Abstract: A long-life catalyst which can be easily and inexpensively manufactured and has high activity and suppressed leakage of metal. A catalyst according to some embodiments includes: a substrate; and a first metal atom as a catalytic center. The substrate contains a non-metallic atom and a second metal atom, and the non-metallic atom is any one selected from the group consisting of a group 15 element, a group 16 element and a group 17 element.

Abstract: Provided is an exhaust gas purification catalyst of OSC material-containing type that allows a favorable HC purification (oxidation) treatment to be performed even in a case where HC emissions are comparatively large, such as during engine startup. The exhaust gas purification catalyst of the present invention includes, as a catalyst layer (20), a front section (24) positioned upstream in an exhaust gas flow direction, and a rear section (26) positioned downstream of the front section in the exhaust gas flow direction. The front section contains Pd as a catalyst metal but does not contain an OSC material. The proportion, at which the front section is formed from the upstream leading end in the exhaust gas flow direction, is 10% to 40% with respect to 100% of a total length of the substrate (1) in the exhaust gas flow direction.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a catalytically active material for the electrochemical oxidation of water, wherein the catalytically active material comprises an amorphous Ir-oxohydroxide, wherein the catalytically active material has a specific surface area (SBET) of ?50 m2.g?1; an electrode coated with the catalytically active material; a proton exchange membrane (PEM) based electrolyzer comprising the electrode; the use of the catalytically active material, the electrode or the electrolyzer the electrochemical oxidation of water; and a process for preparing the catalytically active material comprising the microwave-assisted thermal treatment of a basic solution of an Ir(III) or Ir(IV) complex.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for preparing a pre-reforming catalyst having resistance to deactivation by passage of steam in the absence of a reducing agent comprising ruthenium and an alumina support. Furthermore, the Ru/alumina catalyst according to the present invention becomes much more resistant to deposition of coke with the addition of Ag.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides SCR catalyst compositions, catalyst articles, and catalyst systems, as well as methods of reducing the amount of NOx present in an engine exhaust gas, particularly exhaust from a gasoline engine. The catalyst compositions particularly can comprise a doped ceria substrate, particularly a ceria support doped with at least a niobia component, and optionally further doped with a further material, particularly a base metal oxide (BMO).

Abstract: Catalysts for hydrodesulfurization (HDS), e.g., of fuel such DBT in a batch reactor, may include Ce-modified SBA CoMo-sulfided catalysts. The dispersion and catalytic activity of the active species (CoMoS2) may be influenced by the Ce—Si network in the support. The physico-chemical properties of such catalysts—textural properties, crystallinity, metal oxide reducibility, and Mo phases—were established, and BET surface area, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy analysis showed up to 2.5 wt. % Ce incorporation into the Si-network in SBA-15. Up to 2.5 wt. % Ce loading on the SBA-15 support can provide large BET surface area and total pore volume. The metal oxide reducibility and MoS2 phase in the sulfided 2.5Ce—S—CoMo catalyst indicate moderate metal-support interaction at 2.5Ce wt. %. Improved HDS activity was shown with Ce loading up to 2.5 wt. %, possibly due to Ce's facilitation of metal oxide reduction and dispersion of the MoS2 active phase via metal-support interaction.

Abstract: Provided is a catalyst mixture which, in a nitro group hydrogenation reaction of an aromatic nitro compound having a structure in which nitro groups and halogen atoms are directly bonded as substituents to a ring skeleton of the same ring while separated from each other, is capable of selectively hydrogenating the nitro groups and sufficiently reducing the removal of the halogen atoms from the ring. This catalyst mixture includes a catalyst which is used in a hydrogenation reaction of at least one among one or more nitro groups present in a reactant, which is an aromatic nitro compound having a structure in which one or more nitro groups and one or more halogen atoms are directly bonded as substituents to a ring skeleton of the same ring while separated from each other. This catalyst mixture further includes a base.

Abstract: The present invention is in the field of heterogeneous catalysis. Particularly, the present invention relates to a process for preparing catalysts advantageously usable in the hydrotreatment processes, for example in hydrodesulphurization, hydrodenitrogenation, hydrodearomatization processes of hydrocarbons. More in particular, the present invention relates to a process for obtaining said catalysts, which comprise mixed oxides of Nickel, Aluminum, Molybdenum and Tungsten and optionally a transition metal Me selected from the group consisting of Zn, Mn, Cd, and a mixture thereof, an organic component C, and possibly an inorganic binder B. Said mixed oxides comprise an amorphous phase and a pseudo-crystalline phase isostructural to Wolframite. The present invention further relates to said hydrotreatment catalysts and a hydrotreatment process wherein said catalysts are used.

Abstract: A novel catalyst and process for producing a mixed oxide material containing molybdenum, vanadium, tellurium and niobium is disclosed. The material can be used as a catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane to ethene or the oxidation of propane to acrylic acid.

Abstract: Methods are provided for formulation of catalysts with improved catalyst exposure lifetimes under oxygenate conversion conditions. In various additional aspects, methods are described for performing oxygenate conversion reactions using such catalysts with improved catalyst exposure lifetimes. The catalyst formulation methods can include formulation of oxygenate conversion catalysts with binders that are selected from binders having a surface area of roughly 250 m2/g or less, or 200 m2/g or less. In various aspects, during formulation, a weak base can be added to the zeotype crystals, to the binder material, or to the mixture of the zeotype and the binder. It has been unexpectedly discovered that addition of a weak base, so that the weak base is present in at least one component of the binder mixture prior to formulation, can result in longer catalyst exposure lifetimes under methanol conversion conditions.

Abstract: A vinylpyridine resin for a catalyst support; a method for producing thereof; and a catalyst for carbonylation of methanol are disclosed. The vinylpyridine resin has: content of nitrogen derived from a pyridine group of 3.00% by mass or more and 8.00% by mass or less; degree of crosslinking of 35% by mole or more and 70% by mole or less; molar ratio C/N of carbon atoms to nitrogen atoms of 12.00 or more and 36.00 or less; total pore volume of 0.20 cc/g or more and 0.45 cc/g or less; specific surface area of 70.0 m2/g or more and 280 m2/g or less; average pore diameter of 5.0 nm or more and 25.0 nm or less; and proportion of a volume of pores having a pore diameter of 10 nm or more to a volume of the whole pores of 4.0% or more and 90.0% or less.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel poly(heptazine imides), a photocatalytic system comprising such poly(heptazine imides) and a sulfur source as well as the application thereof in photocatalytic reactions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method for selectively reducing, using electrical energy, CO2 to carbon monoxide or formic acid, a catalyst for use in the method, and an electrochemical reduction system.

Abstract: [Mn3SrO4] cluster compounds are synthesized in a single step from raw materials consisting of simple and inexpensive Mn2+, Sr2+ inorganic compounds and carboxylic acids by using permanganate anion as oxidant. This step can be followed by the synthesis of asymmetric biomimetic water splitting catalyst [Mn4SrO4] cluster compounds in the presence of water. The [Mn4SrO4] cluster compound can catalyze the splitting of water in the presence of an oxidant to release oxygen gas. The neutral [Mn3SrO4](R1CO2)6(R1CO2H)3 cluster compound can serve as precursors for the synthesis of biomimetic water splitting catalysts, and can be utilized in the synthesis of different types of biomimetic water splitting catalysts. [Mn4SrO4](R1CO2)8(L1)(L2)(L3)(L4) cluster compounds can serve as artificial water splitting catalysts, can be utilized on the surface of an electrode or in the catalyzed splitting of water driven by an anoxidant.

Abstract: Compositions of manganese accumulating plants.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a photocatalyst composition having visible light activity for hydrogen production through water splitting. More particularly, the present invention discloses a photocatalyst composition comprising a zinc oxide nanoparticles and a conjugated organic moiety selected from the group consisting of oligothiophenes, azo dyes, and perylenes.

Abstract: A method for regeneration of ion exchange material employed in a water softening or conditioning system. The method includes the step of contacting the ion exchange material with an aqueous process fluid to yield a regenerated ion exchange material. At least one target material associated with the resin is removed. The target material includes at least one of the following: metal ions such as those that have been extracted from a source of hard water, ionically soluble organic compounds, active water borne pathogens.

Abstract: A cartridge and system involving a joint spectroscopic and biosensor blood analyzer for measurement of at least two hemoglobin species in a patient's blood sample by spectroscopy, and measurement of at least pH of the blood sample by biosensor, for assessing the patient's oxygenation and acid-base status. The cartridge comprises a housing having a first housing member and a second housing member bonded together by a gasket. The housing comprises a cartridge inlet; a blood storage conduit; an optical chamber; a biosensor conduit; a waste receptacle; a vent; an air bladder, an air bladder exit port; and, an optical window and an aligned optical member, the aligned optical member being one of a reflecting member or a second optical window, and being positioned to align with at least a portion of the optical chamber and at least a portion of the optical window.

Abstract: The present invention is a cuvette assembly for use in optically measuring at least one characteristic of particles within a plurality of liquid samples. The cuvette assembly comprises a main body having internal walls and external walls, and a plurality of cuvettes within the main body at least partially being defined by the internal walls. Each of the plurality of cuvettes has a liquid-input chamber for receiving a respective one of the plurality of liquid samples, a filter, and an optical chamber for receiving a respective filtered liquid sample caused by passing the respective one of the plurality of liquid samples through the filter. Each of the optical chambers includes an entry window for allowing transmission of an input light beam through the filtered liquid sample and an exit window for transmitting a forward scatter signal caused by the particles within the filtered liquid sample.

Abstract: A cartridge device for analyzing a body liquid comprises a first member having a plurality of wells for performing assays, and a second member having a compartment for holding at least one disposable pipette tip.

Abstract: The disclosure pertains to a microfluidic cartridge comprising at least one microchannel and at least a set of functionalized microcarriers, the microcarriers being localized within the microchannel, wherein the functionalized microcarriers are coated with at least a lyoprotectant.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are devices and methods for measuring the effect of chemokines and electric fields on cell migration. This approach is inherently non-contact and does not require injection of current. For example, disclosed herein is a device for assessing cell migration that comprises a cell migration chamber and an electromagnet positioned to produce a uniform electric field across the length of the chamber. Also disclosed is a method for assaying a cell that involves loading cells into the disclosed device along with a chemokine in an amount to produce a chemokine gradient, activating the electromagnet to produce an electric field across the cell migration chamber, and imaging the cells to measure the dual effect of the chemokine and the electric field on the cells.

Abstract: A microfluidic apparatus includes a substrate defining a microchannel having inlet and an outlet defining a length of the microchannel. The microchannel has a main channel extending from the inlet to the outlet, and a plurality of side cavities extending from the main channel. The cavities are in fluid communication with the main channel. A method includes introducing a sample into the microchannel through the inlet to fill the entire microchannel, and then introducing a solvent into the microchannel through the inlet at a controlled flow rate and inlet pressure. A developed solvent front then moves along the main channel from the inlet to the outlet while displacing the sample in the main channel. Images of the microchannel are acquired as the front moves, and a miscibility condition is determined based on the images.

Abstract: An example device includes a microfluidic channel and a movable element retained in the microfluidic channel to move from a first position to a second position by fluid flow through the microfluidic channel. The device includes a sensor to take a sensor reading to determine fluid flow through the microfluidic channel. The device includes a microfluidic pump to return the movable element from the second position to the first position. The device includes a controller to actuate the microfluidic pump and to determine a flow rate of the fluid flow through the microfluidic channel based on the sensor reading.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are device and method for isolating matters of interest (MOIs) from a urine sample. The thus isolated MOIs may be analyzed for the levels and/or patterns of biomarkers expressed thereon and/or therein. The determined levels and/or patterns of the biomarkers in the MOIs may serve as an indicator for diagnosis and/or prognosis of a pathological condition in a subject. The device of the present disclosure includes at least one filter configured to retain at least three populations of MOIs independently having a size between 1.0-20 ?m, 0.20-1.0 ?m, or 0.05-0.20 ?m in diameter.

Abstract: A fluidic device holder configured to orient a fluidic device. The device holder includes a support structure configured to receive a fluidic device. The support structure includes a base surface that faces in a direction along the Z-axis and is configured to have the fluidic device positioned thereon. The device holder also includes a plurality of reference surfaces facing in respective directions along an XY-plane. The device holder also includes an alignment assembly having an actuator and a movable locator arm that is operatively coupled to the actuator. The locator arm has an engagement end. The actuator moves the locator arm between retracted and biased positions to move the engagement end away from and toward the reference surfaces. The locator arm is configured to hold the fluidic device against the reference surfaces when the locator arm is in the biased position.

Abstract: Viral filters include a filter member featuring a first surface and a second surface and having a thickness extending between the first and second surfaces in a first direction, and a plurality of channels formed in the filter member, each of the channels having a channel axis, where during use, a solution carrying a viral load flows in a direction parallel to the first surface, and at least a portion of the viral load enters the membrane through the first surface and propagates in the first direction, and where for at least 50% of the channels in the filter member, the channel axis is oriented at an angle of between 5 degrees and 85 degrees relative to the first direction.

Abstract: Methods and systems are provided for isolating fetal cells from a maternal blood supply in order to perform non-invasive prenatal testing. In one example, a system for non-invasive prenatal testing includes a substrate coated with a cell-capturing surface, the cell-capturing surface including an array of pillar-like structures, each pillar-like structure including a plurality of intersecting arms.

Abstract: Provided herein is technology relating to microfluidics and particularly, but not exclusively, to methods, devices, and systems for solid phase sample capture and washing for continuously flowing droplet microfluidics.

Abstract: An analytical system that includes a flow cell, a liquid delivery component, a gas delivery component and a bubble generator component, wherein the liquid delivery component is configured to deliver liquid from one or more reservoirs to the bubble generator component, wherein the gas delivery component is configured to deliver gas from one or more source to the bubble generator component, and wherein the bubble generator component is configured to mix liquids from the liquid delivery component with gas from the gas delivery component to deliver a fluid foam to the inside of the flow cell, wherein the fluid foam includes bubbles of the gas in the liquid.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and their methods of use, for generating droplets are provided. One or more geometric parameters of a microfluidic channel can be selected to generate droplets of a desired and predictable droplet size.

Abstract: A microfluidic emulsion droplet generation system and methods of use thereof are provided. The system may include a microfluidic substrate having a flow path configured and arranged for emulsion droplet generation, at least one textured surface in the flow path configured and arranged for inducing surface-mediated coalescence of emulsion droplets; and at least one channel junction in the flow path for emulsion droplet formation.

Abstract: A microfluidic system includes: an electro-wetting on dielectric (EWOD) cartridge having an element array configured to receive liquid droplets, the element array including individual array elements each including array element circuity comprising sensing circuitry that is integrated into the array element circuitry; a microfluidic instrument that is configured to receive the EWOD cartridge and having an electrically conductive locator that is external to the EWOD cartridge; and a control system configured perform electrowetting operations by controlling actuation voltages applied to the element array to perform manipulation operations as to liquid droplets present on the element array. The control system further is configured to read an output from the sensing circuitry, determine a position of the locator relative to the element array based on the output, and determine a misalignment of the EWOD cartridge relative to the microfluidic instrument based on the position of the locator.

Abstract: To improve a sealing property of a reaction container over a period before and after implementing gene amplification processing. A gene amplification device includes: a reaction container holder having a container insertion part into which a main body of a reaction container including the main body and a lid attached to an upper portion of the main body is inserted, the reaction container holder having a function of raising and lowering a temperature of the reaction container inserted into the container insertion part; and a heat seal part disposed near an contacting portion between the main body and the lid of the reaction container inserted into the container insertion part of the reaction container holder, the heat seal part heating a temperature of the contacting portion to a temperature higher than a heatproof temperature of the main body or the lid of the reaction container.

Abstract: A crushing system for large-size natural gas hydrate rock samples, which mainly includes a crushing and stirring control subsystem, crushing and stirring execution subsystem and hydrate preparation subsystem. Full automatic control to parameter acquisition and experimental process is achieved by utilizing modern automation technology, including the function of automatically crushing the large-size natural gas hydrate rock samples and also monitoring, collecting and storing the drilling pressure, the torque and the internal furnace pressure and temperature parameters during the crushing process in real time, to provide reliable guarantee for the follow-up researches on crushing mechanism, crushing efficiency, drilling parameter optimization, rock crushing ability evaluation of a crushing tool and the like of the large-size natural gas hydrate rock samples and necessary experimental verification means for optimization of on-site exploiting construction conditions of natural gas hydrate.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an adaptive and rapid repairing device for single roller, which includes a working module and a mechanical arm module, which are fixedly connected, where the mechanical arm module is connected with a movable module; the working module includes a supporting frame, symmetrical dovetail grooves are opened in two sides of the supporting frame, the dovetail grooves are movably connected with four sliding supports symmetrically arranged along the supporting frame; a connecting rod support penetrates the two through holes opened in the top of the sliding support, the top end of the connecting rod support is hinged with a long connecting rod; the supporting frame is provided with a worm gear mounting support, the worm gear mounting support is equipped with worm gears and worms through rotating shafts, and the worm is fixedly connected with an output shaft of a worm motor.

Abstract: A viscous food dispensing system includes a chute inlet configured to funnel particulate food product into a sleeve and a transport device having an over-center cutout. The transport device is configured to rotate within the sleeve to convey the particulate food product. A processing surface extends downward from the chute inlet towards a curved base of the sleeve along a portion of the transport device. The processing surface is spaced laterally apart from the transport device to define a processing zone between the processing surface and the transport device. The particulate food product is processed as the particulate food product is captured between a leading edge of the over-center cutout and the processing surface while the transport device is rotating.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing pulp using corn stalks may include cutting the corn stalks into pieces having a length of 10 to 60 mm, separating and discharging the cut corn stalks into rind and pith using a separation unit while crushing the cut corn stalks, pretreating the corn stalks by filtering the rind and pith of the corn stalks and flakes of the rind, removing a portion of hemicellulose of the rind, and cooking the rind from which the portion of hemicellulose has been removed, using caustic soda and sodium carbonate.

Abstract: An energy-saving auto feed shredder which includes an operable cover as configured in a conventional auto feed shredder, with a pressing device configured on the cover. Once the cover is open, other components are exposed, such as a feeder base or compartment to place the stack of paper, a feeder slot in the middle of the feeder base or compartment, feeding mechanisms on both sides of the feeder slot, and a shredder mechanism below the feeder slot; when the cover is closed, the pressing device applies a pressure on the stack of paper inside the feeder base, and the feeding mechanisms in relative motion on both sides of the feeder slot captures and pulls the sheet at the bottom of the stack of paper under pressure, and force it to fold toward the feeder slot, and be delivered to the shredder mechanism. Repeatedly, new sheet of paper is captured, pulled, folded and delivered by the feeding mechanism, until the whole stack of paper is shredded.

Abstract: A method and system providing for comminution and concurrent flash freezing of botanical biomass. The botanical biomass is introduced into a pneumatic loop where it is subject to comminution and a cryogenic process within said pneumatic loop and subsequently discharged from said pneumatic loop.

Abstract: The invention consists of a continuous sorting method and device which highlights the trajectory differences to which fibers of different form factors and particles charged under the joint influence of electrical forces and a centrifugal force could be subjected. Thus, according to the sorting method, the conditions exploit this difference in order to recover/collect the fibers separated from the non-fibrous particles present in the same initial aerosol or to sort fibers exhibiting different form factors.

Abstract: Provided is a centrifuge including: a rotary chamber configured to rotate so that centrifugal force acts on a substance contained in the rotary chamber; a storage unit configured to store a certain component separated from the substance in the rotary chamber by the centrifugal force according to rotation of the rotary chamber; and a filter located between the storage unit and the rotary chamber and through which the certain component, which is separated from the substance in the rotary chamber by the centrifugal force according to the rotation of the rotary chamber, passes to be stored in the storage unit. The storage unit includes a return prevention unit configured to prevent the certain component, which is separated from the substance in the rotary chamber by the centrifugal force according to the rotation of the rotary chamber and is stored in the storage unit, from returning from the storage unit to the rotary chamber.

Abstract: A sprinkler assembly can include a water inlet and a nozzle assembly. The nozzle assembly can include a nozzle tube having a nozzle positioned at the downstream end of the nozzle tube. The sprinkler assembly can include a user replaceable wear disc at least partially surrounding the nozzle tube. A deflector assembly can be connected to the nozzle assembly and can include a distribution plate positioned downstream of the nozzle and configured to deflect water from the nozzle. The deflector assembly can include a cage having one or more arms connected to the distribution plate and extending from the distribution plate toward upstream end of the nozzle tube. The deflector assembly can include an upstream collar portion connected to the at least one arm and having one or more load surfaces configured to contact the wear disc, wherein the wear disc is configured to bear at least a majority of a weight of the deflector assembly.

Abstract: An injector includes a housing including a fluid passage extending from an inlet of the housing to an outlet end of the housing. An actuator is mounted within the housing. A pintle extends along a longitudinal axis from an actuator end to a pintle head. The actuator end of the pintle is operatively connected to the actuator for actuation along the longitudinal axis. A tip member is mounted to the outlet end of the housing. The tip member includes an outlet orifice and a pintle seat. In a seated position of the pintle, the pintle head blocks flow to the outlet orifice. In an open position of the pintle, the pintle head allows flow. The pintle head includes a swirl passage therein, wherein the swirl passage is angled tangential relative to the longitudinal axis to induce swirl on flow passing between the pintle head and the pintle seat.

Abstract: A nozzle comprising: a main body having a sidewall, a first end and, a second end, wherein the main body has a central channel extending from the first end to the second end and at least one aperture extending through the sidewall distal to the second end and a retention means is positioned within the channel positioned between the second end and the at least one aperture; a collar having a lip disposed at a first end and a securement means disposed at a second end adjustably attached to the main body, wherein a cavity is formed between the main body and the collar and in a first position the lip creates a tight seal with the main body; a blocker positioned within the channel of the main body, wherein the blocker freely rotating about a central axis of the channel; and a means of axially retaining the blocker within the channel.

Abstract: In an electrostatic atomization coating apparatus including a nozzle head including a plurality of coating material ejection ports; a coating material chamber that is provided inside the nozzle head and to which a coating material is supplied via a coating material supply path, each of the coating material ejection ports being in communication with the coating material chamber via an individual branch coating material path; and a voltage application device that provides a potential difference between the nozzle head and an object to be coated, the coating material ejected from each of the coating material ejection ports via the coating material supply path, the coating material chamber, and the branch coating material path being brought into a charged state through application of a voltage by the voltage application device, an open/close valve device that opens and closes all of the branch coating material paths, or opens and closes a specific subset of a plurality of branch coating material paths out of all

Abstract: The present invention provides a multi-mode high-pressure foam lance, which includes a foam-making component and a spray-mode component, wherein the foam-making component and the spray-mode component are connected through a sheath, the sheath is internally provided with an air mixing connecting tube, the spray-mode component includes a foam-making eccentric disc and a nozzle-mode rotary disc, an axis of the foam-making eccentric disc and an axis of the nozzle-mode rotary disc are fixedly connected through a positioning screw, a positioning pin is arranged between the foam-making eccentric disc and the nozzle-mode rotary disc, a spray hole of the foam-making eccentric disc is corresponding to a nozzle of the nozzle-mode rotary disc, and metallic foaming cotton is arranged between the foam-making eccentric disc and the air mixing connecting tube.

Abstract: A discharging nozzle mounted to an aerosol container in which the foamable contents are filled is provided with an inner passage extending in an axial direction of the discharging nozzle, a closing part which closes a top end of the inner passage, and an opening part which opens in a side of the inner passage. Further, an opening inner peripheral surface configuring an opening part is provided with a pair of side surfaces which controls a discharging direction of the foamable contents discharged outside through the opening part from the inner passage.

Abstract: Provided is a dual spray nozzle tip assembly having a geometry that is split into several sub components to enable robust manufacturing and assembly of the resulting nozzle. The nozzle tip assembly is configured to be attached to a device configured to provide a pressurized fluid and gas therefrom. The nozzle tip assembly comprising an elongated body defining a fluid lumen and at least one gas lumen between a distal end and a proximal end. The elongated body including at least an attachment profile, a straight portion, and an outlet region. The outlet region defines a shear nozzle in communication with the fluid lumen and at least one gas outlet in communication with the at least one gas lumen, the outlet region is configured to direct pressurized gas from the at least one gas outlet and to produce a desired spray pattern from the shear nozzle.

Abstract: The invention provides apparatus for spray coating of substrates using a rotary bell cup atomizer equipped with an air-driven main turbine and a supply of pressurized primary shaping air conveyed through primary shaping air channels and nozzles for controlling the shape of the atomized spray pattern exiting the bell cup edge, the apparatus further including an auxiliary, independently air-driven turbine equipped with a rotatable vortex generator, and including a separate air supply of secondary shaping air for supplying secondary shaping air through secondary air channels and nozzles to further control the shape of the atomized spray pattern exiting the bell cup, which secondary shaping air, on passing through the vortex generator, produces a curtain of shaping air in a vortex-like pattern, which, in conjunction with and mixing with the primary shaping air from the primary air nozzles, produces improved pattern control, transfer efficiency and quality of coating on the substrate.