Abstract: Provided is a ground fault detection device including a detection capacitor, a positive electrode power supply side resistor, a negative electrode power supply side resistor, a positive electrode ground side resistor, a negative electrode ground side resistor, a positive electrode side twin relay selectively switching a connection point of one end of the detection capacitor; a negative electrode side twin relay selectively switching a connection point of the another end of the detection capacitor, and a controller controlling switching of the positive electrode side twin relay and the negative electrode side twin relay, and calculating an insulation resistance of the system provided with the high-voltage battery based on a charging voltage of the detection capacitor, and determines there is a possibility that a sticking fault has occurred.

Abstract: An insulation detector for highly accurately detecting or measuring, with a simple configuration, insulation resistance of a load or an apparatus to a ground or a housing and connected to an electric apparatus including one or both of an intra-apparatus capacitor and a battery, the insulation detector including an intra-insulation detector capacitor, a voltage detecting unit that detects a voltage of the intra-insulation detector capacitor, and a current-path forming switch for connecting the ground or the housing, the intra-apparatus capacitor, and the intra-insulation detector capacitor in series and forming a current path including insulation resistance of the electric apparatus. The insulation detector measures the insulation resistance by measuring a time constant of a change in the voltage of the intra-insulation detector capacitor.

Abstract: A detection method for an LED chip comprising the following steps: providing a container with a solvent therein, and putting the LED chips in the container to mix the LED chips with the solvent; providing a base with a circuit therein, the base forms a plurality of receiving holes, a bottom of each receiving holes have an N electrode and a P electrode coupled with the circuit; transferring the solvent and the LED chip mixed in the solvent on the base; detecting the LED chip received in the receiving holes; providing a carrier film and classifying the LED chips on the carrier film.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a test response compaction scheme and, more particularly, to a test response compaction scheme for integrated circuits with improved diagnostic capability and test time, with related structures and processes. The method includes: arranging bits of a memory cell into channels and clock cycles, wherein each clock cycle is assigned a successive prime number and each channel has a maximum chain length of “X” number of bits; performing a test by applying stimulus and capturing response in memory elements; scanning out test results of the test performed on the bits for each cycle and channel; calculating a final signature of the test results using the successive prime number and a weighting afforded to each channel; and identifying any failures of the bits by comparing the final signature to an expected signature.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a surface-emitting laser includes the steps of fabricating a substrate product including device sections, a pad electrode, and a conductor, each of the device sections including a surface-emitting laser having an electrode, the conductor connecting the pad electrode to the electrode across a boundary of the device sections; attaching a connection device to the substrate product, the connection device including a probe device having a probe and a probe support base having an opening; performing a burn-in test of the surface-emitting lasers by applying electric power to the pad electrode through the probe at a high temperature; and after the burn-in test, separating the substrate product into semiconductor chips. The burn-in test includes a step of monitoring light emitted by the surface-emitting laser through the opening during the burn-in test, and a step of selecting the surface-emitting lasers based on a monitoring result.

Abstract: To provide a prober and a probe contact method capable of enhancing the reliability of electrical contact between electrode pads on a wafer and probes. A prober includes a wafer chuck, a probe card, a ring-shaped seal member provided on the wafer chuck, a Z-axis moving/rotating unit which lifts up and down the wafer chuck detachably fixed to a wafer chuck fixing part, a decompressor which depressurize an internal space formed by the probe card, the wafer chuck and the ring-shaped seal member, a lifting controller which controls the Z-axis moving/rotating unit to bring probes into contact with electrode pads in an overdrive condition, and a depressurization controller which controls the decompressor such that the wafer chuck is drawn to the probe card by depressurization of the internal space.

Abstract: Provided is a wafer inspection method wherein a chuck top can be properly received. When an aligner receives a chuck top after a wafer W has been inspected, the distance between the chuck top and a chuck base is adjusted by adjusting the inclination of the chuck base such that the chuck top height, which is the distance between the chuck top and the chuck base after the chuck top is held, is a height in which any of 0 to 200 ?m is added to the chuck top height before the chuck top is held.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aligning device and handling device, and in particular to an aligning device for the positionally accurate coupling of a handling device for exchanging an interface unit to another device for receiving at least one interface unit and to a handling device for exchanging an interface unit.

Abstract: An electronic component transport apparatus includes: an openable and closable first opening and closing portion; a first rotation support portion which supports the first opening and closing portion to be rotatable; a second opening and closing portion provided to be openable and closable in the first opening and closing portion; and a second rotation support portion which supports the second opening and closing portion to be rotatable. An area of the first opening and closing portion is greater than an area of the second opening and closing portion.

Abstract: Implementing a circuit design may include detecting, using computer hardware, a net of the circuit design with a hold timing violation, generating, using the computer hardware, a list including each load of the net, and filtering, using the computer hardware, the list based on predetermined criteria by, at least in part, removing each load from the list determined to be non-critical with respect to hold timing. Using the computer hardware, the circuit design is modified by inserting a flip-flop in the net to drive each load remaining on the list, clocking the flip-flop with a clock signal of a start point or an end point of a path traversing the net, and triggering the flip-flop with an opposite clock edge compared to the start point or the end point.

Abstract: An electronic device includes a controller, a user interface and a sensor. The user interface and the sensor are coupled to the controller. The user interface is configured to send a first user command to the controller to control the controller to enter a burst mode. The controller is configured to control the sensor to continuously sense a chip or an environment where the chip is located to generate multiple sensing values, and to generate a sensing data according to the sensing values after the controller receives the first user command to enter the burst mode.

Abstract: The present invention provides a diagnosis system for vehicular DC charging relay, the system comprises a controller, two resistor clusters R1 and R2, and a switch S, wherein, two resistor clusters R1 and R2 are bridging in a serially connected way in between the DC charging high voltage cables of the vehicle, the resistor cluster R1 consists of two serially connected sub-resistors, and the controller is able to measure a voltage V1 at a common terminal of the two serially connected sub-resistors via a first voltage detection port, the resistor cluster R2 consists of two serially connected sub-resistors, and the controller is able to measure a voltage V2 at a common terminal of the two serially connected sub-resistors via a second voltage detection port, the controller is able to execute a diagnosis operation, and the diagnosis operation is based on the measurements of the voltages V1 and V2.

Abstract: A component monitoring apparatus [100] including an input [110] to receive sensor data from a sensor arrangement [S1-S4]. The sensor data representative of a use of a respective component [105] during a monitoring interval. A memory [118] provided to store received sensor data and a life parameter associated with the component [105], an interface [126] provided to communicate with a remote device and a power cell [128] provided to power the apparatus [100]. The apparatus [100] arranged to: store in the memory [118] received sensor data, in response to a trigger, read the sensor data from the data memory [118] and transfer the sensor data to the remote device, and, in response to receipt of a data packet containing a life parameter associated with the usage of the component [100], store the life parameter to the memory [122].

Abstract: A degradation state estimating device includes: a Q calculator that receives inputs of the voltage, the current, and the battery temperature of a secondary battery, and calculates a discharge capacity; an OCV calculator that calculates an open-circuit voltage (OCV) value; and an OCV curve estimator that estimates at least one OCV curve. A state-of-charge estimating device includes an SOC estimator that estimates a state of charge (SOC) from the OCV curve and the open-circuit voltage (OCV) value estimated by the degradation state estimating device.

Abstract: A battery sensor assembly utilizing a housing that resembles a battery, such that the battery sensor assembly may be disposed in a battery pack with adjacent batteries and electrically coupled to the adjacent batteries. The battery sensor assembly is operable for monitoring state of charge, voltage, state of health, temperature, and electrical current of the adjacent batteries in real time and measurements may be relayed to a central battery management system via a wireless or wired link.

Abstract: A system and method for measuring a voltage of electrochemical cells of a pack. The system includes circuit elements individually associated with respective electrochemical cells of the pack and having electrical characteristics that are different such that individual electrochemical cells can be distinguished from one another. The system also includes a measurement circuit configured to measure the voltage of the electrochemical cells and to identify an electrochemical cell being measured based on an electrical characteristic of a circuit element associated with the electrochemical cell. Various self-diagnostic techniques are described, as well as techniques for measuring sense resistance, reducing sense resistance, and measuring changes in voltage of a cell over time.

Abstract: A battery monitoring apparatus capable of reducing power consumption. At least one monitoring integrated circuit (IC) is electrically connected to a high-voltage battery formed of a plurality of cells and configured to monitor the high-voltage battery in a plurality of modes of operation. A low-voltage power supply circuit can deliver power of a lower voltage than the power of the high-voltage battery to the at least one monitoring IC. A power supply to the at least one monitoring IC is selected from a group of the high-voltage battery and the low-voltage power supply circuit depending on the mode of operation the at least one monitoring IC.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for determining critical operating states in a fuel cell stack, consisting of single cells connected in series, wherein a low-frequency current or voltage signal is applied to the fuel cell stack, the resulting voltage or current signal is measured and the distortion factor thd is determined. According to the invention, the weighted sum of a term dependent on the membrane resistance RM and a term dependent on the distortion factor thd is used to determine an indicator THDAdryout correlating with the drying out of the fuel cell membranes of the fuel cell stack, the membrane resistance Rm being detected by impedance measurement.

Abstract: In embodiments, an apparatus may include a battery life monitor. The battery life monitor may, in some embodiments, receive a battery level indicator indicative of a current charge level of a battery that is coupled with the apparatus and a first temperature that may indicate a temperature of a current location of the apparatus. The battery life monitor may also receive one or more additional temperatures that indicate respective temperatures of one or more locations in which the apparatus is likely to be operated prior to discharge of the current charge level of the battery. Based at least in part on the current charge level, the first temperature indicator, and the one or more additional temperatures, the battery life monitor may calculate one or more battery life estimates that correspond with the one or more locations. Other embodiments may be described and/or claimed.

Abstract: A device includes a plurality of high voltage cells (HVC) coupled to a plurality of resistors, and a controller. The plurality of HVC generates an output voltage that is higher than an input voltage to the plurality of HVC. The controller receives a reference voltage and an output voltage from a resistor of the plurality of resistors. The controller generates a signal responsive to a difference between the reference voltage and the output voltage. The controller forms a closed feedback loop with the plurality of HVC and the plurality of resistors. The generated signal is input to the plurality of HVC. A substrate of a resistor of the plurality of resistors is biased to an output of at least one high voltage cell of the plurality of HVC. Output of the at least one high voltage cell is input to another high voltage cell.

Abstract: Aspects are described for a test configuration for emergency lighting fixtures. In one example, a light fixture includes a lighting element, a battery, a clock, and a processor. The processor is configurable via a user interface. The processor is configured to test the light fixture. The testing includes illuminating the lighting element for a predetermined duration using the battery as a power source. The testing is initiated by a timer that uses the clock. The processor of the light fixture receives input, via the user interface, adjusting a value for the start timer. Based on the start timer expiring, the processor initiates a test of the light fixture for the predetermined duration. The processor further indicates a result of the test via the user interface. Based on the test being successful, the processor resets the start timer.

Abstract: A planar sensor array capable of three-dimensional magnetic field sensing is disclosed. The sensor array may be utilized, for example, in connection with security inspections and detection of concealed electronics and contraband. Each sensor pixel may comprise a planar spiral inductor to measure a magnetic field of interest in a first dimension, a first Hall effect sensor to measure the magnetic field of interest in a second dimension, and a second Hall effect sensor to measure the magnetic field of interest in the third dimension.

Abstract: One example includes a sensor system. A cell system includes a pump laser which generates a pump beam to polarize alkali metal vapor enclosed within a sensor cell. A detection system includes a probe laser to generate a probe beam. The detection system can calculate at least one measurable parameter based on characteristics of the probe beam passing through the sensor cell resulting from precession of the polarized alkali metal vapor in response to an applied magnetic field. A pump beam control system pulse-width modulates a frequency of the pump beam to provide a pulse-width modulated (PWM) pump beam, and controls a duty-cycle of the PWM pump beam based on the characteristics of the probe beam passing through the sensor cell in a feedback manner to control polarization uniformity of the alkali metal vapor and to mitigate the effects of AC Stark shift on the at least one measurable parameter.

Abstract: A physics package apparatus for a compact atomic device includes a container having a plurality of slots and an open end, a first vapor cell carrier slidably seated in one of the plurality of slots, a vapor cell coupled to the first vapor cell carrier; and a lid sealably enclosing the open end so that the vapor cell is sealably enclosed in the container.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a narrow elongate probe is adapted for insertion into the body of a living subject. The probe may be flexible and has a plurality of sensors consisting of single coils of very fine wire wound about a backbone of the probe, which transmit signals proximally via fine connecting wires to a position processor. The position processor analyzes the signals to determine position coordinates at multiple points along the length of the probe.

Abstract: Magnetic resonance (MR) apparatuses, systems and methods for analysing a material. The magnetic resonance apparatuses include a primary loop defining an aperture that the material being analysed can pass through where the primary loop includes at least one pair of electrically conductive segments. The magnetic resonance apparatus also includes a pair of capacitance units corresponding to each pair of electrically conductive segments. Each capacitance unit is conductively connected to two adjoining conductive segments in series so that the primary loop forms a circuit for a radio frequency (RF) current. The primary loop is adapted to: conduct the RF electrical current so that the RF electrical current is predominantly in-phase over the entire primary loop. The magnetic resonance apparatus further includes: a pair of secondary coils corresponding to each pair of capacitor units, electrically conductively isolated from the primary loop.

Abstract: The embodiments relate to a method and to a device having at least one source, (in particular, having a source for a magnetic resonance imaging system), wherein the device is designed to select a supply voltage of the source on the basis of a load voltage of a load supplied with current and/or voltage from the source.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an MRI apparatus includes a wireless RF coil; a control side oscillator configured to output a control-side clock signal used for executing a pulse sequence; and a synchronization signal transmission circuit configured to wirelessly transmit a synchronization signal to the wireless RF coil in an executing period of the pulse sequence, except an MR-signal detection period during which the wireless RF coil detects a magnetic resonance signal, wherein the synchronization signal is within a frequency band of a Larmor frequency and reflects a phase of the control-side clock signal.

Abstract: A synchronization system (100, 200, 400A, 400B, 600) for magnetic resonance (MR) systems includes a main magnet (104, 404, 692) having a main bore (113, 413) and opposed first and second ends (114); a system controller (110, 610) configured to generate a clock synchronization signal in accordance with a system clock; first and second transmission antennas (132,432, TX1, TX2) at opposite ends of the main magnet and configured to transmit the clock synchronization signal into the main bore of the main magnet; and a radio frequency (RF) portion (120, 660) including at least one reception antenna (136, RX1) and a synchronizer (122). The at least one reception antenna is situated within the main bore of the main magnet and is configured to receive the clock synchronization signal transmitted by the first and second transmission antennas.

Abstract: A magnetic resonant device includes a receiving antenna, a detune circuit, and an energy harvesting circuit. The detune circuit is coupled to the receiving antenna for switching the receiving antenna between a resonant mode and a non-resonant mode. The receiving antenna in the resonant mode receives a magnetic resonant signal of a magnetic resonant examination. The energy harvesting circuit is coupled to the detune circuit for inducing a harvesting current flowing through the receiving antenna in the non-resonant mode to harvest electric power from the receiving antenna. Advantageously, with this simple and low cost power scheme, traditional cumbersome and expensive DC cablings can be eliminated from the magnetic resonant device.

Abstract: A cryostat apparatus including a cooler configured to cool a cryogenic fluid. The cooler includes a cooler chamber disposed about a cooler axis. A magnet assembly is in thermodynamic communication with the cooler and is disposed about a magnet axis offset from the cooler axis. The magnet assembly includes a magnet housing and first and second annular magnet coils disposed about the magnet axis within the magnet housing. A viewing chamber is at least partially located between the first and second magnet coils, such that the magnet axis and a viewing axis perpendicular to the magnet axis both pass through the viewing chamber, with the viewing axis extending between the first and second magnet coils. The first annular magnet coil includes a first conical surface disposed about the magnetic axis and having minimum and maximum peripheries, the minimum periphery being disposed adjacent the viewing chamber.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance imaging system includes at least one gradient coil, at least one coil former, a thermal shield assembly, and at least one linking member. The at least one gradient coil generates at least one gradient field along at least one direction in response to pulsed signals. The at least one coil former is attached with at least one coil. The thermal shield assembly is arranged adjacent to the at least one coil former. The at least one linking member is configured for increasing mechanical rigidity of the thermal shield assembly by mechanically linking at least a part of the thermal shield assembly with the at least one coil former. As a result, mechanical vibrations of the thermal shield assembly can be reduced.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a magnetic resonance imaging apparatus includes a gradient coil, power supply circuitry, and control circuitry. The gradient coil generates a gradient magnetic field. The power supply circuitry supply power to the gradient coil, the power being required by the gradient. The control circuitry temporarily change an upper limit value of power to be supplied by the power supply circuitry to a second value higher than a first value as a rated value based on the power required by the gradient coil.

Abstract: Methods for measuring physico-chemical properties using a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer are disclosed, including methods to determine an initial amount of a substance, usually a liquid, contained inside a porous material and an initial amount of the substance, usually a liquid, present outside the porous material, methods to measure the release kinetics of a substance, such as a liquid, from a porous material, and methods for performing chemical reactions and other physico-chemical operations in situ inside a nuclear magnetic resonance probe after a sample is loaded into a nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. The apparatuses for performing these methods are also disclosed.

Abstract: A method for generating at least one acquisition template for an acquisition of magnetic resonance signals, an acquisition template generating unit, a magnetic resonance apparatus and a computer program product. At least one acquisition template is generated with an acquisition template generating unit. The at least one acquisition template has a plurality of spiral-like spokes in a k-space, each spoke having a plurality of spiral points.

Abstract: A method for controlling a magnetic resonance system outputs a pulse sequence including a first slice-selective excitation pulse that excites a first slice with a first magnetization. The pulse sequence includes a second slice-selective excitation pulse that excites a second slice with the first magnetization and a third slice-selective excitation pulse that excites the first slice with a second magnetization that cancels the first magnetization. The pulse sequence also includes and a fourth slice-selective excitation pulse that excites the second slice with a magnetization that cancels the first magnetization. The first slice and the second slice intersect.

Abstract: Apparatus, methods, and other embodiments associated with NMR fingerprinting are described. One example NMR apparatus includes an NMR logic configured to repetitively and variably sample a (k, t, E) space associated with an object to acquire a set of NMR signals. Members of the set of NMR signals are associated with different points in the (k, t, E) space. Sampling is performed with t and/or E varying in a non-constant way. The varying parameters may include flip angle, echo time, RF amplitude, and other parameters. The NMR apparatus may also include a signal logic configured to produce an NMR signal evolution from the NMR signals, a matching logic configured to compare a signal evolution to a known, simulated or predicted signal evolution, and a characterization logic configured to characterize a resonant species in the object as a result of the signal evolution comparisons.

Abstract: A magnetic field within a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging system (300) is measured. The MR system includes a magnet (304) with an imaging zone (308), a radio-frequency transceiver (316), and a magnetic field probe (322) located within the imaging zone. The magnetic field probe includes a fluorine sample (404) including any one of the following: a fluoroelastomer (700), a fluorine containing ionic liquid (600), and a solution of a fluorine containing compound. The field probe further includes an antenna (406) for manipulating the magnetic spins of the fluorine sample and for receiving fluorine magnetic resonance data from the fluorine sample. The antenna is connected to the radio-frequency transceiver. The method includes acquiring (100, 200) the fluorine magnetic resonance data using the magnetic resonance imaging system and calculating (102, 206) a magnetic field strength (344) using the fluorine magnetic resonance data.

Abstract: In a method and apparatus for recording magnetic resonance (MR) data of a target region of a subject, the recording process is divided into subsections each follow the other after a repetition time. Before each recording of MR data of a subsection with a measurement sequence, an adiabatic preparatory pulse is activated that inverts the longitudinal magnetization of a saturation molecule type, from which no MR data are to be recorded. An excitation pulse is emitted spaced by an inversion time from the preparatory pulse. Before the first preparatory pulse, at least one adiabatic preparation pulse is emitted that inverts the longitudinal magnetization with a timing such that the longitudinal magnetization of the saturation molecule type at the time of the first preparatory pulse at a steady state value, which occurs again before the repetition time after each preparatory pulse.

Abstract: The MR apparatus 100 comprises: image producing unit 9a for producing coronal images of a part to be imaged; search-region defining unit 9d for defining a region Rs1 to be searched; unit for determining an indicator VI representing a likelihood that a pixel contained in the region Rs1 to be searched lies on an edge E of a liver adjacent to lungs; and unit for, by dividing the region Rs1 to be searched into a plurality of sub-regions R1-R11 arranged in an SI-direction, determining a position of the edge E of the liver in the SI-direction based on indicators VI obtained on a sub-region-by-sub-region basis.

Abstract: A system and method for magnetic resonance imaging is provided. The method may include: determining a scanning parameter, wherein the scanning parameter includes one or more predetermined values; obtaining one or more MR signal sets based on the one or more predetermined values; generating one or more original images based on the one or more MR signal sets, wherein an original image corresponds to an MR signal set; determining one or more virtual values associated with the scanning parameter; and generating one or more virtual images based on the one or more virtual values and the one or more original images, wherein a virtual image corresponds to a virtual value.

Abstract: Some aspects include a method of detecting change in degree of midline shift in a brain of a patient. The method comprises, while the patient remains positioned within the low-field magnetic resonance imaging device, acquiring first magnetic resonance (MR) image data and second MR image data of the patient's brain; providing the first and second MR data as input to a trained statistical classifier to obtain corresponding first and second output, identifying, from the first output, at least one initial location of at least one landmark associated with at least one midline structure of the patient's brain; identifying, from the second output, at least one updated location of the at least one landmark; and determining a degree of change in the midline shift using the at least one initial location of the at least one landmark and the at least one updated location of the at least one landmark.

Abstract: MR images (10, 20) of an object in its environment within a region of interest are generated. The object executes motion including a plurality of moving phases within a period of time.

Abstract: In multi-echo imaging, in imaging in which pulses other than a 180° pulse are included in refocus RF pulses, a high-quality image in which the intended contrast is emphasized is obtained by reducing unnecessary contrast. Therefore, imaging parameters are adjusted so as to reduce the unnecessary contrast. The adjustment is performed so that, for echo signals from tissues having the same relaxation time to cause intended contrast among echo signals from a plurality of tissues having different relaxation times, the difference between the signal strengths of echo signals to determine the contrast, such as echo signals at the k-space center, is reduced. Imaging parameters to be adjusted include a repetition time, the FA of a DE pulse, the FA of a saturation pulse, the application timing of the saturation pulse, the application strength of a gradient magnetic field in a recovery period, application timing, and the like.

Abstract: An apparatus and method are disclosed for determining a time origin of an input RF pulse of a plurality of input RF pulses. The method includes generating an RF echo based on the plurality of input RF pulses, a time-duration between the input RF pulses being controllable in order to determine a time instance corresponding to an ideal position of the RF echo. The method further includes acquiring a data signal corresponding to a scan of a subject, and computing a time-difference between a measured peak of the acquired data signal and the time instance corresponding to the ideal position of the RF echo, the computed time difference corresponding to a measure of a time-shift of an effective magnetic center of the input RF pulse.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed towards direction finding (DF) systems that can detect and locals a radio frequency (RF) signal (e.g. an emergency beacon) is two dimensions (i.e., azimuth and elevation). In one embodiment, a DF system comprises an array of multipolarized loop antennas coupled to a beamformer which provides monopole, dipole, and loop antenna element modal signals. The DF system may also comprise a multi-channel digital receiver system coupled to the beamformer. The multi-channel digital receiver system is configured to receive modal signals provided thereto from the beamformer which can be used for accurate two-dimensional geolocation of RF signals including, but not limited to, location of RF emergency beacon sources.

Abstract: Methods and systems for determining an angle of arrival (AoA) of a RF emitter signal utilizing phase comparisons between pairs of antennas from among two closely spaced antenna elements and a third antenna element fixedly positioned more distant, and a combination of TDOA and PI techniques, to resolve PI ambiguities. Overlapping AoA ambiguity patterns with different angular spacings may be resolved by TDOA techniques. A span of TDOA AoA possibilities is obtained, centered at a solution to a TDOA angle calculation and bounded by a known TDOA measurement error range.

Abstract: Multi-rotors use multiple electric motors to drive propellers that allow the multi-rotor to fly, turn, bank, etc. The multiple motors and the associated control device produce EM signals that can be used to detect multi-rotors and distinguish them from other devices with electric motors. To drive a brushless motor, the ESC takes DC from the battery and turns it into three phase AC (sinusoidal or trapezoidal wave), and then measures back EMF pulses (sensorless). This allows one to ensure that the three phase AC is being generated at the proper frequency to turn the motor (timing). For each propeller in the multi-rotor there are usually four different correlated signals at multiple frequencies that are used for detection and false alarm rejection.

Abstract: Systems and methods for beacon device fleet management are provided. One example system includes a plurality of beacon devices, a plurality of mobile computing devices, a fleet management system, and a fleet owner computing devices. One example method includes receiving, by the fleet management system, a device status request from the fleet owner computing device. The fleet management system determines one or more operational statuses of beacon devices owned by the fleet owner and transmits data indicative of the one or more operational statuses to the fleet owner computing device. The operational statuses can include a current detection status (e.g., online or offline), a location status, a power source status, and/or other operational parameters.

Abstract: It is disclosed to obtain a frequency transformed radiomap data set by applying a discrete frequency transform to an original radiomap data set. It is also disclosed to obtain a reconstructed radiomap data set by applying an inverse discrete frequency transform to a frequency transformed radiomap data set.