Abstract: A method of treating a portion of a subterranean formation that includes: providing a water-in-oil emulsion, inverting the water-in-oil emulsion to form a friction reducing treatment solution, and introducing the treatment solution into the portion of the subterranean formation. The water-in-oil emulsion has an oil phase, an aqueous phase and surfactants. The oil phase (O) and an aqueous phase (A) are present at an O/A ratio of from about 1:8 to about 10:1. The oil phase is present as a continuous phase and contains an inert hydrophobic liquid. The aqueous phase is present as a dispersed phase of distinct particles in the oil phase and includes water and a water soluble polymer. The water soluble polymer makes up from 10 to 25 weight percent of the water-in-oil emulsion. The water-in-oil emulsion is inverted by adding it to water to form a friction reducing treatment solution.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for treating a downhole environment are provided. The method includes introducing a treatment solution containing a cyclic orthoester and brine into a wellbore within the downhole environment and hydrolyzing the cyclic orthoester to produce an acid within the downhole environment.

Abstract: Systems and methods for treating proppant to mitigate erosion of equipment used in certain subterranean fracturing operations are provided. In some embodiments, the methods comprise: conveying a plurality of coated proppant particulates into a blender, wherein the coated proppant particulates comprise at least a partial coating of DFR and/or a hydratable polymer; blending the plurality of coated proppant particulates with an aqueous base fluid in the blender to form a treatment fluid; and introducing the treatment fluid from the blender into at least a portion of a subterranean formation.

Abstract: Provided is an organic electroluminescent display device that further suppresses reflection of external light when viewed in an oblique direction; a phase difference film; and a circularly polarizing plate. This display device has an organic electroluminescent display panel, and a circularly polarizing plate arranged on the display panel, in which the circularly polarizing plate has a polarizer and a phase difference film, the phase difference film has, from a side of the polarizer, a negative A-plate, and a positive A-plate, the in-plane retardation of the negative A-plate at a wavelength of 550 nm is more than 50 nm and less than 90 nm, and the in-plane retardation of the positive A-plate at a wavelength of 550 nm is 100 to 200 nm, and the angle formed by the in-plane slow axis of the negative A-plate and the in-plane slow axis of the positive A-plate is 45°±10°.

Abstract: The present specification relates to a compound containing nitrogen, and a color conversion film, a backlight unit, and a display device, including the same.

Abstract: A composite comprising silica and a light- emitting polymer comprising a backbone and polar groups pendant from the backbone.

Abstract: Provided is a charge-transporting varnish comprising: a charge-transporting material such as an aniline derivative or a thiophene derivative; a fluorinated alkyl phosphate onium salt represented by the formula; and an organic solvent.

Abstract: A method for making a growing medium includes a step of combining tree bark and/or wood components together to form an initial composition; heating the initial composition to a temperature greater than about 149° C. under steam in a pressurized vessel; processing the initial composition through a refiner with a plurality of opposing disks to obtain the fibrous growing medium, the refiner separating fibers from each other; wherein the growing medium has total porosity of 88 volume % or more.

Abstract: A LC lens and a liquid-crystal medium used in said LC lens, wherein the medium contains one or more compounds of each of formulae I and II

Abstract: A liquid crystalline compound, a liquid crystal composition, and a liquid crystal display element are provided. The liquid crystalline compound satisfying at least one physical property among high stability against heat and light, high transparency, low minimum temperature of the liquid crystal phase, low viscosity, proper optical anisotropy, negatively large dielectric anisotropy, proper elastic constant, good compatibility with other liquid crystalline compounds at room temperature and low temperature. The liquid crystalline compound represented by formula (1).

Abstract: Disclosed are a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal display component. The liquid crystal composition comprises one or more compounds as represented by structural formula I-1 and/or one or more compounds as represented by structural formula I-2, one or more compounds as represented by structural formula II, and one or more compounds as represented by structural formula III: The liquid crystal display component includes the liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition has a lower viscosity, can achieve a fast response, and further has a moderate dielectric anisotropy ??, a moderate optical anisotropy ?n, and a high stability to heat and light. The liquid crystal display component including the liquid crystal composition has the characteristics of a broader nematic phase temperature range, a suitable birefringence anisotropy, a very high electrical resistivity, a good anti-ultraviolet property, a high charge retention ratio, and a fast response.

Abstract: A tunnel pyrolysis furnace has a body and at least one flaming device. The body has a chamber and multiple tubes. The multiple tubes are disposed around the chamber and have catalysts loaded inside. The at least one flaming device is disposed near the body, and is used to heat up the body. The multiple tubes absorb heat, so heat is concentrated around the chamber and that provides an effect of even heating. Therefore, the chamber may reach a temperature for pyrolysis in a short time.

Abstract: Processes and catalyst systems are disclosed for performing Fischer-Tropsch (FT) synthesis to produce C4+ hydrocarbons, such as gasoline boiling-range hydrocarbons and/or diesel boiling-range hydrocarbons. Advantageously, catalyst systems described herein have additional activity (beyond FT activity) for in situ hydroisomerization and/or hydrocracking of wax that is generated according to the distribution of hydrocarbons obtained from the FT synthesis reaction. This not only improves the yield of hydrocarbons (e.g., C4-19 hydrocarbons) that are useful for transportation fuels, but also allows for alternative reactor types, such as a fluidized bed reactor.

Abstract: Asphaltene may be effectively broken into smaller molecules by first elucidating the structure of the asphaltene and then developing a catalyst system based on the elucidated structure. The structure may be determined based on a series of analytical techniques including NMR, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, and LDI. The most probable structure is determined using computational methods based on quantum mechanics and classical molecular dynamics and the catalyst system is developed for the most probable structure.

Abstract: A method of catalytically cracking a petroleum hydrocarbon may include contacting a petroleum hydrocarbon feed with a catalyst to form an upgraded petroleum hydrocarbon. The catalyst may include oxidized iron, oxidized cobalt, and oxidized copper. Also discloses are methods for reducing the viscosity of a subterranean petroleum hydrocarbon by utilizing the presently disclosed catalysts.

Abstract: A process for producing natural gasoline. The process includes increasing the n-pentane concentration of debutanized natural gasoline. The process may include a first concentration process that includes distillation and a second concentration process that includes simulated moving bed adsorption.

Abstract: A continuous multi-stage vertically sequenced gasification process for conversion of solid carbonaceous fuel material into clean (low tar) syngas. The process involves forming a pyrolysis residue bed having a uniform depth and width to pass raw syngas there through for an endothermic reaction, while controlling the reduction zone pressure drop, resident time and syngas flow space velocity during the endothermic reaction to form substantially tar free syngas, to reduce carbon content in the pyrolysis residue, and to reduce the temperature of raw syngas as compared to the temperature of the partial oxidation zone.

Abstract: A coal pyrolysis process device, including a primary coal pyrolysis device and a secondary coal pyrolysis device, wherein a discharge port of the primary coal pyrolysis device communicates with a feed port of the secondary coal pyrolysis device. When coal is in the primary coal pyrolysis device, coal tar is extracted to the maximum extent, and then enters the secondary coal pyrolysis device. The coal continues to be heated and undergo pyrolysis at an upper portion of the secondary coal pyrolysis device, so that volatile matter of upgraded coal having undergone primary pyrolysis and upgrading are further reduced in the secondary coal pyrolysis device, and more gas is produced.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of optimization for continuous combustion systems, which reduces fuel consumption, exhaust emissions and particulate matter. The operating principle is based on the introduction of small amounts of hydrogen in the fuel intake duct of the system, or preferably along the continuous burning chamber, with the aim of optimizing the burning of traditional fuels, improving the parameters of the combustion reaction, the effect of the process in question will increase the temperature of the walls of the chamber, ensuring re-ignition and a more complete combustion and consequently reducing the required fuel flow feed. This optimized combustion will increase the combustion efficiency and reduce its environmental impact.

Abstract: In a method of producing a hydrocarbon-based synthetic fuel by adding water to a base oil, it is intended to increase a ratio of the synthetic fuel to a hydrocarbon-based fuel as the base oil, more significantly than ever before. Specifically, provided is a method of producing a hydrocarbon-based synthetic fuel oil having a volume greater than that of a hydrocarbon-based base fuel oil, by adding water to the hydrocarbon-based base fuel oil, wherein a first-order hydrocarbon-based synthetic fuel oil produced by the production method is used as a base fuel oil for producing a second-order hydrocarbon-based synthetic fuel oil, or this process is repeated plural times in sequence, thereby producing a hydrocarbon-based synthetic fuel having a high water addition rate.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure provide systems, apparatuses and methods for the use of deep vacuum for the regeneration of desiccant in compressed gas desiccant dryers. Through the use of a vacuum pump operably coupled to a gas dryer, the systems and methods described herein allow for a gas dryer system to reach a deep vacuum pressure, inducing liquid within the desiccant in a gas dryer tower to reach a boiling point induced by the low pressure and lower boiling point of water or liquid, allowing the water or liquid to change from a liquid to a gas. This phase change allows the liquid to separate from the desiccant. The vacuum pump is then able to remove or pull the vapor that has been released from the desiccant from the system.

Abstract: Processes are provided for the oxidative solubilization of metal-containing petroleum cokes in a basic aqueous solution, so as to segregate a solid metal-containing residue from a solubilized and demineralized organics fraction. Oxidation conditions are provided that optimize the yield of soluble partial oxidation products and minimize the generation of CO2. In some embodiments, a nanocrystalline copper tetrasilicate oxidation catalyst belonging to the Gillespite group of minerals may be used (Cuprorivaite (CaCuSi4O10), Wesselsite (SrCuSi4O10), Effenbergerite (BaCuSi4O10), or combinations thereof). The pH of the solubilized organics fraction may be reduced, under conditions that precipitate an upgraded carbonaceous material, in some embodiments comprising humic acid analogs, yielding a barren leachate solution.

Abstract: A lubricant composition with improved stability and tolerance for water hardness comprises a synthetic wax emulsion; an amine derivative; an emulsifier; and a sequestrant. The synthetic wax emulsion may include poly(ethyleneoxide)-based or poly(propyleneoxide)-based wax emulsions. The amine derivative may include alkyl C12-C14 oxy propyl diamine. The lubricant composition can be used for lubricating the passage of a container along a conveyor. The method includes applying the lubricant composition to at least a part of the container or the conveyor in an application cycle, where the application cycle includes a first period of time of dispensing the lubricant composition and a second period of time of not dispensing the lubricant composition.

Abstract: The invention provides a grease composition for lubrication of a sliding surface made of resin, including a fluorine-based base oil and a synthetic hydrocarbon oil as a base oil; a fluorine-based thickener, and a lithium soap thickener or a lithium complex soap thickener as a thickener; and an extreme pressure additive as an additive. The invention also provides a sliding member including a sliding surface made of a resin wherein the grease composition for lubrication is applied to the sliding surface made of a resin.

Abstract: A method for improving corrosion resistance, while maintaining or improving fuel efficiency, in an engine or other mechanical component lubricated with a lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition comprising a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one friction modifier having an elemental composition comprising one or more of nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), and phosphorus (P), as a minor component. The formulated oil has a corrosion factor, based on the elemental composition of the at least one friction modifier, of less than 500, as determined by the formula: 12900(N wt %)+3967(O wt %)?8524(P wt %)?250=corrosion factor. The lubricating oils are useful as passenger vehicle engine oils (PVEO) and commercial vehicle engine oils (CVEO).

Abstract: Disclosed is a lubricating oil composition comprising: a lubricating base oil comprising 0.5% to 70% by mass of an ester base oil based on the total amount of the lubricating base oil, and having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 18 to 28 mm2/s; and an organic molybdenum compound in an amount of 100 to 1000 mass ppm in terms of the molybdenum element based on the total amount of the lubricating oil composition, wherein the lubricating oil composition has a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 50 mm2/s or less.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition including: a lubricating base oil; (A) a dispersant poly(meth)acrylate compound having a weight average molecular weight of 30,000 to 200,000 in an amount of 1 to 10 mass % on the basis of the total mass of the composition; and (B) a non-dispersant poly(meth)acrylate compound having a weight average molecular weight of 15,000 to 100,000 in an amount of no more than 15 mass % on the basis of the total mass of the composition, wherein the ratio MA/MB of the amount MA of the component (A) to the amount MB of the component (B) is 0.05 to 1; and the ratio MwB/MwA of the weight average molecular weight MwB of the component (B) to the weight average molecular weight MwA of the component (A) is 0.05 to 2.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for the enzymatic degumming of unrefined triglyceride oils, said process comprising: a) providing an unrefined triglyceride oil having a phosphorus content of at least 100 mg per kg of unrefined triglyceride oil; b) combining the unrefined triglyceride oil with water, lactic acid and enzyme to produce an oil-and-water emulsion, said enzyme being selected from phospholipase, lipid acyltransferase and combinations thereof; c) keeping the emulsion at a temperature of 20-90° C. for at least 10 minutes; and d) separating degummed triglyceride oil from the emulsion. This enzymatic degumming process is extremely effective in removing phospholipids, including non-hydratable phospholipids (NHP), from crude and other unrefined vegetable oils.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of shelf stable dry particles that include flavours or fragrances, in which an emulsion of the flavour or fragrance, an emulsifier of a natural extract containing saponins, water and a carbohydrate carrier system is spray-dried. Also provided are shelf stable dry particles and products containing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the virus inactivation of a preparation of monoclonal antibodies, characterised in that it comprises a step of bringing the monoclonal antibody preparation into contact with a non-ionic detergent, said step being carried out while stirring in a disposable flexible pouch which can receive and contain the monoclonal antibody preparation.

Abstract: Hard surface rinse aid compositions incorporating surfactant systems compatible with plastics and plastics containing metals, such as aluminum, are disclosed. The hard surface rinse aid compositions are particularly well suited for use in high concentrations at low temperatures without causing foaming and/or debris or film on the treated surface. In particular, the plastic and aluminum-compatible hard surface rinse aid compositions containing a surfactant system combining nonionic alcohol alkoxylates and a polymer surfactant can be used in treating hard surfaces requiring good sheeting, wetting and drying properties. The methods are particularly well suited for rinsing automotive parts, including those needing painting.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to detergent compositions that comprise renewable components and exhibit good performance, as compared to both traditional detergent formulations that contain non-renewable ingredients and known detergent formulations that contain renewable components.

Abstract: The proposed cluster of inventions relates to chemical industry, in particular to compositions of and additives in detergents designed for household, professional or personal use, to be used at home or industrially. The essence of this cluster of inventions lays in the use of polysaccharide microgels as an additive or the base in detergents, in particular as an antiresorption agent, thickener, or an agent for reducing surface tension at the interphase boundary, including also composition of detergents with polysaccharide microgels. The technological result of the application of these inventions is reduction of the quantity of surfactants in the detergent, while its detergency is no affected, which raises their ecological value and safety for the final users.

Abstract: A composition comprising: (a) a leuco composition; and (b) a stabilizing amount of an antioxidant composition. The antioxidant composition comprises at least one sterically hindered phenol and at least one substituted diarylamine, and the mole ratio of the hindered phenol to the substituted diarylamine is greater than 1:1. In another embodiment, a composition comprises (a) a leuco composition and (b) an antioxidant composition; and optionally (c) a solvent composition. The combined mass of the leuco compounds and antioxidants present in the composition is 10% or more of the total mass of the composition, and (b) the molar ratio of antioxidants present in the composition to leuco compounds present in the composition is greater than 1:1.

Abstract: This invention provides a cleaning agent composition that exhibits good storage stability, especially storage stability at low temperature, and a cleaning agent composition that can be favorably dispensed from a dispenser. The cleaning agent composition of the present invention comprises (a) a fatty acid salt and (b) a sophorose lipid, wherein the proportion of the component (a) is 4 to 18 mass % based on the cleaning agent composition taken as 100 mass %; the proportion of a fatty acid salt having 12 or fewer carbon atoms is 15 parts by mass or more, and the proportion of a fatty acid salt having 16 or more carbon atoms is 60 parts by mass or less, based on 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the component (a); the proportion of an acidic sophorose lipid is 80 mass % or more based on the total amount of the component (b) taken as 100 mass %; and the proportion of the component (b) is 5 to 80 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the total amount of the component (a).

Abstract: The present invention provides polypeptides having DNase activity and polynucleotides encoding the polypeptides. The invention also provides nucleic acid constructs, vectors, and host cells comprising the polynucleotides as well as methods of producing and using the polypeptides.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions such as cleaning compositions comprising a mix of enzymes. The invention further relates, use of compositions comprising such enzymes in cleaning processes and/or for deep cleaning of organic soiling, methods for removal or reduction of components of organic matter.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method for laundering a textile, the use of a polypeptide having DNase activity and a detergent composition comprising a polypeptide having deoxyribonuclease (DNase) activity.

Abstract: An alkaline liquid cleaning composition is provided, the cleaning composition including a liquid medium having hydrogen peroxide, water, and nanoparticles dispersed in the liquid medium. The nanoparticles are insoluble in the liquid medium and exhibit an overall negative charge at the particle-liquid interface. The nanoparticles can be nanosilicates.

Abstract: A laundry care composition comprising: (a) at least one laundry care ingredient, (b) a leuco composition; (c) a stabilizing amount of an antioxidant composition which comprises at least one phenol selected from the group consisting of alkylated phenol, hindered phenol, and mixtures thereof and at least one substituted diarylamine, wherein the mole ratio of the phenol to the substituted diarylamine is greater than 1:1.

Abstract: A cleaning solution, composition, and portable cleaner are provided that is all natural, safe, non-toxic, edible, anti-bacterial, anti-microbial, deodorizing, and further includes a pleasant fragrance and taste. In addition, the cleaning composition can be free from sugar, alcohol, surfactants, and other harmful or harsh ingredients. In addition, the cleaning composition allows for quick cleaning of any type of object that may be placed in the mouth, such as pacifiers, toys, candy, eating utensils, musical instruments, and mouth-pieces, among others.

Abstract: An automotive surface is cleaned by applying an effective amount of a cleaning composition comprising a) at least one hydrocarbon solvent in an amount from about 3 weight percent to about 20 weight percent of the composition, b) at least one thickener/rheology modifier in an amount from about 0.01 weight percent to about 3 weight percent, c) at least one silicone fluid has a viscosity ranging from about 500 to about 20,000 centistokes at 25° C., present in an amount from about 0.1 weight percent to about 3 weight percent, d) at least one wetting agent in an amount from about 0.001 to about 2%, e) at least one hydrophobic additive in an amount from about 0.1 to about 3%, and f) water in an amount from about 60 weight percent to about 85 weight percent to the automotive surface with an application implement.

Abstract: A polycarbonate headlight lens cleaning and restoring kit has a lens cleaning composition, an applicator wipe; and a lens restoring composition comprising a coating component. The polycarbonate cleaning composition contains only liquid components and is free of water. The cleaning composition has a first solvent that softens a Control Polycarbonate Substrate and has a flash point of from ?58 F to 220 F; and a second solvent that does not soften a Control Polycarbonate Substrate. The first solvent and the second solvent are present in an amount effective to substantially remove discoloring contaminants from a polycarbonate headlight lens and the polycarbonate lens, and also in an amount so that, after removal of the discoloring contaminants, the polycarbonate headlight lens can be restored to a clear condition. A method of cleaning and restoring a polycarbonate headlight lens that is at least partially discolored from discoloring contaminants is also provided.

Abstract: A microelectronic device (semiconductor substrate) cleaning composition is provided that comprises water; oxalic acid, and two or more corrosion inhibitors and methods of using the same.

Abstract: Described herein is a household care composition, which delivers active agents onto fabric or hard surfaces, in the form of a water-soluble unit dose article comprising a water-soluble fibrous structure and one or more particles, as well as methods for making the same.

Abstract: Described herein is a process of laundering fabrics using a household care composition, which delivers active agents onto fabric or hard surfaces while modifying the pH of the wash liquor to greater than 8.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a beer-taste beverage having a malt ratio in materials of 66.6% by mass or less, a protein content greater than 0.31 g/100 ml, and a sugars content of 2.5 g/100 ml or less.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for exposing an algal solution to light, for a photobioreactor, this exposure device including a flat support including at least one opening capable of holding at least one shaft, the shaft being made of a liquid-tight, translucent or even transparent flexible material, and including an open end capable of holding a sleeve, the sleeve being translucent, or even transparent, and arranged to seal and attach the shaft to the support. The exposure device has positive floatability in water. Also disclosed is a photobioreactor equipped with such a device and a start-up method for such a photobioreactor.

Abstract: Bioreactors and methods for cultivating microalgae using fruit wastewater are provided herein. The bioreactor and methods include features and modifications to improve heterotrophic growth efficiency by providing a light signal.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a method of manufacturing a large number of uniform cell structures for a short period of time. According to the present invention, provided is a method of manufacturing a cell structure, including: a step of adding a mixture of biocompatible macromolecular blocks, cells, and a liquid medium to a first culture container having a culture surface on which the plurality of recessed portions are formed and a side wall part standing on an outer periphery of the culture surface such that a liquid surface of the mixture is over the culture surface; a step of allowing a first culture container to stand and forming a cell structure in the recessed portion; and a step of stirring and culturing a content of the first culture container in a second culture container including stirring means.