membrane process may be used to reduce water and alcohol content, followed by freeze concentration to further reduce water content.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved devices for co-culture of cells. The devices include inserts having invertible wells that can be lowered into a well of any standard cell culture plate. A first population of cells can be cultured in the invertible wells of the inserts and a second population of cells can be cultured in the wells of a cell culture plate. Once the first population of cells attach to the invertible wells, the inserts are flipped over and placed into the wells of the cell culture plate to co-culture with the second population of cells.

Abstract: A substrate for culturing cells that includes at least one fiber scaffold adapted to be contained within a disposable or non-disposable bioreactor, wherein the fiber scaffold further includes polymer fibers that have been created by electrospinning, and wherein the orientation of the fibers in the scaffold relative to one another is generally parallel, random, or both.

Abstract: A system for microdialysis imaging and regional fluidic delivery and control includes a microdialysis imager including a imaging head having N pixels aligned in a pixel array for monitoring a living bio-object associated with the pixel array; and a fluidic module coupled to the microdialysis imager for delivering a fluidic substance to and collecting effluent from the living bio-object, including a fluidic network having a plurality of valves, a plurality of fluidic channels in fluidic communication with the plurality of valves and one or more pumps coupled to corresponding fluidic channels, and a microcontroller coupled to the fluidic network for individually controlling the plurality of valves and the one or more pumps of the fluidic network as so to operably and selectively deliver the fluidic substance to and continuously collect the effluent from the living bio-object responsive to the delivered fluidic substance via each pixel in real time.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a concentrically baffled reactor includes an outer housing that defines an interior space, an inlet through which material can be delivered into the interior space, an outlet through which material can be removed from the interior space, and multiple concentric baffles within the interior space that define multiple concentric reactor zones through which the material can sequentially flow to the outlet.

Abstract: A method includes introducing a suspension including cells suspended in a cell culture medium through a feed port or a drain port into a cavity of a cell culture vessel, the suspension being in an amount sufficient to cover a gas permeable, liquid impermeable membrane positioned at a bottom of the cell culture vessel, the feed port being disposed through a surface of the cell culture vessel and configured to permit additional cell culture medium into the cavity, and the drain port being disposed through the surface of the cell culture vessel and configured to permit removal of the cells, cell culture medium, and used cell culture medium from the cavity, allowing the cells to settle on the gas permeable, liquid impermeable membrane by gravity, removing the used cell culture medium through the drain port and introducing the additional cell culture medium through the feed port such that a constant volume is maintained in the cell culture vessel until the cells expand to a desired cell density, wherein the removi

Abstract: A method for producing products, advantageously solvents, is by fermentation, advantageously multi-stage fermentation. The fermentation is complemented with pervaporation as in situ product recovery technology, combined with a multistage condensation of the permeate. The condensates are separately introduced in the downstream processing to recover the produced products, advantageously solvents. The method for producing products, advantageously solvents, by fermentation is simplified and has an overall improved energy efficiency. A related system uses method for producing products, advantageously solvents, is by fermentation.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing a fermentable gas stream from a gas source that contains one or more constituent which may be harmful to the fermentation process. To produce the fermentable gas stream, the gas stream is passed through a specifically ordered series of removal modules. The removal modules remove and/or convert various constituents found in the gas stream which may have harmful effects on downstream removal modules and/or inhibitory effects on downstream gas fermenting microorganisms. At least a portion of the fermentable gas stream is preferably capable of being passed to a bioreactor, which contains gas fermenting microorganisms, without inhibiting the fermentation process.

Abstract: An apparatus for the automated processing of samples containing biological cells—in particular, of blood samples or other cell samples is provided. The apparatus has at least the following components: a sample receiving device configured to receive one or more samples; an auxiliary material receiving device configured to receive one or more auxiliary materials; a sample carrier receiving device configured to receive one or more sample carriers; a discharge device configured to discharge one or more samples from a discharge position; and a capture device configured to capture one or more discharged samples in a capture position to obtain one or more prepared samples; wherein the distance between the discharge position and the capture position can be adjusted to a prespecified height, and the apparatus further includes at least one temperature control device for controlling the temperature of at least one of the sample carriers.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an alginate-based 3D cell culture as an in vitro system for enriching and maintaining the stemness properties of a cancer cell line and a reliable in vitro system for the development and evaluation of CSC-targeting agents.

Abstract: This invention provides for methods and compositions for generation of cytocapsulae and cytocapsular tubes in a 3D matrix.

Abstract: A method of coating a surface with nanoparticles for biological analysis of cells that includes the steps of cleaning the surface with an oxidizing acid, treating the surface with an organosilane, coating the surface with nanoparticles, and then growing cells on the surface coated with the nanoparticles. The surface may be a glass surface, a silica-based surface, a plastic-based surface or a polymer-based surface. The nanoparticles may be gold-based nanomaterials.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for culturing organoids, the method comprising: a) disassociating unprocessed organoids to produce a cell suspension; b) sieving the cell suspension through a cell strainer to retain a sieved cell suspension containing cells of about 10 ?m to about 1 mm in diameter; and c) seeding cells of the sieved cell suspension into a bioreactor in a cell culture medium comprising an extracellular support matrix.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the field of mammalian cell culture, and provides methods and compositions for cell attachment to, cultivation on and detachment from a solid substrate surface containing from at least about 0.5% N, a sum of O and N of greater than or equal to 17.2% and a contact angle of at least about 13.9 degrees, lacking a feeder cell layer and lacking an adlayer. In one embodiment of the present invention, the cells are treated with a compound capable of inhibiting Rho kinase activity. In another embodiment, the cells are treated with a compound capable of inhibiting Rho activity.

Abstract: The present invention provides for the generation and maintenance of pluripotent cells by culturing the cells in the presence of an ALK5 inhibitor.

Abstract: The present invention relates generally to the field of cell biology of stem cells, more specifically the directed differentiation of pluripotent or multipotent stem cells, including human embryonic stem cells (hESC), somatic stem cells, and induced human pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) using novel culture conditions. Specifically, methods are provided for obtaining neural tissue, floor plate cells, and placode including induction of neural plate development in hESCs for obtaining midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons, motor neurons, and sensory neurons. Further, neural plate tissue obtained using methods of the present inventions are contemplated for use in co-cultures with other tissues as inducers for shifting differentiation pathways, i.e. patterning.

Abstract: The various embodiments of the disclosure relate generally to processes, methods, and systems for generating functional B cells ex vivo. It is particularly useful for ex vivo generation of antigen-specific germinal-center (GC) like B cells that are capable of efficient B cell expansion, immunoglobulin (Ig) class switching/class switching recombination (CSR), expression of germinal B cell phenotypes, antibody secretion, and somatic hypermutation (SHM) and resulting affinity maturation center phenotypes.

Abstract: The invention provides a recombinant chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) gene, a vector containing the same, a CAR-T cell and a use thereof. The recombinant CAR gene comprises a nucleic acid sequence encoding an antigen-binding portion of a CD30 antibody, a transmembrane portion and a CD137 cytoplasmic functional region and a CD3zeta cytoplasmic functional region linked in any order; also provides a method of treating Hodgkin's lymphoma or anaplastic large cell lymphoma or other CD30-positive tumors using the CAR-T cells of the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a human cell population that can self-renew extensively and yet retain the capacity to differentiate into red blood cells (RBCs). These cells are referred to as extensively self-renewing erythroblasts (ESREs). The cells of the invention serve among other things as a renewable source of transfusable RBCs.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to an ex vivo generated population of educated macrophages specific to LPS and methods of making and using such macrophages.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for the differentiation of dental pulp stem cells into odontoblasts and an IgG or IgM type monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to the surface of odontoblasts differentiated from the stem cells. According to the present invention, BMP2 and BMP4 are optimally combined to significantly increase the differentiation efficiency of dental pulp stem cells into odontoblasts, to induce the mineralization of the matrix, and to improve the differentiation ability of odontoblasts into dentin. Further, the IgG or IgM monoclonal antibody that specifically binds to the surface of odontoblasts of the present invention is used to effectively isolate and purify odontoblasts, which can be useful for tissue regeneration and differentiation.