Abstract: An electrically-controlled eccentric camshaft phaser (10) that adjusts phase between a camshaft and a crankshaft includes a sprocket (12), configured to connect to the crankshaft and rotate about a center axis (x), having a sprocket ring gear (14); a camshaft plate (20) configured to connect to the camshaft and rotate about the center axis (x), having a camshaft ring gear (22); an eccentric shaft (28) that includes a crankshaft eccentric section (52) and a camshaft eccentric section (54); a sprocket bearing (16) that is received by the crankshaft eccentric section (52); a camshaft bearing (64), having a different diameter than the sprocket bearing (16), that is received by the camshaft eccentric section (54).

Abstract: A biasing assembly used with a VCT device includes a torsional biasing element that is elongated and configured to engage and receive rotational motion from one of a rotor or stator of the VCT device; a rigid element that is configured to engage the other of the rotor of the stator of the VCT device and be inserted within a cavity of a camshaft with the torsional biasing element; a receiving feature that couples the rigid element to the torsional biasing element and inhibits angular movement of the rotor and the stator away from a default angular position, wherein the torsional biasing element and the rigid element are angularly displaced from a resting position to a pre-loaded position when the torsional biasing element and the rigid element engage the rotor and the stator.

Abstract: A variable valve actuation mechanism is provided for an internal combustion engine including at least one valve for control of gas admission to a cylinder of the engine and/or gas exhaust from the cylinder. The mechanism includes two concentrically arranged camshafts, a cam set comprising two cams, each fixed to a respective of the camshafts, whereby the camshafts are arranged to be turned in relation to each other, so as to change the combined profile of the cams, and a cam follower adapted to follow the combined profile of the cams and to actuate at least one of the at least one valve in dependence on the combined profile of the cams, wherein the cam follower includes two rollers, each roller being adapted to follow a respective one of the cams.

Abstract: An engine with an engine casing and a dipstick. The dipstick extends into the engine casing and has a free end. The design of the free end may be selected such that the natural frequency of the dipstick does not resonate with the operating frequency of the engine. The dipstick may also be oriented such that the free end does not contact the engine.

Abstract: An apparatus for discharging water in exhaust fluid is disclosed. The apparatus includes a body having an inlet disposed on an exhaust path for exhausting exhaust fluid exhausted from a fuel cell stack to the outside and through which the exhaust fluid is introduced, an outlet communicating with the outside, an interior space allowing the inlet and the outlet to communicate each other, and a discharge passage communicating with the outside to discharge water in the interior space. The apparatus further includes a first resistance unit disposed on a flow path along which the exhaust fluid flows in the interior space and having first fine holes through which at least a portion of the exhaust fluid passes, and a second resistance unit disposed on a discharge path along which the water in the interior space is discharged through the discharge passage and having second fine holes through which the water passes.

Abstract: A honeycomb structure body has an outer skin, cells arranged in an inside of the outer skin, and partition walls having pores. The partition walls are arranged in the inside of the outer skin. Each of the cells is surrounded by the partition walls. The pores have communicating pores which communicate with each other adjacent cells. Exhaust gas emitted from an engine passes adjacent cells through the communicating pores. The number of the communicating pores is at a density of not less than 18000 [pores/0.25 mm2] before a catalyst is supported in the pores. An exhaust gas purification filter having the honeycomb structure body with the catalyst is arranged in an exhaust gas pipe to purify exhaust gas containing PM emitted from an engine.

Abstract: A particulate matter detecting device includes: an element unit on which particulate matter contained in exhaust gas from an internal combustion engine is deposited; a heater that heats the element unit; a detecting unit that detects the amount of particulate matter on the basis of electrical characteristics of the element unit; and a control unit that controls the operation of the heater. For a predetermined period that does not include a period in which the particulate matter is deposited on the element unit, the control unit operates the heater using a predetermined amount of control set in advance such that the temperature of the element unit is higher than the temperature of the exhaust gas and lower than a predetermined temperature at which the element unit is thermally degraded.

Abstract: An inerting and venting system for an aircraft. The inerting and venting system includes a tank containing fluid to be inerted, a mixer including an operating flow path and a mixing flow path, a vent line fluidly connecting ambient atmosphere to the operating flow path of the mixer, and an inert gas line fluidly connecting an inert gas source to the mixing flow path of the mixer. The mixing flow path and the operating flow path are arranged in a coflowing configuration such that ambient air communicated by the operating flow path mixes in a coflowing manner with inert gas communicated by the mixing flow path and the coflowed mixture is directed into the tank. The inerting and venting system may include a first valve for controlling flow of vent air from ambient atmosphere to the tank, and a second valve for controlling flow of inert gas from an inert gas source to the tank.

Abstract: A method of designing a gas turbine engine includes configuring a speed reduction device for driving a fan and configuring a lubrication system for lubricating components across a rotation gap. The lubrication system includes a lubricant input. A stationary first bearing receives lubricant from the lubricant input and has a first race in which lubricant flows. A second bearing for rotation is within the first bearing. The second bearing has a first opening in registration with the first race such that lubricant may flow from the first race through the first opening into a first conduit. The first bearing is configured to also include a second race into which lubricant flows. The second bearing has a second opening in registration with the second race such that lubricant may flow from the second race through the second opening into a second conduit. The first and second conduits deliver lubricant to distinct locations.

Abstract: A controlling method of exhaust gas purification system to which a lean combustion engine is applied and an LNT device, a DPF or an SDPF, and an SCR device are provided includes detecting vehicle information and determining whether the vehicle information satisfies nitrogen oxide desorption condition of the LNT device; desorbing the nitrogen oxide until the nitrogen oxide of the LNT reaches predetermined reference amount through engine rich combustion when vehicle information satisfies the nitrogen oxide desorption condition of the LNT device; injecting urea to purify the nitrogen oxide after a first period after ending of desorption of the nitrogen oxide of the LNT; desorbing sulfide of the LNT through the engine rich combustion; and injecting urea to purify the nitrogen oxide after a second period after ending of desorption of the sulfide rich combustion of the LNT.

Abstract: A DEF injector is configured to inject DEF into an exhaust system of a vehicle. A DEF pump includes an electric motor configured to drive a compression mechanism and pumps the DEF to the DEF injector. A pressure sensor is configured to measure a pressure of the DEF output from the DEF pump. A sampling module is configured to, based on a rotational position of an output shaft of the electric motor, selectively output samples of the pressure. A measurement module is configured to determine a measured pressure at the pressure sensor based on a present one of the samples and a last one of the samples output before the present one of the samples. A pump control module is configured to apply power from a power source to the electric motor based on a difference between the measured pressure and a target pressure.

Abstract: A process for optimizing a depollution of nitrogen oxides from the gases in an engine exhaust line carried out according to a selective catalytic reduction by injection of a quantity of reducing agent into the line makes it possible to monitor a setpoint of the amount of nitrogen oxides per second at the outlet of the line. A readjustment of the setpoint is made at each completion of successive running distance intervals determined by integration of the speed over a time interval that ends as soon as a predetermined target cumulative amount of carbon dioxide released is reached, an amount of nitrogen oxides at the outlet per kilometer traveled being calculated for each interval from a cumulative amount of nitrogen oxides measured at the outlet and compared with a target amount of nitrogen oxides per kilometer for the calculation of a deviation used for the readjustment of the setpoint.

Abstract: An exhaust gas post processing apparatus of a gasoline vehicle may include a housing mounted on the exhaust pipe to receive the exhaust gas discharged from the engine and to exhaust the exhaust gas passed through rearward thereof, a front end honeycomb catalyst unit embedded in the housing to primarily purify the exhaust gas introduced into the housing through a front end portion of the housing, and a rear end honeycomb catalyst unit embedded in the housing to secondarily purify the exhaust gas via the front end honeycomb catalyst unit before flowing out to a rear end portion of the housing, wherein the front end honeycomb catalyst unit includes a powder type catalyst in which an iridium-ruthenium alloy is supported on an aluminum oxide support powder, and the rear end honeycomb catalyst unit includes three-way catalyst powder which is configured to remove carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and hydrocarbons simultaneously.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust system component having excellent properties to be located in an exhaust flow path from an internal combustion engine, particularly, an exhaust system component having an extended use-life. The exhaust system component of the present invention for an internal combustion engine has a self-healing ceramic material and an electric heater for heating the self-healing ceramic material. In particular, the exhaust system component of the present invention is an oxygen sensor having a detection element and an electric heater, wherein the detection element has a solid electrolyte layer, a reference-side electrode layer, an exhaust-side electrode layer, and a diffusion layer and/or a trap layer each composed of a self-healing ceramic material.

Abstract: An exhaust device includes an expansion chamber that expands an exhaust gas from an engine; a separator that partitions the expansion chamber; and a plurality of catalyst units arranged in the expansion chamber and supported in parallel by the separator. The separator is divided into upper and lower portions through a dividing plane, and the plurality of catalyst units are supported in such a manner as to be clamped from upper and lower sides at the dividing plane.

Abstract: A heater system for an exhaust system is provided. The heater system includes a heater disposed in an exhaust conduit. The heater includes a plurality of heating elements disposed in the exhaust conduit. A heating control module controls the plurality of heating elements differently according to operating conditions specific to each heating element. In other forms, the heater system for an exhaust system has a plurality of heating zones, instead of a plurality of heating elements. The heating control module controls the plurality of heating zones differently according to operating conditions specific to each heating zone.

Abstract: A controller estimates a first estimated adsorption amount which is an amount of adsorption of ammonia in the SCR catalyst at the time when the SCR catalyst is assumed to be in a predetermined abnormal state, estimates a second estimated adsorption amount at the time when the SCR catalyst is assumed to be in a predetermined normal state, calculates a first slip development temperature based on the first estimated adsorption amount, and calculates a second slip development temperature based on the second estimated adsorption amount. The controller, when carrying out an abnormality diagnosis based on a concentration of ammonia in an exhaust gas at the downstream side of the SCR catalyst, carries out diagnostic temperature control so as to control the temperature of the SCR catalyst to a temperature which is equal to or more than the first slip development temperature and is less than the second slip development temperature.

Abstract: An aftertreatment system for a diesel engine is disclosed. The aftertreatment system may include a first flow conduit configured to convey an exhaust gas stream, and a first diffuser assembly positioned fluidly downstream of the first flow conduit and be configured to increase flow uniformity of the exhaust gas stream. The first diffuser assembly may include a first disperser having a honeycomb structure surrounded by a first outer frame. The first disperser may have a number of cells per square inch defining a first cell density. The aftertreatment system may also include a first selective catalytic reduction cassette positioned fluidly downstream of the first diffuser assembly, and the first selective catalytic reduction cassette may include a selective catalytic reduction catalyst.

Abstract: Implementations described herein relate to features for a single module aftertreatment system. The single aftertreatment system includes a casing, a catalyst within the casing, and an outer body attached to a portion of the casing with a flat mounting zone on the outer body. The outer body includes a mounting bracket welded to the flat mounting zone. The flat mounting zone is separated from the casing so as to form an air gap between the flat mounting zone of the outer body and the casing. The outer body includes a beaded portion adjacent the flat mounting zone. The outer body includes an inner diameter portion, and the outer body is attached to a portion of the casing by a weld joint between the inner diameter portion and the portion of the casing.

Abstract: An exhaust component assembly includes a housing having at least one mount area configured to be attached to another exhaust component. A primary heat shield is attached to the housing and includes at least one open area at the mount area. A secondary heat shield positioned adjacent to the primary heat shield to at least partially cover the mount area. A method of assembling the primary and secondary heat shields to the housing of the exhaust component assembly is also disclosed.

Abstract: A main valve unit is rotatably provided in a main valve accommodation space connected to a first opening portion. A fail-safe valve unit is provided in a fail-safe valve accommodation space connected to a second opening portion. The main valve unit controls flow rate of cooling water flowing from the first opening portion to a radiator via a main water passage formed in a housing depending on a rotational position thereof. The fail-safe valve unit is closed when temperature of the cooling water is lower than a predetermined value, to thereby block off flow of the cooling water to the radiator. The fail-safe valve unit is opened when the temperature of the cooling water is higher than the predetermined value, to thereby allow the flow of the cooling water to the radiator. Each of the first opening portion and the main valve accommodation space is fluidically separated from the second opening portion and the fail-safe valve accommodation space by a partitioning wall formed in the housing.

Abstract: A general purpose engine includes: a crankcase to support an engine rotary shaft; a cylinder unit extending from the crankcase in a direction perpendicular to an axis of the engine rotary shaft; a cooling fan fixed to one of opposite ends of the engine rotary shaft; and a fan housing configured to have an air induction opening defined therein for the cooling fan and to cover the crankcase and the cylinder unit from one side of the engine rotary shaft. At a position of the fan housing which is opposed to the cooling fin of the cylinder unit, a cleaning access window is defined. The cleaning access window is covered by a debris covering that is capable of being selectively opened and closed. The debris covering has one end portion engaged with the fan housing and the other end portion removably mounted on the fan housing by a magnetic body.

Abstract: Methods and systems are providing for improving engine coolant level estimation to reduce engine overheating. The level of fluid in a coolant overflow reservoir is inferred based on the fluid level in a hollow vertical standpipe fluidically coupled to the reservoir at top and bottom locations, while the fluid level in the standpipe is estimated based on echo times of an ultrasonic signal transmitted by a sensor positioned in a recess at the bottom of the vertical standpipe. Engine power is limited differently based on distinct coolant level states determined based on a change in level of coolant in the reservoir over a duration.

Abstract: In an intake structure of an internal combustion engine, on an intake upstream side from a valve seat of an intake port, a convex portion is provided which protrudes to an inside of the intake port in a place near an outer circumferential portion of a cylinder chamber when viewed from an upper side of the cylinder chamber. The convex portion includes an upstream guide surface extending from an apex of the convex portion to the intake upstream side, and a downstream guide surface extending from the apex to an intake downstream side and including a curved surface recessed inside the convex portion at a middle portion thereof.

Abstract: A two cycle engine having a block defining an exhaust port and a cylinder, a head, and a piston defining a combustion chamber is disclosed. The exhaust port has a resonant frequency that causes a portion of the combusted and uncombusted exhaust gasses to flow from the exhaust system and back into the combustion chamber. At a speed above the predetermined speed, a majority of the portion of the combusted and uncombusted exhaust gasses flows from the exhaust system and back into the combustion chamber without engaging the skirt of the piston.

Abstract: A dual, dual-pass intercooler assembly for an intercooler supercharger system comprising an intercooler lid mountable to a supercharger housing; a pair of intercooler cores coupled mountable to and within at least one of the intercooler lid and the supercharger housing; wherein the pair of intercooler cores configured to receive and cool supercharger air upon a first pass through the pair of intercooler cores and receive and further cool the supercharger air upon a second pass through the pair of intercooler cores prior to receipt by an engine.

Abstract: In an engine system 10 having a high-pressure stage turbocharger 11 and a low-pressure stage turbocharger 12 provided in series, a control device 40 is configured to perform control such that when switching from multi-stage supercharging Cm to single-stage supercharging Cs, after only the exhaust bypass valve 23 is opened, and thereafter, an intake bypass valve 21 is opened later than at a timing at which the exhaust bypass valve 23 is opened.

Abstract: This control device starts an electric motor on the basis of a drive signal. After starting of the electric motor, the control device switches a bypass valve from an open state to a closed state.

Abstract: In order for charge air to be conducted with the lowest possible losses in pressure in a turbocharger including a blow-off valve, a flow-guiding element in an inlet region is designed such that neutral zones are formed at the flow openings. The flow openings recirculate charge air from the pressure side to the suction side when the blow-off valve is opened. The flow-guiding element avoids vortices and therefore losses in pressure in the region of the flow openings.

Abstract: A vent insert is disclosed for use with an automotive turbocharger system. The vent has a substantially cylindrical hollow tube with a first end for seating the vent and a second open end. The first end has a rim around an opening. The second end of the vent has an angled opening that faces away from the direction of the gas flow when the vent insert is operating within the turbocharger system. There are a plurality of protrusions extending outward from the outside surface of the vent to assist in keeping the vent insert in place in the turbocharger system.

Abstract: Systems, apparatuses, and methods disclosed provide for estimating the remaining life for an engine. The method includes determining a correlation between a quantity of burned fuel and a level of wear of a piston ring for an engine. The level of wear of the piston ring is indicative of a remaining life of the engine. The method also includes determining a current quantity of burned fuel by the engine, and determining the remaining life of the engine based on the correlation and the current quantity of burned fuel by the engine.

Abstract: A controller for controlling a system for changing the pitch of blades of a turbine engine propeller, the controller includes a fixed member (28) and a member (29) which is movable in translation along a longitudinal axis (X) relative to the fixed member (28), and an anti-rotation device (33) configured so as to prevent the rotation of the movable member (29) relative to the fixed member (28) about the axis (X). The anti-rotation device includes a longitudinal structural crossmember (35) which is mounted by a first and a second end (36, 37) on the fixed member, and support and guide unit (57) integrally in translation the movable member along the axis (X), the crossmember extending radially outside the movable member and the fixed member relative to a radial axis (Y) which is perpendicular to the axis (X) and being guided through the support and guide unit.

Abstract: A turbine section for a gas turbine engine includes a turbine blade that extends radially outwardly to a radially outer tip and for rotation about an axis of rotation. A blade outer air seal is mounted in a support structure and is arranged radially outward of the outer tip. A flow guide is arranged between the support structure and the blade outer air seal and defines a passage between the flow guide and the blade outer air seal. The passage is configured to communicate air in a generally axial direction.

Abstract: A fire seal structure prevents flame from coming out of a fire-prevention region of an aircraft. The fire seal structure includes: a plurality of walls including: a first wall provided on a first partitioning member; and a second wall provided on a second partitioning member. One of the plurality of walls is a spring wall that functions as a spring. The first and the second partitioning members define the fire-prevention region. The plurality of walls forms a labyrinth-shaped gap between the first and the second partitioning members. Each of the plurality of walls contains a refractory material and includes a front end part. When the first and the second partitioning members are stationary with respect to each other, the front end part is not in contact with another member, and the spring wall is disposed closest to a facing member, among the plurality of walls.

Abstract: A control apparatus for a compression autoignition engine includes an engine, a state quantity setting device, a spark plug, and a controller. After the spark plug ignites air-fuel mixture to start combustion, unburned air-fuel mixture is combusted by autoignition. The controller changes, according to an operation state of the engine, a heat amount ratio that represents an index associated with a ratio of an amount of heat generated by air-fuel mixture being combusted by flame propagation, to a total amount of heat generated by air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber being combusted.

Abstract: Provided is a piston temperature state monitoring system for an internal combustion engine and a piston temperature monitoring method for an internal combustion engine which are capable of properly managing a history of a piston temperature. When the number of times of a piston temperature suppression control is counted, if a ratio of a temperature difference which is the difference between a maximum limit temperature and a piston temperature to a margin width which is the difference between the maximum limit temperature and a control start temperature is equal to or less than a count threshold ratio set in advance or calculated, a count output system outputs a count signal.

Abstract: To provide a controller and a control method, for an internal combustion engine, that can detect occurrence of knocking appropriately, even though the frequency distribution of the knock signal is distorted according to the occurrence state of knocking. The controller for the internal combustion engine calculates the background level by processing a low pass filter to the knock signal; and performs a low side frequency increase which makes a low side frequency, which is a cutoff frequency of the low pass filter in the case where the knock signal is smaller than an output value of the low pass filter, higher than a high side frequency, which is a cutoff frequency of the low pass filter in the case where the knock signal is larger than the output value of the low pass filter.

Abstract: A control method of an internal combustion engine and an internal combustion engine applying the same. Each cylinder is provided with a throttle valve, or a plurality of paralleled throttle valves are employed to supply air for different cylinders or cylinder groups, so that different cylinders are provided with different inlet pressure and inlet airflow, different spark ignition timing (phase angle), different injection timing (phase angle), and different injection quantity, and in a complete work cycle, some cylinders of the engine operate under a compression ignition combustion mode, and some cylinders of the engine operate under a spark ignition combustion mode. When the conditions for compression ignition combustion mode are satisfied, the cylinders adopt the compression ignition combustion mode as much as possible, so as to improve the thermal power efficiency of the engine.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for determining a dilution of recirculated gases, including blowthrough air, combusted exhaust gas, and fuel vapor, in a split exhaust engine. In one example, the dilution rate may be calculated using a steady state model based on temperature measurements from an intake region of the engine. The steady state model may be further used in combination with a feedforward model adapted to estimate engine dilution during engine transients as a correction factor.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for improving fuel efficiency, monitor completion, and tailpipe emissions of a variable displacement engine. Fueling is initially disabled in cylinders selected to be deactivated while pumping air through the cylinders to an exhaust after-treatment catalyst and oxygen sensor. Once the sensor shows a lean response and catalyst monitoring is completed, cylinder valve operation is also disabled to reduce pumping losses and prevent further oxygen saturation of exhaust components.

Abstract: An engine-driven working machine according to the present invention has a controller and a muffler. The controller is operated from starting of the engine in a rotational speed limitation mode in which the engine is prevented from rotating at a rotational speed that is higher than the predetermined limitation rotational speed. The controller forces to stop the engine, after a predetermined period has passed, during which the engine operates in the rotational speed limitation mode.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine is provided. The internal combustion engine includes a control device, and at least one injector for liquid fuel that includes a discharge opening for the liquid fuel. The at least one injector is connected to a collection volume by means of a line for liquid fuel. Liquid fuel can flow through the line for liquid fuel from the at least one injector to the collection volume. A control element that can be adjusted by the control device via a control signal is also provided. Via the control element, a back pressure in the line for liquid fuel can be adjusted in order to adjust an amount of liquid fuel discharged through the discharge opening of the at least one injector. Also provided is a method for operating an internal combustion engine and an injector.

Abstract: A method for an engine control unit to conduct real time updating of data tables based on feedback from the air flow sensor without external computing. The air fuel ratio is based on information received from an air flow meter, where a look-up table is actively tuned for the air flow calibration instead of the volumetric efficiency tables. Here, the look-up table involves a single dimension value so the calculations are simpler than more complex evaluations previously set forth.

Abstract: A method for calculating Atkinson cycle intake flowrate of an internal combustion engine includes determining an intake stopping point and an engine crank angle corresponding to a piston position of the internal combustion engine at the intake stopping point; calculating mass and partial pressure of an exhaust gas and a fresh gas within a cylinder from the engine crank angle; obtaining a mass ratio of a quantity of gas pushed out of the cylinder by a piston to a total quantity of gas within the cylinder at the intake stopping point during a period of time starting from the intake stopping point until intake valve closure; and calculating intake flowrate of the fresh gas within the cylinder at the intake valve closure from the mass ratio obtained. Also disclosed is a system for calculating Atkinson cycle intake flowrate of an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A fuel injection control device includes an electric controller controlling an opening and closing of an injector by energizing a coil in the injector, and a booster circuit boosting a battery voltage to generate a boost voltage. The electric controller includes a valve-opening control unit applying the boost voltage and then applying the battery voltage to the coil to execute a valve-opening control to generate a required valve-opening force, an open valve maintenance control unit applying the battery voltage to the coil to execute an open valve maintenance control to generate an open valve maintenance force and is smaller the required valve-opening force, after the valve-opening control, and a current correction control unit executing a current correction control to correct a maximum value of a current flowing through the coil when the boost voltage is applied in the valve-opening control, according to a decreasing quantity of the battery voltage.

Abstract: Various embodiments include a method for operating a fuel injector with a solenoid drive having a hydraulic stop at a predetermined fuel pressure comprising: applying a first current profile to the solenoid including a first holding current value prespecifying the current flowing during a holding phase; determining a resulting first flux; determining a first force based on the first flux corresponding to a hydraulic force exerted on the armature by fuel; determining a deviation between the first force and an optimal force corresponding to the predetermined fuel pressure; determining a second holding current based on the first holding current and the determined deviation; and applying a second current profile to carry out a second injection process using the second holding current value to apply a hydraulic force on the armature by the fuel adapted to the optimal force value.

Abstract: Disclosed are a method and system for controlling fuel injection in response to a change in the content of ethanol in a FFV having oxygen sensors and an ethanol sensor. The system includes an ethanol content change detection unit configured to detect a change in the content of ethanol, a flow rate calculation unit configured to calculate a volumetric flow rate of blending fuel and to integrate the calculated value, a condition determination unit configured to determine whether the change in the content of ethanol satisfies a condition for applying a fuel injection correction value, a control execution determination unit configured to determine whether to apply the fuel injection correction value by comparing the volumetric flow rate integration value with a preset second reference value, and a controller configured to determine a fuel injection correction value and to adjust an amount of fuel injection.

Abstract: A control apparatus for an engine includes an engine, a state quantity setting device, a spark plug, and a controller. After the spark plug ignites air-fuel mixture to start combustion, combustion of unburned air-fuel mixture is caused by autoignition. The controller outputs a control signal to the state quantity setting device such that, when a number of revolutions of the engine is high, a temperature in a combustion chamber before start of compression is higher than that when the number of revolutions of the engine is low.

Abstract: A method for operating an internal combustion engine with multiple cylinders. Each cylinder of the internal combustion engine includes at least one fuel injector, and each fuel injector is activated for opening and closing via a solenoid valve of the respective fuel injector. Structure-borne sound waves emitted by the fuel injectors and/or accelerations caused by the fuel injectors are detected by measurement. The structure-borne sound waves detected by measurement and/or the accelerations detected by measurement are evaluated, and based on the evaluation, characteristics of the fuel injectors are automatically determined.

Abstract: A press-fit sleeve for sealing and cooling a component projecting through a fire deck opening in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine is described. The press-fit sleeve includes a connecting point at a first end of the press-fit sleeve, said connecting point being designed for press fitting into an indentation at an end of the fire deck opening that faces away from a combustion chamber. Furthermore, the press-fit sleeve includes a radially inwardly protruding step at a second end of the press-fit sleeve lying opposite the first end. Between the first end and the second end, the press-fit sleeve includes a lateral surface which is closed in a fluid-tight manner and is or can be brought into contact with a water jacket surrounding the press-fit sleeve.