Abstract: Track based play systems are described which comprise a set of physical play pieces and an associated computer game. In an embodiment, a user may arrange some or all of the play pieces in the set to form a path. The computer game is arranged to infer a virtual model of the path defined by the user-created arrangement of the play pieces. The inference may be based on data communicated by one or more the play pieces to the game or based on data from a local sensing device such as a camera which views the relative positions of the play pieces. Having inferred the path, the game constrains a virtual or physical object to the path within the game play and renders a graphical user interface showing at least a portion of the path.

Abstract: A game device includes a processor including hardware, the processor being configured to implement: an input process that acquires line-of-sight information about a player who wears a head-mounted display, and input information that has been input by the player using an input device; a game process that performs a first game process based on the input information, and performs a second game process based on the line-of-sight information, when a game includes a first game and a second game, the first game process being a process for the player to play the first game, and the second game process being a process for the player to play the second game; and a game result calculation process that calculates a game result achieved by the player based on a result of the first game process and a result of the second game process.

Abstract: A game machine includes a game operation acceptance device configured to accept one or more game operations. The game machine also includes a skill evaluating device configured to determine whether or not the one or more game operations that are accepted satisfy one or more predefined skill conditions. The game machine also includes a game value consuming device configured to consume a game value in case that the skill evaluating device determined that the one or more game operations that are accepted satisfy one or more predefined skill conditions.

Abstract: A game machine includes a game operation acceptance device configured to accept one or more game operations by a player. The game machine also includes a skill evaluating device configured to determine whether or not the one or more game operations that are accepted by the game operation acceptance device satisfy one or more predefined skill conditions. The game machine also includes a game value consuming device configured to consume a game value in case that the skill evaluating device determined that the one or more game operations by the player which are accepted by the game operation acceptance device satisfy the one or more predefined skill conditions.

Abstract: Provided herein is an angling event detecting and reporting apparatus to identify and report angling events, the apparatus comprising an angling event sensor adapted to be located in the reel of a fishing rod and generating data indicative of a parameter of the rod or reel when the rod or reel is in use. Additionally, there may be at least one processor in communication with the angling event sensor programmed to identify an angling event based on the data indicative of a parameter of the rod or reel.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to enable a player playing a game to readily view an image that may serve as a reference for the game. A server 1 carries out communications with a terminal 2-2 that generates metadata when needed during the execution of a game, the metadata including one or more kinds of attribute information. A management unit 11 manages one or more sets of data, the sets of data each including: image data related to the game or location data of the image data, and the metadata. A correlation calculating unit 21 calculates a correlation between metadata generated by the terminal 2-2 at a certain timing and the metadata included in each of the one or more managed sets. An image-sending control unit 22 sends, to the terminal 2-2, the image data or location data included in the same set as metadata whose correlation satisfies a predetermined criterion.

Abstract: An adaptive video game system and method includes a game server linked to various game clients. A game client executes a user-selected game program, each of one or more selectable game programs comprising specified gameplay objects programmed to interact with dynamic text objects, and further obtains text strings (e.g., constituent letters, words, and phrases) associated with user-defined text sources. The game client dynamically applies text objects generated via a first set of rules associated at least with the selected game program and based on the obtained text strings, to interact with the specified gameplay objects via a second set of rules associated at least with the selected game program. Video game users accordingly may solve presented challenges according with both internally defined video game rules and integrated text strings of externally obtained written works. User performance may be monitored and analyzed for determination of written work retention, user improvement, etc.

Abstract: Methods for improving simulation of a sporting event by using real-world data are provided. In one aspect, a method includes receiving player positional data and ball positional data. The player positional data includes an identification of a player, orientation of the player on a field, position of the player on the field, and a time the player positional data was captured. The ball positional data includes a location of the ball on the field, and a time the ball positional data was captured. A simulated player and a simulated ball are positioned on a simulated field corresponding to the field, based on the received data. The simulation is run and accordingly modified based on user input. Systems and machine-readable media are also provided.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for storing user data are provided. In some embodiments, the method includes receiving a login request; generating an interactive data identification and a first game data identification based on a designated user identification and a first game scene identification included in the login request, the interactive data identification is configured to indicate interactive user data, and the first game data identification is configured to indicate first game user data corresponding to the first game scene; generating the interactive user data based on an interactive operation executed by the terminal and storing the interactive data identification and the interactive user data correspondingly; and generating the first game user data based on a game operation executed by the terminal in the first game scene and storing the first game data identification and the first game user data correspondingly.

Abstract: An arbitration system is configured to receive, as a set of results data, separate instances of results data from corresponding client computing devices being used to participate in a multiplayer game session. In some examples, an instance of results data comprises input representing an indication or a selection of an identity associated with an outcome of the multiplayer game session. For instance, the input can indicate a participant identity that won the multiplayer game session. In some examples, an instance of results data comprises game data describing the overall activity in a multiplayer game session from a perspective of a player's client computing device, the game data indicating a particular participant identity as a winner of the multiplayer game session. The arbitration system is configured to use the set of results data to determine an arbitrated outcome for the multiplayer game session.

Abstract: A computer device has a touch screen which displays game elements. A user is able to move game elements to make a match. When a match is made, the game elements of the match are removed. Each game element is associated with a tile. Each tile either has a cover object or no cover object. Underlying entities are provided which occupy at least two tiles. The device has a processor which is configured to determine on detecting the match game condition if at least one tile of the game elements in the match game condition has a cover object and if so to remove the cover object and subsequently to determine if the underlying entities are only associated with tiles having cover tiles. If not, the underlying entity is repositioned if partially uncovered or removed if completely uncovered.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a game control program, a game control method, and a game control device with which the operability regarding movement instructions for a game character can be improved. A game control device 1 includes a touchscreen 10; a first determination unit 32 that determines, as a first touch operation, an operation in which contact with the touchscreen 10 is maintained and in which the contact position is moved continuously; a trajectory generating unit 33 that generates an anticipated movement trajectory of a character in the game in accordance with the direction and movement amount of the first touch operation; a second determination unit 35 that determines, as a second touch operation, new contact with the touchscreen 10 while the contact in the first touch operation is being continued; and a trajectory changing unit 36 that changes the anticipated movement trajectory in accordance with the kind, contact position, or movement amount of the second touch operation.

Abstract: The field of the invention relates to multi-user online gaming systems, and more particularly to systems and methods that enable a spectator's experience for online active games. In an embodiment, an online multiuser game system includes an online game session server system communicatively coupled to a public network for access by a plurality of users to establish a plurality of real-time interactive games sessions. The online multiuser game system further includes a spectator server communicatively coupled to the online game session server system and configured to enable a user to view summary information of an active game session. In another embodiment, the spectator server enables the user to time shift the active game session and to view the summary information of the active game session. In another embodiment, the spectator server enables the user to view the summary information of the active game session while the user is playing the active game session.

Abstract: A child's swing seat has a bottom support and a back support integral with the bottom support. A cover removably connected to the back support is provided. A child restraint is provided, which is fixed in some embodiments and moveable about a hinge in others. In other embodiments, the cover is fixed and integral with the back support. The cover may be dome-shaped or substantially flat. A drain hole is provided in the seat bottom to dispose of rainwater.

Abstract: A zip track system that is integrally connected to a challenge course so that a user can traverse one portion of the challenge course, and then can slide down the zip track system via a zip track to any other desired location.

Abstract: The present discloses a toy duck comprising a main body shaped as a duck; a nozzle disposed on the main body for spraying water in case the main body is pressed externally; a hole at the bottom of the main body for receiving a piston assembly; and a piston assembly disposed in the hole for sealing the main body so as to prevent water from leaking from the main body, and allowing complete drainage of water in the toy duck when the toy duck is disposed on a horizontal panel to keep the duck toy clean and hygienic. The internal cavity of the main body will not contain water any more due to the piston assembly, and can be kept clean and hygienic, which is not suitable for generation and growth of bacteria therein. The new toy duck will not cause harm to health of the children.

Abstract: A model airplane engine starting stick is provided with a blade edge engaging roller having a roller surface of a material which will grip the blade edge of the propeller when against the blade edge of the propeller to cause the roller to roll along the blade edge without sliding over and damaging the blade edge as the starting stick is moved with respect to the blade edge to rotate the propeller. The starting stick of the invention includes a handle by which the starting stick can be held and manipulated by a user and a roller attached to the handle to freely rotate or roll with respect to the handle.

Abstract: A fusible toy bead creating apparatus includes: a table including a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface and a receiver. The table has a plurality of penetration holes penetrating from the first surface to the second surface to allow fusible toy beads to be placed on the first surface. The receiver includes a receiving surface arranged to face the first surface of the table and configured to receive the fusible toy beads.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a chain block toy assembled by interconnecting multiple assembly blocks in a fitting manner by using a female coupling part and a male coupling part. In particular, in each of the assembly blocks provided with a plurality of female coupling parts defined by a partition, an open groove is formed in the partition for forming the plurality of female coupling parts such that, when coupling or decoupling a male coupling part or rotating same in a coupled state, vertical supports of the female coupling parts are rolled to the left and right sides, thereby facilitating the coupling and decoupling, while preventing abrasion by minimizing friction.

Abstract: A toy construction element includes a first face recessed from a second face by a recess height, a first peg extending from the second face, and an engaging member disposed on the first face. The first peg has a first peg height relative to the second face. The engaging member may include a column portion and a peg portion, wherein the column portion extends from a first end portion at the first face to a second end portion at which the peg portion is disposed. The column portion may have a column height substantially equal to the recess height, and the peg portion may have a peg portion height substantially equal to the first peg height. A toy construction element may be part of a toy construction assembly, in which an engaging member of the toy construction element connects to a hole defined by a flexible member.

Abstract: Provided is an audio-lighting control system, including a first device and a second device. The first device includes an audio module, which generates audio data and plays music accordingly; a first processor unit is electrically connected to the audio module and generates a lighting control signal. The second device is wirelessly connected to the first device through a wireless transmission device and the second device receives the lighting control signal from the first device, while the second device displays lighting effects according to the lighting control signal. The wireless transmission device is wirelessly connected to the first device and the second device through standard 2.4 GHz wireless communication. The audio-lighting control system achieves the goals of displaying music and lighting simultaneously, and reducing the cost of setting up the system.

Abstract: A railway bogie includes one or more operative components for the operation of the railway bogie and an impact guard protecting the one or more operative components from flying debris. The impact guard is made of a high density polyethylene (HDPE). The railway bogie can be used in Jacobs bogies of multiple units operating under wintery conditions.

Abstract: A system and method to vaporize a process or feed water stream does so in a liquid pool zone of a vessel as the stream comes into contact with a heating medium that is less volatile than the process stream. To keep the pool hot, the heating medium can be recirculated through a heater of a pump-around loop or a heater can be placed in the liquid pool. As the process stream is vaporized, any solids present in the process stream come out of the process stream and move into the heating medium. These solids may be further removed from the heating medium in the pool or in the pump-around loop. The vaporized process stream can be further condensed. Any heat recovered can be used to pre-heat the process stream or used in the pump around loop's heater in case of mechanical vapor recovery.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a process for producing a solid product and a liquid product, comprising the steps of a. heating by direct steam injection a finely divided starting material, b. separating the heated starting material in the solid product and an aqueous liquid, c. heating and pressurizing the aqueous liquid, and d. reducing the pressure of the aqueous liquid thereby generating steam and the liquid product, wherein the steam generated in step d is returned to step a for injection into the finely divided starting material. The process suggests a solution for extracting the additional water appearing in the aqueous liquid due to condensed steam.

Abstract: Refrigerated solvent is fed through a cooling jacket around an essential element extraction vessel. After circulating through the cooling jacket, the solvent is re-chilled and at least some of the solvent is passed into the extraction vessel, in which essential elements dissolve into the solvent. Downstream of the extraction vessel, after adsorbent media treatment, the extracted oil and solvent mixture is filtered, in a chilled state, through one or more filtration units. A filtration unit may be a system of vertically oriented filters of decreasing pore size sealed and insulated from the atmosphere. Pressurized gas is used to force the oil and solvent through the filters. Each filter stage has a removable lid, which provides convenient access for replacing the filter cartridge without disturbing the thermally insulated sidewalls of the filter stage.

Abstract: Technologies for providing a gas inlet and gas outlet to a compartment are described. In embodiments, the technologies include a dual channel connector unit that includes an inlet passageway and an outlet passageway. In embodiments at least a portion of the outlet passageway is disposed radially around the inlet passageway. The connector unit is configured to install into a portion (e.g., wall, bottom, top, or lid) of a compartment. Systems and methods including such connector units are also described.

Abstract: An apparatus introduces a sample into a separation unit of a chromatography system with a mobile phase, including first and second mobile phase components. The apparatus includes first and second pump systems, and an injection unit. The first pump system provides the first mobile phase component, first and second portions of the first mobile phase component flowing through first and second branches, respectively. The second pump system provides the second mobile phase component, a first portion of the second mobile phase component flowing through a third branch. The injection unit receives a combined stream of the first portions of the first and second mobile phase components provided via the first and third branches, respectively, and injects the sample into the combined stream to form a sample-containing stream, which is subsequently combined with the second portion of the first mobile phase component to form a diluted sample-containing stream.

Abstract: Techniques are described for accelerating thermal equilibrium in a chromatographic column. An apparatus comprises a chromatography column, and a plurality of temperature control units in thermal contact with the chromatography column. A method of performing liquid chromatography comprises setting an inlet of a chromatography column to a first temperature using a first temperature control unit in thermal contact with said inlet, setting an outlet of the chromatography column to a second temperature using a second temperature control unit in thermal contact with the outlet, wherein the first temperature is less than the second temperature; and injecting a sample into a liquid stream that flows through the chromatography column after the inlet is set at the first temperature and the outlet is at the second temperature.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an onshore lithium-recovering device for a lithium ion adsorption and desorption process including a supply unit for supplying lithium-containing water in which lithium is dissolved, a composite unit, a washing unit, a desorbing liquid unit, an extract liquid unit, a pressure adjusting unit, a discharge unit, and a control unit. Therefore, the lithium adsorption means is moved onshore so it is possible to significantly reduce the plant installation cost and the operating cost as compared to the lithium recovery process that operates the conventional offshore plant.

Abstract: A chemical liquid tank has a container to store chemical liquid, a sensor to measure a height of a liquid surface by irradiating the chemical liquid stored in the container with an ultrasonic wave and measuring time until a reflected wave reflected from the liquid surface of the chemical liquid is received, and a gas jetting port to spray a gas toward a part of the liquid surface comprising an irradiation position of the ultrasonic wave in the container.

Abstract: A hydraulic fracturing system utilizes a multi-phase separation apparatus to separate gas entrained in hydraulic fracturing fluids during the blending process prior to introduction of hydraulic fracturing fluid into high pressure fracturing pumps by directing hydraulic fracturing fluids from a blender through a plurality of loops and thereafter, directing a portion of the separated fluid into a vortex cluster system.

Abstract: A sample catching system for cleaning a drilling fluid in a drilling operation includes a first line having a first entrance valve configured to allow the drilling fluid to flow into the first line, a first chemical sensor for measuring the amount of hydrogen sulfide of the drilling fluid in the first line, and a first sample catch valve configured to allow the drilling fluid to flow out of the first line. The system also includes a second line having a second entrance valve configured to allow the drilling fluid to flow into the second line, a sample catch pump, and a controller configured to determine the amount of hydrogen sulfide is above a predetermined threshold value, and open the second entrance valve to divert drilling fluid intake from the first line to the second line, and close the first entrance valve to stop the drilling fluid from entering the first line.

Abstract: An improved system for providing a homogenous polymer-sludge composition to dewatering equipment includes an input mechanism that is adapted to receive sludge from a first supply source, and polymer materials from a second supply source. The input mechanism functioning to perform an initial blending of the materials before discharging the same to a pump unit. The pump unit comprising a boundary layer viscous drag pump that functions to efficiently and simultaneously mix and pump the polymer/sludge material to dewatering equipment in a manner that does not shear the polymer or reduce the efficiency, as previously experienced with downstream mixing units.

Abstract: A modularized system for conditioning liquid fuel is provided that includes a mobile trailer and a liquid fuel conditioning skid disposed on and secured to the mobile trailer. The modularized system includes a pre-filter sub-skid disposed on and secured to the liquid fuel conditioning skid that includes a pre-filter configured to remove impurities from a processed liquid fuel prior to providing the processed liquid fuel to a last chance filter. The modularized system includes a last chance filter sub-skid disposed on and secured to the liquid fuel conditioning skid that includes a last chance filter configured to remove impurities from the processed liquid fuel prior to providing the processed liquid fuel to a gas turbine engine. The pre-filter sub-skid and the last chance filter sub-skid are coupled together via piping enabling flow the processed liquid fuel between the pre-filter sub-skid and the last chance filter sub-skid.

Abstract: A filtration system includes a plurality of underdrain blocks arranged in a side-by-side configuration so as to define a gap therebetween, the gap configured to receive grout. Each underdrain block includes a top wall, a bottom wall, and a plurality of side walls connecting the top wall and the bottom wall. A grout bridge is arranged in the gap between adjacent underdrain blocks so as to form a grout seal between the grout bridge and adjacent side walls of the adjacent underdrain blocks. The adjacent sidewalls each include a rib, each rib defining a slot. The grout bridge is arranged in adjacent slots of the adjacent sidewalls of the adjacent underdrain blocks. A method of arranging a filtration system and a grout bridge are also disclosed.

Abstract: Filter media suitable for various applications (e.g., hydraulic) and related components, systems, and methods associated therewith are described. The filter media may include a fiber web having a mixture of glass fibers and fibers that are fibrillated. The fibrillated fibers, for example, may be formed of lyocell.

Abstract: A filter element has a preferably multilayer structure of a pleated filter medium (3) with a plurality of individual filter pleats (5, 7). Due to an alternating sequence of filter pleats (5) with a first pleat height (h1) and filter pleats (7) with a second pleat height (h2), more effective filter surfaces are available than with filter pleats with a uniform pleat height. Upon throughflow by a fluid to be filtered, a lower surface load for the filter medium (30 and lower passage speed of the fluid are present during filtration. A static loading of the filter medium (3) during operation of the filter is then reduced. A hydraulic circuit has such a filter element (1).

Abstract: A filter element for fluid filtration, in particular for hydraulic fluid, has element components, such as pleated and multi-layer filter material (10) that extends between two end caps (26) and has a fluid-permeable supporting tube (14) forming a hollow cylinder. At least one element component of the filter element is provided at least partially with at least one luminescent material or marker such that the material or marker is excited to a characteristic, detectable wave emission when exposed to a certain exciter wave or wave spectrum.

Abstract: A filter device has a filter housing (2, 4) accommodating a filter element (16) separating an unfiltered substance chamber (26) from a filtrate chamber (20) within the filter housing (2, 4). The filter element (16) is sealed against the filter housing (2, 4) by a sealing device (36, 40). The filter element (16) is mounted inside the filter housing (2, 4) using movable bearings (32, 38).

Abstract: A fluid filtration system may include a fluid filter assembly that includes a filter element configured to filter a fluid and a sensor probe incorporated into the fluid filter assembly. The sensor probe may include a chemically reactive material sensitive to at least one property of the fluid and at least a portion of the sensor probe may be exposed to the fluid.

Abstract: A water filter having a housing having a water inlet and a water outlet on a first end, and a pair of replaceable carbon elements contained within the housing, each carbon element having a water inlet near an outside diameter and a water outlet near the center, both the water outlet and water inlet being on a first end of each carbon element and each of the carbon element inlets being in fluid communication with the housing water inlet and each of the carbon element outlets being in fluid communication with the housing water outlet.

Abstract: Disclosed is an arrangement of a filtering element for a device for purifying gas from the crankcase of an internal combustion engine, which includes: a filtering element mounted so as to rotate about an axis and having an annular filtering medium; a rotor element capable of being part of a rotating system, making it possible to turn the filtering element by way of notches formed on the outer surface of a sleeve. The flanges of the filtering element are attached to one another in an inner space defined by the medium, typically by snap-fitting, using at least one retaining member and an anchor portion engaging with one another with an anti-rotation effect. The anchoring portion is provided with inner projections forming contact surfaces, preferably angular, which are inserted into the notches of the sleeve when the rotor element is inserted into the inner space.

Abstract: A method for in-line control of the integrity of a filtering system implemented during an industrial process including the filtering of a gas through the filtering system, the filtering system including at least one filtering cartridge, the method including at least the following steps: —a measurement step (S1) which involves measuring a pressure difference ?P representative of the pressure loss caused by the filtering system (F1; F2), —a testing step (S2, S3) which involves comparing the measurement (S1) with a predefined high threshold (Sh) and a predefined low threshold (Sb), in such a way as to consider the at least one filtering cartridge to be non-compliant when the pressure difference measured in the measurement step (S1) falls outside a range located between the high threshold (Sh) and the low threshold (Sb).

Abstract: A honeycomb filter includes a pillar-shaped honeycomb substrate including a porous partition wall that defines a plurality of cells extending from an inflow end face to an outflow end face, an inflow side plugging portion disposed at the inflow end face of the honeycomb substrate to plug open ends of outflow cells; and an outflow side plugging portion disposed at the outflow end face of the honeycomb substrate to plug open ends of inflow cells other than the outflow cells. The honeycomb substrate includes the partition wall that defines two of the inflow cells by division. An average of the plugging length LOUT of the outflow side plugging portions disposed in the inflow cells of the honeycomb substrate is larger than an average of the plugging length LIN of the inflow side plugging portions disposed in the outflow cells of the honeycomb substrate.

Abstract: A method of air purification and apparatus uses thorough air-bath to trap airborne debris and gaseous molecules in the liquid. Incoming air are reduced repeatedly and thoroughly at various stages into tiny air bubbles in contact with liquid in the apparatus where airborne materials and gaseous molecules are trapped in the liquid. This cleaning system can effectively remove small or large airborne debris and gaseous molecules, in contrast to cleaning effectiveness limited by the filter pore sizes in traditional filter system. The liquid can be water, water mixed with any designed substances or other type of liquid phase of materials. In exemplary case, water is used as a part of filtration medium, the apparatus thus can be served as both air purifier and humidifier. A relatively high humidity in the air would help to trap more airborne debris, which makes the air purification apparatus more efficient.

Abstract: An exemplary single bed reversing blower adsorption based air separation unit is configured to follow the O2 load placed thereon by adjusting flow rates therethrough and power consumption. At least one and preferably multiple pressure sensors sense O2 pressure within an O2 storage region downstream of an adsorber vessel. These sensed pressures are utilized to generate control signals controlling flow rates at locations upstream of the compressor, such as at a reversible blower and an output compressor. Control loops for the blower and the compressor are independent of each other and have different time constants. Effective following of the O2 load is thus achieved without driving the air separation unit into operational conditions outside of design and also maintaining optimal power consumption for the O2 produced, such that efficiency is maintained over a large turndown ratio.

Abstract: The invention relates to a product that adsorbs VOCs (150), comprising acetoacetamide, said product being characterised in that it consists of granular activated carbon (100) coated with crystallised acetoacetamide (13) on the surface of the granules, leaving free the pores of the channels (10) of the spongy body formed by the granular activated carbon. The invention also relates to a method for producing such a product.

Abstract: Process and apparatus for producing helium, neon, or argon product gas using an adsorption separation unit having minimal dead end volumes. A second separation unit receives a stream enriched in helium, neon, or argon, and a stream is recycled from the second separation unit back to the adsorption separation unit in a controlled manner to maintain the concentration of the helium, neon, or argon in the feed to the separation unit within a targeted range.

Abstract: A dryer for a compressed gas provided with a vessel with a drying agent and a drying zone and a regeneration zone; at least one intermediate zone that, viewed in the direction of rotation of the drum, is situated between the regeneration zone and the drying zone and which is provided with a separate inlet and an outlet that is shared with or connected to the outlet of the regeneration zone; a tap-off pipe that branches off from the outlet of the drying zone and connects to the aforementioned separate inlet of the intermediate zone; one or more blowers in the tap-off pipe for effectuating an intermediate flow from the drying zone, where the dryer is configured such that the entire flow of gas to be dried supplied to the dryer is first guided through the regeneration zone.

Abstract: A method for continuously treating a regeneration gas stream used to regenerate a molecular sieve adsorption vessel is disclosed. The regeneration gas stream is cooled in a cooler to a temperature suitable to condense liquids therein. A separator removes liquids condensed in the regeneration gas stream. The regeneration gas stream is compressed in a compressor. The regeneration gas stream is flowed through the cooler, the separator, and the compressor when the compressor is operational. The regeneration gas stream is flowed through the second cooler and the second separator but not the compressor when the compressor is not operational, thereby enabling continuous treatment of the regeneration gas stream.