Abstract: The invention is directed toward a primary AA alkaline battery. The primary AA alkaline battery includes an anode; a cathode; an electrolyte; and a separator between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrolyte includes a hydroxide. The primary AA alkaline battery has an integrated in-cell ionic resistance (Ri) at 22° C. of less than about 39 m?.

Abstract: The invention is directed toward a primary AAA alkaline battery. The primary AAA alkaline battery includes an anode; a cathode; an electrolyte; and a separator between the anode and the cathode. The anode includes an electrochemically active anode material. The cathode includes an electrochemically active cathode material. The electrolyte includes a hydroxide. The primary AA alkaline battery has an integrated in-cell ionic resistance (Ri) at 22° C. of less than about 39 m?.

Abstract: An ODMR member is arranged in a measurement target AC magnetic field. A coil applies a magnetic field of a microwave to the ODMR member. A high frequency power supply causes the coil to conduct a current of the microwave. An irradiating device irradiates the ODMR member with light. A light receiving device detects light that the ODMR member emits. A measurement control unit performs a predetermined DC magnetic field measurement sequence at a predetermined phase of the measurement target AC magnetic field, and in the DC magnetic field measurement sequence, controls the high frequency power supply and the irradiating device and thereby determines a detection light intensity of the light detected by the light receiving device. A magnetic field calculation unit calculates an intensity of the measurement target AC magnetic field on the basis of the predetermined phase and the detection light intensity.

Abstract: Various embodiments discussed herein can comprises systems or methods that can improve over existing spinning current Hall sensor systems via at least one of interleaving spinning phases or sliding averaging/summing. One example embodiment can comprise a sensor system comprising M (a positive integer) spinning current Hall sensors, each of which has N (an integer greater than one) distinct spinning phases during which it can acquire sensor data, and a multiplexer that can select sensor data of the sensors according to a M×N spinning phase sensor sequence. The M×N distinct spinning phases of the sensor sequence can be interleaved, wherein the average in the time domain of the N spinning phases for each sensor is the same. For each of the M sensors, a sum and/or an average can be determined for one or more most recent representations of sensor data from that sensor.

Abstract: A method of reading out a Hall plate which comprises at least 4 contacts. The method comprises: reading out two of the contacts while biasing two other contacts of the at least 4 contacts thereby obtaining a readout signal; switching biasing and readout contacts according to a random or pseudo-random sequence of phases, each phase corresponding with a different permutation of biasing and readout contacts selected from the at least 4 contacts of the Hall plate wherein the biasing and readout contacts are selected such that the readout signal is a measure for the magnetic field; processing of the readout signal to obtain a readout of the Hall plate representative for the magnetic field.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a semiconductor substrate 10 of a first conductivity type, a vertical Hall element 100 provided on the semiconductor substrate 10, and an excitation conductor 200 provided directly above the vertical Hall element 100 with an intermediation of an insulating film 30. The vertical Hall element 100 includes a semiconductor layer 101 of a second conductivity type provided on the semiconductor substrate 10, and a plurality of electrodes 111 through 115 each constituted from a high-concentration second conductivity type impurity region and provided on the surface of the semiconductor layer 101 along a straight line. A ratio WC/WH between a width WC of the excitation conductor 200 and a width WH of each of the plurality of electrodes 111 through 115 satisfies 0.3?WC/WH?1.0.

Abstract: A magnetoresistive sensor includes a first non-magnetic layer, a second non-magnetic layer, and a magnetic free bi-layer. The magnetic free bi-layer is disposed between first non-magnetic layer and the second non-magnetic layer, the magnetic free bi-layer including a first magnetic free layer coupled to a second magnetic free layer. The first magnetic free layer is coupled to the first non-magnetic layer, and the second magnetic free layer is coupled to the second non-magnetic layer. The second non-magnetic layer comprises a non-magnetic material having an atomic radius within 10% of an atomic radius of at least one of the first magnetic free layer and the second magnetic free layer.

Abstract: A magnetic characteristic measuring apparatus measures a magnetic characteristic of a sample having a core wound by a primary coil and a secondary coil with high accuracy at high frequency. The apparatus includes: an air-core coil wound by a primary coil and a secondary coil; and a capacitor. The primary coil of the sample, the primary coil of the air-core coil and the capacitor are serially connected, and the capacitance CL of the capacitor is selected as 1/3?2La?CL?1/?2La, wherein La is an inductance of the air-core coil at a frequency ?/2n.

Abstract: When predicting required component service in an imaging device such as a magnetic resonance (MR) imaging device (12), component parameters such as coil voltage, phase lock lost (PLL) events, etc. are sampled to monitor system components. Voltage samples are filtered according to their temporal proximity to coil plug-in and unplug events to generate a filtered data set that is analyzed by a processor (46) to determine whether to transmit a fault report. A service recommendation is received based on the transmitted report and includes a root cause diagnosis and service recommendation that is output to a user interface (50).

Abstract: Nuclear Magnetic Resonant Imaging (also called Magnetic Resonant Imaging or “MRI”) devices which are implantable, internal or insertable are provided. The disclosure describes ways to miniaturize, simplify, calibrate, cool, and increase the utility of MRI systems for structural investigative purposes, and for biological investigation and potential treatment. It teaches use of target objects of fixed size, shape and position for calibration and comparison to obtain accurate images. It further teaches cooling of objects under test by electrically conductive leads or electrically isolated leads; varying the magnetic field of the probe to move chemicals or ferrous metallic objects within the subject. The invention also teaches comparison of objects using review of the frequency components of a received signal rather than by a pictorial representation.

Abstract: A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system is provided. The MRI system can include a magnetic field device to generate a magnetic field within a measurement volume and to generate a magnetic fringe field external to the measurement volume. The MRI system can include a ferromagnetic housing to envelop the magnetic field device. The housing can have a first portion and a second portion, where thickness of the first portion is different from thickness of the second portion. The MRI system can include a plate having a plate opening and positioned external to the housing at a predetermined distance from the housing. In some embodiments, the magnetic fringe field generated by the MRI system can be asymmetric with respect to a center of the measurement volume.

Abstract: A hybrid imaging apparatus includes a magnetic resonance imaging (MM) arrangement having an RF resonator structure (1) and a gradient coil system (8) having a longitudinal axis, an emission tomography (ET) arrangement with a detector device having at least one photosensor (3) and one circuit board arrangement with at least one readout circuit board (11) on which an ET electronics is arranged, and an internal shielding device (7) shielding the readout electronics (4) of the ET arrangement and shielding the RF resonator structure of the MRI arrangement. The photosensor is arranged, in relation to the longitudinal axis, radially inside the sensor circuit boards and radially outside the RF resonator structure. The internal shielding device is arranged radially outside the photosensor and/or integrated into the photosensor. This achieves both a compact design and optimized performance of the detection of the MR and ET imaging.

Abstract: The present invention pertains to magnetic resonance imaging, notably of separate body parts with open space between them. A bridge member containing MR responsive material is provided in the open space to establish a correspondence between the body parts. The MR responsive material generates magnetic resonance signals in response the RF excitation, so that between the separate body parts via the bridge member magnetic resonance signal are obtained from positions between which there is at most a limited spatial variation of the main magnetic field, so that phase ambiguities between the signals from these positions are avoided. Thus chemical shift separation, notably water-fat separation though a region-of-interest containing several (both) body parts may rely on a smoothness condition imposed on the spatial distribution of the main magnetic field. This avoids artefacts, such as water-fat swaps when separating water and fat contributions in the reconstructed magnetic resonance image.

Abstract: Embodiments facilitate generation of a prediction of long-term survival (LTS) or short-term survival (STS) of Glioblastoma (GBM) patients. A first set of embodiments discussed herein relates to training of a machine learning classifier to determine a prediction for LTS or STS based on a radiographic-deformation and textural heterogeneity (r-DepTH) descriptor generated based on radiographic images of tissue demonstrating GBM. A second set of embodiments discussed herein relates to determination of a prediction of disease outcome for a GBM patient of LTS or STS based on an r-DepTH descriptor generated based on radiographic imagery of the patient.

Abstract: A method for magnetic resonance imaging reconstructs images that have reduced under-sampling artifacts from highly accelerated multi-spectral imaging acquisitions. The method includes performing by a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) apparatus an accelerated multi-spectral imaging (MSI) acquisition within a field of view of the MRI apparatus, where the sampling trajectories of different spectral bins in the acquisition are different; and reconstructing bin images using neural network priors learned from training data as regularization to reduce under-sampling artifacts.

Abstract: In some aspects, a method of operating a magnetic resonance imaging system comprising a B0 magnet and at least one thermal management component configured to transfer heat away from the B0 magnet during operation is provided. The method comprises providing operating power to the B0 magnet, monitoring a temperature of the B0 magnet to determine a current temperature of the B0 magnet, and operating the at least one thermal management component at less than operational capacity in response to an occurrence of at least one event.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of building a database of pulse sequences for parallel-transmission magnetic resonance imaging, includes a) for each of a plurality of subjects, determining an optimal sequence for the subject; b) for each subject, computing the values of the or of a different cost or merit function obtained by playing the optimal sequences for all the subjects; c) aggregating the subjects into a plurality of clusters using a clustering algorithm taking the values, or functions thereof, as metrics; d) for each cluster, determining an averaged optimal sequence for the cluster; e) receiving, as input, a set of features characterizing an imaging subject, comprising at least a morphological feature of the subject; f) associating the subject to one pulse sequence of the database based on the set of features using the computer-implemented classifier algorithm; and g) performing magnetic resonance imaging using the pulse sequence.

Abstract: In an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) system and a method for controlling a magnetic field gradient applied in the MRI system during an imaging sequence, a first gradient parameter representing a first maximum value of the applicable magnetic field gradients applied over time is determined in view heat generated by the applied magnetic field gradients. A second gradient parameter representing a second maximum value of the applicable magnetic field gradients applied over time is also determined in view heat generated by the applied magnetic field gradients, the second maximum value being different from the first maximum value. A current operating parameter of the MRI system is determined, and either the first gradient parameter or the second gradient parameter is selected for the imaging sequence, dependent on the determined current operating parameter.

Abstract: Devices and methods are provided where switches associated with a magnetic field sensor are used to provide error information. In particular, a device is provided that includes a magnetic field sensor, a plurality of switches associated with the magnetic field sensor, and a control circuit configured to control the plurality of switches and to provide at least one signal indicative of a fault based on operation of the switches.

Abstract: An angle of arrival system can be self-calibrating. The angle of arrival system can continuously estimate imperfections caused by the analog RF components and dynamically apply corrections based on these estimates. As a result, an angle of arrival system can employ inexpensive components, will not require factory calibration, but can still perform geolocation with high precision.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for supporting reference signals are disclosed. A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) is configured to receive a reference signal of a first type. The first type is other than a cell specific reference signal (CRS), an Multicast Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) reference signal or a demodulation reference signal (DM-RS). Reference signals of the first type are received in resource elements other than resource elements used for a physical broadcast channel (PBCH), a primary synchronization signal or a secondary synchronization signal. The WTRU is configured to receive a radio resource control message indicating a subframe position in which the reference signal of the first type is transmitted and a periodicity of a transmission of the reference signal of the first type, and a number of antenna ports for a transmission of the reference signal of the first type.

Abstract: An apparatus and method define a parametric model that may be utilized for determining a position of a mobile device relative to a beacon that includes at least first and second directive antennas and at least a non-directive antenna. The apparatus includes a communication interface configured to receive signals from at least the first and second directive antennas and at least the non-directive antenna at each of a plurality of angular positions throughout a range of angles. The apparatus further includes processing circuitry configured to normalize the signal strengths of the signals received from the first and second directive antennas. The processing circuitry is also configured to determine the parametric model representative of relationships based upon the normalized signal strengths of the signals received from the first and second directive antennas to the angle of the mobile device to the beacon.

Abstract: Described examples include light fixtures and/or radio frequency (RF) nodes located in a service volume provided with a mobile asset detection system. The RF nodes receive beacon signals transmitted by mobile assets within the service volume. The mobile asset detection system includes a processor, a transceiver and multi-element antenna array. The multi-element antenna array includes multiple discrete antenna elements that, in some examples, are arranged so that at least one of the discrete antenna elements is non-coplanar with the other discrete antenna elements of the antenna array. Using signal attribute values determined from a signal received via each of the respective discrete antenna elements, a three dimensional estimate of the location of the mobile assets in a service volume may be determined.

Abstract: A position estimation unit (2) comprising a first transceiver device (3) and a processing unit (10) that is arranged to repeatedly calculate time-of-flight (TOF) for radio signals (x1, x2, x3, x4, x5, x6) sent pair-wise between two transceivers among the first transceiver device (3) and at least two other transceiver devices (7, 8, 9); calculate possible positions for the transceiver devices (3, 7, 8, 9), which results in possible positions for each transceiver device (3, 7, 8, 9); and perform Multidimensional scaling (MDS) calculation in order to obtain relative positions of the transceiver devices (3, 7, 8, 9) in a present coordinate system. After two initial MDS calculations, between every two consecutive MDS calculations, the processing unit (10) is arranged to repeatedly perform a processing procedure comprising translation, scaling and rotation of present coordinate system such that a corrected present coordinate system is acquired.

Abstract: An RF position tracking system for wirelessly tracking the three-dimensional position of a tracked object. The tracked object has at least one mobile antenna and at least one inertial sensor. The system uses a plurality of base antennas which communicate with the mobile antenna using radio signals. The tracked object also incorporates the inertial sensor to improve position stability by allowing the system to compare position data from radio signals to data provided by the inertial sensor.

Abstract: Disclosed, among other things is a wide area direction finding system comprising multiple radio frequency (RF) receiving units and a display computer. The RF receiving units may be in different geographic areas to make use of triangulation to precisely locate a target, allowing for increased area coverage and accuracy when locating a target. Locating a target may draw from real-time information using a “live mode,” or from a past event using a “history mode” on the display computer.

Abstract: A method for determining a location of a client device in a wireless network including the client device and at least three network devices, each of the three network devices having a known location comprises a pairwise exchanges of messages between at least three different pairs of network devices of said at least three network devices. In the pairwise exchange messages, wherein in a pairwise message exchange time difference information of the time difference between reception of a message and subsequent transmission of a message is included. This time difference information is used in the determination of the location of the client device.

Abstract: A combined metrology method is provided for calculating the distance, the roll and pitch attitudes, and the relative orientations between two undersea points of interest. The method comprises positioning on the sea bottom a long-range acoustic positioning system having acoustic beacons, calibrating the system in order to determine the positions of the beacons relative to one another, deploying a vehicle on the sea bottom, taking a plurality of scenes around each point of interest in order to acquire point clouds, and processing the point clouds in order to calculate the coordinates of points in a common reference frame defined by the array of beacons and centered on the position of one of the acoustic beacons.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for systems and methods to provide networkable sonar systems for mobile structures. A networkable sonar system includes a transducer module and associated sonar electronics and optionally orientation and/or position sensors and/or other sensors disposed substantially within the housing of a sonar transducer assembly, which is coupled to one or more user interfaces and/or other sonar systems over an Ethernet connection. The sonar transducer assembly may be configured to support and protect the transducer module and the sonar electronics and sensors, to physically and/or adjustably couple to a mobile structure, and/or to provide a simplified interface to other systems coupled to the mobile structure. Resulting sonar data and/or imagery may be transmitted over the Ethernet connection and displayed to a user and/or used to adjust various operational systems of the mobile structure.

Abstract: A radar device for a motor vehicle comprises a radar antenna configured to detect a reflected signal characterized as a reflection of a transmitted signal reflected by an object present in the field of view of the radar antenna; a controller configured to transmit at least one radar signal from the radar antenna, the radar signal being transmitted according to a determined object detection transmission power; the controller being configured to detect the power level of the reflected signal derived from the transmitted radar signal reflected by the detected object; the controller being configured to adjust the transmission power, according to the power level of the reflected signal detected, to a minimum power sufficient for the detection of the detected object.

Abstract: An estimating device includes: a transmission antenna; a transmission signal generator that generates a multicarrier signal; a transmitter that outputs the multicarrier signal to the transmission antenna; a reception antenna; a receiver that measures reception signals including a reflected signal which is the transmitted multicarrier signal that has been reflected or dispersed by the moving body; a complex transfer function calculator that calculates, from the measured reception signals, a plurality of complex transfer functions indicating propagation characteristics between a transmission antenna element and a reception antenna element; a moving body correlation matrix calculator that calculates, for each of subcarriers, a moving body correlation matrix from the complex transfer functions; a subcarrier integrator that integrates the moving body correlation matrices; and an estimation processor that estimates the direction or position in which the moving body is present, using the integrated moving body corre

Abstract: A method for obtaining an adaptive angle-Doppler ambiguity function (AF) for a target using multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar that includes a transmit antenna array having a plurality of antenna elements. The method includes generating transmit signals for transmission by the transmit antenna array, the transmit signals defining at least a first transmit trajectory of a phase center within the transmit antenna array; transmitting the transmit signals using the transmit antenna array and receiving receive signals from the target, the receive signals resulting from the incidence of the transmit signals upon the target; and obtaining at least an angle-Doppler ambiguity function (AF) from the receive signals. The first transmit trajectory is such that, in operation, the phase center undergoes random phase center motion (PCM), such that a phase center position within the transmit antenna array varies randomly with time. A system for obtaining an AF is also disclosed.

Abstract: A sensor unit including an object detection sensor and an inclination sensor is mounted to a vehicle, and axial misalignment of the object detection sensor is determined as follows. A first inclination angle acquiring step of disposing the sensor unit, so that a first predetermined direction is aligned with a second predetermined direction before the sensor unit is mounted to the vehicle, and acquiring a first inclination angle detected by the inclination sensor from the inclination sensor, is performed. Then, a second inclination angle acquiring step of mounting the sensor unit on the vehicle and acquiring a second inclination angle detected by the inclination sensor from the inclination sensor, is performed. Finally, an axial misalignment determining step of determining whether axial misalignment has occurred at the object detection sensor, based on the first inclination angle and the second inclination angle, is performed.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method includes causing a radar antenna to transmit a plurality of radar signals at a plurality of sweep angles and, for each of one or more the radar signals reflected back to the radar antenna, calculating a radial-velocity component. The method also includes identifying one of the radial-velocity components, identifying one of the plurality of sweep angles corresponding to the identified radial-velocity components, and calculating an offset of an electrical boresight of the radar antenna based at least in part on the identified sweep angle corresponding to the identified radial-velocity component.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method and apparatus for measuring a distance to a target object by using a radar signal in an environment where an obstacle is present. The disclosed method of measuring a distance by using a radar includes: receiving a radar signal reflected from a target object by passing through a target obstacle; estimating material of the target obstacle by using an obstacle material learning result which uses a waveform of a reference radar signal, and by using a waveform of the reflected radar signal; estimating a thickness of the target obstacle by using an obstacle thickness learning result which uses a frequency feature of the reference radar signal, and by using a frequency feature of the reflected radar signal; and calculating a distance to the target object by using a permittivity according to the material of the target obstacle, and the thickness of the target obstacle.

Abstract: A distance measurement device 1 has a light emitting unit 11, a light receiving unit 12, and a distance calculation unit 13, and outputs distance data for each pixel position to the subject. A saturation detection unit 14 detects that the light reception level in the light receiving unit 12 is saturated. In a case in which the saturation is detected, an interpolation processing unit 15 performs an interpolation process using the distance data of a non-saturation region close to a saturation region on the distance data of the saturation region among the distance data output from the distance calculation unit 13. In the interpolation process, the distance data is replaced with the distance data of one pixel of the non-saturation region, or linear interpolation or curve interpolation is performed using the distance data of a plurality of pixels.

Abstract: A system and a method for tracking a target and for compensating for atmospheric turbulence, the system comprising at least two light sources with each emitting a light beam to the target, at least two collimators to collimate the light beam of the associated light source, a reference device to reflect a portion of the light beam exiting from all the collimators, at least two targeting modules to lead the light beam from the light source to reach a predetermined zone of the target, at least two detection modules to receive and detect the portion of the beam reflected by the reference device, a module for determining angle of deviation, a module for determining phase deviation and an adjustment module for adjusting each of the light sources in order to compensate for atmospheric turbulence.

Abstract: An object detecting apparatus is provided with: a laser diode that projects a laser beam; a torsion spring coupled with a support member; a mirror coupled to a first side of the torsion spring and reflecting the laser beam; a permanent magnet coupled to a second side of the torsion spring across a rotational axis of the torsion spring; a driving coil; and a magnetic substance assembly surrounding the driving coil. The mirror reciprocates corresponding to a driving signal applied to the driving coil. The object detecting apparatus is further provided with a speed detecting circuitry configured to detect a moving speed of the mirror; and a pulse controller configured to control a pulse interval of the laser beam projected by the laser diode based on the moving speed detected by the speed detecting circuitry.

Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure are related to a Lidar device, comprising: a vibrating fiber optic cantilever system on a transmit (TX) path; and a two-dimensional (2D) light sensor array on a receive (RX) path.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for compensating errors. A system includes a microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) oscillating structure configured to oscillate about a rotation axis; a phase error detector configured to generate a phase error signal based on measured event times and expected event times of the MEMS oscillating structure oscillating about the rotation axis; and a compensation circuit configured to receive the phase error signal, remove periodic jitter components in the phase error signal to generate a compensated phase error signal, and output the compensated phase error signal.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of tin optimal arrangement in time and space of nsrc multiple laser emitters and a detector for a remote sensing application, comprising setting a target time unit integration time tp; translating said time unit integration time into a reduced time ?p and its corresponding power increase factor ??1; repeating for every emitter k of said plurality of nsrc emitters the steps of: waiting for a given offset duration toffset,k: activating both the laser emitter k, with a power output corrected by ??1, and the detector for a duration of ?p; deactivating said emitter k and detector after duration ?p: flagging emitter k to be kept off for the subsequent duration toff=tp??p. The invention further relates to a device implementing said method.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally relates to laser range finders. In one embodiment, a shallow-trench isolation diode operates in a reverse-biased mode. In another embodiment, a poly-defined diode operates in a forward-biased mode. In both embodiments, the diode emits photons in response to a radio frequency current, and the photons are received by an avalanche photo diode during a calibration process.

Abstract: Embodiments include apparatuses, methods, and systems for a photonic device including a first optical component, a second optical component, and a third component, where the first optical component or the second optical component is a redundant component of the photonic device. When the first optical component is enabled, the first optical component is to provide a first input to the third component, or to receive a second input from the third component. Similarly, when the second optical component is enabled, the second optical component is to provide the first input to the third component, or to receive the second input from the third component. The first optical component and the second optical component are arranged to perform a same function. Only one of the first optical component or the second optical component is enabled at a time. Other embodiments may also be described and claimed.

Abstract: Various implementations of the invention compensate for “phase wandering” in tunable laser sources. Phase wandering may negatively impact a performance of a lidar system that employ such laser sources, typically by reducing a coherence length/range of the lidar system, an effective bandwidth of the lidar system, a sensitivity of the lidar system, etc. Some implementations of the invention compensate for phase wandering near the laser source and before the output of the laser is directed toward a target. Some implementations of the invention compensate for phase wandering in the target signal (i.e., the output of the laser that is incident on and reflected back from the target). Some implementations of the invention compensate for phase wandering at the laser source and in the target signal.

Abstract: Techniques are disclosed for systems and methods to provide accurate and reliable compact sonar systems for mobile structures. A sonar system includes multiple sensor channels, each comprising a sonar transmitter and a sonar receiver, and a logic device configured to provide control signals and receive sensor signals from the sensor channels. The logic device is configured to provide transmission signals to sonar transducer assemblies, where signal patterns of the transmission signals are differentiated based at least in part on frequency content. Acoustic returns are processed using the signal patterns to reduce inter-channel pickup between the sensor channels. Resulting sonar data and/or imagery may be displayed to a user and/or used to adjust a steering actuator, a propulsion system thrust, and/or other operational systems of the mobile structure.

Abstract: A system for measuring a gap between a moving and stationary component of a turbine engine. The system comprises a turbine engine having a core with compressor, combustor, and turbine sections in axial flow arrangement, with at least one rotating blade mounted to a shaft in the compressor and turbine sections and a stationary casing surrounding the at least one blade. At least one surface acoustic wave sensor mounted on one of the at least one blades or casing and generating an electromagnetic signal. An antenna in communication with the surface acoustic wave sensor for receiving the electromagnetic signal; and a computer system configured to receive the electromagnetic signal from the antenna and to convert the electromagnetic signal to a clearance value.

Abstract: Transmission radars (1-nTX) (nTX=1, 2, . . . , NTX) generate mutually different modulation codes Code(nTX, h) by cyclically shifting the same code sequence by mutually different cyclic shift amounts ??(nTX), and generate mutually different transmission RF signals (4-nTX) using the mutually different modulation codes Code(nTX, h). As a result, the number of transmission radars 1-nTX can be made larger, and target detection accuracy can be made higher than in a case where orthogonal codes are used as mutually different modulation codes.

Abstract: An object sensing apparatus 1 includes: an emission unit 11 configured to emit an RF transmission signal in each period; a reception unit 21 configured to receive a reflected wave of the RF transmission signal as an RF reception signal; an IF signal generation unit 22 configured to generate an IF signal by mixing the RF transmission signal and the RF reception signal; a one-dimensional spectrum generation unit 23 configured to generate a one-dimensional spectrum with respect to distance obtained using the object sensing apparatus as a reference, based on the IF signal, and use the generated one-dimensional spectrum to generate a one-dimensional spectrum with fixed object reflection removed, from which a signal component caused by a reflected wave from a fixed object present in an emission range has been removed; a position detection unit 24 configured to detect a position of an object other than the fixed object based on the amplitude of the one-dimensional spectrum with fixed object reflection removed; and a

Abstract: Disclosed is a method, system, and apparatus for transmitting a randomly phase-coded CW waveform in a manner that suppresses signal leakage and enables the recovery of polyphase subcodes advantageous for the purposes of correlation and pulse compression. The CW system transmits and receives a random waveform while concurrently providing properly delayed phase conversion parameters (?i??i) from a corrections generator to various range gates. Each range gate processes any echo returns using a most recent phase conversion parameters (?k??k) provided and correlation of the resulting echo subcodes ?R produce either target indications or noise signals, depending on the most recent phase conversion parameters (?k??k) provided to the range gate. The system may transmit the randomly phase-coded CW waveform while recovering any phase code {?1, ?2, . . . ?N} that lends itself to advantageous pulse compressions.

Abstract: An object detection apparatus 1000 includes a plurality of transmitting units 1101 configured to emit a transmission signal, a receiving unit 1102 configured to mix the reception signal with a transmission signal to generate an IF signal, a spectrum calculation unit 1103 configured to calculate a spectrum that indicates a distribution of positions of the object, a section determination unit 1104 configured to determine sections for which a reflectance of the object is to be calculated, a reflectance distribution calculation unit 1105 configured to calculate, for each pair of a transmitting unit and the receiving unit, a reflectance of the object for each section, and calculate a product of the reflectance distributions over the sections, the reflectance distributions being calculated for the respective pairs, and an image generation unit 1106 configured to generate an image using a product of the reflectance distributions calculated for the respective pairs.