Abstract: A system for transmitting discrete data packets of sensor measured values of operating parameters. The system includes a transmitting device configured to transmit the measured values per a transmittal protocol. The system includes a receiving device that receives the measured values processes the received measured values in accordance with a receiving protocol. The transmittal protocol includes: determining a most recent measured value for the sensor; selecting previous measured values for the sensor; comparing the most recent measured value to the previous measured values to determine a difference therebetween; and conditionally transmitting the most recent measured value based on the difference. The receiving protocol includes: determining a most recent received measured value for each of the sensors; deriving an analytic time based the most recent received measured values; and deriving a time-aligned value for one of the operating parameters measured by the sensors at the analytic time.

Abstract: A turbine engine fleet wash management system is configured to electronically communicate with a turbine engine system, a fleet management service, and a cleaning management service. The turbine engine fleet wash system causes a cleaning of a turbine engine to occur based on information received from the turbine engine system and other sources. The turbine engine fleet wash management system includes a cleaning schedule optimizer that generates a cleaning schedule based on engine health monitoring data, engine operation data, maintenance schedules for the turbine engine, and cleaning regimen data. The cleaning schedule optimizer estimates turbine engine performance improvements based on the selected cleaning regimen, and calculating an estimate of carbon credits earned based on the predicted improvement in turbine engine performance.

Abstract: The invention comprises a splitter nose of an axial turbomachine, in particular a compressor, the splitter nose comprising: an annular casing an annular conduit for de-icing a separation edge of the splitter nose; the conduit is connected to the casing only in a first zone in the region of a hot air inlet and in a second zone located in a position diametrically opposite the inlet, or forming relative to the axis of the turbomachine an angle ? less than 30° with respect to the position so as to allow expansion deformations of the conduit. The invention also comprises a compressor and a turbomachine comprising such a splitter nose.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine and a retaining ring are disclosed. The gas turbine engine includes a rotating disc assembly, including a rotating disc, a cover plate, and a retaining ring disposed between the rotating disc and the cover plate, wherein the retaining ring axially retains the rotating disc and the cover plate, the retaining ring including a rotating disc face to interface with the rotating disc; a cover plate face to interface with the cover plate; and an end gap portion defining an end gap, wherein at least one of the rotating disc face, the cover plate face, and the end gap portion includes a stress reducing feature.

Abstract: A compliant seal component, a turbomachine including such compliant seal component, and an associated method for cooling the compliant seal component disposed in the turbomachine are disclosed. The compliant seal component includes a convoluted portion and a plurality of end portions spaced apart from each other. The plurality of end portions is joined to the convoluted portion. An end portion of the plurality of end portions includes a first section and a second section, the second section defining a plenum. The end portion further includes a plurality of inlet holes and a plurality of outlet holes. The plurality of inlet holes is configured to direct a portion of a cooling fluid to the plenum. The portion of the cooling fluid in the plenum is configured to cool the end portion. The plurality of outlet holes is configured to discharge the portion of the cooling fluid from the plenum.

Abstract: A turbine casing may comprise a casing body a heat pipe disposed in the casing body. The heat pipe may include a vaporization section and a condensation section. The vaporization section may be located forward the condensation section. The vaporization section may be located in a high pressure turbine region of the casing body. The condensation section may be located in a low pressure turbine region of the casing body.

Abstract: An assembly is provided for a turbine engine. This turbine engine assembly includes a tie-rod and a threaded retainer. The tie-rod includes a tie-rod threaded portion and a tie-rod unthreaded portion. The threaded retainer includes a retainer threaded portion and a retainer unthreaded portion. The retainer threaded portion is mated with the tie-rod threaded portion. The retainer unthreaded portion is radially engaged with the tie-rod unthreaded portion.

Abstract: A shaft assembly for a rotary machine, the rotary machine includes a low pressure compressor, a high pressure compressor, a high pressure turbine, and a low pressure turbine. The shaft assembly includes an outer shaft configured to couple the high pressure compressor to the high pressure turbine. The outer shaft includes a first forward bearing assembly positioned forward of the high pressure compressor, and a first aft bearing assembly positioned between the high pressure compressor and the high pressure turbine. The shaft assembly also includes an inner shaft rotatable about a common axis with the outer shaft that at least partially extends about the inner shaft. The inner shaft is configured to couple the low pressure compressor to the low pressure turbine. The inner shaft includes a second forward bearing assembly positioned forward of the low pressure compressor, and a second aft bearing assembly positioned proximate the high pressure turbine.

Abstract: A nacelle for a turbofan gas turbine engine, having in flow series an intake lip, a diffuser and a fan casing. The diffuser has, in flow series, a main section and a recessed section adjacent to the fan casing. A transition region, such as a step, slope or curve, is provided between the main section and the recessed section. In some arrangements the transition region may be configured to promote flow separation and the formation of a separation bubble in the recessed section.

Abstract: A liner element of a hot-gas-conveying duct of a turbine intermediate case of a gas turbine, in particular of an aircraft gas turbine, the liner element includes a central portion having at least one first reinforcement portion projecting in a direction away from the duct and extending substantially straight between an axial forward end and an axial rearward end; at least one of the two axial ends being adjoined by a second reinforcement portion projecting in a direction away from the duct and extending inclinedly or curvedly relative to the straight-line extent of the first reinforcement portion; the first reinforcement portion and the second reinforcement portion together forming a reinforcing element; the entire reinforcing element being disposed within the outer surface of the central portion, in particular in such a way that the reinforcing element is spaced apart from the first connecting portion and from the second connecting portion.

Abstract: A pin insertion hole penetrating an outer member from an outer circumferential side to an inner circumferential side is formed in the outer member. A pin groove that is concave from an outer circumferential side to an inner circumferential side is formed in an inner member. A positioning device includes a pin that is inserted into the pin insertion hole of the outer member and the pin groove of the inner member, a liner holder that comes in contact with a groove side surface of the pin groove, and a liner that is disposed between the liner holder and the pin in the pin groove.

Abstract: A fastener assembly includes a first component that includes a bushing opening. A second component includes a fastener opening. A threaded bushing is at least partially located within the bushing opening. A fastener extends through the fastener opening and engages the bushing.

Abstract: An exhaust gas diffuser (38) including: a radially-outer peripheral casing (46); a hub (42) located within said radially-outer peripheral casing and coaxial with a center axis (40) of the casing; main struts (44) located at circumferentially-spaced locations about the hub and extending radially-outwardly to the radially outer peripheral casing; and small struts (52) located at circumferentially-spaced locations between the main struts; wherein the main struts and small struts have substantially parallel longitudinal chord lines and each of the small struts have a cross-sectional area smaller than a cross-sectional area of the main struts.

Abstract: A continuously variable valve lift system includes a driving swing arm, an adjusting member, an adjusting swing arm and a camshaft. The driving swing arm is provided with a first connecting part, the adjusting member is provided with a second connecting part, and the adjusting swing arm is provided with a third connecting part, wherein two sides of the second connecting part abut against the first connecting part and the third connecting part, respectively, the second connecting part abuts against the third connecting part to form a spiral surface therebetween, and the adjusting member is further capable of sliding along an axial direction of the middle shaft, and the camshaft contacts with the adjusting swing arm.

Abstract: A lubrication pumping system for an oil lubricated engine is provided that includes a pump with an outlet and inlet. A relief valve is included having a housing with a multidimensional bore having a first diameter section axially intersecting with a second different diameter section. Slidably mounted in the first section is a spring biased primary piston have a first landing for metering flow between a pump discharge connection and a pump inlet connection. A secondary piston is provided in a second different diameter section of the valve housing bore. The inventive system allows for multiple modes of operation of oil pressure versus engine speed relationships by control of the pilot pressure to minimize parasitic loads exerted by the oil pump on the vehicle engine.

Abstract: A device for filtering a flow of gas conveying liquid or solid particles in a flow channel. According to the invention, the particles are imparted a speed that is high enough to project same by inertia into the opening of a recovery channel formed inside the flow channel, while the gas from the flow bypasses said opening due to a specific configuration of the flow conditions of a perfect fluid in the flow channel and in the collection channel.

Abstract: In an inner fin, a plate is made up of a top part, a bottom part, and a wall plate part, and a channel having a concave-shaped cross section and a channel having an inverted concave-shaped cross section are alternately repeated as channels of the gas by a pair of the wall plate parts facing each other. The wall plate part for each of the channels has a shape in which the wall plate part is bent left and right in a serpentine shape and projected and recessed parts thereof are alternately repeated and formed, and the recessed part of the wall plate part is formed with a chevron-shaped part made up of an upward slope part that ranges from a base part to the top part and a downward slope part that passes downward from the top part to a neighboring base part.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a diesel oxidation catalyst. In one example, the diesel oxidation catalyst comprises a washcoat with different catalytically active portions for reacting with one or more of carbon containing compounds and NOx. The diesel oxidation catalyst is located upstream of a particulate filter in an exhaust passage.

Abstract: The embodiments include: a NOx occlusion/reduction catalyst which is provided to an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, occludes NOx in exhaust when the exhaust is in a lean state, and reduces and purifies occluded NOx when the exhaust is in a rich state; a NOx purging control unit which, when the exhaust is in the rich state, executes NOx purging in which the NOx occluded in the NOx occlusion/reduction catalyst is reduced and purified; and a NOx-purging-prohibition processing unit which, when at least one of a plurality of prohibition conditions is fulfilled, prohibits execution of catalyst regeneration processing by the NOx purging control unit even if a catalyst-regeneration-processing start request has been issued, and, when one of the prohibition conditions is fulfilled during execution of the catalyst regeneration processing, invalidates the prohibition condition and allows continued execution of the catalyst regeneration processing by the NOx purging control unit.

Abstract: Emissions control assemblies including substrates defining a plurality of channels that are configured to receive engine exhaust passing through the substrates, and heating elements configured to heat the substrates.

Abstract: A normal suction pipeline (27) through which urea water that is sucked from a urea water tank (22) toward a urea water pump (25) flows and a heater-equipped return pipeline (29) through which the urea water that is returned from the urea water pump (25) toward the urea water tank (22) flows are connected between the urea water tank (22) and the urea water pump (25). A supply pipeline (28) through which the urea water that is supplied toward a urea water injection valve (14) by the urea water pump (25) flows is connected between the urea water pump (25) and the urea water injection valve (14). The heater-equipped return pipeline (29) is equipped with a heating wire (29B) adapted to heat the urea water therein. The normal suction pipeline (27) is formed as a pipeline that is not equipped with the heater. The heater-equipped return pipeline (29) and the normal suction pipeline (27) are disposed in a state of contact with each other.

Abstract: This NOx reduction control method is for an exhaust gas aftertreatment device having an oxidation catalyst and an LNT catalyst which are disposed in an exhaust pipe and repeating an adsorption or occlusion of NOx which is executed when an air-fuel ratio is in a lean state and a reduction of NOx which is executed when the air-fuel ratio is in a rich state, the method including executing a post-injection or an exhaust pipe injection and causing HC to be adsorbed in the oxidation catalyst when an exhaust gas temperature is low, and causing the HC which is adsorbed in the oxidation catalyst to be desorbed and reducing an adsorbed NOx in the LNT catalyst by raising the exhaust gas temperature during the rich state.

Abstract: An exhaust purification system includes: an NOx reduction type catalyst, which is provided in an exhaust system; a temperature acquisition unit, which acquires a catalyst temperature of the NOx reduction type catalyst; and a regeneration treatment unit, which executes a catalyst regeneration to recover an NOx purification capacity, wherein the regeneration treatment unit alternately executes a rich control, in which an exhaust air fuel ratio is set to a rich state to raise a temperature of the NOx reduction type catalyst to a predetermined target temperature, and a lean control, in which the exhaust air fuel ratio is set to a lean state to lower the temperature of the NOx reduction type catalyst, and sets an execution period of the lean control based on a deviation between the catalyst temperature acquired by the temperature acquisition unit during the previous rich control and the target temperature.

Abstract: An exhaust purification system includes a NOx reduction catalyst which is provided on an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine, a SOx purging control module for executing a SOx purging control for restoring the NOx reduction catalyst from sulfur poisoning by increasing a temperature of the exhaust gas to a first target temperature at which SOx are desorbed through an injection system control to increase a fuel injection amount, a prohibition module for prohibiting an execution of the SOx purging control according to an operating state of the internal combustion engine, and a temperature retention mode control module for executing a temperature retention mode control for maintaining the temperature of the exhaust gas at a second target temperature which is lower than the first target temperature by controlling the fuel injection amount during a period of time during which the SOx purging control is prohibited.

Abstract: In an assembly and methods for NOx reductant dosing with variable spray angle nozzle, according to various embodiments, a reductant dosage is calculated. A reductant delivery region in an exhaust stream area of an aftertreatment system and an actuation period may be specified. Based at least on the reductant delivery region and the actuation period, the reductant insertion assembly may be placed in a state for reductant delivery such that one of a first array of reductant insertion ports and a second array of reductant insertion ports is in an open position. The shape of the variable spray angle nozzle may define different levels. Different arrays of reductant delivery ports may have varying operating characteristics, such as diameter, number of ports, actuation time, and/or reagent delivery angle and may be activated based on reductant flow pressure and/or reductant flow velocity.

Abstract: A system for diesel exhaust fluid (DEF) pressure relief for a vehicle that includes a DEF pump assembly in an interior of a DEF storage tank is described. The system includes a DEF shear structure fixed to a top interior portion of the DEF storage tank. The DEF shear structure includes a plurality of expansion channels extending from the top interior portion of the DEF storage tank into stored DEF in the storage tank. When the DEF storage tank experiences a freeze event the plurality of expansion channels have smooth walls configured to guide a frozen DEF away from the DEF pump assembly.

Abstract: An automotive exhaust aftertreatment system for a combustion engine in an automobile includes an ammonia gas distribution system for delivering gaseous ammonia to an exhaust stream. The ammonia gas distribution system is configured to mix the ammonia and the exhaust stream together before the exhaust gas and ammonia are exposed to a catalyst in the SCR.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a stored reductant determination circuit structured to determine an amount of stored reductant in a component of an exhaust aftertreatment system, and a fuel mode economy circuit structured to control an amount of reductant added to the exhaust aftertreatment system during an engine idle mode of operation based on the amount of stored reductant.

Abstract: An exemplary method includes determining an NH3 reference target in an exhaust conduit between a first SCR catalyst and a second SCR catalyst. The method includes determining a present amount of NH3 in the exhaust conduit between the first SCR catalyst and the second SCR catalyst, and determining an NH3 error term in response to the NH3 reference target and the present amount of NH3. The method further includes determining an amount of NOx downstream of the second SCR catalyst, and adjusting one of the NH3 reference target and a reductant doser command in response to the amount of NOx downstream of the second SCR catalyst. The method further includes providing a reductant doser command in response to the NH3 error term.

Abstract: An exhaust gas cleaning system comprises a reducing agent injection module installed in an housing mounted in an exhaust pipe through which an exhaust gas is discharged, the reducing agent injection module being configured to inject a reducing agent into the housing, a selective catalyst reduction device installed in rear of the reducing agent injection module and configured to catalytic react the reducing agent with nitrogen oxide included in the exhaust gas to reduce the nitrogen oxide, a differential pressure sensor to detect a differential pressure between a pressure in the housing in front of the selective catalyst reduction device and a pressure of the housing in rear of the selective catalyst reduction device, and a control device to receive the pressure information from the differential pressure sensor and to output a first warning signal when the detected differential pressure is lower than a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: An exhaust gas control apparatus for an internal combustion engine includes a selective reduction catalyst (SCR), a urea solution supply device and a control device. The control device diagnoses abnormality of the SCR in accordance with an amount of ammonia that is discharged to a downstream side of the SCR when supplying a urea solution in a supply amount at an abnormality diagnosis time that is a supply amount larger than a target supply amount to the SCR. Further, the control device performs control of decreasing a supply amount of the urea solution when predetermined conditions are satisfied after abnormality diagnosis of the SCR. Here, the predetermined conditions are that an estimated amount of ammonia adsorbed by the SCR is larger than the reference adsorption amount, and an amount of the urea solution required in removal of nitrogen oxide per unit is smaller than a reference urea solution amount.

Abstract: An aftertreatment system comprises a first passageway having a first temperature and a second passageway having a second temperature different than the first temperature. A turbine is disposed downstream from the first passageway and upstream from the second passageway. The turbine is in fluidic communication with the first passageway and the second passageway. The turbine is structured to receive an exhaust gas from the first passageway, generate energy using the exhaust gas flowing through the turbine and communicate the exhaust gas to the second passageway. The aftertreatment system also includes an insertion device structured to insert an exhaust reductant into the first passageway. A selective catalytic reduction system is configured to receive the exhaust gas from the second passageway and treat the exhaust gas. The first temperature can be higher than the second temperature.

Abstract: A multi-layer liquid purification element includes a liquid-permeable top layer and a liquid-impermeable base layer. The base layer has a suction port for drawing-in liquid through the liquid purification element. At least the top layer and the base layer are connected to one another by a liquid-impermeable connection. At least one separate insert is disposed between the top layer and the base layer. A method for producing a liquid purification element, a device for extracting a liquid additive for exhaust-gas purification from a tank and a motor vehicle are also provided.

Abstract: A particulate detection device has an insulation part, electrodes, an adhesion amount calculation section, a heater and a controller. The insulation part is located in an exhaust passage of an internal combustion engine and has an adhesion surface to which exhaust particulates emitted from the internal combustion engine adhere. The adhesion amount calculation section calculates an adhesion amount of the exhaust particulates adhered to the insulation part based on an electrical resistance between two of the electrodes. The controller, in a normal control, controls an air/fuel ratio in the internal combustion engine to be a theoretical air/fuel ratio. The controller, in a regeneration control, controls the heater to increase a temperature of the insulation part and removes the exhaust particulates from the insulation part by burning the exhaust particulates, and controls the air/fuel ratio to be lean as compared to the theoretical air/fuel ratio.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for operating an exhaust gas aftertreatment device for cleaning an exhaust gas flow of a motor vehicle with an internal combustion engine operated in normal mode with oxygen surplus. An oxygen store arranged downstream of an NOx storage catalyst of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device receives oxygen in normal mode, and during a regeneration mode emits oxygen for converting breakthrough hydrocarbons and/or carbon monoxide. The oxygen store is assigned to a particulate filter and/or an oxidation catalyst of the exhaust gas aftertreatment device. The particulate filter and/or the oxidation catalyst is arranged downstream of the NOx storage catalyst.

Abstract: A system for estimating an amount of soot in an exhaust particulate filter includes a delta P soot load estimate generator configured to generate a first soot load estimate as a function of a pressure drop and a mass flow of exhaust. The system further includes a model estimate generator configured to generate a second soot load estimate as a function of a modeled engine performance. A trust factor generator is configured to determine a trust factor signal as a function of at least one engine operating characteristic, and a decision generator is configured to determine whether to use the first soot load estimate or the second soot load estimate as a function of the trust factor signal.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for a particulate matter sensor positioned downstream of a diesel particulate filter in an exhaust system. In one example, a particulate matter sensor may include a cylindrical assembly with a circular plate and a plurality of dividers located therein.

Abstract: A failure determination apparatus for an oxygen concentration sensor disposed downstream of a catalyst provided in an exhaust system is provided for detecting a failure in the oxygen concentration sensor. The failure determination apparatus comprises: a failure determination device for determining a failure in the oxygen concentration sensor based on the length of a period when the output of the oxygen concentration sensor passes through a predetermined output section during enrichment control after a fuel cut mode of the internal combustion engine is released; a rich fuel supply amount calculation device for calculating the time average of an enriching fuel supply amount, relative to a fuel supply amount necessary for stoichiometric combustion, based on an actual fuel supply amount during the enrichment control; and a failure determination restriction device for restricting failure determination of the failure determination device based on the time average of the enriching fuel supply amount.

Abstract: An exhaust system provides an oxygen sensor within a balance tube for use with a marine engine. The balance tube is configured to protect the oxygen sensor from water that infiltrates the exhaust system. The exhaust system further provides a mounting system configured to attach to an engine such that an axial load placed on the exhaust system.

Abstract: There is provided an exhaust device of a straddle-type vehicle. A first muffler body is arranged at one side, at which a drive chain is not arranged, in a region at the rear of a chamber. A second muffler body is arranged at another side, at which the drive chain is arranged. A first connection pipe interconnects the chamber and the first muffler body. A second connection pipe interconnects the chamber and the second muffler body. An exhaust control valve is configured to control a flow rate of exhaust air to circulate from an exhaust port toward the first muffler body via an exhaust pipe, the chamber and the first connection pipe. A part or all of the second connection pipe is formed to have a pipe shape by two or more plate materials, and has a non-true circular cross-sectional surface shape.

Abstract: A two-piece, stamped muffler having an integrally-attached aerodynamic shield having a flat bottom shape is disclosed. The muffler may be formed with a substantially flat lower surface. The aerodynamically-improved muffler set forth herein is provided as an aerodynamic shield that is incorporated into an extended flange provided in the shell blank, as a deflector that is attached to a muffler lower shell body and the clamshell flange such as by welding, that is separately attached to the clamshell flange only such as by welding, or that is separately attached to the lower shell only, again possibly by welding. For dual stamped mufflers, the shield may be used jointly with an incremental shield separate from, or integrated into, the spare tire well to connect the twin dual muffler shields to achieve vehicle aerodynamic requirements. A muffler having the aerodynamic shield deflects underbody air flow outside of the rear fascia cavity.

Abstract: A water pump is mounted to a combustion engine having a crank shaft extending in a vehicle widthwise direction, a crankcase supporting the crank shaft and a covering member fastened to an abutting surface at one side surface of the crankcase. The water pump includes: a water pump shaft that is disposed in parallel to the crankshaft and is drivingly coupled with the crankshaft; an impeller fixed to a distal end portion of the water pump shaft; and a pump casing rotatably supporting the water pump shaft. The water pump is disposed laterally inward of the abutting surface in the vehicle widthwise direction. The water pump shaft is inserted through an insertion hole provided in the crankcase. The pump casing is fitted in a mounting hole provided at an outer surface of the crankcase.

Abstract: Embodiments of a powertrain cooling system and embodiments of a radiator module are provided for deployment onboard a vehicle. In one embodiment, the powertrain cooling system includes a first airflow path, a second airflow path, a primary radiator core positioned in the first airflow path, an auxiliary radiator core position in the second airflow path, and a first airflow valve positioned in the second airflow path upstream of the auxiliary radiator core. The first airflow valve is movable between a closed position wherein the first airflow valve impedes airflow to the auxiliary radiator core and an open position.

Abstract: A variable charge motion system may include a sliding plate positioned internal to a pipeline of an intake port connected to a combustion chamber, and slide and moved to induce a tumble flow with respect to an intake flow of the air which flows the pipeline and enters into the combustion chamber, wherein the sliding plate is positioned along a guide wall formed in the pipeline.

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a spark-ignited charged internal combustion engine coupled to an exhaust gas turbocharger with a compressor mounted on a rotatable shaft, the rotatable shaft coupled to a turbine and to an electric auxiliary drive. The electric auxiliary drive of the exhaust gas turbocharger may be activated to increase rotational speed of the rotatable shaft to drive the compressor to supply boost to the engine. The electric auxiliary drive may be engaged or disengaged from the rotatable shaft, responsive to engine operating conditions, such as engine speed, rotation speed of the rotatable shaft, exhaust volume, and engine boost demand.

Abstract: Various methods and systems are provided for adjusting an amount of intake airflow diverted away from an intake manifold and to atmosphere in response to a temperature of exhaust entering a turbocharger turbine and a target pre-turbine temperature. In one example, an amount of intake airflow entering engine cylinders, and thus an air-fuel ratio entering the engine cylinders, may be controlled to maintain the temperature of exhaust entering the turbocharger turbine at the target pre-turbine temperature.

Abstract: A centrifugal compressor for a turbocharger includes an inlet-adjustment mechanism in an air inlet for the compressor, operable to move between an open position and a closed position in the air inlet. The inlet-adjustment mechanism includes a plurality of first blades disposed about the air inlet and each pivotable about one end of the blade, and a plurality of second blades axially adjacent to the first blades and disposed about the air inlet and each pivotable about one end of the blade, the first and second blades extending through a slot in the air inlet wall when the blades are in the closed position so as to form an orifice of reduced diameter relative to a nominal diameter of the inlet. Movement of the inlet-adjustment mechanism from the open position to the closed position is effective to shift the compressor's surge line to lower flow rates.

Abstract: A multi-arc bearing includes: a bearing surface a cross-sectional shape of which perpendicular to an axial direction of a shaft includes a plurality of arcs; and an oil supply groove provided on the bearing surface and extending in the axial direction of the shaft, the oil supply groove having a bearing clearance at a front side end portion in a rotation direction of the shaft smaller than a bearing clearance at a rear side end portion in the rotation direction.

Abstract: Provided are novel methods of phases that utilize heat to produce new efficient engine cycles. Some phases in these methods do not rely upon mechanical displacement (such as from the piston of a conventional engine) to carry out the phases. Some phases utilize heat from hot expanded combustion gases and efficiently utilize gas contractions. Some phases rely upon directing heat, and creating gas changes from preheated substance injection, and efficiently utilize gas changes. Gas changes utilized in these methods are timed with the mechanical cycle of the engine and utilized, for example, to reduce or reverse pumping loss, reduce mechanical friction, and decrease the idle (non-power-producing i.e. power-taking) strokes and phases usually found in an engine's cycle, and to increase the engines performance, which gives the invention the ability to increase an engine's thermal efficiencies for wider ranges of operating conditions from what it would be otherwise.

Abstract: The internal combustion engine comprises: operating members and operating by a predetermined pressure or more of oil pressure; a hydraulic oil path supplying hydraulic oil to the operating members through crank journals; a lubricating oil path supplying lubricating oil to crankpins through the crank journals; a hydraulic control valve linearly controlling an oil pressure supplied to the operating members due to change of that opening degree; and a control device. The control device controls the opening degree of the hydraulic control valve so that when operating the operating members, the predetermined pressure or more of oil pressure is supplied to the operating members, and controls the opening degree of the hydraulic control valve so that when not operating the operating members, less than the predetermined pressure of oil pressure is supplied to the operating members.