Abstract: One embodiment provides for a method for grooming transactional operations in a multi-master distributed data management system including maintaining transactional operations in at least one transaction-local side-log. A table log scan is performed for a table including recording identification for each record in a log. Tuple sequence numbers are generated for the records and the records are written on groomed transaction blocks to the table.

Abstract: Examples herein relate to re-synchronizing data between an upstream volume and a downstream volume, including by communicating data to the downstream volume, from a start point to an end point of the upstream volume, maintaining a first cursor to indicate data, from the start point to the first cursor, that has been communicated to and committed to persistent storage of the downstream volume, and maintaining a second cursor to indicate data, from the first cursor to the second cursor, that has been communicated to the downstream volume and buffered without yet being confirmed as committed to persistent storage of the downstream volume.

Abstract: A command from a host is received via a port of a storage system. The port is assigned a current port revision identifier. The current port revision identifier of the port is associated with the command. Responsive to a status change associated with the port, an updated port revision identifier is assigned to the port to replace the current port revision identifier of the port and execution of the command is aborted responsive to determining that the current port revision identifier associated with the command is different than the updated port revision identifier of the port.

Abstract: A computing device includes an interface configured to interface and communicate with a dispersed storage network (DSN), a memory that stores operational instructions, and a processing module operably coupled to the interface and memory such that the processing module, when operable within the computing device based on the operational instructions, is configured to perform various operations. The computing device processes data usage characteristics associated with a data object that is associated with a user to determine an estimated location of the user. When the estimated location of the user compares unfavorably to the home location of the user, the computing device pre-fetches less than the decode threshold number of EDSs, for each set of encoded data slices (EDSs) that respectively correspond to data segments of a data object, from first storage units (SUs) to second SUs associated with the estimated location of the user.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method according to one embodiment includes identifying a plurality of storage systems within a storage environment, determining characteristics of each of the plurality of storage systems, the characteristics including one or more data reduction techniques implemented by each of the plurality of storage systems, performing a plurality of storage simulations of one or more data volumes, utilizing the characteristics of each of the plurality of storage systems, and determining one of the plurality of storage systems to store the one or more data volumes, based on results of the plurality of storage simulations.

Abstract: In one embodiment, updating and searching of entries in a hardware content-addressable memory is coordinated to provide more searching bandwidth (e.g., for determining packet processing information), including, but not limited to, when vectors are moved among entries to free up desired entry positions for insertion of other vectors. A lookup operation in performed in content-addressable memory entries in a hardware content-addressable memory based on a lookup word to generate a content-addressable memory lookup result. Typically overlapping in time, a matching operation is performed in one or more transitory entries to generate a transitory matching result based on the lookup word. These transitory entries are populated with transitory vectors and have an associated index within the content-addressable memory, with these transitory vectors are subsequently inserted in the content-addressable memory at their associated index positions.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure provide for reducing a temperature of one or more non-volatile memory (NVM) dies of a solid state drive (SSD). The methods and apparatus detect a temperature of one or more NVM dies of a plurality of NVM dies of the SSD, the plurality of NVM dies including at least one parity NVM die, and determine that the one or more NVM dies is overheated when the detected temperature is at or above a threshold temperature. If the detected temperature is at or above the threshold temperature, the methods and apparatus redirect parity data designated for the at least one parity NVM die to the one or more overheated NVM dies. By repurposing the one more overheated NVM dies to store the parity data, the repurposed dies will experience less activity, and therefore, generate less heat without throttling or reducing the workload capability of the dies.

Abstract: A wear leveling method for a rewritable non-volatile memory module, a memory control circuit unit, and a memory storage apparatus are provided. The rewritable non-volatile memory module includes a plurality of physical erasing units. The method includes: recording an operation value of each of the physical erasing units; recording a usage situation value of each of the physical erasing units; and selecting a first physical erasing unit and a second physical erasing unit from the physical erasing units according to the operation values of the physical erasing units and the usage situation values of the physical erasing units and copying valid data stored in the first physical erasing unit to the second physical erasing unit.

Abstract: In one embodiment, efficient content-addressable memory entry integrity checking is performed that protects the accuracy of lookup operations. Single-bit position lookup operations are performed resulting in match vectors that include a match result for each of the content-addressable memory entries at the single-bit position. An error detection value is determined for the match vector, and compared to a predetermined detection code for the single-bit position to identify whether an error is detected in at least one of the content-addressable memory entries. In one embodiment, a particular cumulative entry error detection vector storing entry error detection information for each of the content-addressable memory entries is updated based on the match vector. The particular cumulative entry error detection vector is compared to a predetermined entry error detection vector to determine which, if any, of the content-addressable memory entries has an identifiable error, which is then corrected.

Abstract: Whether a replication relationship is established between a first and a second storage device is determined. If it is determined that the replication relationship is established between the first and second storage device, then whether data in the first region of the first storage device has changed since a previously completed asynchronous data replication process is determined. If the data in the first region of the first storage device has changed since the previously completed asynchronous data replication process, then whether the changed data in the first storage device is data copied from the second region of the first storage device is determined. If the changed data in the first region of the first storage device is data copied from the second region of the first storage device, then data from the second region of the second storage device is replicated to the first region of the second storage device.

Abstract: Examples of the present disclosure describe systems and methods for executable memory protection. In an example, calls to a memory API may be monitored to identify protection attributes of the associated memory. If software requests access to memory that is both executable and writeable, different protection attributes may be used to limit the availability of memory that is both executable and writeable. Subsequently, if software attempts to access the memory in a way not permitted by the different protection attributes, a resulting memory exception may be evaluated to determine whether to modify the memory protection attributes. In examples, the memory protection attributes may be updated accordingly (e.g., to be made executable but not writeable, writeable but not executable, etc.) and execution of the set of software instructions may resume. Thus, memory that is both executable and writeable may be reduced or eliminated; decreasing the likelihood of exploitation by malicious software.

Abstract: Provided is a control method of controlling locking or unlocking of storage using a blockchain. The control method includes: determining, when first request information indicating a lock/unlock request, that is a lock request or an unlock request, is received from a terminal, whether a keyholder identified by reading keyholder information stored in the blockchain matches an owner of the terminal that has transmitted the first request information, the keyholder information indicating a person having the authority to lock or unlock the storage; performing lock/unlock processing when the keyholder is determined to match the owner, the lock/unlock processing being processing for causing the storage to lock or unlock in accordance with the first request information; and performing first storage processing after the lock/unlock processing is performed, the first storage processing being processing of storing, in the blockchain, transaction data indicating that the lock/unlock processing has been performed.

Abstract: Command scheduling for die sets of non-volatile memory may be performed based on command states of the die sets. Upon receiving an erase command to erase data stored in a first block set of non-volatile memory, a command state of the first die set of the non-volatile memory is determined, where the first die set contains the first block set. If the first die set is determined to be in a pending command state, the erase command is queued in a wait queue. If the first die set is determined to be in an idle command state, the erase command is scheduled to erase the data stored in the first block set.

Abstract: Methods that can manage power for memory subsystems are provided. One method includes providing power to a set of memory devices via a set of power modules, determining a first amount of power being consumed by the set of memory devices, and in response to a predetermined event, modifying a second amount of power provided to the set of memory devices via a set of spare power modules. Systems and apparatuses that can include, perform, and/or implement the method are also provided.

Abstract: A non-volatile memory system goes into a low-power standby sleep mode to reduce power consumption if a host command is not received within delay period. The duration of this delay period is adjustable. In one set of embodiments, host commands can specify the delay value, the operation types to which it applies, and whether the value is power the current power session or to be used to reset a default value as well. In other aspects, the parameters related to the delay value are kept in a host resettable parameter file. In other embodiments, the memory system monitors the time between host commands and adjusts this delay automatically.

Abstract: Provided herein may be a memory system and a method of operating a memory controller. The memory system may include a memory device and a memory controller. The memory device may include a plurality of memory cells and store firmware data into the memory cells. The memory controller may control an operation of the memory device. The firmware data may include a firmware code. The memory controller may execute the firmware code based on host type information.

Abstract: The system, devices, and methods disclosed herein relate to using historic data storage system utilization metrics to automate data expansion capacity. In some embodiments, the data storage system is a RAID cloud having a plurality of storage devices divided into logical slices, also called splits. Methods disclosed herein allow user defined thresholds to be set wherein the thresholds control when data storage will be expanded. Data storage expansion capacity can be based upon historic usage criteria or customer-based criteria. Additional system customizations include user control over rebalancing data distribution as well as determining when system performance should be routinely evaluated offline.

Abstract: A method includes varying a number of clock characteristics of each a plurality of memory devices of a memory concurrently, determining a fitness of the memory for each variation of the number of clock characteristics, selecting a particular variation of the number of clock characteristics based on the determined fitness of the memory for the particular variation, changing a setting in each of the plurality of memory devices corresponding to the particular variation to generate an additional variation of the number of clock characteristics, and determining a fitness of the memory for the additional variation.

Abstract: Disclosed is a storage method of DNA digital data, including: encoding a plurality of bit data to a plurality of base sequences including at least one degenerate base; and synthesizing at least two types of bases constituting the at least one degenerate base on a substrate based on a mixing ratio.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for single level cell caching are described. According to one example, a method includes receiving, at a memory device, a first set of data to be stored in a lower page of multilevel memory cells, storing the first set of data in a page of single level memory cells, storing the first set of data in the lower page of the multilevel memory cells, receiving, at the memory device, a second set of data to be stored in an upper page of the multilevel memory cells, and storing the second set of data directly in the upper page of the multilevel memory cells.

Abstract: A method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for processing a data location of a storage device. The method includes: when a device is restarted, writing a first location information set of historical data stored in the storage device into a memory, where the historical data and location information corresponding to the historical data are stored in the storage device correspondingly; if there is update data in the storage device, writing location information of the update data stored corresponding to the update data in the storage device into the memory; and generating, according to the first location information set and the location information of the update data, a second location information set in the memory, and storing the second location information into the storage device.

Abstract: A storage system including a random access memory, a hard disk, a non-volatile memory and a processing circuit is provided. The hard disk includes a media cache. When the processing circuit is to store data in the random access memory to the hard disk, the data in the random access memory are firstly stored to the non-volatile memory. Afterwards, the data in the non-volatile memory are directly written to a number of continuous sectors in the hard disk without being stored in the media cache of the hard disk.

Abstract: Provided are a controller configured to perform secure deletion, a key-value storage device including the controller, and a method of operating the key-value storage device. The key-value storage device includes a non-volatile memory including a plurality of blocks, and a controller configured to control a memory operation on the non-volatile memory, receive a write command including a first key and a first value corresponding to the first key from a host, write data of a file corresponding to the first value to at least one block of the plurality of blocks of the non-volatile memory in response to the write command, receive a secure deletion command for the first value from the host, and erase the at least one block to which the first value is written, in response to the secure deletion command.

Abstract: A method for execution by one or more processing modules of one or more computing devices of a dispersed storage network (DSN), the method begins by identifying, for data stored within a DSN memory, one or more encryption keys used to encrypt data stored within the DSN memory. The method continues by identifying, for data stored within a portion of the DSN memory requiring sanitization, a master key of the one or more encryption keys that encrypts all of the data stored within the portion to be sanitized. The method continues by determining, if the master key is not used to encrypt data stored outside of the portion to be sanitized. The method continues, if the master key is not used to encrypt data stored outside of the portion to be sanitized, by sanitizing the data stored within a portion of the DSN memory by erasing the master key.

Abstract: When contents of UFSHCI standard are directly implemented in a UFS host, a problem may occur such that read/write operations of a UFS device stop or contents of data are destroyed. A semiconductor device has a UFS host controller that performs data transfer with a universal flash storage (UFS) device. The semiconductor device includes a Run-Stop register that sets the UFS host controller into a processing possible state, a Door bell register that instructs the UFS host controller to perform transfer, and a ready bit that indicates whether or not the UFS host controller can perform processing of transfer request. When the Run-Stop register is cleared while the data transfer is in process, the UFS host controller prevents a next data transfer from being registered until the data transfer is completed.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, a memory system stores write data received from a host to a shared write buffer for write destination blocks, acquires first write data for plural pages from the shared write buffer, and writes the first write data to a first write destination block by a first-step write operation. When receiving write data from the host in a state in which an empty region does not exist in the shared write buffer, the memory system discards write data in the shared write buffer in which the first-step write operation has been finished. In a case where the first write data do not exist in the shared write buffer when a second-step write operation of the first write data is to be executed, the memory system transmits a request to acquire the first write data to the host.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatuses for ensuring data consistency. In some embodiments, a method comprises writing data into a first temporary buffer in a first processor. The method further comprises, in response to the data being written into the first temporary buffer, sending the data to a second processor to update a copy of the data in the second processor. In addition, the method comprises, in response to receiving an indication that the second processor has received the data, copying the data from the first temporary buffer to a first working buffer in the first processor.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods related to command selection policy for electronic memory or storage are described. Commands to a memory controller may be prioritized based on a type of command, a timing of when one command was received relative to another command, a timing of when one command is ready to be issued to a memory device, or some combination of such factors. For instance, a memory controller may employ a first-ready, first-come, first-served (FRFCFS) policy in which certain types of commands (e.g., read commands) are prioritized over other types of commands (e.g., write commands). The policy may employ exceptions to such an FRFCFS policy based on dependencies or relationships among or between commands. An example can include inserting a command into a priority queue based on a category corresponding to respective commands, and iterating through a plurality of priority queues in order of priority to select a command to issue.

Abstract: A memory management method for a memory storage device including a rewritable non-volatile memory module is provided according to an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure. The method includes: performing a data merge operation for at least one physical unit of the rewritable non-volatile memory module according to a write command from a host system; and adjusting times of performing the data merge operation according to a dispersion rate of a plurality of logical units corresponding to first data stored in at least one first-type physical unit of the rewritable non-volatile memory module.

Abstract: A computer system including: a first computer including a first processor and a first nonvolatile memory; and a second computer including a second processor and a second nonvolatile memory in which the second computer is connected to the first computer. The first computer includes a redundant hardware that, on receiving a write command from the first processor, writes the write data of the write command both into the first nonvolatile memory and into the second computer.

Abstract: A method for handling a command ID conflict in an NVMe-based solid-state drive (SSD) device includes fetching, from a host submission queue (HSQ), one or more commands submitted by a host device. The fetched commands are checked to determine if there is a command ID conflict. A command ID (CID) error interrupt is communicated to firmware of the SSD device if the command ID conflict is detected. A command validation is performed for the one or more commands on receiving the CID error interrupts. A command response is communicated with additional special information from the device FW to the host device for a command having a command ID conflict. One or more resources associated with the one or more commands are released based on the command response.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods related to command selection policy for electronic memory or storage are described. Commands to a memory controller may be prioritized based on a type of command, a timing of when one command was received relative to another command, a timing of when one command is ready to be issued to a memory device, or some combination of such factors. For instance, a memory controller may employ a first-ready, first-come, first-served (FRFCFS) policy in which certain types of commands (e.g., read commands) are prioritized over other types of commands (e.g., write commands). The policy may employ exceptions to such an FRFCFS policy based on dependencies or relationships among or between commands. An example can include inserting a command into a priority queue based on a category corresponding to respective commands, and iterating through a plurality of priority queues in order of priority to select a command to issue.

Abstract: The embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a method and apparatus for reading or writing disk data. The disk includes a primary metadata block storing metadata, a backup metadata block for backing up metadata, and at least one object block group. Each object block group includes a data block storing object data, and an index block storing an index of the object data. The primary metadata block is located at a head of the disk; and the backup metadata block is located at a tail of the disk. The at least one object block group is located between the primary metadata block and the backup metadata block. In reading or writing object data, the index in the index block, the metadata in the primary metadata block and the metadata backed up in the backup metadata block can be separately operated. By applying the embodiments of the present disclosure, the life and security of the disk are increased.

Abstract: An operating method of a memory device includes: instructing, by a master chip, a first memory chip and a second memory chip to perform a read operation; transferring, by the first memory chip, data stored in the first memory chip to the master chip through a first through-chip channel in response to the read operation instruction, and transferring, by the second memory chip, data stored in the second memory chip to the master chip through a second through-chip channel in response to the read operation instruction; comparing, by the master chip, a phase of the data transferred through the first through-chip channel with a phase of the data transferred through the second through-chip channel; and adjusting a delay value of a data transmission channel of at least one of the first memory chip and the second memory chip based on a result of the comparing.

Abstract: The subject technology provides for recovering a validity table for a data storage system. A set of logical addresses in a mapping table is partitioned into subsets of logical addresses. Each of the subsets of logical addresses is assigned to respective processor cores in the data storage system. Each of the processor cores is configured to check each logical address of the assigned subset of logical addresses in the mapping table for a valid physical address mapped to the logical address, for each valid physical address mapped to a logical address of the assigned subset of logical addresses, increment a validity count in a local validity table associated with a blockset of the non-volatile memory corresponding to the valid physical address, and update validity counts in a global validity table associated with respective blocksets of the non-volatile memory with the validity counts in the local validity table.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes: a hardware processor that sequentially guides a worker to a plurality of work stages and determines completion of each of the plurality of work stages with a completion-determination method; at least one sensor capable of detecting a final state of at least one work stage of the plurality of work stages; and a voice inputter capable of receiving a voice input from the worker, wherein the plurality of work stages is classified into a first type of stage and a second type of stage in advance, and the hardware processor: determines, in a case where a current work stage in the plurality of work stages belongs to the first type of stage, completion of the current work stage; and determines, in a case where the current work stage belongs to the second type of stage, the completion of the current work stage.

Abstract: A print control apparatus receives a print job from an external apparatus. In a case where attribute information for performing processing for each set, the set being composed of one or more pages included in a print job, is included in the received print job, the print control apparatus extracts print data, which is to be used for outputting of one set of printed product, from the received print job based on the attribute information. Moreover, the print control apparatus stores, in a storage area, data including the extracted print data to be used for outputting of one set of printed product and a number of copies derived based on at least the attribute information.

Abstract: A print management apparatus performs an operation for a print processing in response to an instruction from a relay apparatus.

Abstract: A terminal device includes an operation part, a touching part, a communication module, and a retrieval module. The retrieval module is configured to retrieve an object displayed on a first apparatus equipped with a touch panel from the first apparatus, in response to the operation part being operated while the object is selected by the touching part.

Abstract: An image forming system includes a user terminal, a plurality of image forming apparatuses, and a document management server. The document management server: randomly determines the image forming apparatus as the spool destination of the print job and notifies the user terminal of the image forming apparatus when the document management server receives the print job information from the user terminal for the first time; and notifies the user terminal of the previously used image forming apparatus as the spool destination of the print job when the document management server receives the print job information from the user terminal at or after the second time. The image forming apparatus that has accepted a login request from a user confirms the spool destination of the print job determined by the document management server, reads the print job from the spool destination, and executes a printing process.

Abstract: According to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a combination of specification information of a communication apparatus and predetermined information indicating a search method used for obtainment of the specification information is displayed by a display method in accordance with a selection by a user from among a plurality of display methods.

Abstract: A toner container installable in an image forming device having a controller according to one example embodiment includes a housing having a reservoir for storing toner. A chip is positioned on the housing and configured to, after sending a first busy response to the controller of the image forming device, receive a second write command from the controller of the image forming device that is abbreviated relative to a first write command received from the controller of the image forming device and that requests the chip to send a response to the first write command. The chip is further configured to send a response to the first write command to the controller of the image forming device if upon receiving a read command corresponding to the second write command the chip has completed processing the first write command.

Abstract: An information processing device has at least one proximity communication device. The information processing device is an apparatus in which information in a storage area in the at least one proximity communication device is capable of being provided for an external apparatus. The information in the storage area is rewritten in accordance with transition of an apparatus state of the information processing device.

Abstract: A message providing device includes: a reception unit that receives, for each user, a request for a registration of an association between (i) a software robot program operating on a message service for an exchange of messages among users and exchanging messages with the user and (ii) an external device; and a registration unit that provides a single user with plural software robot programs in each of which operation setting information of the software robot program is preset, and registers an external device in each of the plural software robot programs in association with each other according to the request from the user.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus to communicate with an information processing apparatus includes a reception unit and a transmission unit. The reception unit receives information for identifying a print service included in the information processing apparatus. The transmission unit transmits, to the information processing apparatus, a prohibition condition. The prohibition condition represents a condition relating to a print setting that cannot be set depending on capabilities of a printing apparatus and of the print setting. The prohibition condition is for a print service corresponding to the information received by the reception unit.

Abstract: A method of controlling a communication device includes acquiring attribute information indicating a reference method of post-processing from the printing device. The method is supported by a printing device. A print job is transmitted including: (1) attribute information indicating a type of the post-processing and a position where the post-processing is to be executed; and (2) attribute information indicating a reference method of the post-processing added to the print job, determined based on at least the received reference method of the post-processing, to the printing device when printing using the printing device is to be carried out and performance of the post-processing on a printed matter is set up.

Abstract: A printing apparatus is provided to prevent, when an error has occurred while a print job is being executed, information leakage without significantly reducing usability. A printing apparatus capable of storing a plurality of print jobs identifies, when the error has occurred while the print job is being executed, another print job which is printable, among the stored other print jobs. The printing apparatus cancels the print job, which is being executed when the error has occurred and the identified print job, based on a predetermined time which has elapsed in a state where an error is occurring.

Abstract: An image processing system includes a server and an image processing apparatus. The server is configured to transmit, over a network, print data including a first identification of the print data. The image processing apparatus is configured to receive the print data, obtain the first identification of the print data from the print data, and generate code symbol data indicating the first identification of the print data and a second identification of the image processing apparatus. The image processing apparatus is further configured to print, on a sheet, an image corresponding to the print data together with a code symbol corresponding to the code symbol data.

Abstract: An image forming system includes an acquisition unit that acquires setting information indicating an execution condition which is set to execute printing from printing instruction information for giving an instruction for execution of the printing, a first designation unit that designates an execution condition which is different from the execution condition related to the setting information acquired from the printing instruction information as an exception for plural specific page images included in the printing instruction information, and a second designation unit that repeatedly designates the exception designated by the first designation unit every number of pages of the plural specific page images for plural page images other than the plural specific page images.

Abstract: The waveform display device of the present invention is provided with a waveform pattern storage unit configured to store, in an associated manner, a control command and a waveform pattern of time-series data measured when the manufacturing machine is controlled by the control command, a waveform analysis unit configured to extract a characteristic waveform from the time-series data and identify the control command corresponding to the characteristic waveform with reference to the waveform pattern storage unit, a correspondence analysis unit configured to identify the correspondence between the characteristic waveform and a command included in the control program, based on the control program and the control command corresponding to the characteristic waveform, and a display unit configured to perform display such that the correspondence between the characteristic waveform and the command included in the control program is ascertainable.