Abstract: A machine is provided including a shredder formed by at least two parallel series of contrarotating knives, alternating with counter-knives. The knives are carried by shafts and the edge of each counter-knife facing the opposite knife associated thereto has an arcuate portion. At least one counter-knife has a portion extending above the axis of the shaft and forming an arcuate edge centered on the axis of the other shaft of the shredder, this arcuate edge completing the arcuate portion. The arcuate portion has a notch formed on it, opening into the arcuate edge formed by this arcuate portion, and forming a tip oriented toward the upstream side of the counter-knife.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for sorting and utilizing coal and rock for a coal and rock combined mining face, and is especially applicable to the sorting and utilization of coal and rock mined from a coal and rock combined mining face when an extremely thin coal seam is used as a protective layer in combined mining of multiple coal seams.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatuses, systems, and methods for programmable fluidic processors. In one embodiment, the invention involves manipulating droplets across a reaction surface of the processor substantially contact-free of any surfaces. The reaction surface and the electrodes of the processor may include a coating repelling the droplets. Further, the present invention provides for a suitable suspending medium for repelling droplets away from fixed surfaces.

Abstract: One or more electrodes are attached to an electrically permeable substrate attached to an incubator and energized with A.C. signals, D.C. signals or both A.C. and D.C signals. E-fields emitted from the electrodes pass through the substrate and into the incubator. The e-fields generate or apply dielectrophoresis (DEP) forces on small particles suspended in a liquid inside the incubator. The strength and direction of the DEP forces are controlled and manipulated by the manipulating the signals and can manipulate the motion of the suspended particles. The shapes of the electrodes help shape the generated e-fields and facilitate complex movements of the suspended particles. The suspended particles can be stem cells in a nutrient rich solution.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to methods that can be used in the enrichment of metal sulfide ores in desired minerals in cases where the ores have sulfide-containing gangues. The method involves adding an oxidant to slurries prepared from the ores during, or immediately prior to froth flotation.

Abstract: There is provided a teat cup (1) comprising a flexible liner (3) for engaging about a teat of an animal to be milked. The liner has a head portion (7) at one end of the liner and a milk discharge passageway (12) at another end of the liner. The head portion is provided with a mouth (9) through which the teat is engageable with the liner, and an injector (18) for injecting fluid into the head portion of the liner. The injector comprises a gravity biased diverter that controls, based on an orientation of the teat cup, an injection direction (FLT, FLF) in which the fluid is injected into the head portion. There is further provided a method for milking an animal using the teat cup.

Abstract: A multi-function shower head for automatically adjusting a water flow spray pattern upon interrupting water flow.

Abstract: A shower assembly includes a panel and a stopper movable between a first position and a second position. The panel includes a first region having a plurality of first openings passing through the panel and a second region having a plurality of second openings passing through the panel. When the stopper is in the first position, water provided to the shower assembly is permitted to pass through the plurality of first openings but is prevented from passing through the plurality of second openings. When the stopper is in the second position, water provided to the shower assembly is permitted to pass through the plurality of second openings.

Abstract: A dosing dispenser system and a dosing dispenser include a slidable control configured to allow a user to select a desired mixing ratio for a product contained in a container attached to the dosing dispenser with a transport medium, such as water, flowing through the dosing dispenser.

Abstract: This electrostatic sprayer of coating products with external load, comprises a bowl rotatable about an axis, a turbine for rotating the bowl around this axis, and a plurality of first electrodes distributed around the axis and each capable of emitting, when the sprayer is operating and is at least partly in the direction on an object to be coated, a first ion flux from a first point. The first points are arranged in a first circle centered on and perpendicular to the axis. The sprayer comprises second electrodes each capable of emitting, when the sprayer is operating and mainly or exclusively in the direction of an edge of the bowl, a second ion flux, of the same sign as the first ion flux, from second points arranged in a second circle centered on and perpendicular to the axis, and having a different radius than the first circle.

Abstract: Nozzle apparatus for producing a liquid jet are disclosed. An example nozzle apparatus includes: (a) an outer nozzle housing defining a cavity and having an outlet defined at an apex of the cavity, (b) a cylindrical sidewall coupled to a base of the nozzle housing, where the cylindrical sidewall defines a plurality of arch-shaped voids and (c) an inner housing coupled to the outer nozzle housing, where the inner housing has a first end and a second end, where at least the first end of the inner housing is arranged within the cavity of the outer nozzle housing, where the inner housing defines a through-hole that is arranged concentric with the outlet of the outer nozzle housing.

Abstract: The invention provides apparatus for spray coating of substrates using a rotary bell cup atomizer equipped with an air-driven main turbine and a supply of pressurized primary shaping air conveyed through primary shaping air channels and nozzles for controlling the shape of the atomized spray pattern exiting the bell cup edge, the apparatus further including an auxiliary, independently air-driven turbine equipped with a rotatable vortex generator, and including a separate air supply of secondary shaping air for supplying secondary shaping air through secondary air channels and nozzles to further control the shape of the atomized spray pattern exiting the bell cup, which secondary shaping air, on passing through the vortex generator, produces a curtain of shaping air in a vortex-like pattern, which, in conjunction with and mixing with the primary shaping air from the primary air nozzles, produces improved pattern control, transfer efficiency and quality of coating on the substrate.

Abstract: An external by-pass circuit for a positive displacement pump includes a flow diverter valve coupled to the pressure port of the pump. The flow diverter has an end coupled with a high flow output and another end coupled with a low flow output. The low flow end includes a by-pass arm coupled to and input flow fitting. The flow diverter valve further includes a ball valve to direct fluid to either the high flow or low flow output. The input flow fitting is coupled to the suction port of the pump at the one end and couples with a fluid source at the other end. The input flow fitting includes a flow control arm which includes a needle valve to selectively control flow within the flow control arm. The flow control arm also includes a by-pass fitting fluidly coupled with the by-pass arm of the flow diverter valve.

Abstract: A liquid dispensing apparatus for applying liquid products to row crops. The liquid dispensing apparatus includes a plurality of drop assemblies supported by and laterally spaced along a boom structure and pivotal with respect thereto. Each of the drop assemblies includes dribble hoses for dribbling a liquid product onto the soil in a rhizosphere of adjacent crop rows. The drop assemblies may include a spray assembly for spraying the row crops.

Abstract: A spray system has a pump with a double-action reciprocating plunger balanced to receive equal up-stroke and down-stroke assist from a pre-pressurized supply. The reciprocating plunger has identical working surface area on opposite first and second axial faces. A pumping system has a double-action reciprocating plunger with upward- and downward-facing spacers. The plunger travels axially within a proportioning cylinder with first inlet and outlet ports at a first axial end, and second inlet and outlet ports at an opposite second axial end. When the plunger is at its top-most position, the upward-facing plunger occludes the first inlet and outlet ports without blocking flow. When the plunger is at its bottom-most position, the downward-facing plunger occludes the second inlet and outlet ports without blocking flow.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fluid dispensing devices for use in dispensing different liquids (e.g., bleach and bleach activator) from a bottle having first and second compartments. To minimize the presence of mixed composition residually present within the fluid dispensing device, it may be helpful to delay mixing. Separate dip tubes may be provided to pull liquid from the separate compartments, each with its own separate pump. Each pump may deliver the separate compositions to a spray nozzle of the device through separate delivery tubes (e.g., from the pumps to the nozzle). In other embodiments, a single delivery tube, and/or a single pump may be provided, e.g., where the volume of mixed composition that may be present in such pump and/or delivery tube may be sufficiently small so as to still provide overall desired efficacy characteristics. Dual delivery tube configurations may eliminate any need to prime the device by spraying out old, residual mixed composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to fluid dispensing devices for use in dispensing different liquids (e.g., bleach and bleach activator) from a bottle having first and second compartments. To minimize the presence of mixed composition residually present within the fluid dispensing device, it may be helpful to delay mixing. Separate dip tubes may be provided to pull liquid from the separate compartments, each with its own separate pump. Each pump may deliver the separate compositions to a spray nozzle of the device through separate delivery tubes (e.g., from the pumps to the nozzle). In other embodiments, a single delivery tube, and/or a single pump may be provided, e.g., where the volume of mixed composition that may be present in such pump and/or delivery tube may be sufficiently small so as to still provide overall desired efficacy characteristics. Dual delivery tube configurations may eliminate any need to prime the device by spraying out old, residual mixed composition.

Abstract: A plural component dispensing system individually delivers separate material components to each of a plurality of proportioners. Each of the proportioners regulates volumetric flow of each of the separate material components to produce a target ratio of the separate material components associated with the proportioner. The target ratios associated with the plurality of proportioners can be the same or different target ratios. Each proportioner delivers the separate material components at the associated target ratio to one of a plurality of dispensing devices. Each dispensing device mixes the separate components received at the corresponding target ratio and delivers the components as a mixture.

Abstract: A wheel rim guard includes a body having an obverse surface and reverse surface, the surfaces in mutually opposed orientation and having a thickness (t) intermediately disposed between the surfaces and with the surfaces mutually terminating at an outer circumferential periphery. The guard includes a first channel disposed within the reverse surface of the body, and a first flexible gasket disposed within the first channel. The guard also includes a handle disposed on the obverse surface of the body. A holder may be included that clips to the handle of the guard to position the guard for hands-free operation.

Abstract: A protective shield device for a travel rail is provided, the travel rail including at least one robot with an application element coupled thereon. The protective shield device comprises at least one protective shield component for protecting the travel rail from the application medium, e.g. paint, dispensed by the application element of the at least one robot. The protective shield device is configured to extend over a portion of the travel rail and to move relative to the travel rail.

Abstract: A compound delivery applicator comprising a substantially conical portion comprising a first end configured to couple to a compound receptacle and an applicator blade coupled to the substantially conical portion. The applicator blade comprises a first portion extending outwardly along a longitudinal axis of and from a second end of the substantially conical portion, the first portion comprising a first side edge and a second side edge each forming an acute angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the substantially conical portion and a scraper coupled to the first portion distal the substantially conical portion. The compound delivery applicator further comprises a compound delivery channel extending internally through at least a portion of the substantially conical portion, the compound delivery channel further extending through the scraper of the applicator blade and configured to pass a compound therethrough.

Abstract: A glue gun and a method of advancing glue sticks in a glue gun. A leading glue stick is held in a channel of a feeder assembly in an active position, and a next-in-line glue stick is positioned adjacent the active position. In response to movement of a trigger of the glue gun by a user, the feeder assembly feeding the leading glue stick in an advancing direction. Upon advancement of the leading glue stick beyond a forward end of the next-in-line glue stick, the next-in-line glue stick drops freely into the active position, and a transition from feeding the leading glue stick with the feeder assembly to feeding the next-in-line glue stick with the feeder assembly occurs exclusively by repeated trigger actuation. No other steps or actions are required to put the next-in-line glue stick into the active position upon depletion of the leading glue stick.

Abstract: A cloud tower (11) receives microscopic particles (18) impelled by an inert gas (17) for deposition on a porous substrate (29) having vacuum (34) disposed on opposite side. To alter the size and/or shape of the deposition field without changing the entire tower structure, a pair of flaps (43, 44) are hinged (47, 48) on one side or on a pair of opposed sides of the cloud primary tower. Another embodiment places selectable tower inserts (36, 38) within the primary tower structure, fitting therein and sealing thereto.

Abstract: A coating method has a reciprocating rotating step. A wire bar is rotated at a first rotational speed for coating a film on a web. In a process of rotating the wire bar at the first rotational speed, a tangential direction of the wire bar at a connecting area between the wire bar and the web is opposite to a moving direction of the web, and then the wire bar is rotated to restore to an original position at a second rotational speed. Meanwhile, the tangential direction is changed and is same to the moving direction of the web. The second rotational speed is far faster than the first rotational speed. A coating device has a base, the wire bar disposed across the base, and a rotation adjusting module connected to the wire bar for driving the wire bar to rotate reciprocatingly.

Abstract: Methods of machining a body to produce a chip are provided wherein the body is formed of a material and in a state such that the material exhibits sinuous flow during a machining operation. The methods include providing a layer located on a surface of the body, and machining the body by causing engagement between a cutting tool and the body in a contact region below an area of the surface having the coating layer thereon and moving the cutting tool relative to the body to produce the chip having the layer thereon. The layer reduces sinuous flow in the material of the body and the chip is formed primarily by laminar flow.

Abstract: A method of curing a curable composition includes: providing the curable composition; providing a substrate having a primer disposed on at least a portion thereof, wherein the primer comprises at least one immobilized polyvalent metal compound for free-radically curing the curable composition; and contacting the curable composition with the primer, thereby causing at least partial curing of the curable composition. The curable composition includes at least one free-radically polymerizable compound and a beta-dicarbonyl compound. The method can be used for adhesive bonding of substrates and preparation of various articles.

Abstract: A method of lining an inner surface of a tubular with a polymer, includes positioning a polymer injecting head within the tubular, forming an annular space between the injecting head and an inner surface of the tubular, injecting polymer through the injecting head into the annular space, and moving the polymer injecting head longitudinally relative to the tubular while injecting polymer.

Abstract: In some examples, a CMUT array may include a plurality of elements, and each element may include a plurality of sub-elements. For instance, a first sub-element and a second sub-element may be disposed on opposite sides of a third sub-element. In some cases, the third sub-element may be configured to transmit ultrasonic energy at a higher center frequency than at least one of the first sub-element or the second sub-element. Further, in some instances, the sub-elements may have a plurality of regions in which different regions are configured to transmit ultrasonic energy at different resonant frequencies. For instance, the resonant frequencies of a plurality of CMUT cells in each sub-element may decrease in an elevation direction from a center of each element toward the edges of the CMUT array.

Abstract: An electronic vibrator comprises a power source unit converting AC power into DC power, a bridge circuit comprising an insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) as a power switching device for driving a large-capacity oscillator, a circuit driving unit driving the bridge circuit and applying a sine wave which is a sine wave PWM modulation reference wave as well as a triangular wave, and a vibration generator connected to the bridge circuit, generating vibration by a current supplied by the bridge circuit.

Abstract: A transducer laminate in which electrical contact is made between electrical conductors (C1, C2) and a transducer layer (TY). The transducer laminate includes two adhesive-coated foils (F1, F2), whose adhesive coatings (AC1, AC2) are arranged to face each other. At a first position (A-A?) along the length of the two electrical conductors (C1, C2) the two electrical conductors (C1, C2) are sandwiched between the adhesive coatings (AC1, AC2) of the two adhesive-coated foils, and the transducer layer (TY) is also sandwiched between the two electrical conductors (C1, C2) such that electrical contact is made with the electrodes (E1, E2) on the transducer layer (TY). At a second position (B-B?) along the length of the two electrical conductors (C1, C2) the two electrical conductors (C1, C2) are sandwiched between the adhesive coatings (AC1, AC2) of the two adhesive-coated foils and there is no transducer layer (TY) sandwiched between the two electrical conductors (C1, C2).

Abstract: A motovibrator with continuous adjustment of the angular offset of the eccentric masses includes a substantially box containment body which accommodates electric motor elements which have a stator that is integral with the body and a rotor for the rotational actuation of a shaft about its own longitudinal axis. The opposite ends of the shaft protrude from the body and are each associated with at least one respective eccentric mass. The shaft includes a main section and a secondary section mutually aligned along the longitudinal axis, the main section being actuated rotationally directly by the rotor, and are coupled rotationally by interposition of transmission elements.

Abstract: A screening system (10) comprising at least one first substantially annular screen support (11) and a second substantially annular screen support (12); at least one pressure rod (14), which braces the screen supports (11, 12) with each other in such a manner that a compressive stress is produced between the screen supports (11, 12); at least one substantially cylindrical outer screen surface (13), which is clamped between the screen supports (11, 12); and at least one resonator (15) for the introduction of ultrasonic vibrations directly into the screen surface (13). The resonator (15) may be fastened to the screen surface (13) and essentially runs from the first screen support (11) to the second screen support (12). An eddy-current screening machine is also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for fractionating a milled grain product into coarse and fine fractions includes providing a sieving apparatus with a bottom chamber divided from a top chamber by a sieve, an inlet port in the top chamber, a top chamber cover defined by a plurality of openings, and a first exit port in the bottom chamber, and applying vacuum suction to the sieving apparatus.

Abstract: Identification of a material composition. The material composition is configured with a color additive that is embedded or otherwise not visible. The color additive identifies the specific material composition. A discrete section or sub-section of the material is deformed such that the embedded color additive is made visible in the optical spectrum, after which the discrete section or sub-section may be sorted for recycling.

Abstract: Embodiments of the inventive concepts provide a method of cleaning a furnace-type semiconductor apparatus that is equipped in a clean room and includes a process chamber in which a process of forming a thin film is performed on a substrate. The method includes supplying air of the clean room into the process chamber after the process of forming the thin film, and thermally treating an inside of the process chamber using the air of the clean room supplied to the inside of the process chamber. An adhered material containing chlorine is formed on an inner surface of the process chamber by the process of forming the thin film, and the chlorine of the adhered material is removed by the thermal treatment of the inside of the process chamber.

Abstract: A containment basket adapted for bottles or similar containers includes: sidewalls, a base including grids or slots, an open side opposite to the base, and a fastening system on opposite first sidewalls of the basket; for securing fixed grids parallel to the base of the basket. The fixed grids include apertures for housing the bottles. Lateral guides on opposite second sidewalls of the basket are adapted for housing a lever system for positioning a sliding grid parallel to the fixed grids in a height-adjustable position. The sliding grid includes apertures suitable for housing the bottles. First windows on the second sidewalls are adapted to cooperate with the lever system to allow the height-adjustable positioning of the sliding grid and to allow the sliding grid to slide between a first bottle retaining position and a second bottle releasing position.

Abstract: An article that includes: a glass, glass-ceramic or ceramic substrate comprising a primary surface; and an easy-to-clean (ETC) coating disposed over the primary surface, the coating comprising a bound ETC component and a mobile ETC component. Further, the bound ETC component comprises a perfluoropolyether (PFPE) silane. In addition, the mobile ETC component is disposed on or within the bound ETC component and comprises a fluorinated material, the mobile ETC component configured for movement relative to the bound ETC component.

Abstract: An apparatus for rolling strip having a periodically fluctuating strip thickness has a roll stand with a set of rollers defining a gap, an adjustment actuator for adjusting the gap of the set of rollers, unwinder for feeding the strip with an initial thickness to an intake side of the roller gap, winder for receiving the strip with a desired final thickness from an output side of the gap, respective upstream and roller assemblies each having an immersion roller provided upstream of the roll stand between the unwinder and the roll stand and downstream of the roll stand between the roll stand and the winder. The strip is guided around the immersion rollers. A controller sets positions of the immersion rollers while operating the rollers of the roll stand at a constant roller speed, for determining the roller gap in dependence on the setting of the rollers.

Abstract: As sections of a rolled product (1) pass through a cooling path (2), they are initially cooled in a first cooling phase by front cooling devices (6). The sections are then not cooled in a subsequent second cooling phase. They are finally cooled again in a subsequent third cooling phase, by rear cooling devices (8) of the cooling path (2). A control device (10) of the cooling path receives in each case an initial energy value (EA) exhibited by the sections before they pass through the cooling path (2). The control device furthermore receives a target energy (E1*) and a target enthalpy (E2*). The control device (10) determines a first target cooling medium profile (K1*) on the basis of the initial energy value (EA) and the target energy (E1*). The control device controls the front cooling devices (6) in accordance with the first target cooling medium profile (K1*) while the respective section is passing through the front cooling devices (6).

Abstract: A system and method for producing a seamless pipe from a hollow billet with a smaller diameter than the seamless pipe, uses a pressure container configured to house the hollow billet. The hollow billet is surrounded by a fluid. A movable punch arranged to fit inside the hollow billet, wherein a hydraulic pressure is transferred from the fluid to the movable punch and to the hollow billet simultaneously, along at least a partial length of the hollow billet. A die opening is arranged serial to the pressure container, wherein the die opening is configured to house a fixed mandrel, the fixed mandrel having a diameter larger than an inner diameter of the hollow billet, so that a gap is formed between the die opening and the fixed mandrel, and the hydraulic pressure of the fluid is generated by an input force from an input punch to move the hollow billet towards the die opening and force the hollow billet material into the gap between the die opening and the fixed mandrel.

Abstract: This gate device is provided with a guide unit having a guide section that is disposed at the downstream side of pinch rollers at a path line along which a metal sheet is conveyed, opens/closes a coil-up line that is curved from the path line, and guides the upwards-facing surface side of the metal sheet led in to the coil-up line. A configuration is adopted such that the guide unit has a main body frame and a liner that is attached to the main body frame, forms at least a portion of the second guide surface that guides the metal sheet, has a lower coefficient of friction than the main body frame, and has a lower hardness than that of the metal sheet.

Abstract: A composite structure includes a base and an auxiliary portion of dissimilar materials. The auxiliary portion is shaped by stamping. As the auxiliary portion is stamped, it interlocks with the base, and at the same time forming a desired structured feature on the auxiliary portion, such as a structured reflective surface, an alignment feature, etc. With this approach, relatively less critical structured features can be shaped on the bulk of the base with less effort to maintain a relatively larger tolerance, while the relatively more critical structured features on the auxiliary portion are more precisely shaped with further considerations to define dimensions, geometries and/or finishes at relatively smaller tolerances. The auxiliary portion may include a composite structure of two dissimilar materials associated with different properties for stamping different structured features.

Abstract: A tool may be used to shape and/or partially press harden a workpiece. In some examples, the tool may comprise a main body having a surface, as well as a heat conducting system containing a thermal medium. The heat conducting system is integrated in the tool in such a way that, for the heating of the surface, a heat radiating from a heat source is conducted by means of the heat conducting system to the surface of the main body. Further, the heat conducting system may comprise a thermal oil or a melt as the thermal medium. The surface of the main body may be configured to face the workpiece during the shaping or partial press hardening of the workpiece.

Abstract: There is provided a press forming method capable of suppressing a camber back, which occurs in a hat-shaped member while reducing a restriction on a shape of the hat-shaped member. At a time of the press forming, a blank material (4) in which a longitudinal line length is at least longer than a longitudinal line length of a top plate portion of a hat-shaped member (5) is fixed between a pair of press dies (lower die (2), upper die (3)), which have bent surfaces (convex surface (2a), concave surface (3a)), while being warped upward, that is, in a bending direction of the lower die (2) and the upper die (3). Subsequently, for the fixed blank material (4), a bent portion of the hat-shaped member (5) is press formed by using the convex surface (2a) and the concave surface (3a).

Abstract: An electro-hydraulic forming machine (1) for the plastic deformation of a projectile part (P13) of the wall (P1) of a workpiece (P) to be formed, preferably a cylindrical tubular workpiece, via a forming fluid (F), includes a tool (4) for applying the forming fluid on the inner face (P11) of the projectile part (P13), the application tool (4) including:—a chamber (44) intended to contain the forming fluid (F), cooperating with elements (3) for generating a shock wave in the forming fluid (F) intended to be contained in the chamber (44), and—at least one downstream port (42), intended to open opposite the projectile part (P13) of the wall (P1) to be deformed and in fluid communication with the chamber (44), in order to allow the passage of the forming fluid and for propagating the generated shock wave towards the footprint (22) of a target support (2).

Abstract: In a back pressure device for progressive die apparatus, a suitable back pressure can be produced during the blanking interval preventing the iron core laminates from being pushed upward by using a simple structure.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for crimping coupling rings are provided. The apparatus generally has a lower clamp head and an upper clamp head that may be drawn together by a fastener. The lower and upper clamp heads are designed to receive a first portion and a second portion of a coupling ring, respectively. A first and second post holds the clamp heads adjacent to each other. The upper clamp head is secured to the first post such that the upper clamp head may rotate in a generally circular motion to switch the apparatus from a closed to an open configuration, or vice versa. When the apparatus is placed in a closed configuration, the fastener may be engaged to draw the clamp heads together to increase the compressive force imposed on a coupling ring until the coupling ring becomes crimped.

Abstract: A device (1) for the stepwise advancing of workpieces, in which a first swing arm (7) and a second swing arm (11) of a drive unit (8, 9) are respectively designed at each gripping rail (2, 3) of two gripping rails (2, 3), which are arranged in parallel to each other, for detecting and transporting the workpieces in a first end region (4) and a second end region (5), which include a gripping region (6) between them. The first swing arm and the second swing arm engage with the respective gripping rail (2, 3) at a distance from one another and movably retain them along a direction of extension of the gripping rail (2, 3).

Abstract: Provided is a method for manufacturing a cylindrical member which includes end bending of respective end portions of a plate material in a longitudinal direction, primary grooving of respective end surfaces of the plate material subjected to end bending, bending of the plate material to a ring shape, secondary grooving of respective end surfaces of the plate material subjected to bending in a ring shape, and joining of respective end surfaces of the plate material. Therefore, it is possible to manufacture a high-quality cylindrical member.

Abstract: A method for making a bent razor blade is disclosed. The method includes: providing an elongated strip of stainless steel that can be 0.076 mm thick; hardening the strip; providing a cutting edge along an edge of the strip and providing coating(s) on the cutting edge. The stainless steel has a carbon content less than 0.60% and preferably between 0.45% and 0.55% by weight. The strip is separated lengthwise into discrete razor blades. The bent portion of the razor blade is then formed using a swivel bending process.