Abstract: When having determined that an operation of a brake operator is initiated at a first timing and the operation amount continues to increase until a second specific timing arrives to become constant at a second timing, vehicle control means which a vehicle control apparatus comprises executes braking force control in such a manner that a time-differential value of controlled braking force during a first period from the second timing to a first terminal timing matches with a time-differential value of controlled braking force at the second specific timing as well as executes driving force control in such a manner that a time-differential value of the controlled driving force during the first period becomes a value less than or equal to a sum of a time-differential value of the controlled driving force at the second specific timing and a time-differential value of operation braking force at the second specific timing.

Abstract: A vehicle control system includes: a recognizer that is configured to recognize one or more surrounding vehicles present in a second lane different from a first lane in which a subject vehicle is present; an identifier that is configured to derive an index value according to a cutting-in probability for a side in front of the subject vehicle for a surrounding vehicle recognized by the recognizer and is configured to identify a surrounding vehicle of which the derived index value is equal to or larger than a threshold as a cutting-in vehicle; and a running controller that is configured to decelerate the subject vehicle in accordance with presence of the cutting-in vehicle identified by the identifier and is configured to determine a degree of change in deceleration of the subject vehicle on the basis of the index value of the cutting-in vehicle that is a target when the subject vehicle is decelerated.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for adjusting noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH) limits for a vehicle based on an occupancy level of the vehicle. The occupancy level is inferred based on a number of occupants and their position within a vehicle, and further based on a degree of interaction of a primary occupant with vehicle controls. As the occupancy level decreases, NVH constraints for operating the vehicle are reduced and one or more vehicle operating parameters nay be based on the reduced NVH constraints.

Abstract: An onboard apparatus comprises a controller configured to execute acquisition of information regarding a driving environment on a route from a riding point of a passenger riding on a vehicle to an alighting point where the passenger alights; and calculation of points given to a driver who drives the vehicle along the route according to the information regarding the driving environment.

Abstract: The present invention provides an in-vehicle device that provides a driving guidance to a driver, comprising: a selection unit for selecting ideal traveling information from a plurality of pieces of ideal traveling information associated with a plurality of skill levels, respectively, in accordance with an estimation result of a feeling of the driver; a determination unit for determining, for each of a plurality of items to provide a driving guidance, whether a difference between traveling information detected by a sensor of a vehicle during traveling and the ideal traveling information selected by the selection unit falls within an allowable range; and a notification unit for notifying the driver of an item for which the determination unit determines that the difference does not fall within the allowable range in the plurality of items.

Abstract: A traveling work vehicle includes: a vehicle speed control portion configured to control the vehicle speed; a number-of-revolutions calculation portion configured to calculate, as an actual number of revolutions, a number of revolutions of a single rotary power source per unit time; a number-of-revolutions command generation portion configured to generate a number-of-revolutions command using a requested number of revolutions; a requested vehicle speed input portion configured to input a requested vehicle speed that is based on a user operation; a requested vehicle speed calculation portion configured to calculate a computed requested vehicle speed using a deviation between the requested number of revolutions and the actual number of revolutions, and the requested vehicle speed; and a vehicle speed command generation portion configured to give the vehicle speed control portion a vehicle speed command that is generated using the computed requested vehicle speed.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to techniques to implement a vehicle action using a distributed model distributed across the vehicle and a remote node. A local portion of the distributed model at the vehicle may generate a local output model based on vehicle event data collected at the vehicle. The local output model may be sent from the vehicle at a first location to the remote node at a second location. The remote node may generate a remote output model based on the local output model using the remote portion of the distributed model. The vehicle action may be determined based on inspecting a reconstructed version of the vehicle event data included in the remote output model. The determined vehicle action may be implemented at the vehicle. The distributed model may facilitate the transmission of vehicle event data across multiple locations while securing the transmission of personally-identifiable information.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle control device which makes it possible, in a redundant configuration, to make use of a normally operating part in a failed system. A vehicle control device having a redundant configuration includes a task switching function unit configured to switch tasks to be executed when an abnormality is detected. The task switching function unit being configured to, when a diagnostic function unit determines that an abnormality has occurred in a unit of a host system, cause the unit of the failed system to stop calculation of control variable, and stop drive control for a control object, and then execute calculation other than the calculation of the control variable of the host system, and the drive control for an electric motor, so that the calculation unit of the failed system can take over at least a part of calculation of a normal system or another on-vehicle device.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a method of monitoring the driving state of a vehicle. The method includes acquiring driving information of a vehicle, identifying, based on the acquired driving information, whether the vehicle satisfies at least one condition in a predetermined section, identifying a verification type corresponding to the satisfied condition, and identifying a driving state of the vehicle based on the verification type. One or more of an autonomous vehicle and a crime prediction device of the present disclosure may be connected to, for example, an artificial intelligence module, an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), a robot, an augmented reality (AR) device, a virtual reality (VR) device, or a 5G service device.

Abstract: A drive system for a rail vehicle includes at least one drive motor and at least one cooling apparatus for cooling the at least one drive motor and/or other components of the drive system, in particular a current converter. The drive system is constructed and intended to use kinetic energy of the rail vehicle for operation of the cooling apparatus. A rail vehicle having the drive system and methods for the forward movement of a rail vehicle are also provided.

Abstract: A railcar system that includes a railcar with a discharge opening and a longitudinal gate positioned adjacent to the discharge opening. The system Further includes a driving system connected to the longitudinal gate that is configured to move the longitudinal gate between a closed position and an open position. The system further includes a controller connected to the driving system that causes the driving system to position the longitudinal gate in the closed position, position the longitudinal gate in the open position, and position the longitudinal gate to remain an at least partially open position. The longitudinal gate is less than fully open when the longitudinal gate is in the at least partially open position.

Abstract: The invention relates to a head module for a rail vehicle, said head module being suitable to be detachably fixed to the front face of a subsequent railcar unit without additional underframe. The head module consists of an inner and an outer shell and includes three systems which convert, in the event of a crash, the collision energy into a deformation one after the other or simultaneously and substantially independently of another.

Abstract: A device including a running roller (2) which can be rotated about a rotational axis (10), for a conveyor system, and a suspension system which supports the running roller (2) and has a fork (6) and an axle pin (7) which penetrates the running roller (2) and is supported by the fork (6). The suspension system has, furthermore, a first and a second clip part (8) which have in each case a recess (8a), into which a respective one of the end sections (7a, 7b) of the axle pin (7) protrudes The first and a second clip parts (8), for connection to the fork (6), can be pushed in each case in a push-in direction (13) which lies at a right angle with respect to the rotational axis (10) into a respective push-in track (6d) of the fork (6) and can be snapped together with the fork (6).

Abstract: An electric rail system includes a current collector mounted for movement along at least one rail of the electric rail system and a monitoring system for detecting a condition indicative of a problem with the rail system or the current collector. The monitoring system includes a detector having one or more of: a camera configured to record images of a portion of the rail system in front of or behind the current collector, at least one vibration sensor on at least one slip contact of the current collector, an optical spark sensor configured to detect sparks in a contact region between the slip contact and the at least one rail, and at least one distance sensor configured to detect a distance between the at least one distance sensor and the at least one rail.

Abstract: Method for monitoring at least one point system of a railway network comprising the steps of placing several sensors in correspondence of said at least one point system; acquiring from said sensors current and voltage signals of a point machine during a maneuver; and segmenting the signals of the maneuver according to different predetermined phases of movement. Then extracting predetermined features from each segment; comparing the extracted features with a set of predetermined values which represent a “healthy” maneuver, thus obtaining a global indicator representative of the conditions of the maneuver at the point system; and comparing said global indicator with a failure threshold, and if it exceeds said failure threshold, detecting a failure in the point system.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cooler assembly that may be used to attach accessories and/or one or more wheel assemblies to an insulated body of a cooler. The insulated body of the cooler being a container body of a container (i.e., the cooler). The cooler assembly may include any one of or a combination of the following components: the container body (i.e., the insulated body of the cooler); the one or more wheel assemblies with or without adjustable axles for mobility; accessories such as an accessory table and an accessory chair; accessory fastener devices for attaching the accessories to the cooler; and wheel assembly fastener devices for attaching the wheel assemblies to the cooler. The accessory fastener devices and the wheel assembly fastener devices are reusable and may be easily inserted and removed from the cooler or the container for mounting on a second cooler or platform.

Abstract: A rack for holding or securing bottles adaptable to a shopping cart that is useful for holding or securing and transporting bottles such as, for instance, beverage bottles is described herein. Also, a shopping cart containing such a rack is described. The rack is substantially planar and features a plurality of receiving spaces, substantially circular in shape, and of varying sizes, adapted to engage or restrain the bottles in only one place or in only one plane. The rack may be adapted for fastening or locking engagement to a shopping cart and may feature any suitable fastener or locking mechanism, and it may be rigid or collapsible, or completely removable from the shopping cart.

Abstract: A ridable kart can have a body that supports a front wheel and movable rear wheels. The kart can include a motor that supports and drives the rear wheels. The motor and rear wheels are configured to tilt and rotate relative to the body of the kart. The body of the kart includes a concave space in which the front and rear wheels are positioned so that they are at least partially concealed by the body when viewed from the side of the kart.

Abstract: A moving carrier comprises a bottom frame assembly, a first support member and a link assembly. A first end portion of the first support member is connected with the bottom frame assembly. The link assembly includes a link member, a first connect member, a second connect member, and two adapter members. The link member is disposed at a second end portion of the first support member. The first connect member and the second connect member are disposed on the link member and connected to the second end portion through the link member. The adapter members are disposed corresponding to ends of the first connect member and the second connect member, and each adapter member has an adapter portion. In the process of changing positions of the first connect member and the second connect member relative to the link member, the adapter portions are oriented to the same direction.

Abstract: Embodiments include, but are not limited to, a stroller with a collapsible frame where an upper end of the side armrest rotatably connected to a slider, the lower end of the side armrest rotatably connected to an upper end of the rear leg set, a middle portion of the rear leg set rotatably connected to a lower end of the handlebar set, the upper end of the rear leg set and the lower end of the side armrest rotatably connected to the upper end of the front leg set, the middle portion of the front leg set rotatably connected to the front end of the seat set, the rear end of the seat set rotatably connected to the lower end of the handlebar set, and the slider capable of sliding along the length of the handlebar set, wheel assemblies, and a locking mechanism, between the handlebar set and the slider.

Abstract: Trailer for stroller includes a wheel frame with a lifting seat, and a push rod capable of sliding along the movement direction of front and rear wheels, which can be folded between the wheel frame and the seat. The push rod drives the seat to rise and fall; and a locking structure used for locking the push rod to limit the slide of the push rod when the seat rises is disposed between the push rod and the wheel frame. The seat is driven to rise when the push rod slides and is pulled up, and the seat is driven to fall when the push rod slides and is retracted; and the locking structure ensures the stability of the seat.

Abstract: A vehicle has a frame, a motor, a driveshaft operatively connected to the motor, a front differential operatively connected to the driveshaft, a pair of front half-shafts operatively connecting the front differential to front wheels, at least one rear wheel, a steering wheel, a steering column operatively connected to the steering wheel, a rack and pinion assembly operatively connected to the steering column, the rack and pinion assembly being disposed rearward of the front differential, a right tie rod having a left end operatively connected to a rack of the rack and pinion assembly and a right end operatively connected to the right wheel, and a left tie rod having a right end operatively connected to the rack and a left end operatively connected to the left wheel. The inner ends of the tie rods are disposed forwardly of a vertically and laterally extending central plane of the rack.

Abstract: Hydraulic bi-directional flow switches are disclosed. A disclosed example apparatus includes a piston disposed in a fluid channel between a first fluid connection and a second fluid connection, where the first and second fluid connections define a fluid pathway for hydraulic steering fluid. The example apparatus also includes a detector to detect a movement of the piston away from a default position of the piston, where the piston is to displace from the default position when the hydraulic steering fluid flows along the fluid pathway.

Abstract: An electronic control unit includes a casing and a cover which are mutually bonded. A drive circuit board which drives a motor unit is fixed to the cover and, on the other hand, a control circuit board which controls the drive circuit board is fixed to the casing. An electrical connector which supplies an electric power to each board and a motor unit is attached on an opening section of the casing. First power supply terminals of this electrical connector and the motor unit and second power supply terminals of the drive circuit board are directly electrically connected by a bonding of both of casing and the cover.

Abstract: An electric power steering apparatus that: calculates a steering angle control current command value for the steering angle control based on at least a steering angle command value and an actual steering angle; judges a steering state based on a manual input judgment and performs a switch of the steering state; converts a steering angular velocity command value calculated from at least the steering angle command value and the actual steering angle into an extended steering angular velocity command value; calculates the steering angle control current command value based on the extended steering angular velocity command value and an actual steering angular velocity; performs manual input judgment to a steering torque by using a threshold; and calculates the current command value by using at least the steering angle control current command value.

Abstract: A steering control apparatus for a steering system includes a controller. The controller sets a limit value to less than or equal to a steering angle limit value, the limit value being an upper limit of an absolute value of a torque command value, and controls a motor such that a motor torque follows the torque command. When the absolute value of a rotation angle of a rotary shaft exceeds a steering angle threshold, the controller computes a damping control amount such that the damping control amount increases with an increase in an excess of an angular velocity of the rotary shaft over a first upper limit angular velocity. The controller computes the torque command value based on a value obtained by combining the basic command value and the damping control amount such that an absolute value of the basic command value is reduced.

Abstract: Provided is a vehicle travel support apparatus including: a normal control module configured to execute travel support control; a correction control module configured to execute correction control in addition to the travel support control when a state of the vehicle is brought into an abnormal state during the execution of the travel support control; and a compensation control module configured to, when a finish condition is satisfied during the execution of the correction control, stop both the travel support control and the correction control and execute compensation control.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are provided for an offset tie rod joint for vehicle steering systems. The offset tie rod joint comprises a ball rotatably retained within a casing that is disposed in an opening of an offset housing. A threaded shank fixedly coupled with the offset housing is received by a steering rod. The opening is displaced from a longitudinal axis of the threaded shank by a distance that provides clearance between the offset housing and a spindle assembly during articulation of the spindle assembly during steering. A rear backstop and a front snap-ring in a groove retain the casing within the opening. A bore extending through the ball receives a bolt that fixates the ball between parallel prongs of the spindle assembly. A misalignment spacer on each side of the ball provides clearance for rotation of the ball within the offset housing.

Abstract: The present invention provides embodiments of modified upper and lower control arms for attachment to the steering knuckle that came with the vehicle, or for attachment to a modified steering knuckle of an embodiment of the invention, such that the steering knuckle, and in particular the wheel hub opening of the steering knuckle, are located at positions that are closer to the front of the vehicle than the positions provided by the control arms that came with the vehicle. The forward position of the wheel hub relative to the position provided by the factory or stock control arms moves the wheel and tire forward by the same distance, thereby allowing much larger wheels and tires to be mounted on the vehicle which do not rub against or interfere with the wheel well, fender or body mount, thereby increasing the approach angle of the vehicle for use in off-road climbing.

Abstract: A front fork (4) of a motor vehicle, comprising a first lining (24), a first stem (28) and a second lining (48), wherein the first stem (28) slides axially inside the first lining (24) along a first sliding axis, the first stem (28) and the first lining (24) are associated one to one hub (32) for rotatably housing the rotation pin of an axle journal of a wheel and the other to a steering column (40) by means of a bracket (44), or vice versa, the second lining (48) is integral in rotation with the first lining (24), is arranged so that, with respect to a projection plane perpendicular to the first sliding axis, the projection area of the first lining (24) is eccentrically contained in the projection area of the second lining (48), and is integrally attached to said hub (32) or to said steering column (40).

Abstract: An air reservoir for a steering axle is mounted on a trailer, the steering axle comprising a pair of rotation pivoting wheel assemblies. Each wheel assembly has a rotation plate and a steering arm connected thereto. A rod pivotally connects the steering arms, each wheel assembly being rotatably connected to either end of the axle. An air stabilizer assembly is mounted on the axle and is connected to the rod, the air stabilizer assembly having an inflatable damper assembly thereon. An air supply is fluidly connected to an air inlet on the axle, the air inlet being fluidly connected to the damper assembly. The air stabilizer assembly dampens pivotal movement of the wheel assemblies when compressed air from the air reservoir fills the damper assembly. The air stabilizer assembly allows the wheel assemblies to rotate more freely when pressure of the compressed air within the damper assembly is reduced.

Abstract: A driving assistance device acquires a surrounding area map, determines whether a subject vehicle is travelable in an assistance target scene based on the surrounding area map, generates a guide that guides the subject vehicle in the assistance target scene based on the surrounding area map, adjusts relative positions of an obstacle and the guide in the surrounding area map in accordance a reference position information, perform a steering assistance to assist steering of the subject vehicle in accordance with the guide when determines that the subject vehicle is travelable, and updates the reference position information in accordance with a degree of deviation between the guide and an actual trajectory along which the subject vehicle passes during the steering assistance.

Abstract: An All-Terrain Vehicle with a frame, shocks, and A-Arms. The A-Arms have an arcuate shape to accommodate a shock attached below a centerline connecting front wheel(s). The A-Arms on one end arc around the shock and attach to a spindle and on a second end attach to the frame. The arcuate shape provides additional clearance, beyond a non arcuate shaped A-Arm,when a wheel is turned.

Abstract: A side by side vehicle is disclosed having a vehicle frame having frame tubes extending from a front to a rear. A vehicle seat frame is positioned in a mid portion of the frame, and positions a seat frame at a raised position relative to the frame tubes. A powertrain is positioned rearward of the vehicle seat frame and is coupled to the vehicle frame. Side by side seats are supported by the seat frame; and one or more storage units are positioned under the side by side seats. The side by side vehicle also has a rear suspension comprising at least one rear alignment arm coupled to each side of a rear of the vehicle frame, where the alignment arms are coupled to the vehicle frame at front and rear connection points. A distance between the front connection points is greater than a distance between the rear connection points, and at least a portion of the powertrain is positioned between the front connection points of the alignment arms.

Abstract: A vehicle roof stiffener includes a metal or metal alloy frame defining a central opening and at least one corner. The vehicle roof stiffener also includes a fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) portion including at least one transition structure comprising a metal or a metal alloy. At least some of the fibers of the FRP portion are embedded in the transition structure. The FRP portion is located in the at least one corner. In some examples, the frame includes an opening in the at least one corner, and the FRP portion spans the opening. In other examples, the FRP portion overlaps the frame at the at least one corner. The FRP portion located at the corner may improve rigidity of the roof stiffener to increase resistance to a racking motion and increase the overall stiffness of the vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle structural member includes an elongate hollow member having an integrated structure, and supporting members joined to the elongate hollow member. The elongate hollow member includes: a first portion that includes a first pipe, a second pipe disposed outside the first pipe and extending along the first pipe, and a connection portion extending along the first pipe and the second pipe, formed integrally with the first pipe and the second pipe, and connecting the first pipe and the second pipe; and a second portion that includes the first pipe continuing from the first portion, and does not include the second pipe.

Abstract: A battery unit is positioned under the floor of a vehicle chamber. A battery-side extension is provided on the lower surface of the front part of the battery unit case. A member-side extension member is provided, on the rear part of a suspension member, at a position facing the battery-side extension in the vehicle front-and-rear direction.

Abstract: A vehicle bed extender for increasing cargo capacity of a storage area is presented. The vehicle bed extender includes a flexible member, a bracket, and at least one stiffener. The flexible member defines a back wall disposed between a pair of extension walls. The back wall and the extension walls have an upper end and a lower end. Each extension wall is separately and removably attachable to a side wall of a vehicle. The bracket is secured to a top end of a tailgate at two or more mount points. The bracket and the tailgate define a slot between each adjacent pair of mount points. At least one tab extends at the lower end along the back wall. The tab slidingly engages the slot to secure the flexible member to the tailgate. The stiffener is removably attached to the flexible member at the upper end.

Abstract: The present invention relates to all terrain vehicles having at least a pair of laterally spaced apart seating surfaces.

Abstract: An aerodynamic drag reduction system includes a side panel configured to be coupled to a rear swing door to extend generally vertically at least partially along a height of a trailer and a top panel configured to be coupled to the rear swing door to extend generally horizontally at least partially along a width of the trailer. The drag system includes a cable system configured to connect the side and top panels to prevent upward movement of the top panel beyond its generally horizontal position. The cable system includes a first cable with a first end coupled to an inner surface of the side panel, and a second cable and a third cable each with a first end coupled to a bottom surface of the top panel. A second end of each of the first cable, the second cable, and the third cable is coupled together at a juncture.

Abstract: System and apparatus for improving aerodynamics of a vehicle including: a plurality of stiffeners offset from each other; a first airfoil configured as a thin-form sheet; a second airfoil coupled to the first airfoil using the plurality of stiffeners, wherein a trailing edge of the first airfoil overlaps a leading edge of the second airfoil; an airflow inlet defined by a leading edge of the first airfoil and a pair of stiffeners of the plurality of stiffeners; and an airflow outlet defined by the trailing edge of the first airfoil, the leading edge of the second airfoil, and the pair of stiffeners.

Abstract: The invention relates to an aerodynamic deflector device for a motor vehicle wheel, comprising: a deflecting wall (5) mounted movable relative to a stationary frame (39) between a retracted position in which the deflecting wall (5) is raised and an extended position in which the deflecting wall (5) is lowered relative to the stationary frame (39). According to the invention, the deflecting device also includes a resiliently deformable resilient module (13), arranged so as to move the deflecting wall (5) towards the extended position when the deflecting wall is no longer in the extended position.

Abstract: A tire deflector device configured such that a deflector is disposed on a bottom portion of a vehicle in front of a front wheel is provided. The deflector includes a guide surface extending substantially horizontally in a vehicle longitudinal direction, and a vertical wall portion including a surface extending downwardly on a rear portion of the guide surface and extending in a vehicle width direction. An angle defined by a lower portion of a vertical wall portion including at least a lower end of the vertical wall portion and an imaginary orthogonal plane orthogonal to the guide surface lies within a range from 20 degrees to 45 degrees.

Abstract: An aerodynamic component disposed on a side face of an upper rear part of an automobile vehicle body and reduces a lift coefficient of a vehicle body rear part, includes a plate-shaped base part and a fin projectingly provided on a front face of the base part, wherein the base part gently increases in thickness from a front edge side to a rear edge side, and has at the rear edge a shape that rises steeply with respect to the side face of the upper rear part of the vehicle body. Therefore, it is possible for the aerodynamic component to generate a turbulent vortex in the air flow passing the vehicle body upper rear part to thus decrease the lift coefficient of the vehicle body rear part and ensure the ground load for the rear wheel, thereby enabling the handling stability of the vehicle to be enhanced.

Abstract: An all-terrain vehicle for civil protection activities includes a vehicle structure with at least one module for transporting persons and/or material, and a plurality of legs bearing respective wheel assemblies or track assemblies. Each leg is pivotably mounted about a first transverse axis. One first end of the leg carries a wheel assembly or a track assembly and a second end is freely mounted pivoting about the first transverse axis on a first support which is carried by the vehicle structure. An electronically-controlled actuator adjusts an angular position of the first support about a first transverse axis. Between the first support and the leg structure two spring-shock absorber assemblies are interposed, which extend along the leg.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an automobile includes placing a body on a pre-assembled underside part set, and then assembling the underside part set onto the body. The underside part set includes a rear suspension in which a spring and a shock absorber are arranged side by side, and the spring is brought into a compressed state in the underside part set before the body is placed on the underside part set.

Abstract: Described herein is a supporting frame for motor-vehicle bodyshells of a reconfigurable type. The supporting frame comprises a first pair of supports, a second pair of supports, and at least one third pair of supports for a motor-vehicle bodyshell, wherein the second pair and the third pair are configured for co-operating alternatively with the first pair for supporting a motor-vehicle bodyshell received on the frame.

Abstract: A bicycle saddle includes a saddle shell connected to a saddle rail, a padding element arranged on an upper side of said saddle shell, and a deepened portion extending in said padding element in the longitudinal direction of the bicycle saddle. The depth of said deepened portion increases towards a rear side of the saddle.

Abstract: A bicycle saddle includes a saddle shell, a saddle frame being arranged on the lower side thereof. A saddle cushion is arranged on an upper side of the saddle shell, the saddle cushion including at least two cushion elements. The main cushion element is connected with the upper side of the saddle shell. Auxiliary cushion elements are arranged in recesses of the main cushion element. Both the main cushion element and the at least one auxiliary cushion element include EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate).

Abstract: A intelligent headlight system for a bicycle according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: a bicycle body; a portable terminal which may be carried by a rider of the bicycle body and has a GPS module, for detecting the location information of the bicycle body, so as to measure the running speed on the basis of the location information of the bicycle body; and a headlight apparatus which is disposed on the bicycle body so as to cast light on the scene ahead of the bicycle body, is communicatably connected to the portable terminal so as to receive the running speed of the bicycle body, and is formed such that irradiation patterns may vary in accordance with the running speed of the bicycle body.