Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal alignment agent composition comprising a terminal modifier compound containing an amino group together with a polyimide containing an add anhydride group at its terminus or a precursor polymer thereof, a method for preparing a liquid crystal alignment film using the same, and a liquid crystal alignment film and a liquid crystal display using the same.

Abstract: The present invent provides improved rapid thermal conversion processes for efficiently converting wood, other biomass materials, and other carbonaceous feedstock (including hydrocarbons) into high yields of valuable liquid product, e.g., bio-oil, on a large scale production. In an embodiment, biomass material, e.g., wood, is feed to a conversion system where the biomass material is mixed with an upward stream of hot heat carriers, e.g., sand, that thermally convert the biomass into a hot vapor stream. The hot vapor stream is rapidly quenched with quench media in one or more condensing chambers located downstream of the conversion system. The rapid quenching condenses the vapor stream into liquid product, which is collected from the condensing chambers as a valuable liquid product. In one embodiment, the liquid product itself is used as the quench media.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for purifying renewable feedstock comprising triglycerides, said process comprising the steps, where the renewable feedstock comprising triglycerides, comprising at least one plant oil originating from a plant of the family Brassicaceae, is treated with an aqueous medium to obtain a mixture, and a first stream comprising water and a second stream comprising triglycerides are separated from said mixture, and the second stream is obtained as purified renewable feedstock.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pipe for thermal cracking of hydrocarbons in the presence of steam, in which the feed mixture is guided through externally heated pipes, wherein the pipe extends along a longitudinal axis and has a number NT of grooves that have been introduced into the inner surface of the pipe and extend in a helix around the longitudinal axis along the inner surface, the inner surface into which the grooves have been introduced, in a cross section at right angles to the longitudinal axis, has a diameter Di and a radius r1=Di/2, the grooves in the cross section at right angles to the longitudinal axis, in their groove base, each have the form of a circular arc and the circular arc has a radius r2, and the grooves each have a groove depth TT which, in the cross section at right angles to the longitudinal axis, corresponds in each case to the smallest distance between the circle having the diameter Di on which the inner surface lies and the center of which lies on the longitudinal axis, and the

Abstract: The present invention provides a low viscosity poly-?-olefin lubricating oil and a synthesis method thereof. The method comprises: (1) the ?-olefin raw material is subjected to dehydration treatment so that the water content in the raw material is ?10 ppm; (2) a reaction of the dehydration treated ?-olefin raw material is carried out in the presence of a complex catalyst and gaseous BF3 to obtain a reaction product, wherein the pressure of the gaseous BF3 is 0.01 to 1 MPa; (3) the reaction product obtained in step (2) is sequentially subjected to flash distillation, gas stripping, centrifugation, and washing treatment to obtain an intermediate product; (4) the intermediate product obtained in step (3) is subjected to distillation under reduced pressure to separate the unreacted ?-olefin raw material and ?-olefin dimers, and the remaining heavy fractions are subjected to hydrogenation saturation treatment followed by fractionation and cutting-off.

Abstract: Hydrocarbon feeds suitable for use as gasoline blending components containing olefins and aromatic compounds are alkylated in the presence of a catalyst by the olefins present in the feedstream to produce middle distillates having higher boiling points suitable for use as aviation and diesel fuel blending components.

Abstract: Low sulfur gasoline blend stock is produced by a hydrodesulfurization process including at least two hydrodesulfurization reactors with hydrogen feeds and two finishing reactors arranged where the first polishing reactor converts both thiophenic compounds and mercaptans to hydrogen sulfide and hydrocarbons and the second polishing reactor uses a catalyst that has much less thiophenic conversion activity but is operated at a higher temperature to more substantially reduce the sulfur content of the gasoline present in the form of mercaptans. As the conversion of thiophenes to hydrogen sulfide is correlated to reducing octane number, using a second polishing reactor that has little activity for thiophene conversion also protects the high-octane species in the gasoline thereby minimizing octane loss while reducing total sulfur content to acceptable levels. The sulfur left in the gasoline is biased toward higher thiophene content and away from mercaptan content.

Abstract: Methods and systems of producing chemical feedstocks from crude oil can include: introducing a fraction of crude oil into a catalytic hydrovisbreaker reactor, wherein the crude oil fraction is dealkylated after introduction; introducing a product stream from the catalytic hydrovisbreaker reactor and a solvent into a solvent de-asphalter unit; and introducing de-asphalted oil from the unit into a two-stage hydrocracker to produce the chemical feedstocks. The crude oil fraction can be atmospheric residue or vacuum residue. The chemical feedstocks can include C3? gases, C4-C5 gases, naphtha, BTX, and gas oil. The chemical feedstocks can be used to produce olefins and polymers.

Abstract: Low sulfur gasoline blend stock is produced by a hydrodesulfurization process including at least two hydrodesulfurization reactors with hydrogen feeds and two finishing reactors arranged where the first polishing reactor converts both thiophenic compounds and mercaptans to hydrogen sulfide and hydrocarbons and the second polishing reactor uses a catalyst that has much less thiophenic conversion activity but is operated at a higher temperature to more substantially reduce the sulfur content of the gasoline present in the form of mercaptans. As the conversion of thiophenes to hydrogen sulfide is correlated to reducing octane number, using a second polishing reactor that has little activity for thiophene conversion also protects the high-octane species in the gasoline thereby minimizing octane loss while reducing total sulfur content to acceptable levels. The sulfur left in the gasoline is biased toward higher thiophene content and away from mercaptan content.

Abstract: Aromatics extraction and hydrocracking processes are integrated with a stream pyrolysis unit to optimize the performance of the hydrocracking units by processing the aromatic-rich and aromatic-lean fractions separately in order to better control the hydrocracking operating severity and/or catalyst reactor volume design requirements.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for modifying or selecting processing conditions for bright stock formation based on compositional characterization of the feedstock and/or bright stock products. In some aspects, the compositional information can include Z-class characterization of the components of a feed and/or bright stock product, optionally in combination with carbon number and/or molecular weight for the components. The compositional information can be used to select processing conditions to allow for removal and/or modification of selected components within a bright stock in order to improve throughput and/or provide desirable cold flow properties.

Abstract: A universal feeder system that combines with a fluidized bed gasification reactor for the treatment of multiple diverse feedstocks including sewage sludge, municipal solid waste, wood waste, refuse derived fuels, automotive shredder residue and non-recyclable plastics. The invention thereby also illustrates a method of gasification for multiple and diverse feedstocks using a universal feeder system. The feeder system comprises one or more feed vessels and at least one live bottom dual screw feeder. The feed vessel is rectangular shaped having three vertical sides and an angled side of no less than 60 degrees from the horizontal to facilitate proper flow of feedstock material that have different and/or variable flow properties. The feedstocks are transferred through an open bottom chute to a live bottom dual screw feeder and through another open bottom chute to a transfer screw feeder that conveys feedstock to the fuel feed inlets of a gasifier.

Abstract: A separator system for treating a gas from a biomass gasification system, including: first and second cyclones, where the first cyclone includes an inlet for receiving a gas from a biomass gasification unit, the first cyclone being arranged for removing particulate matter from the gas from the biomass gasification unit in order to provide a first cleaner gas, piping arranged to lead the first cleaner gas to the second cyclone, where the second cyclone is arranged to remove particulate matter from the first cleaner gas in order to provide a second cleaner gas, a pipe arranged to lead the second cleaner gas to a special piping element, the latter including a burner, thereby providing a third cleaned gas, and a gas distribution unit arranged to lead the third cleaned gas to one or more tar reformer units. Also, a method of treating a gas from a biomass gasification system.

Abstract: A thermolysis oil derived from textile is described. The oil comprises an N-heterocyclic aromatic compound and/or a substituted derivative thereof in an amount of at least 2 wt. %. Also described is a method of providing a thermolysis oil, a feeder (100) for an apparatus (1) for thermolysing a textile, an apparatus (1) for thermolysing a textile and a use of waste textile.

Abstract: Improved fuel compositions and fuel additive packages which serve to prolong stability at various ambient conditions and to increase fuel efficiency and fuel economy while also significantly reducing the level of multiple emissions constituents generated upon combustion of the fuels including CO2, NOx, SOx, Particulate Matter PM2.5, PM10 and Black Carbon. The fuels may include the hydrocarbon fuels gasolines, diesel fuels, biodiesel fuels, biomass diesel fuels, renewable fuels, synthetic fuels, algae-based fuels, kerosene fuel or heavy fuel oils, or may alternatively be hydrosols, and include an additive package having a sorbitan oleate, a polyoxyethylene alcohol, an alkylene glycol, and an amine. The fuels are mixed with an additive and are emulsified with clean, soft water having a water quality of 1 micron or less.

Abstract: Described herein are associative polymers capable of controlling a physical and/or chemical property of non-polar compositions that can be used when the non-polar composition is in a flow, and related compositions, methods and systems. Associative polymers herein described have a non-polar backbone with a longest span having a molecular weight that remains substantially unchanged under the flow conditions and functional groups presented at ends of the non-polar backbone, with a number of the functional groups presented at the ends of the non-polar backbone formed by associative functional groups capable of undergoing an associative interaction with another associative functional group with an association constant (k) such that the strength of each associative interaction is less than the strength of a covalent bond between atoms and in particular less than the strength of a covalent bond between backbone atoms.

Abstract: A multipurpose fuel composition is disclosed which contains a petroleum derived jet fuel component and a renewable jet fuel component, wherein the multipurpose fuel composition has a freezing point of ?40° C. or below, and an exemplary cetane number more than 40, preferably more than 45, more preferably more than 50.

Abstract: A lubricating oil composition comprising a GTL (Gas to-Liquid) base oil synthesized by the Fischer-Tropsch process and a viscosity index improver, wherein the content of the viscosity index improver is 0.1 to 20 mass %, and at least HTHSV 50° C./HTHSV 150° C. is 6.50 or less and KV 50° C./HTHSV 150° C. is 8.00 or less.

Abstract: Disclosed is a cutting oil composition, which is vastly superior in view of layer separation, dispersibility, viscosity, ingot-cleaning time after sawing, and wafer warpage after sawing, compared to conventional cutting oil compositions, and which includes mineral oil that is highly hydrogenated, as represented by Chemical Formulas 1 to 3, bentonite clay as a thickener, and glycerol trioleate as a dispersant. A cutting method using the cutting oil composition is also provided.

Abstract: A lubricant system for reducing frictional noise includes: a textile fabric at least partially embedded in a lubricant, the lubricant including a comb polymer having a main polymer chain and a plurality of side chains covalently bonded to the main polymer chain. At least one of the side chains has a molecular weight of at least 60 g/mol and/or at least 5 repeat units.

Abstract: This disclosure provides a method for improving or maintaining antioxidant performance of a lubricating oil in an engine or other mechanical component lubricated with the lubricating oil by using as the lubricating oil a formulated oil. The formulated oil has a composition including a lubricating oil base stock as a major component, and at least one functionalized quercetin antioxidant, as a minor component. The at least one functionalized quercetin antioxidant is soluble in the lubricating oil. Antioxidant performance is improved or maintained as compared to antioxidant performance achieved using a lubricating oil containing a phenolic or aminic antioxidant, as determined by Lubricant Oxidation Test as described herein or Catalytic Oxidation Test as described herein. This disclosure also relates to lubricating oils having at least one functionalized quercetin antioxidant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to process for purifying renewable feedstock comprising at least one acidulated soap-stock, wherein said process comprises the steps, where the renewable feedstock comprising at least one fatty acid is treated in a treating step with an aqueous medium, and a first stream comprising water and a second stream comprising fatty acids are obtained, and the second stream is obtained as purified renewable feedstock.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for purifying renewable feedstock comprising fatty acids, said process comprising the steps, where the renewable feedstock comprising fatty acids comprises at least one acid oil and at least another renewable feedstock, and it is treated with an aqueous medium, to obtain a mixture, and a first stream comprising water is separated from said mixture and a second stream comprising fatty acids is obtained as purified renewable feedstock.

Abstract: A system for purifying cannabis miscella is provided comprising a feed tank enabled to store the miscealla derived from cannabis extraction, a plurality of optical sensor modules, at least one valve, an ultrafiltration membrane module; and at least one pump. Wherein a closed system enabled to maintain a positive or negative pressure created by the at least one pump, enabling moving a flow of the miscealla through the system, one optical sensor is positioned upstream and downstream from the ultrafiltration membrane, the at least one valve is positioned between ultrafiltration membrane and an outlet, and a level of opening the valve creates different levels of back pressure based on readings from the optical sensors.

Abstract: An improved material, preferably a biomaterial, is provided which is the reaction product of S8 and a free fatty acid or free fatty acid-containing material, preferably in the presence of metal. The improved material can be made by a method comprising reacting S8 with a free fatty acid to obtain a FFA/S8 composite and shaping the FFA/S8 composite into a solid form. The solid form of said FFA/S8 is melted to form melted FFA/S8 and the melted FFA/S8 is optionally applied as a coating on a surface, used as an adjacent material to a surface or the FFA/S8 composite itself is shaped thereby forming a device and preferably a medical device.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a highly selective process for the preparation of an ingredient comprising 1,3-Olein-2-palmitin (OPO), a triglyceride present in human breast milk. The present invention also relates to 1,3-Olein-2-palmitin (OPO) ingredient obtainable by the process.

Abstract: To provide a composition comprising highly enriched PUFA or its alkyl esters while containing fatty acid esters of 3-MCPD at adequately low concentrations and to provide an efficient method for producing the composition. MEANS FOR SOLVING A composition that contains fatty acids or fatty acid alkyl esters as its major component, the composition containing highly unsaturated fatty acid or alkyl ester thereof, wherein the proportion of the highly unsaturated fatty acid in the constituent fatty acids of the composition is 50 area % or more and wherein the concentration of 3-MCPD as found upon analyzing the composition by American Oil Chemists' Society official method Cd 29b-13 assay A is less than 1.80 ppm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a detergent composition for textile products, containing the following component (A) and component (B): component (A): an internal olefin sulfonate having 16 or more and 18 or less carbons; and component (B): an alkyl sulfate having 12 or more and 14 or less carbons.

Abstract: Foaming fibrous structures containing one or more particles, foaming fibrous structure products made therefrom, and methods for making same are provided.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to cleaning compositions and, more specifically, to cleaning compositions containing an etheramine that is suitable for removal of stains from soiled materials.

Abstract: The invention meets the needs above by providing a surfactant system, mixture or blend that can be used as a part of a soaking composition. The surfactant system is capable of forming emulsions with, and thus removing, oily and greasy stains. In a preferred embodiment the surfactant compositions of the invention can remove non-trans fat and fatty acid stains. The invention involves foaming soaking compositions that have some or part of the anionic surfactant present in the same replaced with an extended chain anionic surfactant.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions such as cleaning compositions comprising a mix of enzymes. The invention further relates, use of compositions comprising such enzymes in cleaning processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions such as cleaning compositions comprising a mix of enzymes. The invention further relates, use of compositions comprising such enzymes in cleaning processes and/or for deep cleaning of organic soiling, methods for removal or reduction of components of organic matter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions such as cleaning compositions comprising a mix of enzymes. The invention further relates, use of compositions comprising such enzymes in cleaning processes and/or for deep cleaning of organic soiling, methods for removal or reduction of components of organic matter.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions such as cleaning compositions comprising a mix of enzymes. The invention further relates, use of compositions comprising such enzymes in cleaning processes.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compositions such as cleaning compositions comprising a mix of enzymes. The invention further relates, use of compositions comprising such enzymes in cleaning processes and/or for deep cleaning of organic soiling, methods for removal or reduction of components of organic matter.

Abstract: The invention relates to stable dispersion of negatively-charged aminoplast microcapsules in non-suspending detergent compositions containing an anionic surfactant. The microcapsules are stably dispersed by means of a cationic polyampholyte, which is embedded in the shells of said microcapsules.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for treating fabrics by contacting the fabrics with an aqueous wash liquor at varying pH values that increase from about 7-9 to about 10-13 (optionally down to about 7-9), maintaining such contact at pH 10-13 for about 5-30 minutes, followed by contacting the fabrics with an aqueous rinse liquor at an acid pH value of about 4-6. Such method provides a significantly improved stain removal benefit without any formulation changes. Further, it enables the use of laundry detergent compositions that are essentially free of alkoxylated surfactants, such as alkylalkoxylated sulfates or alkylalkoxylated alcohols, while still delivering satisfactory stain removal results.

Abstract: A soap melting assembly includes a chest that is comprised of a microwave safe material thereby facilitating the chest to be heated in a microwave oven. A lid is hingedly coupled to the chest for closing the chest and the lid is comprised of a microwave safe material. A drawer is slidably positioned in the lid and the drawer is comprised of a microwave safe material. A block is stored in the drawer and the block is comprised of glass. The block is removable from the drawer and positioned on the plurality of soap slivers when the chest becomes filled with the soap slivers. Thus, the block compresses the soap slivers into a single bar when the chest and the soap slivers are heated in the microwave oven.

Abstract: A method for formulating a cleaning composition contains the step of coating a granular absorbent material with a coating agent to produce a coated absorbent material and mixing the coated absorbent material with a sanitation agent, wherein the coated absorbent material absorbs the sanitation agent to form the cleaning composition. The resulting cleaning composition may be used for cleaning up pathogens or hazardous materials. The cleaning composition may also functions as a liquefiable dry cleaning powder for public areas in response to bodily fluid incidents. A coating method of a non-toxic bio static film on a high surface area solid is disclosed.

Abstract: A solid composition contains (a) from 30 to 65% by weight of a polyethylene glycol, (b) from 0 to 40% by weight of a C8-C22-alkyl polyalkoxylate including at least 40 alkoxylate units, (c) from 0.5 to 15% by weight of free fragrance, (d) from 0.1 to 15% by weight of encapsulated fragrance, and (e) from 1 to 35% by weight of an alkaline metal salt, alkaline earth metal salt or salt of an inorganic or C1-C6-alkyl organic acid, or mixture thereof.

Abstract: Water disintegrable, foam producing articles comprise a soluble fibrous structure encasing a particulate effervescent cleaning composition comprising an effervescent agent, a particulate foaming surfactant, an effervescent activator, optionally an effervescent protection agent, and optionally an active agent. Methods of using the articles to clean surfaces are also provided.

Abstract: A beverage maker that controls a primary fermentation operation and a secondary fermentation operation based on recipe information of a beverage to be made. In the primary fermentation operation, the beverage maker controls a gas discharge valve to open a gas discharge channel for a first open time based on the recipe information, controls the gas discharge valve to close the gas discharge channel for a close time based on the recipe information after the first open time has elapsed, senses a variation in an inner pressure of a fermentation tank using the gas pressure sensor for the close time, and determine whether the primary fermentation operation is completed, based on the sensed variation.

Abstract: A beverage maker may include a fermenter having an opening; a fermentation lid hinged to the fermenter and configured to open and close the opening from above; a hinge shaft connected to the fermentation lid and configured to rotate with the fermentation lid; a rotary gear connected to the hinge shaft; and a gear damper provided at the fermenter and engaged with the rotary gear.

Abstract: Alcoholic beverages enriched with a neurotransmitter precursor are provided. The enriched alcoholic beverages, for example, beer, wine, fruit wine or spirit, afford enhanced euphoric feeling, elevated mood, motivation, focus and sociability, which exceed similar effects exerted by corresponding non-enriched beverages, yet reduce the adverse effects associated with alcohol consumption, particularly with intoxication. Further provided are methods for enhancing and prolonging a euphoric sensation associated with alcohol consumption, and methods for enhancing a desired cognitive ability, emotion, and/or a mental skill, comprising the provision to a subject, upon alcohol consumption, of an effective amount of at least one neurotransmitter and/or at least one neurotransmitter precursor and, optionally, one or more psychostimulant substances.

Abstract: A separator having a vertical rotation axis includes a rotatably mounted drum having a drum interior for centrifugal processing of a liquid. The separator also includes a gas supply line for introducing gas into the liquid, which opens into the drum interior.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates generally to toasted barrels or staves for aging wine. In particular, the present disclosure provides toasted barrels and staves for providing a wine contact surface having at least two crosswise portions to address the need for providing multiple flavor profiles releasable from a toasted barrel or stave, wherein the toasted barrel or stave includes multi-levels of toasting. The toasted barrel comprises a plurality of staves forming a barrel body having a wine contact surface. The barrel body includes at least a first crosswise portion and a second crosswise portion. The wine contact surface of the first crosswise portion is characterized by a first structural toast level and the wine contact surface of the second crosswise portion is characterized by a second structural toast level. The first and second structural toast levels are configured to release first and second flavor profiles, respectively, extractable to the wine.

Abstract: Three-dimensional scaffolds to facilitate engineered tissue growth are described herein. An exemplary scaffold comprises a first capillary element, a second capillary element, and a connective element that spans a distance between the first capillary element and the second capillary element, connecting the capillary elements. Tissues can be grown within the scaffold such that the tissues have highly vascularized structures with many capillaries running throughout. The scaffolds can be fabricated by selective electrochemical etching of a semiconductor element. The electrochemical etching can be controlled by way of a laser configured to stimulate multiphoton absorption in the semiconductor.

Abstract: A cell monitoring plate comprises a flat surface on which multiple cell culturing vessels may be stacked. The flats surface has multiple optical imaging systems embedded therein to fully image a cell culture vessels stacked on the plate. Each one of the multiple optical imaging systems provides both illumination and imaging through a single aperture in the surface of the monitoring plate.

Abstract: A platform and method for testing antibiotic sensitivity of a polymicrobial infection is provided. The platform includes a body defining a plurality of sets of chambers and a plurality of wells. Each set of chambers has a plurality of chambers adapted for culturing microbes of the polymicrobial infection therein. Each well is associated with a corresponding set of chambers and has an input in fluidic o communication with the outlets of the plurality of chambers in the corresponding set of chambers. Selected antibiotic therapies may be received in the wells which fluidically connect the plurality of chambers in a corresponding set of chambers such that microbes cultured in the plurality of chambers in the corresponding set of chambers are in soluble factor contact.