Abstract: An apparatus for supplying a welding tip of a welder and an apparatus for replacing the same include a fixed bracket secured to a support. The apparatus includes an actuator coupled to the fixed bracket and a first moving member moved by the actuator. A second moving member is coupled to the first moving member and hingedly coupled to the fixed bracket. A third moving member is hingedly coupled to the second moving member. A first welding tip removal member is coupled to the third moving member to separate a welding tip coupled to a shank. A fourth moving member is disposed opposite to the first moving member. A fifth moving member is coupled to the fourth moving member and hingedly coupled to the fixed bracket. A sixth moving member is coupled to the fifth moving member. A second welding tip removal member is coupled to the sixth moving member.

Abstract: Abstract: An apparatus for supplying a welding tip of a welder and an apparatus for replacing the same include a fixed bracket secured to a support. The apparatus includes an actuator coupled to the fixed bracket and a first moving member moved by the actuator. A second moving member is coupled to the first moving member and hingedly coupled to the fixed bracket. A third moving member is hingedly coupled to the second moving member. A first welding tip removal member is coupled to the third moving member to separate a welding tip coupled to a shank. A fourth moving member is disposed opposite to the first moving member. A fifth moving member is coupled to the fourth moving member and hingedly coupled to the fixed bracket. A sixth moving member is coupled to the fifth moving member. A second welding tip removal member is coupled to the sixth moving member.

Abstract: Described are enclosures that include a friction stir weld, including electronic device enclosures, and precursors thereof, that contain a base and a cover that in an assembled condition form a joint at which a friction stir weld can be produced, as well as methods for producing a friction stir weld at a joint of such an assembly.

Abstract: A programmable exothermic reaction controller includes input/output control circuitry for inputting and outputting information to/from the controller, processing circuitry including user programmable parameters, wherein the parameters are programmable using the input/output control circuitry and an output connector connectable to an ignitor cable.

Abstract: In a control device for a laser machining apparatus including a plurality of lasers and a plurality of scanners which respectively scans laser beams outputted from the plurality of lasers, the control device includes: a laser control unit which controls the plurality of lasers, in which the laser control unit includes: a machining program analysis unit which analyzes a machining program, and generates a machining condition command for setting a machining condition of the plurality of lasers, a storage unit which stores machining condition information in which a plurality of the machining conditions and a plurality of the machining condition commands are respectively associated, and a plurality of machining condition reading units which references the machining condition information and reads a machining condition corresponding to a machining condition command analyzed by the machining program analysis unit, and sets the machining condition which was read in a laser of a control target.

Abstract: A method is provided for identifying joining positions of workpieces. A laser machining head includes a housing through which a work laser beam path is guided. A device for carrying out the method for identifying joining positions of workpieces includes: a camera for capturing images of a joint of workpieces, the viewing beam path of which is coupled coaxially into the work laser beam path; and an illumination device, the illumination beam path of which is coupled coaxially into the viewing beam path and into the work laser beam path. In the method, images of a joint are captured by a camera, and from the images of the joint measurement data for the joining positions is determined. The measurement data is associated with the course of the joint. A model of the course of the joint is determined from a part of the measurement data, the model providing a measurement curve which is output for controlling a joining process and/or for determining additional quality characteristics.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an apparatus for additively manufacturing a product in a layer-by-layer sequence, wherein the product is formed using powder particles deposited on an interface layer of a substrate. A laser generates first and second beam components, where the second beam component has a substantially higher power level and a substantially shorter duration than the first beam component. A mask is used to create a 2D optical pattern in which only select portions of the first and second beam components are allowed to irradiate the powdered particles. The first beam component heats the powder particles at least to substantially a melting point, at which point the particles begin to experience surface tension forces relative to the interface layer.

Abstract: This invention relates to a device for rapid focus control of one or more lasers. The controlled beam (5), is refracted by the dynamic refraction device (1) whose refractive index is set by its response to the control beam (3). The invention can be used for rapid focus and re-focus of a laser on a target as might be useful in such industries as flat panel television manufacturing, fuel injector nozzle manufacture, laser material processing/machining, laser scanning and indirect drive inertial confinement fusion.

Abstract: The invention describes a method for engraving, marking and/or inscribing a workpiece (7) using a laser plotter (2). In said method, in a housing (3) of the laser plotter (2), one, preferably more, in particular two laser sources (4) in the form of lasers (5, 6) have an effect preferably alternating on the workpiece (7) to be processed. The workpiece (7) is laid in a defined manner on a processing table (9) and a laser beam (10) emitted from the beam source (4) is transmitted to at least one focusing unit (12) via deflection elements (11) and the laser beam (10) is diverted toward the workpiece (7) and focused for processing. The workpiece (7), in particular the position of the work piece in relation to the laser beam (1), is controlled by means of software running in a control unit (13), such that the workpiece (7) is processed line by line by the displacement of a carriage (21).

Abstract: A method produces a component assembly, in which a first component and a second component are welded together, forming a front fillet weld. To reduce susceptibility to corrosion, a connection region to be smoothed, which includes the front fillet weld and component sections adjacent thereto on both sides, is melted, at least on the surface, such that the surface in the smoothed region extends continuously and the transition to adjacent unsmoothed regions is edge-free, and impurities are eliminated.

Abstract: A steel welding component with an aluminum or aluminum alloy coating, using a steel welding blank with an aluminum or aluminum alloy coating. The welding blank is composed of a steel substrate (1) and coatings (2, 2?); the coating (2) comprises an intermetallic compound alloy layer (21) which contacts the substrate (1), and a metal alloy layer (22) on the intermetallic compound alloy layer (21); on at least one of the coating surfaces of the welding blank, the coating (2) within an area (3) to be welded of the welding blank has been totally removed, and an end face (23) of the coating (2) on the side of the coating within the area (3) to be welded removed has an angle of ? with a plane vertical to a surface (11) of the substrate (1) which is parallel to the welding seam, wherein ? is 0-80°. Also provided are welding and preparation methods for the steel welding component.

Abstract: A control device for a laser machining apparatus includes: a plurality of lasers, and a plurality of scanners which respectively scan laser beams outputted from the plurality of lasers, and a scanner control unit which controls the plurality of scanners, in which the scanner control unit synchronously controls the plurality of scanners by generating information indicating a movement amount of a focal point or center of a laser beam based on a machining program, and controlling the plurality of scanners based on the information indicating the movement amount of the focal point or center of the laser.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing system may include a build surface, one or more laser energy sources, and an optics assembly. Exposure of a layer of material on the build surface to laser energy from the optics assembly melts at least a portion of the layer of material. A gas flow head is coupled to the optics assembly and defines a partially enclosed volume between the optics assembly and the build surface. The gas flow head includes a gas inflow through which a supply gas flows into the gas flow head, a gas outflow through which a return gas flows out of the gas flow head, and an aperture arranged to permit transmission of the laser energy through the gas flow head to the build surface. The supply gas and return gas define a gas flow profile within the gas flow head.

Abstract: Systems and methods for producing a textured pattern on a surface of a part using a laser. The part or laser may be rotated while forming the textured pattern to create a continuous textured pattern on a surface of a part. The continuous textured pattern may be substantially uniform over the entire pattern. A laser texturing system may also include an optical scanner. A first region of the surface of the part may be scanned using a first laser beam. One or more laser texturing parameters or a simulated geometric model may be created based on the scan of the first region. The textured pattern may be formed on the first region using a second laser beam. The textured pattern may be formed in accordance with the one or more laser texturing parameters or simulated geometric model.

Abstract: Vision correction and tracking systems may be used in laser machining systems and methods to improve the accuracy of the machining. The laser machining systems and methods may be used to scribe one or more lines in large flat workpieces such as solar panels. In particular, laser machining systems and methods may be used to scribe lines in thin film photovoltaic (PV) solar panels with accuracy, high speed and reduced cost. The vision correction and/or tracking systems may be used to provide scribe line alignment and uniformity based on detected parameters of the scribe lines and/or changes in the workpiece.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method to produce a metal blank with a predetermined contour, with the following steps: continuously moving the metal strip in a transport direction x; concurrently removing material from the surface of a top of a metal strip in at least one predetermined surface section by ablation by means of a first laser that is a component of a first removal device, and then concurrently cutting the metal strip along a cutting path corresponding to the contour of the metal blank by means of at least one second laser that is a component of a cutting device provided downstream of the first removal device; the surface section of an upstream metal blank being produced simultaneously with the cutting of a downstream metal blank.

Abstract: A cutting device for cutting a composite material includes a carrier module and a laser generating module. The carrier module is used for carrying the composite material. The laser generating module is used for providing a laser beam. The laser generating module includes a laser scanning writer for providing a laser source, and a laser path adjuster located on a scanning path of the laser source. The laser path adjuster adjusts the scanning path of the laser beam or the carrier module carries the composite material to move, so that a cutting area formed by projecting the laser beam onto the composite material is offset parallel.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a device and a method for laser-based separation of a transparent, brittle workpiece, comprising a laser that emits a laser beam having an intensity (IL) along an optical axis (P), and an optical device. The optical device has at least one one-piece double axicon. The double axicon has an entrance surface and the optical device has an exit surface. The entrance surface is such that in the double axicon, a ring beam is formed. The intensity (IL) in the double axicon is lower than the threshold intensity (IS) of the material of the double axicon. The exit surface is such that a line focus having a maximum intensity (Imax) and a length (LT) is generated in the direction of the laser beam behind the exit.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for arc-welding a steel plate having a C content of 0.08-0.30% by mass, wherein the arc welding method comprises welding under a condition whereby X represented by formula (1) is 200 or less using a welding wire in which the total content of Cr and Ni thereof is 1.00% by mass or greater. (1): X=0.8×(300-279[C]W-25[Si]W-35[Mn]W-49[Ni]W-47[Cr]W-61[Mo]W) +0.2×(300-279[C]BM-25[Si]BM-35[Mn]BM-49[Ni]BM-47[Cr]BM-61[Mo]BM) (where [C]W, [Si]W, [Mn]W, [Ni]W, [Cr]W, [Mo]W, [C]BM, [Si]BM, [Mn]BM, [Ni]BM, [Cr]BM, and [Mo]BM are defined in the specification).

Abstract: A bonding member (10) includes surface-processed silver surfaces (11a, 11b).

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing poppet valves, the method including: cross-wedge rolling a preform (2), which has at least one disk portion (4) and a shaft portion, to produce a valve blank (10), wherein a diameter of the shaft portion (6) is reduced substantially to a shaft diameter of a shaft (16), and additionally a length of the shaft portion (6) is increased substantially to a length of the shaft (16) by means of a rolling-out process.

Abstract: A double-row slot plunge milling processing method for integral impellers, which comprises planning a double-row plunge milling cutter path along two side blades of an impeller flow channel; a cutter arrangement sequence of the cutter path following the direction of an inlet and outlet of the flow channel; determining cutter diameter according to the width of a bottom portion of a cross-section of the flow channel and segmenting the flow channel, the width of a bottom portion of the cross-section of each segmented flow channel being greater than one times the cutter diameter and smaller than two times the cutter diameter. Compared with existing methods for layer cutting of high feed, the present invention can increase rough-processing efficiency of integral impellers by more than 50%, while facilitating the elimination of plunge milling cutter bumping, and effectively reducing redundant cutter paths; the implementation process being simple and facilitating CAM software integration.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments are directed to equipment cabinets for customized improved cable management and airflow management. The equipment cabinets include a frame structure. The frame structure includes a top frame assembly and a bottom frame assembly. In some embodiments, the equipment cabinets include a chimney assembly. In some embodiments, the equipment cabinets include a slidable vertical rail. In some embodiments, the equipment cabinets include a rotatable top panel. In some embodiments, the equipment cabinets include a condition monitoring assembly. In some embodiments, the equipment cabinets include a reinforced corner construction. In some embodiments, the equipment cabinets include divider panels capable of being split. Embodiments are also directed to methods of equipment cabinet assembly.

Abstract: A machining center configured for machining workpieces includes at least one column, a beam, at least one slider, a first driving member, a second driving member, a first main shaft and a second main shaft. The column can be configured for supporting the beam. The slider can be disposed on the beam and slidable along a length direction of the beam. Both the first main shaft and the second main shaft can be arranged on the slider and located on two opposite sides of the beam. The first driving member can be configured for driving the slider to slide relative to the beam. The second driving member can be configured for driving the first main shaft and the second main shaft to operate. The first main shaft and the second main shaft can be configured for synchronously or asynchronously machining the workpieces.

Abstract: The invention relates to a downdraft table (1) having a workpiece holder (2) for a workpiece to be held, wherein the workpiece holder (2) is configured in a stationary manner, wherein a suction-extraction device (3) is arranged beneath and/or next to the workpiece holder (2), said suction-extraction device (3) being used to discharge particles and/or gases downward in a waste air flow, wherein the suction-extraction device (3) is arranged around the workpiece holder (2) with respect to the latter and is configured to be rotatable about the workpiece holder (2).

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a clamping device in which replacement work is easy and hydraulic hoses do not need to be laid between a body of the clamping device body and a pressurization device. The present invention is a clamping device in which a pressurization device (4) is configured from a plunger cylinder unit (5) that accommodates a pressure medium (M) provided in a body part (1), a plunger unit (6) that moves through the interior of the plunger cylinder unit (5) and pressurizes the pressure medium (M), and a manual operation part (7) for operating the movement of the plunger unit (6). A clamp part (3) is detachably and replaceably provided to the body part (1).

Abstract: A spindle device includes a cover member. The cover member has, formed therein, a gas flow path configured to flow a compressed gas for providing sealing between a chuck portion as a rotating member and the cover member and sealing between the chuck portion and the spindle housing. The gas flow path includes a first conduit configured to communicate the outside of the cover member and a second conduit configured to allow the first conduit to communicate with a gap between the chuck portion and the spindle housing, the second conduit being larger than the outlet of the first conduit. The outlet of the second conduit faces a surface of the spindle housing.

Abstract: Provided is a chuck device that allows appropriate and easy setting of a discharging direction of working fluid. A chuck device configured to be attached to a spindle of a machine tool for gripping a cutting tool, in which inside the chuck device, there are provided a passage in which a working fluid flows and a discharge opening provided at a leading end opening of the passage through which the working fluid is discharged toward to the cutting tool. A discharging direction of the working fluid from the discharge opening is set opposite to a rotational direction of the cutting tool and set with a tilt of an angle calculated by a mathematical formula to a tangential direction of a rotation trajectory of the center of the discharge opening relative to a direction of an axis of the cutting tool.

Abstract: A minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) system includes a controller, a lubricant module coupled to a tool spindle of a machining apparatus, and a pneumatic module coupled to the spindle. The lubricant module is configured to supply lubricant at pressure to the tool, as controlled by the controller. Likewise, the pneumatic module is configured to supply pressurized air to the tool, as controlled by the controller. The controller is configured to direct the lubricant module to supply lubricant prior to the controller receiving a START signal from a machine tool controller. Optionally, the lubricant pressure level is predetermined based on known characteristics of the tool that is coupled to the spindle. Optionally, the START signal is anticipated by referring to a signature/profile of the operational steps of a machining process where a timeline or time table of lubrication request intervals are identified.

Abstract: In a spindle device, a cover member covers a surface of a flange portion on the front side of the spindle shaft, the flange portion projecting radially outward from the outer peripheral surface of the spindle housing, and the outer peripheral surface of the spindle housing extending from the surface of the flange portion toward the front of the spindle shaft. In the cover member, a flow path for allowing a coolant to flow therethrough is formed.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for supporting and severing an object of interest is described and which includes a frame for positioning an object of interest which is to be severed; a cutting device which is selectively mounted in spaced relation relative to the frame; a multiplicity of orientation units mounted on the frame and which are adjustable, as to length, to maintain the object of interest in a predetermined orientation while being severed; and a controller operably coupled to each of the cutting device, and orientation units, so as to effect an optimal severing of the object of interest while maintaining the object of interest in a given planar orientation on the frame.

Abstract: An apparatus for CMP includes a platen, a wafer carrier retaining a semiconductor wafer during a polishing operation, a dress configured to recondition a polishing pad disposed on the platen during the polishing operation, and a vibration-monitoring system configured to detect vibrations during the polishing operation. The vibration-monitoring system includes a first vibration sensor configured to generate a plurality of first vibration signals. An end point is triggered to the polishing when a change between the plurality of vibration signals reaches a value.

Abstract: Semiconductor wafers are polished on both sides between polishing pads of a Shore A hardness of at least 80 and a compressibility of less than 3%, attached to upper and lower polishing plates, the polishing pads attached to the upper and lower polishing plates by bonding the polishing pads to the plates, and positioning an intermediate pad having a compressibility of at least 3% between the two bonded polishing pads as an intermediate layer and then pressing together the two polishing pads with the intermediate pad situated therebetween for a period of time.

Abstract: Provided is a method of double-side polishing a semiconductor wafer, which can suppress variation in the polishing quality by providing for changes in the polishing environment during polishing.

Abstract: Provided herein are polishing pads in which microcapsules that include a polymer material and are dispersed, as well as methods of making and using the same. Such microcapsules are configured to break open (e.g., when the polishing pad is damaged during the dressing process), which releases the polymer material. When contacted with ultraviolet light the polymer material at least partially cures, healing the damage to the polishing pad. Such polishing pads have a longer lifetime and a more stable remove rate when compared to standard polishing pads.

Abstract: An object of the present disclosure is to provide an abrasive pad that is superior in abrading performance and abrasive slurry discharging properties. An abrasive pad having an abrading part and a groove part on an abrasive surface is provided in which a surface of the groove part has a non-foamed part, and a foamed part is exposed on a surface of the abrading part.

Abstract: According to one embodiment, there is provided a top ring for holding a substrate. The top ring comprises a substrate supporting surface, a retainer member disposed to surround an outer periphery of the substrate supporting surface, and a retainer guiding device configured to guide the retainer member so as to allow the retainer member to be displaced in a direction perpendicular to the substrate supporting surface, and support the retainer member so as to inhibit the retainer member from being displaced in a direction parallel to and away from the substrate supporting surface. The retainer guiding device is disposed in an inner side of the retainer member surrounding the substrate supporting surface.

Abstract: Provided is a jig for assisting the dismounting and mounting of a top ring. One embodiment provides a jig for mounting/dismounting at least a part of the top ring for holding a substrate. The jig comprises a movable plate for supporting at least a part of the top ring, which is in a dismounted state, a plurality of posts for positioning the jig at a predetermined position relative to the top ring, the plurality of posts being configured to be engaged with the top ring, and a drive mechanism for moving the movable plate in a direction toward and away from the top ring.

Abstract: A quick clamping device for a portable power tool includes at least one rotatably drivable output shaft, at least one clamping unit, at least one operating unit, and at least one uncoupling unit. The clamping unit, for tool-free fastening of an insert tool unit to the output shaft, includes at least one movably mounted clamping element for applying clamping force to the insert tool unit in a clamping position of the clamping element. The operating unit is configured to move the clamping element into the clamping position and/or into a release position of the clamping element. In the release position, the insert tool unit can be removed from the clamping unit. The at least one uncoupling unit is configured to uncouple the operating unit from the clamping unit in accordance with the rotational speed of the output shaft.

Abstract: An abrasive article can include a wear detection sensor embedded within the abrasive body or extending along an exterior surface of the abrasive body. The wear detection sensor can include at least one conductive lead and be designed to create one or more wear signals corresponding to the wear stage of the abrasive body. The at least one conductive lead can be coupled to a logic device, which may control the wear detection sensor and register the wear signal(s).

Abstract: The present disclosure describes a method and apparatus to remove consumable (e.g., sacrificial) polishing pad layers from a multilayer polishing pad. For example, the method includes measuring a thickness profile of a top polishing pad layer of a multilayer polishing pad and comparing the thickness profile to a threshold. The method, in response to the thickness profile being above the threshold, rinses the top polishing pad layer of the multilayer polishing pad and removes, after the top polishing pad layer has been rinsed, the top polishing pad layer to expose an underlying polishing pad layer of the multilayer polishing pad.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for polishing an object to be polished using a polishing pad having a polishing surface, the apparatus including a polishing table for supporting the polishing pad, the polishing table being configured to be rotatable, a substrate holding unit configured to hold the object to be polished and pressing the object to be polished against the polishing pad, and a polishing-liquid removing unit configured to remove polishing liquid from the polishing surface. The polishing-liquid removing unit includes a rinse unit configured to jet cleaning liquid onto the polishing surface and a sucking unit configured to suck the polishing liquid on the polishing surface onto which the cleaning liquid is jetted. The rinse unit includes a cleaning space surrounded by a sidewall. The sidewall includes an opening section for opening the cleaning space toward a radial direction outer side of the polishing table.

Abstract: A coupling mechanism capable of preventing vibration of a rotating body from occurring due to a lower-bearing friction torque is disclosed. The coupling mechanism includes an upper spherical bearing and a lower spherical bearing disposed between a drive shaft and a rotating body. The upper spherical bearing has a first concave contact surface and a second convex contact surface, and the lower spherical bearing has a third concave contact surface and a fourth convex contact surface. The first concave contact surface, the second convex contact surface, the third concave contact surface, and the fourth convex contact surface are arranged concentrically.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to reduce an amount of use of the polishing liquid. There is provided an apparatus for polishing an object to be polished using a polishing pad having a polishing surface, the apparatus including: a polishing table for supporting the polishing pad, the polishing table being configured to be rotatable; a substrate holding unit configured to hold the object to be polished and press the object against the polishing pad; a supplying device for supplying polishing liquid to the polishing surface in a state in which the supplying device is pressed against the polishing pad; and a pressing mechanism configured to press the supplying device against the polishing pad, in which the pressing mechanism is capable of respectively adjusting pressing forces for pressing the sidewalls of on the upstream side and the downstream side of the supplying device against the polishing surface.

Abstract: A pair of pliers includes a first clamping member and a second clamping member pivotally connected together. Front ends of the first and second clamping members respectively include first and second clamping sides for clamping an object therebetween. The first and second clamping sides are disposed adjacent to each other and face oppositely. The second clamping side has a first clamping portion which defines a clamping recess which extends transversely to a longitudinal direction of the second clamping side. The clamping recess has opposite first and second sides. The clamping recess has a serrated bottom side. The serrated bottom side includes a first high tooth and at least one tooth. The first high tooth has a greater depth than the at least one tooth. Tips of the first high tooth and the at least one tooth extend longitudinally between the first and second sides of the clamping recess.

Abstract: A quick clamping positioning device has a main body, a fixture block protruding therefrom and chucked in a chucking slot. The main body has a shoulder on both sides of the fixture block, a manipulation piece, a fastening piece fixed to the manipulation piece and corresponding to the top surface of the fixture block. The fastening piece has a major and a minor axis, wherein the major axis is shorter than the length of a chucking slot, and the minor axis is shorter than the width of the chucking slot, wherein the chucking slot is formed in an object. The fastening piece penetrates through the chucking slot and is held in a holding space. The fastening piece is driven by the manipulation piece to rotate at a specific rotation angle against the main body, and to clamp the parts on both sides of the chucking slot with the two shoulders.

Abstract: A screw bit body which allows for efficient torque force application onto a socket fastener. The screw bit body includes a plurality of laterally-bracing sidewalls, a first base, and a second base. The laterally-bracing sidewalls are radially distributed about a rotation axis of the screw bit body with each further including a first lateral edge, a second lateral edge, a bracing surface, and an engagement cavity. The engagement cavity creates a gripping point to prevent slippage in between the screw bit body and the socket fastener. The engagement cavity traverses normal and into the concave surface and the convex surface. The engagement cavity includes an angled driving portion and a concave portion. The angled driving portion is positioned adjacent to the first lateral edge with the concave portion being positioned opposite to the first lateral edge, across the angled driving portion.

Abstract: A powered ratchet tool includes a housing, an output member having a toothed surface, and a drive mechanism for driving the output member. The drive mechanism includes a yoke in which the output member is arranged. A first pawl is in the yoke and is biased toward the toothed surface of the output member and a second pawl is in the yoke and is biased toward the toothed surface of the output member. A selection ring having a circumferential wall is arranged between the yoke and the toothed surface of the output member. The circumferential wall has a first window and a second window and the selection ring is moveable between a first position and a second position.

Abstract: Illustrative embodiments of ratchet tools are disclosed. In one embodiment, a ratchet tool may comprise a handle extending along a handle axis and housing a motor, a head coupled to the handle at a first end of the handle, the head supporting an output shaft configured to be driven by the motor to rotate about an output axis, the output axis being substantially perpendicular to the handle axis, a ratchet mechanism coupled between the handle and the output shaft, the ratchet mechanism configured to restrict rotation of the output shaft in a first direction and to allow rotation of the output shaft in a second direction opposite the first direction, and a direction control configured to switch the first direction associated with the ratchet mechanism between a clockwise and a counterclockwise direction, the direction control being coupled to the handle and spaced apart from the head along the handle axis.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods and systems an impact wrench having dynamically tuned drive components, such as an anvil/socket combination, and related methodology for dynamically tuning the drive components in view of inertia displacement, as well as stiffness between coupled components, and with regard to impact timing associated with clearance gaps between the component parts.