Abstract: A filter element comprising a filter media and an outer surface. The filter media is formed in a closed loop, the closed loop defining a hollow interior extending along a longitudinal axis between a first end of the filter media and a second end of the filter media. The outer surface surrounds a perimeter of the filter element and is defined by a substantially circular first portion and at least one second portion. The first portion is substantially circular at a selected height of the filter media, and the at least one second portion is depressed relative to a circle defined by the substantially circular first portion at the selected height.

Abstract: Systems and Apparatus for a personal ventilation system that provides a personalized column of clean air surrounding a user's space is presented. The personal ventilation system includes an air purifier with a fan and an annular gap downstream of the fan. The annular gap has an inner radius that is within 95% of the outer radius. The annular gap structure allows the air purifier to produce a column of air with an entrainment ratio lower than other commercially available fan. At a distance of 1.5 meters, the air purifier is configured to have an entrainment ratio of lower than 40%. The air purifier also has a removable filter located upstream of the fan. The ventilation system is capable of delivering highly-localized filtered air to a user or location.

Abstract: A filter cartridge arrangement is provided which includes a media pack comprising Z-filter media, a preform and a housing seal member. Improvements in the preform and seal member are described which include: a single beveled surface of the seal member to facilitate installation; and, an inside region of the seal member having a tip adjacent in inwardly directed lip of the preform, to control flash during molding. A variety of media pack configurations and features are described.

Abstract: A device for cleaning air laden with CO2 present in an enclosed space, including at least one adsorption device for adsorbing CO2 from the air supplied to the adsorption device, a desorption device associated with the adsorption device for desorbing adsorbed CO2, and a removal device for removing the desorbed CO2.

Abstract: An environmental control system includes an air conditioning subsystem; a mix manifold downstream of the air conditioning subsystem and upstream of an environment to be conditioned; and a contaminant removal subsystem downstream of the environment to be conditioned. The contaminant removal subsystem includes a first gas-liquid contactor-separator. The first gas-liquid contactor-separator includes a first packed, stationary bed that provides a heat/mass transfer surface for contact between a contaminated air from the environment and a liquid absorbent.

Abstract: Methods and systems to achieve clean fuel processing systems in which carbon dioxide emissions (1) from sources (2) may be processed in at least one processing reactor (4) containing a plurality of chemoautotrophic bacteria (5) which can convert the carbon dioxide emissions into biomass (6) which may then be used for various products (21) such as biofuels, fertilizer, feedstock, or the like. Sulfate reducing bacteria (13) may be used to supply sulfur containing compounds to the chemoautotrophic bacteria (5).

Abstract: A flue ozone distributor applied in a low-temperature oxidation denitrification technology and an arrangement manner thereof is disclosed. The flue ozone distributor comprises a distribution main pipe, multiple distribution branch pipes, Venturi distributors and delta wings. The distribution branch pipes are led out from the distribution main pipe as parallel branches. The Venturi distributors are arranged with an equal space on the distribution branch pipes. The delta wings are arranged on one diffusion segment side of the Venturi distributors. The flue ozone distributor is arranged in the flue. The technology is used in the field of denitrification for flue gas of an industrial boiler/kiln by a low-temperature ozone oxidation method. The ozone-injecting direction is consistent with a flow direction of the flue gas. A soot deposit congestion problem does not exist. A turbulent flow behavior of the flue gas and ozone is strengthened. The oxidation efficiency is improved.

Abstract: A heat-pipe membrane module belongs to a heat recycle device. The heat-pipe membrane module is composed of a membrane module and heat pipes. The whole heat pipe is placed in the membrane module where there is heat can be recycled; or one end of heat pipe is placed in the membrane module where there is heat can be recycled and the other end of heat pipe is outside the membrane module. Here, the heat pipe comprises a metal tube, wick and the working fluid, wherein, both ends of the metal tube have covers; the wick is evenly distributed in the inner surface of metal tube, which has a capillary effect; the working fluid fills the wick. The heat-pipe membrane module mentioned above is simple, cheap, and heat efficiency.

Abstract: An electrochemical cell according to the present disclosure includes a casing provided with an inflow port and an outflow port, a bipolar membrane laminated body in which two or more bipolar membranes are laminated so as to be opposed, electrodes disposed so as to sandwich the bipolar membrane laminated body, and a first diffusion member disposed between the inflow port and the bipolar membrane laminated body, and provided with through holes communicating between the inflow port and the bipolar membrane laminated body. The first diffusion member is formed such that each of the through holes provided in a peripheral edge portion has a larger opening area than an opening area of the through holes provided in a central portion. This can uniformize a flow of water, so that water treatment can be efficiently executed.

Abstract: A hollow fiber membrane sheet-like object in which a plurality of hollow fiber membranes is aligned in parallel with each other and fixed to each other while both end faces of each of the hollow fiber membranes in a longitudinal direction are open, wherein at least one belt-like binding portion made of an elastic body having an elongation percentage (E) stipulated by JIS K6251 of 100% or more and extending in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is formed at each of both end portions of the hollow fiber membrane sheet-like object, and the plurality of hollow fiber membranes is fixed to each other.

Abstract: A method of cleaning a membrane surface immersed in a liquid medium with a fluid flow, including the steps of providing a randomly generated intermittent or pulsed fluid flow along the membrane surface to dislodge fouling materials therefrom. A membrane module is also disclosed comprising a plurality of porous membranes (6) or a set of membrane modules (5) and a device (11) for providing a generally randomly generated, pulsed fluid flow such that, in use, said fluid flow moves past the surfaces of said membranes (6) to dislodge fouling materials therefrom.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for semi-permeable membrane cleaning in particular, applying series of pulsed water stroke, made simultaneously with osmosis backward flow causing superposed membrane directional shaking and fouling detachment. Pulsed water stroke provided by water stroke generator as several momentum sharp changes in gauge pressure and induce velocity pulse of residual brine flow. The pulsed water strokes ideally induce resonance in the membrane.

Abstract: A detonator positioning device for use with a wireless detonator in a perforating gun assembly includes a single mechanism for physical electrical connection, while the remaining electrical connections are made via electrically contactable components.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition for a CO2 gas separation membrane containing: at least one compound selected from the group consisting of an alkali metal carbonate, an alkali metal bicarbonate, and an alkali metal hydroxide; a crosslinked polymer in which a polymer having a carboxyl group has been crosslinked; and a non-crosslinked polymer obtained by polymerization of one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl acetate, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and a derivative thereof.

Abstract: A process is provided to separate a hydrocarbon stream comprising a mixture of light olefins and light paraffins, the process comprising sending the hydrocarbon stream through a pretreatment unit to remove impurities selected from the group consisting of sulfur compounds, arsine, phosphine, methyl acetylene, propadiene, and acetylene to produce a treated hydrocarbon stream; vaporizing the treated hydrocarbon stream to produce a gaseous treated hydrocarbon stream; adding liquid or vapor water to the gaseous treated hydrocarbon stream; then contacting the gaseous treated hydrocarbon stream to a membrane in a membrane system comprising one or more membrane units to produce a permeate stream comprising about 96 to 99.9 wt % light olefins and a retentate stream comprising light paraffins.

Abstract: A polyolefin microporous membrane is disclosed. The polyolefin microporous membrane includes a polyolefin resin, where the polyolefin resin contains at least 80 mass % polypropylene resin, and where the polyolefin microporous membrane has a maximum pore size of less than 30.0 nm and a mean flow pore size of less than 20.0 nm.

Abstract: A gas separation membrane has a gas separation layer containing a cellulose resin, and an organopolysiloxane compound layer disposed on the gas separation layer in which Si ratio of the organopolysiloxane compound layer after immersion in chloroform to the organopolysiloxane compound layer before immersion in chloroform, the Si ratio being calculated by Mathematical expression (I), is 0.6 to 1.0.

Abstract: Disclosed are a composite membrane and a method of manufacturing the same. More particularly, disclosed are a composite membrane, which includes a porous support and an active layer deposited on a surface of the porous support, and a method of manufacturing the composite membrane using concentration polarization of a network-nanoparticle-dispersed organic sol-containing solution on a surface of the porous support.

Abstract: Embodiments of the subject invention are directed to methods and apparatus for inducing mixing in a fluid using one or more plasma actuators. In an embodiment, a pair of electrodes is positioned near a fluid and a voltage potential is applied across the pair of electrodes such that a plasma discharge is produced in the fluid. In an embodiment, the plasma discharge creates turbulence in the fluid thereby mixing the fluid. In an embodiment, flow structures, such as vortices are generated in the fluid. In an embodiment, the fluid is mixed in three dimensions. In an embodiment, a plurality of fluids are mixed. In an embodiment, solids are dispersed in at least one fluid. In an embodiment, heat or other properties are dispersed within at least one fluid. In an embodiment, at least one of the pair of electrodes has a serpentine shape.

Abstract: A fountain has: a water source; a housing; a vortex chamber defined within the housing, the vortex chamber connected to receive water from the water source; a bubble chamber defined within the housing and connected to receive water from the vortex chamber and cause air bubbles to percolate within the bubble chamber; and a water outlet defined in the bubble chamber. A fountain has: a water source; a housing; a vortex chamber defined within the housing, the vortex chamber connected to receive water from the water source; a second chamber defined within the housing and connected to receive water from the vortex chamber; and a plurality of water outlets defined in the second chamber.

Abstract: A container for self-gassing liquids, the container comprising a receptacle and an insert arranged to seat within a neck of the receptacle, the insert being further arranged to engage and seal directly or indirectly with a connector extending across the neck of the receptacle. The insert defines a void defined by a base portion of the insert and a peripheral side wall of the insert extending within the neck of the receptacle, the insert comprising a hole in the base portion. The container further comprises a dip tube extending from a lower surface of the base portion to, or towards, the bottom of the receptacle. The dip tube defines a passageway through the base portion, or is connected and sealed to the lower side of a passageway through the insert, the passageway terminating in said void such that the hole and the passageway are in fluid communication with each other through the void.

Abstract: A flow-through cavitation device having an elongated housing with an inlet and an outlet. One or more variable multi-jet nozzles are disposed throughout the elongated housing with a working chamber following each variable multi-jet nozzle. Each variable multi-jet nozzle consists of a movable disk fixedly mounted on a central shaft and a stationary disk fixedly mounted on the housing and in contact with the rotating disk. The movable and stationary disks of each variable multi-jet nozzle have through channels. The flow cross-sectional area of the through channels is variable by rotating the movable disk relative to the stationary disk.

Abstract: Provided is a mixing apparatus. The mixing apparatus comprises a housing defining a primary chamber, an inlet for receiving material into the mixing apparatus, as well as an outlet for discharging material from the mixing apparatus. The housing provides within the primary chamber a plurality of rotating shafts, each rotating shaft having a plurality of flailing fixtures associated therewith.

Abstract: A method and a device for producing honeycomb particles capable of absorbing harmful molecular elements are disclosed. A chemical element having a crystal structure is dissolved in water in a certain percentage to form a chemical element solution, and then it is pressurized. The pressurized chemical element solution is sprayed out in mist form toward a forming mirror by a high-pressure nozzle of a spray tube. When the chemical element solution in mist form contacts the heated forming mirror, the moisture quickly bursts and evaporates to form fine particles. The dried fine particles of the chemical element are made to fall by the high frequency vibration and are collected. Accordingly, the chemical element having a crystal structure is formed into fine particles having many air holes, increasing the area for chemical reaction and further increasing the efficiency of absorption of harmful elements such as various toxic elements or bacteria.

Abstract: Methods for simultaneously determining the concentrations of transition metal compounds in solutions containing two or more transition metal compounds are described. Polymerization reactor systems providing real-time monitoring and control of the concentrations of the transition metal components of a multicomponent catalyst system are disclosed, as well as methods for operating such polymerization reactor systems.

Abstract: A continuous process for producing a material of a battery cell using a system having a mist generator, a drying chamber, one or more gas-solid separators and a reactor is provided. A mist generated from a liquid mixture of two or more metal precursor compounds in desired ratio is dried inside the drying chamber. Heated air or gas is served as the gas source for forming various gas-solid mixtures and as the energy source for reactions inside the drying chamber and the reactor. One or more gas-solid separators are used in the system to separate gas-solid mixtures from the drying chamber into solid particles mixed with the metal precursor compounds and continuously deliver the solid particles into the reactor for further reaction to obtain final solid material particles with desired crystal structure, particle size, and morphology.

Abstract: Device for distributing a light fluid phase (2) in a heavy phase (4) in the fluidized state in a reaction chamber (5), comprising: a pipe (1) for transporting the light fluid phase; first and second windows (7, 8) created in the pipe, the second windows opening into the reaction chamber; and branches (6) extending each first window and splitting into: a central passage opening into the reaction chamber via an intermediate window (9) created in the upper wall of the branch (6); and at least two distinct lateral branches forming two lateral passages (10) opening into the reaction chamber via end-of-branch windows (11).

Abstract: According to one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a fluid catalytic reactor may be scaled-up by a method that includes one or more of constructing, operating, observing, or obtaining data related to a template fluid catalytic reactor comprising a template riser, a template lower reactor portion, and a template transition portion connecting the template riser and the template lower reactor portion. The method may further include one or more of constructing or operating a scaled-up fluid catalytic reactor based on the template fluid catalytic reactor.

Abstract: In various embodiments, a microreactor features a corrosion-resistant microchannel network encased within a thermally conductive matrix material that may define therewithin one or more hollow heat-exchange conduits.

Abstract: One of the chief purposes of researchers in the field of chemistry is to perform chemical reactions at high rates; a method that can be adopted to achieve such goal is to perform reactions in magnetized solvents. Being passed through the Solvents Magnetizing Apparatus (SMA) magnetizes the solvent, and the magnetic property remains intact for a few days, while most chemical reactions are done in less than one day. It should be taken into consideration that the magnetized solvent is different from the Zeeman effect in chemistry. This technology is widely used in performing chemical processes of most chemical reactions.

Abstract: Process and respective reactor for urea or melamine synthesis, comprising sonication treatment of at least part of a reaction liquid mass or two-phase mixture contained inside said reactor.

Abstract: Multi-functional materials for use in reversible, high-capacity hydrogen separation and/or storage are described. Also described are systems incorporating the materials. The multi-functional materials combine a hydrogen absorbing material with a high-efficiency and anon-contact energy absorbing material in a composite nanoparticle. The non-contact energy absorbing material include magnetic and/or plasmonic materials. The magnetic or plasmonic materials of the composite nanoparticles can provide localized heating to promote release of hydrogen from the hydrogen storage component of the composite nanoparticles.

Abstract: A nanoclay based solid sorbent is provided having a nanoclay with at least one surface, and at least one amine containing compound wherein the amine containing compound is attached to the surface, as well as a method of making it. A method of capturing carbon dioxide gas is disclosed includes passing a gas from an effluent process stream containing carbon dioxide through the nanoclay based solid sorbent and capturing the carbon dioxide gas on the surface and within the nanoclay based solid sorbent. The nanoclay based solid sorbent having the captured carbon dioxide gas is regenerated by undergoing one or more cycles of desorption of the captured carbon dioxide gas from the nanoclay. The regenerated nanoclay based solid sorbent may then be reused.

Abstract: To provide a photocatalyst material having alkaline resistance and showing less deterioration in photocatalyst performance due to a poisoning effect and to provide a method for producing the photocatalyst material, a photocatalyst material (1A) according to one embodiment of the present invention includes: core particles (2) containing tungsten oxide; a promoter (4) formed on the surface of the core particles (2); and a shell layer (3) made of titanium oxide and covering the entire surface of both the core particles (2) and the promoter (4).

Abstract: A photocatalyst, represented by the following general formula (1): X(VO4)6(OH)2??General Formula (1) wherein X represents Za1Tib1 or Za2Tib2Agc2 (where Z is Ca or Sr; a1 is 7.0 to 9.5; b1 is 0.5 to 3.0; a2 is 7.0 to 9.5; b2 is 0.4 to 1.5; c2 is 0.1 to 2.0; a1+b1 is 9.0 to 10.0; and a2+b2+c2 is 9.0 to 10.0) in the general formula (1).

Abstract: A metal oxide catalyst involved in a hydrogenation reaction in which a ketone is converted into an alcohol, a method of preparing the metal oxide catalyst, and a method of preparing an alcohol using the same are provided. The metal oxide catalyst has a spinel structure represented by the following Formula 1: XAl2O4,??<Formula 1> wherein X represents nickel or copper.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a honeycomb structure having promoter particles and a binder phase interposed between the promoter particles, and a method for manufacturing the same. The promoter particles contain at least first promoter particles made of a ceria-zirconia solid solution. The binder phase, in each of which a number of inorganic binder particles are aggregated with each other, with ?-alumina being a main component, contain one or two of Fe and Cr dissolved in ?-alumina. The honeycomb structure has a specific surface area at a ratio of 90% or more of after heating to before heating at a temperature of 1200° C.

Abstract: The current invention provides a hydrotreating catalyst comprising of metals of at least one each from Group VIB, preferably molybdenum and Group VIII, preferably nickel, of the periodic table supported on alumina modified with small amounts of modifying elements well dispersed on the surface so as to retain the physico-chemical characteristics of the support and result in high performance for hydrodesulphurization catalyst, and a commercially viable process for producing such a catalyst. The present invention also discloses a commercially viable method for modifying alumina in the powder form without affecting the porous structure of the support obtained.

Abstract: An improved process for the hydroconversion of micro carbon residue content of heavy hydrocarbon feedstocks by the use of a catalyst composition that is especially useful in the conversion of micro carbon residue of such feedstocks. The catalyst composition is a low surface area composition that further has a specifically define pore structure the combination of which provides for its enhance micro carbon residue conversion property.

Abstract: A microspherical fluid catalytic cracking catalyst includes zeolite, and alkali metal alkaline earth metal ion.

Abstract: This invention is based on the discovery that homogeneous catalysts, [Rh(C2H4)2Cl]2 and/or [Rh(COD)2][BF4], can be used to produce spinetoram in higher yields at lower catalyst loadings as compared to previous methodologies. In addition, one or more phosphorus ligand donors can also be added to further increase yields/efficiency. The methods and/or systems provided herein enable cost-effective ways to produce spinetoram in large quantity with relatively simple procedures.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for an improved catalyst stripping process. The stripping vessel is divided into two zones. The first zone is a stripping zone where a substantial portion of the volatile hydrocarbons is removed at higher severity conditions. After the catalyst is stripped, the stripped catalyst moves to the lower cooling zone to be cooled at lower severity conditions. The flow rates, temperatures, pressures and the stripping and cooling zones are designed to ensure there is minimal volatile hydrocarbons on the catalyst by the time it leaves the stripping vessel. This design enables efficient stripping of volatile hydrocarbons at high severity conditions and eliminates these components from being stripped off elsewhere in the unit causing process and equipment issues.

Abstract: A pipette for actuating a syringe including a strip-shaped housing with first and second receptacles for inserting fastening sections. First and second releasable holding mechanism for holding the fastening sections. First and second displacing mechanisms to displace a receiving body in the housing from the receptacles. A toothed rack and a pawl are connected to an actuation rack. A cover has a coupling element and longitudinal slot and spring.

Abstract: A microfluidic device includes a block having at least one reservoir, a base layer attached to the bottom of the block and a microfluidic channel formed in the base layer or at the interface between the block and base layer. The microfluidic channel is in fluid communication with the at least one reservoir. A static pressure source is operatively coupleable to the reservoir. A flow path extends from the reservoir to the microfluidic channel. The flow path has a first portion which extends upwardly away from the base layer over a barrier and into a second portion which extends downwardly towards the base layer and leads to the microfluidic channel. The flow path is configured such that it prevents flow from the reservoir to the microfluidic channel under the influence of gravity alone when the reservoir is filled to a level below the level of the top of the barrier.

Abstract: A microfluidic probe includes a probe head with a processing surface that includes a first aperture and a second aperture. The probe further includes a liquid injection channel, which leads to the first aperture, and a liquid aspiration channel, which extends from the second aperture. The probe also includes a bypass channel, arranged so as to fluidly connect the liquid injection channel to the liquid aspiration channel, as well as a control channel. The latter fluidly connects to the bypass channel, hence forming a junction therewith, so as to define two portions of the bypass channel. These portions includes: a first portion that extends from the junction to the liquid injection channel; and a second portion that extends from that same junction to the liquid aspiration channel. The invention is further directed to methods of operation of a probe as described above, to process a surface.

Abstract: Techniques relate to forming a sorting device. A mesh is formed on top of a substrate. Metal assisted chemical etching is performed to remove substrate material of the substrate at locations of the mesh. Pillars are formed in the substrate by removal of the substrate material. The mesh is removed to leave the pillars in a nanopillar array. The pillars in the nanopillar array are designed with a spacing to sort particles of different sizes such that the particles at or above a predetermined dimension are sorted in a first direction and the particles below the predetermined dimension are sorted in a second direction.

Abstract: A freely-assembled ELISA plate is provided, including a first ELISA plate frame, a second ELISA plate frame, and ELISA plate strips located between the first ELISA plate frame and the second ELISA plate frame, collectively forming a liquid flow groove. The first ELISA plate frame is connected to a first side of the ELISA plate strips. A second side of the ELISA strips is connected to the second ELISA plate frame. The number of the ELISA plate strips in the ELISA plate can be determined according to the sample size, so that the waste of well resources of the ELISA plate can be effectively reduced; and, a desired amount of samples, washing buffer or the like can be added into the liquid flow groove once for all, so that the sample loading amount can be reduced and the detection speed can be quickened.

Abstract: Improved free-swinging hammermill hammer configurations are disclosed and described for comminution of materials such as grain and refuse. The hammer configurations of the present disclosure are adaptable to most hammer mill or grinders having free-swinging systems. The configurations as disclosed and claimed are non-forged and incorporate a saddle or hammer mouth. The merging of a hammer and saddle improves strength to reduce or maintain the weight of the hammer while increasing the amount of force delivered to the material to be comminuted. The improved configurations incorporate comminution edges having increased hardness for longer operational run times. The improved configurations improve installing, removing, and cleaning hammer components within the hammermill. The improved configurations may incorporate hammermill rod hole of varying shapes and sizes and saddles of varying shapes and sizes or the use of non-planar hammer bodies that have a recessed or protruding surface.

Abstract: A wood chipper comprising a chamber in which wood is chipped, a discharge of chipped wood from the chamber, and a pair of rollers at least one of which is driven. The rollers are positioned for feeding of wood between the rollers and into the chamber. One of the rollers is a smooth roller, and an other of the rollers is driven and has cutting elements thereon. The at least one roller is driven by a hydrostatic pump. A plurality of legs are height adjustable for supporting the wood chipper and for positioning a power receiving means at different heights for aligning with connection to a tractor power take-off.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses can be configured to facilitate sorting of paper from garbage and/or single stream recycling and subsequently process that separated paper to remove the contaminants from the paper so that the paper is in an acceptable condition for recycling. In some embodiments, the apparatus and method may utilize at least one dryer device that is configured to heat the paper without combusting the paper to remove water from the paper. The dryer device can also be configured to mix the paper as it is dried while also removing particulate contaminants off of the paper to clean the thrown away paper sufficiently so that the paper is in a condition that is acceptable for recycling into a paper product (e.g. a cardboard box, paper plate, sheets of paper, etc.).