Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method of making molten glass. The apparatus includes a vessel for conveying the molten glass and at least one flange configured to supply an electric current to the vessel through the flange, the flange including a first ring extending completely around the vessel in a closed loop, the first ring comprising a first portion including a first thickness and a second portion including a second thickness different from the first thickness, wherein the first portion and the second portion overlap in a plane of the flange such that at least a portion of the first portion is positioned between at least a portion of the second portion and the vessel wall, and neither the first portion nor the second portion extends completely around the vessel. Also disclosed is a method of making glass using the disclosed flange.

Abstract: A glass forming apparatus includes a glass delivery vessel, a forming body with a forming body inlet and a downcomer (48) between the glass delivery vessel and the forming body. The downcomer includes a downcomer tube (100) with an inlet end (110) for receiving molten glass from the glass delivery vessel and an outlet end (109) for discharging molten glass to the forming body inlet. An upper heating zone (110) and a lower heating zone (150) positioned downstream from the upper heating zone (110) encircle the downcomer tube and a lower controlled atmosphere enclosure (155) is positioned around and sealed to the downcomer tube (100) in the lower heating zone (150). The lower controlled atmosphere enclosure (155) includes at least one heating element (156) for heating molten glass flowing through the downcomer tube within the forming body inlet.

Abstract: A mold and neck ring cooling system for a glass molding machine is characterized by a cooling air guide, in which separate and in particular independently switchable air guides for a neck ring cooling section—and a mold cooling section are provided. Here, a cooling piece serving the cooling air feed in the mold is connected to a station box via a cooling channel which is articulated on both sides and slidably connected on one side for length compensation, wherein the height position of the cooling piece is constant relative to the station box. A cooling structure intended for the neck ring cooling section is adjustable in its height in relation to the station box by means of a drive. All valves and bearing points are arranged protected against an environmental influence of a glassworks containing abrasive substances.

Abstract: An apparatus can include a wedge including a pair of inclined surface portions converging along a downstream direction to form a root of the wedge. The apparatus can further include an edge director intersecting with at least one of the pair of inclined surface portions. The edge director can include an interior cavity. In some embodiments, the apparatus can further include a heating device positioned within the interior cavity, wherein the heating device can include a plurality of heating segments. In further embodiments, the apparatus can further include a plurality of coils of wire positioned within the interior cavity, wherein each of the plurality of coils of wire can include windings that may be wound about a corresponding linear coil axis that extends in the downstream direction.

Abstract: A method of controlling compaction including obtaining a plurality of sets of process conditions for a plurality of glass ribbons, measuring a compaction value for a glass sheet cut from each glass ribbon of the plurality of glass ribbons, correlating the compaction to the process conditions. The method further includes selecting a predetermined cooling curve including a plurality of cooling rates, modifying the cooling curve by varying cooling rates of the plurality of cooling rates, calculating a predicted compaction value for a glass sheet cut from a glass ribbon drawn using the modified cooling curve, and repeating the modification and predicting until compaction is minimized.

Abstract: According to a fabrication method for fabricating a porous glass base material for optical fiber, the orientation of a clad forming burner used to form the outermost layer of a clad-corresponding portion is changed further upward while glass fine particles are deposited during the period between a first timing and a second timing. At the first timing, the outer diameter of the porous glass base material for optical fiber has not reached a target outer diameter. The second timing is later than the first timing, and either a timing at which the outer diameter of the porous glass base material for optical fiber reaches the target outer diameter for the first time, or a timing prior to this timing.

Abstract: A system for drawing optical fiber in microgravity including a sealed housing to prevent infiltration of at least humidity and filled with a dry environment, a preform holder located within the sealed housing to hold preform material, a furnace located within the sealed housing to receive the preform material from the preform holder and to heat the preform material from which the optical fiber is pulled, a feed system to move the preform material from the preform holder to the furnace, a drawing mechanism located within the sealed housing to pull the optical fiber from the preform material within the furnace, a diameter monitor located within the sealed housing to measure a diameter of the optical fiber and a fiber collection mechanism located. within the sealed housing to gather and store the optical fiber.

Abstract: An optical fiber production method includes: drawing an optical fiber preform in a drawing furnace; and cooling the optical fiber. The optical fiber is passed through a plurality of annealing furnaces while the optical fiber is cooled. While the optical fiber is cooled, temperatures of the annealing furnaces are set such that the temperature difference is within a range between and including an upper limit and a lower limit of a temperature difference between a temperature of the optical fiber and a fictive temperature of glass constituting a core of the optical fiber at which an increase of a transmission loss of the optical fiber when the fictive temperature of the glass is decreased is less than 0.001 dB/km.

Abstract: Electronic device components that include a glass portion and a ceramic or a glass ceramic portion are disclosed. The ceramic or glass ceramic portions of the component may be located to provide desired performance characteristics to the component, which may be an enclosure component. In addition, regions of compressive stress may be formed within the glass portion, the glass ceramic portion, or both to further adjust the performance characteristics of the component. Electronic devices including the components and methods for making the components are also provided.

Abstract: A patterned glass article that includes: a glass substrate comprising a thickness, a primary surface and a bulk composition at the midpoint of the thickness; and a patterned region defined by the primary surface and comprising a patterned region composition. The bulk composition comprises about 40 mol % to 80 mol % silica and the patterned region composition comprises at least about 40 mol % silica. Further, the patterned region comprises a first textured region and a second textured region, the second textured region characterized by a haze of at least 5% more than a haze of the first textured region.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a method of manufacturing a heterogeneous coating solution bonded coating layer, and a coating layer and a cover window produced thereby. More particularly, there are provided a method of manufacturing a heterogeneous coating solution bonded coating layer, in which a step difference at the boundary between different types of coating solutions is controllable by controlling a difference in capillary number during discharge of the different types of coating solutions using a slot die coater, and a coating layer and a cover window produced thereby. Therefore, the method of manufacturing a heterogeneous coating solution bonded coating layer can produce a cover window that is excellent in all the properties including durability, optical characteristics, and flexibility.

Abstract: A method of reworking lithium containing ion exchanged glass-based articles is provided. The method includes a reverse ion exchange process that returns the glass-based article to approximately the composition of the glass from which the glass-based article was produced, before being subjected to ion exchange.

Abstract: A thin glass article is provided that has a first face, a second face, one or more edges joining the first and second faces, and a thickness between the first and second faces, where the faces and the one or more edges together form an outer surface of the thin glass article. The thin glass article has an ion-exchanged surface layer on its outer surface. The ion-exchanged surface layer is non-uniform, wherein the non-uniform ion-exchanged surface layer has an associated compressive surface stress which varies between a minimum and a maximum value over the outer surface and/or a depth of layer which varies between a minimum and a maximum value over the outer surface. A method for producing a thin glass article and a use of a thin glass article are also provided.

Abstract: A glass substrate includes at least one selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba and Zn as a reaction factor component, and includes a surface depletion layer at a surface side of the glass substrate. A total molar concentration (mol/cm3) of the reaction factor component in the surface depletion layer is decreased relative to an inside of the glass substrate. A total depletion amount (mol/cm2) of the reaction factor component in the surface depletion layer is 1.00×10?8 or more. The glass substrate has a refractive index (nd) of 1.68 or more.

Abstract: The invention relates to a sealing wall building material, which has a binding agent with cement and aggregates. It is provided according to the invention that the binding agent comprises a mixture of cement and fly ash, wherein it is free of clay material, and that it has an impermeability with a kf value of 10?7 m/s and less.

Abstract: [Problem] To provide a molded body in which hydraulic lime is used and a method for producing the same. [Solution] A molded body having a flexural strength of at least 7.5 N/mm2 and containing hydraulic lime subjected to calcium carbonate crystallization. A method for producing a molded body containing hydraulic lime, comprising (a) a step for press molding a mixture containing hydraulic lime and water at a pressure of at least 5 N/mm2 and (b) a step for submitting the press-molded body yielded by (a) to carbon dioxide curing.

Abstract: A method of producing polycrystalline Y3Ba5Cu8Oy (Y-358) whereby powders of yttrium (III) oxide, a barium (II) salt, and copper (II) oxide are pelletized, calcined at 850 to 950° C. for 8 to 16 hours, ball milled under controlled conditions, pelletized again and sintered in an oxygen atmosphere at 900 to 1000° C. for up to 72 hours. The polycrystalline Y3Ba5Cu8Oy thus produced is in the form of elongated crystals having an average length of 2 to 10 ?m and an average width of 1 to 2 ?m, and embedded with spherical nanoparticles of yttrium deficient Y3Ba5Cu8Oy having an average diameter of 5 to 20 nm. The spherical nanoparticles are present as agglomerates having flower-like morphology with an average particles size of 30 to 60 nm. The ball milled polycrystalline Y3Ba5Cu8Oy prepared under controlled conditions shows significant enhancement of superconducting and flux pinning properties.

Abstract: Process for manufacturing a high pore volume titanium dioxide ceramic material using a fluoride source. Addition of fluoride in varying amounts modulates the properties of the ceramic material by increasing the pore volume while maintaining a relatively high crush strength. Resulting porous ceramic material include a plurality of sintered ceramic titanium dioxide particles having at least 10% (w/w) rutile phase and exhibiting a pore volume (PV) between 0.20 and 0.60 mL/g and a crush strength (CS) of no less than 3 lbf (13.35 N). The porous ceramic materials described herein can be used as catalyst carriers. The ceramic material can be used as carrier for various catalysts, for example Fisher-Tropsch catalysts.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for identifying a solid solution ceramic material of a plurality of perovskite compounds which exhibits an electric field induced strain derived from a reversible phase transition, as well as a method for making such ceramic materials and ceramic materials obtainable therefrom. In particular, the present invention is directed to a method of identifying a solid solution ceramic material of at least three perovskite compounds which exhibits an electric field induced strain derived from a reversible phase transition; said method comprising the steps of: i) determining a molar ratio of at least one tetragonal perovskite compound to at least one non-tetragonal perovskite compound which, when combined to form a solid solution, provides a ceramic material comprising a major portion of a tetragonal phase having an axial ratio c/a of greater than 1.005 to 1.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing AlN whiskers includes reduced incorporation of metal particles, an AlN whisker body, AlN whiskers, a resin molded body, and a method for producing the resin molded body. The method for producing AlN whiskers includes heating an Al-containing material in a material accommodation unit to thereby generate Al gas; and introducing the Al gas into a reaction chamber through a communication portion while introducing nitrogen gas into the reaction chamber through a gas inlet port, to thereby grow AlN whiskers on the surface of an Al2O3 substrate placed in the reaction chamber.

Abstract: A method for coating a substrate with a ceramic coating, includes the steps of: applying a bond coat material to a surface of a substrate to form a bond coat on the surface; and applying a ceramic coat over the bond coat, wherein the step of applying the bond coat material produces a bond coat having a lower elastic modulus as compared to a conventionally applied bond coat.

Abstract: A method of making a ceramic composite comprises forming a wet ceramic composition comprising a plurality of discrete ceramic components and a fluxing agent dissolved in a solvent. At least a portion of the solvent is removed from the wet ceramic composition to form a dried ceramic composition comprising the plurality of discrete ceramic components coated with the fluxing agent. The dried ceramic composition is sintered to form the ceramic composite, the sintering being carried out at a sinter temperature sufficient to fuse the discrete ceramic components at bridging sites formed where two or more of the discrete ceramic components coated with fluxing agent are in physical contact.

Abstract: A cost-effective and practical antimicrobial glaze system and glazing process is disclosed herein. The antimicrobial glaze/enamel may comprise at least two layers: a base layer and a top layer. The base layer may contain a typical or normal glaze widely used in sanitary ware, having a low level of zinc oxide. The base layer glaze may be directly sprayed on the clay body surface. A thin top glaze layer is sprayed on top of the base glaze layer and the top layer may contain a high level of zinc oxide.

Abstract: Fertilizer pellets may be formed by compressing or compacting a primary fertilizer powder mixed with micronized sulphur.

Abstract: A new slow-release fertilisers is described that is formed by applying graphene oxide (GO) as a carrier for micronutrients such as copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn), in which the micronutrients are efficiently bonded with the functional groups at the surface and sides of the GO sheets due to their affinity to the unpaired oxygen atoms in the GO. The prepared Cu-graphene oxide (Cu-GO) and Zn-graphene oxide (Zn-GO) fertilizers showed a biphasic dissolution behaviour compared to commercial zinc sulphate (ZnSO4) and copper sulphate (CuSO4) fertilizer granules, displaying both fast- and slow-release micronutrient release.

Abstract: A method for obtaining biofertilizer concentrates and biostimulants for agricultural use from biomass of microalgae, including cyanobacteria, wherein, firstly, the cellular content of the microalgae, including cyanobacteria, is released by rupturing the cells thereof; next, the protein fraction and the cell wall of the microalgae, including cyanobacteria, obtained from said release of the cellular content, are hydrolyzed with proteolytic enzymes until producing free amino acids; next, nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and/or potassium (K) excipients are added to the previously obtained product of enzymatic hydrolysis.

Abstract: Provided herein is a unique process that prepares a saturated hydrocarbon mixture with well-controlled structural characteristics that address the performance requirements driven by the stricter environmental and fuel economy regulations for automotive engine oils. The process allows for the branching characteristics of the hydrocarbon molecules to be controlled so as to consistently provide a composition that has a surprising CCS viscosity at ?35° C. (ASTM D5329) and Noack volatility (ASTM D5800) relationship. The process comprises providing a specific olefinic feedstock, oligomerizing in the presence of a BF3 catalyst, and hydroisomerizing in the presence of a noble-metal impregnated, 10-member ring zeolite catalyst.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a process for forming an oligomer product comprising (a) introducing into a reaction zone (i) ethylene; (ii) a heteroatomic ligand metal salt complex comprising a heteroatomic ligand complexed to a first metal salt; (iii) a second metal salt wherein an equivalent molar ratio of the second metal salt to the heteroatomic ligand of the heteroatomic ligand metal salt complex is at least 0.5:1 and where the second metal salt is an iron salt, a cobalt salt, or any combination thereof; (iv) an organoaluminum compound; and (b) forming an oligomer product. Also disclosed herein is a process comprising (a) introducing into a reaction zone (i) ethylene; (ii) a heteroatomic ligand; (iii) a metal salt where an equivalent molar ratio of the metal salt to the heteroatomic ligand is at least 1.5:1; (iv) an organoaluminum compound; and (b) forming an oligomer product.

Abstract: Provided is a process for converting an alkane to an alkene. The process comprises (a) contacting the alkane and either (i) an oxidizing electrophile comprising a main group element in oxidized form, or (ii) an oxidant and a reduced form of the oxidizing electrophile, in a liquid medium comprising an oxygen acid and optionally one or more additives selected from a non-oxidizable liquid, a salt additive, a Lewis acid, and water, to provide an oxidized intermediate and a reduced form of the oxidizing electrophile; (b) optionally separating the oxidized intermediate and the reduced form of the oxidizing electrophile; and (c) performing an elimination reaction on the oxidized intermediate to provide the alkene and the oxygen acid.

Abstract: An organic compound represented by formula (1). In formula (1), each of R1 to R22 is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group, a silyl group, and a cyano group.

Abstract: Processes and apparatuses for producing para-xylenes are provided. The processes comprises providing a reformate stream comprising aromatic hydrocarbons to a reformate splitter to provide a reformate bottoms stream and a reformate overhead stream. A portion of the reformate bottoms stream is passed to a para-xylene separation unit for separating para-xylene, wherein the portion of the reformate bottoms stream is passed to the para-xylene separation unit without an intermediate step for removal of olefins.

Abstract: In a process for the oxidation of a lower alkane, such as methane, over a catalyst containing Cu and one or more zeolite or zeotype materials, the oxidation is conducted in the presence of ammonia in the feed gas at a process temperature below 350° C. The oxidation can be performed in a continuous process.

Abstract: Provided is a process for oxidizing an alkene. The process comprises contacting an alkene, and either an oxidizing electrophile comprising a main group element in oxidized form or an oxidant and a reduced form of the oxidizing electrophile, in a liquid medium comprising an oxygen acid and optionally one or more additives selected from a non-oxidizable liquid, a salt additive, a Lewis acid, and water, to provide an oxygenate and a reduced form of the oxidizing electrophile. The process optionally further comprises separating the oxygenate and the reduced form of the oxidizing electrophile. The oxygenate can be further hydrolyzed to form an alcohol, diol, or polyol.

Abstract: The disclosure provides chemical compounds possessing therapeutic and/or protective properties against oxidative damage. Methods of making such therapeutic and/or protective compounds and associated compositions are also provided, as are methods for their use, which include protecting cells from oxidative damage and/or inhibiting production of ROS in a cell or subject, as well as preventing or reducing the extent of tissue damage caused by an ischemic event in a subject at elevated risk of such an event.

Abstract: A process for isolating pure butyl acrylate from crude butyl acrylate, which is carried out in a dividing wall column having separation-active internals and a vaporizer, and in which: a dividing wall is arranged in a longitudinal direction of the column to form an upper joint column region, a lower joint column region, an inflow section having a side feed point and an offtake section having a side offtake point; a ratio of an amount of liquid at an upper end of the dividing wall going to an enrichment section and a stripping section of the column is set in the range from 1:0.2 to 1:5; and a ratio of an amount of vapor streams at a lower end of the dividing wall going to the stripping section and the enrichment section of the column is set in a range from 1:0.5 to 1:2.0.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides treprostinil derivatives that can act as prodrugs of treprostinil. The treprostinil derivatives can be used to treat any conditions responsive to treatment with treprostinil, including pulmonary hypertension, such as pulmonary arterial hypertension.

Abstract: Described are polymerizable high energy light absorbing compounds of formula I: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, and X are as described herein. The compounds absorb various wavelengths of ultraviolet and/or high energy visible light and are suitable for incorporation in various products, such as biomedical devices and ophthalmic devices.

Abstract: 1-Aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid non-hydrate can be obtained by treating 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid hydrochloride with a tertiary amine in the presence of a C3-C4 alcohol and water, keeping the reaction mixture at 50° C. or below, collecting the precipitated crystal of 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid 0.5 hydrate by filtration, and heating the obtained crystal to 80 to 245° C.

Abstract: Process for making solid methylglycine diacetate (MGDA) alkali metal salt (a), said process comprising the steps of (A) providing a 35 to 60% by weight aqueous solution of said MGDA salt having a temperature in the range of from 50 to 90° C., (B) adding 0.01 to 2% by weight of a particulate solid with a pore volume in the range of from 0.25 to 0.75 cm3/g, determined by nitrogen adsorption in accordance with 66134:1998-02 (b), the percentage referring to the content of (a), (C) crystallizing (a), (D) removing said crystalline (a) from the mother liquor.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides compounds of formula: wherein R1, R2, and n are defined as set forth in the specification, and related aminobutanoic acids. The present disclosure also provides compositions comprising these compounds and methods for modulating ASCT2 function in a patient in need thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a 5-step process for preparing iosimenol starting from ammonium 3-amino-5-(aminocarbonyl)benzoate which is first converted to 3-amino-5-(aminocarbonyl)-2,4,6-triiodobenzoic acid using sodium iodine dichloride (NaI—Cl2). The present invention further relates to processes for purifying iosimenol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a new diethanolamine derivative chelating agent having a high water solubility, a good chelating property, and biological degradation. The said new chelating agent can be prepared from reaction of diethanolamine and cyclic anhydride compound using lewis acid as the catalyst. The said process is uncomplicated, and does not use a severe condition, and also reduces the use of harmful chemicals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for producing a product gas comprising acetonitrile and/or hydrogen cyanide from a feed stream comprising ammonia and methanol over a solid catalyst comprising a support, a first metal and a second metal on the support, wherein the first metal and the second metal are in the form of a chemical compound, wherein the first metal is Fe, Ru or Co and the second metal is Sn, Zn, or Ge. The pressure is ambient pressure or higher and the temperature lies in a range from about 400° C. to about 700° C. Thus, the process for producing acetonitrile and/or hydrogen cyanide from ammonia and methanol may be catalyzed by a single catalyst and may be carried out in a single reactor. The invention also relates to a catalyst, a method for activating a catalyst and use of a catalyst for catalysing production of acetonitrile and/or hydrogen cyanide from ammonia and methanol.

Abstract: The industrial scale preparation of isocyanates gives rise to distillation bottom streams that are in need of further workup. These distillation bottom streams still also contain, as well as a distillation residue consisting of compounds that can be evaporated without decomposition only with great difficulty if at all (also referred to as residue for short), proportions of the desired target product (i.e. isocyanate to be prepared). The present invention relates to a process that enables recovery, in an efficient manner, of this proportion of isocyanate to be prepared in a distillation bottom stream which is obtained in the workup of the crude liquid process product which contains the isocyanate to be prepared and is formed in an isocyanate preparation process. More particularly, the present invention relates to a drying step in which the isocyanate to be prepared is recovered to form a solid material that has been largely to completely freed of this isocyanate.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel intermediate(s), which are useful for the preparation of Rivastigmine compound of formula (I) and its pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The present invention further relates to the processes for the preparation of such novel intermediate(s) and preparation of Rivastigmine using such novel intermediate(s).

Abstract: Disclosed is a novel method of controlling the formation of biuret in urea production, and particularly reducing, preventing or reversing such formation. This is accomplished by adding liquid ammonia to a urea aqueous stream. This addition is done at one or more positions downstream of a recovery section in a urea plant. The addition of liquid ammonia serves to shift the equilibrium of biuret formation from urea, to the side of the formation of urea from biuret and ammonia. The invention can be accomplished also in pre-existing urea plant, by the simple measure of providing an appropriate inlet for liquid ammonia, in fluid communication with a source of such liquid ammonia.

Abstract: Methods and machinery are described for combining methane with sulfur trioxide to make MSA, in a system that sustains optimal concentrations of reactants in the main reactor for high yields, efficiency, and profitability. Rather than simply making MSA and then removing it, this design uses a “continuous loop system” with: (i) a “rich acid” stream containing a high concentration of MSA, mixed with sulfuric acid, which will emerge from the main reactor, and (ii) a “reduced acid” stream containing a low concentration of MSA (still mixed with sulfuric acid), from an extractor unit (such as a distillation unit) which removes some but not all of the MSA from the “rich acid”. Additional subassemblies are described which enable the main reactor to work efficiently, at a sustained high flow-through capacity. This system also can be scaled up or down, for any daily MSA production rate.

Abstract: A sulfonic acid salt composition includes compounds of formula (I), wherein n is 1 or 2, R1 is H or C1-C6 alkyl, R2 is COOM, SO3M or CH(OH)SO2-OM, each M is an equivalent of a multivalent metal, preferably magnesium, calcium, aluminum, zinc and combinations thereof. The molar ratio of a compound wherein n is 1 to a compound wherein n is 2 is below 0.1. The sulfonic acid salt composition is useful for color stabilization of non-living organic matter such as from lacquers, paints, powder-coatings, and polymers in particular water-absorbent polymers.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a compound having the following formula (I): wherein: A is in particular —N(R?a)—C(?O)—R, R?a being H or a (C1-C6)alkyl group, and R being preferably a group having the following formula (II): X is in particular chosen from the group consisting of: —SO2—N(R?b)—, R?b being H or a (C1-C6)alkyl group, —N(R?b)—SO2—, R?b being H or a (C1-C6)alkyl group, —CO—NH—, and —NH—CO—, for use for the treatment of cancers, such as metastatic cancers.

Abstract: The invention provides bridged diindole compounds, related pharmaceutical compositions and methods of use thereof, for the prevention, palliation and/or treatment of nervous system disorders.