Abstract: An industrial oven includes an oven chamber configured to receive a plurality of workpieces for drying or curing. A heater box of the oven has a heating element therein operable to heat air for delivery to the oven chamber. A circulation system of the oven is operable to force hot air from the heater box into the oven chamber. A VOC oxidation catalyst is provided in the circulation system.

Abstract: An inward gas/liquid distribution structure used in microchannel heat exchangers is disclosed. The inward gas/liquid distribution structure can help optimizing refrigerant distribution for a microchannel heat exchanger with long distribution pipe or a microchannel heat exchanger having significant wind field differences. The inward gas/liquid distribution structure includes an inlet header component. The inlet header component has n inlets that are configured to allow gas/liquid to enter the inlet header component, and “n” is an integer that is greater than or equal to 2. The inward gas/liquid distribution structure also includes m distribution components. The m distribution components are located in the inlet header component and connected to the n inlets, respectively. In an example, the number m equals to the number n.

Abstract: A heat pipe has a flat container; a wick structure housed inside the flat container; and a working fluid sealed inside the flat container, wherein in at least one cross section of the flat container, the wick structure contacts both of the pair of flat inner surfaces of the flat container, and both side faces of the wick structure do not contact any of the inner surfaces of the flat container, wherein the wick structure has a first wick part and a second wick part, respectively disposed in the lengthwise direction of the flat container, the second wick part being directly or indirectly connected to the first wick part and having a maximum width that is wider than a maximum width of the first wick part, and wherein the second wick part is disposed in the heat receiving portion of the heat pipe.

Abstract: An outdoor heat exchanger includes a plurality of flat multi-hole tubes, a return header, a plurality of heat transfer fins, and a partition including a concave-convex portion on the leeward side. A space inside the return header to which the flat multi-hole tubes are connected is formed so as to cause a larger amount of refrigerant to flow on the upstream side than on the downstream side in an airflow direction.

Abstract: A circular heatsink can include a thermally conductive cylinder with an outer circumferential surface and an inner circumferential surface. An emissive and convective and convective surface area can extend radially from the outer circumferential surface. At least one thermally conductive ledge can extend from the inner circumferential surface and be configured to support a planar substrate having heat-generating electrical components. Air flow over the emissive and convective surface area can cause thermal conduction away from the heat-generating electrical components and through the at least one thermally conductive ledge, the thermally conductive cylinder, and the emissive and convective surface area.

Abstract: A heat exchanger plate having a planar plate having an inlet and outlet proximate to a first edge of the heat exchanger plate. The planar plate having a plurality of ribs and a plurality of channels, with the plurality of channels being in a plane different from the planar plate. The plurality of channels being in fluid communication from the inlet to the outlet permitting fluid flow from the inlet to the outlet. A protrusion coupled to the planar plate proximate to the first edge of the heat exchanger plate and laterally extending from an axis, with the heat exchanger plate being susceptible to bending about the axis.

Abstract: A cooling structure includes a plurality of heat radiation parts configured to cool a heat generating component and a holding member configured to hold the plurality of heat radiation parts. Moreover, the heat radiation parts of the cooling structure each include a base portion located on the side of the heat generating component and a fin portion extending from the base portion and radiating heat. Furthermore, the base portions of the heat radiation parts abut on each other.

Abstract: A heat exchanger includes a heat transfer tube in which a plurality of tube body portions are arranged in a two-tier staggered pattern in a flow direction of heating gas, and a fin, wherein a plurality of cut-out recessed portions are provided in the fin by cutting out sites between first and second upstream side tube body portions, and each cut-out recessed portion extends toward a downstream side in the flow direction of the heating gas beyond the site between the first and second upstream side tube body portions so as to cross straight lines linking a center of a first downstream side tube body portion, which is positioned between the first and second upstream side tube body portions in the width direction, and respective centers of the first and second upstream side tube body portions. Thus, the temperature distribution of the fin is made even, thereby suppressing the generation of thermal stress, and as a result, distortion of the heat transfer tube is suppressed.

Abstract: A heat exchanger having a core. A header is on a side of the core, and a tank is brazed to the header. A connector is brazed to an outer surface of the tank. A welding aperture is defined by the tank beneath the connector. A weld at the welding aperture secures the connector to the tank prior to brazing of the connector and the tank together.

Abstract: A heat transfer surface with a convective cooling layer includes a metal substrate and a porous metal foam layer transient liquid phase (TLP) bonded on the metal substrate. The porous metal foam layer includes a plurality of high melting temperature (HMT) particles and a plurality of micro-channels. A first TLP intermetallic layer is positioned between, and TLP bonds together, adjacent HMT particles to form the porous metal foam layer. A second TLP intermetallic layer is positioned between and TLP bonds a subset of the plurality of HMT particles to the metal substrate such that the porous metal foam layer is TLP bonded to the metal substrate. The plurality of micro-channels extend from an outer surface of the porous metal foam layer to the metal substrate such that a cooling fluid may be wicked through the plurality of micro-channels to the surface of the metal substrate.

Abstract: A cooling tower is provided having a heat exchange section, and a fan for moving air through the heat exchange section. A water distribution assembly provides water onto and through the heat exchange section. An air inlet section is provided through which air is drawn into the cooling tower and the heat exchange section. The air inlet section has outside edges and corners. A wall assembly is provided in the air inlet section, with the wall assembly extending from the corners of the air inlet section inwardly. The water passing through the heat exchange section enters the air inlet section, and exits to a sump beneath the air inlet section. The air inlet section is comprised of a structure having outside edges and corners, and the wall assembly is comprised of a plurality of wall panel sections. Each wall panel section has an outer edge at a corner of the air inlet section, and each wall panel section extends inwardly from the corner of the air inlet section.

Abstract: A plant or refinery may include equipment such as reactors, heaters, heat exchangers, regenerators, separators, or the like. Types of heat exchangers include shell and tube, plate, plate and shell, plate fin, air cooled, wetted-surface air cooled, or the like. Operating methods may impact deterioration in equipment condition, prolong equipment life, extend production operating time, or provide other benefits. Mechanical or digital sensors may be used for monitoring equipment, and sensor data may be programmatically analyzed to identify developing problems. For example, sensors may be used in conjunction with one or more system components to detect and correct maldistribution, cross-leakage, strain, pre-leakage, thermal stresses, fouling, vibration, problems in liquid lifting, conditions that can affect air-cooled exchangers, conditions that can affect a wetted-surface air-cooled heat exchanger, or the like. An operating condition or mode may be adjusted to prolong equipment life or avoid equipment failure.

Abstract: A castle nut has a groove around an exterior circumference thereof. An end plate has a through hole extending in a direction perpendicular to a longitudinal axis of a firearm. When a buffer tube is threaded onto a lower receiver of the firearm with the buffer tube traversing through the castle nut and the end plate, the castle nut can be screwed in a direction toward the lower receiver to fasten the end plate against the lower receiver. When the end plate is fastened against the lower receiver by the castle nut, the securing device can be screwed into the through hole of the end plate such that a portion of the securing device is engaged with the groove of the castle nut to prevent the castle nut to be loosened by being unscrewed in a direction away from the lower receiver.

Abstract: Pistols with frame inserts have a frame having a grip, the frame having spaced apart upper sidewall portions having upper edges defining a slide interface plane, the upper sidewall portions being planar elements each having inner faces facing each other and exterior faces facing away from each other, each upper sidewall portion defining a side opening adjacent to the slide interface plane and having a perimeter spaced apart from the slide interface plane, a frame insert including pistol action components connected to the frame, and the frame insert having opposed insert sidewalls, each frame insert sidewall having a selected portion registered with and occupying a respective one of the side openings of the frame. The frame may define a cavity width between selected portions of the inner faces adjacent to the frame side openings, and wherein the frame insert has a width at the selected portion greater than the cavity width.

Abstract: An upper receiver for the one family of firearms allows for the use of a bolt of another firearm family in the firearm action. In the depicted embodiment, an AR-15 bolt and its carrier group are simple drop-in with only the addition of a sear plate, clamp, and an insert into the bolt carrier group. The depicted receiver is designed to also prevent its use on the semi-automatic variants of the MAC family.

Abstract: Methods, apparatus, systems and articles of manufacture for magazine release and holding apparatus for use with firearms are disclosed. An example magazine release and holding apparatus for a firearm comprises a magazine release slide to transfer a magazine holding element between a holding position and a release position, an end of the magazine release slide including one or more guide elements extending perpendicular to a longitudinal direction of the magazine release slide, and an operating handle including one or more counter guide recesses sized to receive the one or more guide elements and couple the operating handle to the magazine release slide, the operating handle projecting from a side of a handle piece of the firearm, wherein the operating handle is exchangeable and mountable to the magazine release slide by coupling or decoupling the operating handle and the magazine release slide.

Abstract: A handgun that can be configured to different firing settings. The settings provide for selectively firing a single round or two or more rounds. The handgun can include a body with two or more barrels. The handgun can also include a cylinder with different chambers positioned into groups that align with the barrels. The handgun includes a switch that can be moved to configure the handgun between the different settings.

Abstract: A sporting equipment is disclosed. The sporting equipment may include a harness, and a protective plate. The protective plate may be integrally formed with the harness from a plurality of fibers that are continuous from the harness into the protective plate.

Abstract: A firearm sound suppressor and associated methods. The suppressor can include first and second firearm connectors at opposite ends of the suppressor for connecting to firearm mounts of different types. The suppressor can include symmetrical baffling and/or symmetrical gas flow passaging such that sound reduction performance of the suppressor is generally the same notwithstanding whether the first or second firearm connectors is used to connect the suppressor to the firearm. A protector can be used to protect the firearm connector that is not connected to the firearm.

Abstract: An integrally suppressed firearm in one embodiment includes a rear firing portion defining an axial projectile bore and front suppressor portion. The suppressor portion includes a longitudinal stack of sound suppression baffles each defining a gas expansion chamber in fluid communication with the projectile bore. A mounting rod extends rearward from a front end cap of the suppressor portion and threadably engages a mounting adapter that removably couples the suppressor portion to the firing portion. A muzzle cap disposed inside a rearmost baffle removably couples the mounting adapter to the firing portion. When tightened, the rod axially compresses the baffle stack and forms a combustion gas tight enclosure without need for an additional external pressure retention tube or sleeve. The baffles are configured to form a press-fit frictional interlock with each other such that the baffle stack is self-supporting. An optional accessory rail may be coupled to the adapter.

Abstract: A firearm assembly is disclosed. The firearm assembly may include a slide comprising a guide slot and a barrel attachment comprising a main body and an elongated guide beam. The elongated guide beam may be configured to slide within the guide slot.

Abstract: An apparatus for mounting a weapon to a support structure comprising a pintle assembly including a slide block; a pintle coupled to the slide block; a pintle lever with a handle and a rod rotatably coupled to the slide block; and a clamp assembly including a fixed jaw having a first end and a second end forming at least one knuckle; a moveable jaw having a first end and a second end forming a pin; and a clamp lever that releasably couples the first end of the fixed jaw with the first end of the moveable jaw; wherein the pin of the moveable jaw is rotatably coupled to the at least one knuckle of the fixed jaw; the pintle lever is rotatably coupled to the fixed jaw of the clamp assembly; and the pintle assembly and the clamp assembly are rotatably and releasably coupled to each other.

Abstract: A bipod has a first frame portion, the first frame portion having a mounting facility adapted to connect to a firearm, a second frame portion connected to the first frame portion, at least a first leg connected to the second frame portion, the first frame portion and second frame portion being connected by way of a ball and socket joint, and the legs being movable with respect to the second frame portion between a stowed position in which they are adjacent the firearm and a deployed position in which they extend away from the firearm. The ball and socket joint may include at least one of the first and second frame portions having a ball element having a convex spherical surface portion, and the other of the first and second frame portions having a concave surface portion closely receiving the convex spherical surface portion to limit relative translational motion.

Abstract: A gun transport system is described for safely and securely transporting guns in a bed of a utility vehicle. The gun transport system comprises a support frame that mounts to the sidewalls of the vehicle bed and two or more gun cases that can be releaseably secured to the support frame. The support frame includes two frame sections that are pivotally connected at one end to a sidewall of the vehicle bed and pivotally connected to one another at the opposite end. The three-point pivot arrangement enables the support frame to fit vehicle beds of varying width. The support frame supports the gun cases at an angled position so that the gun cases are easily accessible from the sides of the vehicle and the front end of the gun case pointing upwardly.

Abstract: A fluid throwing apparatus with a base that is made from substantially fluid-tight flexible material. A handle is attached to the base, at least a portion of the handle being flexibility, which when attached to the base causes the base to form into a cup or scoop shape when it is at least partially filled with a fluid. When thrown, the fluid is carried by the base and then released. In another embodiment the edge/rim of the base could be attached to a player and, when thrown, the attachment would pull back on an edge/rim of the base to release the fluid.

Abstract: Stocks for aimable devices are provided. In one aspect, stock has a body mechanically associated with the aimable device and movable to determine an aiming axis of the aimable device, a shoulder mount positioned proximate to one end of the body, a firing grip positioned apart from the shoulder mount along a length of the body; a support leg having a mounting end pivotably mounted to the body between the firing grip and an end of the body opposite from the shoulder mount and having a foot end movable between a first range of positions and a second range of positions and a receiver located between the mounting of the support leg to the body and the firing grip and adapted to releasably hold the support leg in the first range of positions wherein the at least one support leg provides a grippable forestock.

Abstract: In aspects of the invention, an arrow slide is provided with a body having a first opening with a plurality of first edges arranged in a generally triangular configuration within which a first diameter can be received, a second opening with a plurality of second edges arranged in the generally triangular configuration within which the first diameter can be received; sidewalls linking corresponding ones of the first plurality of edges to the plurality of second edges to create a passageway extending from the first opening to the second opening through which an arrow can slide; and a string mount to which a bowfishing line can be joined.

Abstract: Provided herein are fluid jet enhancement adapters for use with a propellant driven disrupter, and more particularly muzzle blast suppressor. The fluid jet enhancement muzzle blast suppressor may comprise a suppressor bore extending between the proximal end and the distal end with an inner suppressor surface that defines the suppressor bore. An outer suppressor surface opposably faces the inner suppressor surface, with a suppressor chamber positioned between the inner and outer suppressor surfaces. A plurality of passages connect the suppressor bore with the suppressor chamber, wherein the plurality of passages are sized to allow gas to move from the suppressor bore to the suppressor chamber and minimize liquid movement from the suppressor bore to the suppressor chamber.

Abstract: A collapsible buttstock with automatic deployment has a housing with an opening providing clearance for a buffer tube. Rods slidably couple through respective openings in the housing; the rods each having a hollow cavity accommodating biasing structure for exerting a biasing force against a respective attachment member. A locking element has locking blocks, each engaging a respective one of plural notches on the rods, for locking the rods to an operator support buttstock element, each of the locking blocks comprising a tapered surface. A release trigger with a contoured step engages the tapered surfaces of the locking blocks. When the release trigger is moved, the contoured step engages the tapered surfaces to push locking blocks away from engagement with the notches on the rods, thus allowing the biasing member in each rod to push the respective rod and the operator support buttstock element away from the housing.

Abstract: Adjusting the length of firearms using stock assembly systems are provided. In one embodiment, a stock assembly comprises: a receiver extension having a first interface configured to mate with a second interface of a stock; the first interface comprising a base portion, a plurality of first edges, and a plurality of first grooves; the second interface comprising a slot portion, a plurality of second edges, and a plurality of second grooves; wherein the plurality of first edges are in contact with the plurality of second grooves and the plurality of first grooves are in contact with the plurality of second edges of the second interface to mate the stock with the receiver extension; and wherein the base portion of the first interface is in contact with the slot portion of the second interface allowing the stock to slide along a horizontal axis of the receiver extension.

Abstract: A firearm having a laser induced friction surface. A method for forming the laser induced friction surface on the firearm may includes the steps of disposing the laser machine adjacent to a component of the firearm, adjusting the laser machine, then applying the laser beam of the laser machine onto a component surface.

Abstract: A ratchet belt worn by a user to support a plurality of firearms, tactical gear and equipment thereon is provided. The ratchet belt includes a flexible strip designed to support any number of the plurality of firearms, tactical gear and equipment thereon, a ladder strap coupled to the flexible strip and having a plurality of teeth, and a ratchet assembly coupled to the flexible strip and having a crank arm rotatably mounted to a buckle where the crank arm is designed to engage with one of the plurality of teeth on the ladder strap. The flexible strip is disposed around the user to permit the first end of the ladder strap to insert through the buckle of the ratchet assembly. The crank arm is rotatably adjusted to engage with one of the plurality of teeth in the ladder strap to enable the flexible strip to conform to the user.

Abstract: Described herein are hard armor plate comprising a first molded plate of a plurality of ballistic fibers, a second molded plate of a plurality of ballistic fibers, and a layer of ceramic tiles adhered to the first molded plate and the second molded plate, wherein the layer of ceramic tiles is between the first molded plate and the second molded plate; and methods of making hard armor plates.

Abstract: A mine sweeping vehicle includes an arm mechanism and a detector integrated to the arm mechanism. The detector scans the underground by an orbital movement. The mine sweeping vehicle includes at least one data recording element for delivering position information of a mine, the position information of the mine is detected by a detector and provided by a positioning system, and the position information of the mine is delivered to a display element.

Abstract: Systems and methods thermal management of a directed energy weapon are provided. The system may include a controller module executable by a processor to determine a planned energy emission from a light-emitting diode (LED) of the directed energy weapon. The controller module may generate a cooling instruction to influence a temperature of the LED with a cooling fluid in response to the planned energy emission. The controller module may cause the cooling fluid to be applied to the LED in accordance with the cooling instruction prior to a start of the planned energy emission of the LED.

Abstract: A method of controlling at least one light source to discourage unwanted behavior at a spectator event comprising a plurality of spectator areas, the method comprising: detecting, based on sensor input received from a sensor at the spectator event, at least one spectator exhibiting unwanted behavior within a first one of the spectator areas; determining a location of the first spectator area; identifying a second one of the spectator areas as being a target of the unwanted behavior and determining a location of the second spectator area; and controlling at least one light source based on the determined locations to increase an amount of glare along at least one line of sight between the first and second spectator areas and thereby discourage the spectator from looking towards the second spectator area to discourage the unwanted behavior.

Abstract: Described herein is a wearable personal safety device. The device may include one or more finger holders for receiving a user's fingers and may be held inside a person's hand. The device may include a dazzling light source and a camera and may be configured to shine a dazzling light towards a would-be attacker and to take an image with the camera.

Abstract: An initiation system that includes a housing, an exploding foil initiator and a securing structure. The housing is formed of plastic and defines a cavity with an open end. The exploding foil initiator assembly has an initiator chip, a flyer layer and a barrel. The initiator chip has an electrically conductive bridge and is at least partly encapsulated in the plastic of the housing. The flyer layer has a first side, which faces the bridge, and a second side opposite the first side. The barrel is disposed between the second side of the flyer layer and an end of the cavity opposite the open end. The securing structure is formed of metal and is partly encapsulated in the plastic of the housing. The securing structure is disposed about the cavity and extends away from the housing about a perimeter of the open end of the cavity.

Abstract: A high strength polymer-based cartridge having a first end; a neck disposed at the first end and a shoulder disposed below the neck to form a bottleneck cartridge. A second end is opposite the first end and an insert is engaged to the second end. A propellant chamber is formed between the shoulder and the insert and has a volume. An extension extends from the neck opposite the shoulder and a cap is formed on the extension, partially sealing the propellant chamber.

Abstract: A lighted nock and a method for operating the lighted nock. A nock body has a shaft extending from the nock body. The nock body can form a nock cavity and a light source can be positioned within the nock cavity. A ferrule can form a ferrule cavity. A power source can be at least partially housed within the ferrule cavity and at least partially housed within the nock cavity. The shaft can at least partially be mounted within the ferrule cavity. A bias element can be mounted between the light source and the power source. The lighted nock can be switched between an on condition and an off condition.

Abstract: A munition including: a control surface actuation device including: an actuator comprising two or more pistons, each of the pistons being movable between an extended and retracted position, the retracted position resulting from an activation of each of the two or more pistons; and a rotatable plate having a pocket corresponding to each of the two or more pistons, each pocket being engageable with a corresponding portion of each of the two or more pistons, a distance between the pockets being different than a distance between the portions of the two or more pistons, such that activation of the portion into the corresponding pocket sequentially rotates the plate; and a control surface operatively connected to the plate such that rotation of the plate rotates the control surface.

Abstract: There is disclosed a tracer munition. There is provided a tracer munition for selective activation, the tracer munition comprising: an electronic tracer device, said tracer munition comprising at least one cavity capable of receiving said electronic tracer device wherein the electronic tracer device comprises an electrical power source and an electronic emitter, whereupon selective activation of the electronic tracer device, said electronic emitter emits radiation.

Abstract: Biodegradable non-lethal biodegradable ammunition for firearms, formed by a cartridge case comprising gas-forming means, a case base and a projectile, characterised in that the composition of said projectile comprises at least 30% of a biodegradable bioplastic in accordance to Standard UNE-EN-ISO 14855:2005 according to the ISO 14855:1999 analysis method and up to 70% of one or more inert and non-toxic mineral fillers, each selected from the group of carbonates or mineral salts.

Abstract: An ammunition cartridge case reloading die has a die body defined by an interior bore and a bore opening, and a retention cap attachable to the die body. A cartridge case tool is fixed to the retention cap in axial alignment with the interior bore, and a tip of the cartridge case tool is at a proscribed distance relative to the bore opening. A centering shuttle is in sliding engagement in the interior bore of the die body, and defines a shuttle bore through which the cartridge case tool passes, and a reverse taper opening receptive to the cartridge case. The die may has a biasing element disposed within the interior bore between the centering shuttle and the retention cap, with movement of the centering shuttle within interior bore of the die body being dampened by the biasing element.

Abstract: A metal magnalium thermite pellet for creating heated gas is presented. The metal magnalium thermite pellet is insertable into a cutting apparatus and/or a high power igniter that releasably secures to the cutting apparatus. The cutting apparatus for radially projecting a flow of heated gas to cut from an internal surface through an external surface of a conduit for oil, gas, mining, and underwater pressure sealed tool applications. The metal magnalium thermite pellet comprises a metal magnalium thermite composition consisting of between 1 to 44 percent magnalium alloy, between 1 to 44 percent aluminum, between 40 to 60 percent iron oxide, and between 10 to 20 percent polytetrafluoroethylene.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring a surface of a workpiece has a multi-link articulated arm and a roughness sensor carried by the arm, which includes a sensing element linearly displaceable along an advance direction and elastically deflectable along a deflection direction, and which has a coupling link to connect it to a movable carrier of a coordinate measuring apparatus or of a robot. A first arm portion is rotatable relative to the coupling link about a first axis of rotation. A second arm portion is rotatable relative to the first arm portion about a second axis of rotation and arranged between the first and third arm portion which is rotatable relative to the second arm portion about a third axis of rotation, and to which the roughness sensor is fastened. The deflection direction is arranged parallel to the third axis while the sensing element is displaced linearly along the advance direction.

Abstract: A method of measuring geometric parameters of through holes in a thin substrate includes acquiring images of select sub-volumes of the substrate using an optical system having a field of depth greater than a thickness of the substrate. The acquired images are processed to determine the desired geometric parameters.

Abstract: A distance measuring device (100) is provided, comprising a first sensing module (110), a second sensing module (120), a reference device (130), and an evaluating module (140). The first sensing module and the second sensing module are arranged on a horizontal base line (150). Each one of the first and second sensing module is configured to detect the strength of a magnetic field (50) and each one of the first and second sensing module has a first sensing direction (y) and a second sensing direction (x).

Abstract: Embodiments disclosed herein include a sensor wafer. In an embodiment, the sensor wafer comprises a substrate, wherein the substrate comprises a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. In an embodiment, the sensor wafer further comprises a first conductive pad with a first surface area, wherein the first conductive pad has a surface that is substantially coplanar with the first surface of the substrate. In an embodiment, the sensor wafer further comprises a second conductive pad with a second surface area that is smaller than the first surface area, wherein the second conductive pad has a surface that is substantially coplanar with the first surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A ball screw with tilt detector includes a screw rod, two screw nuts, a channel, a plurality of balls, and a tilt detector. The screw rod is extended along a direction of an axis. The two screw nuts are installed on the screw rod and capable of moving along the axis. The tilt detector is disposed between the two screw nuts to detect a tilt angle and a preload of the two screw nuts. The tilt detector includes a force receiving element, at least one first strain sensor, and at least one second strain sensor. The force receiving element includes a point symmetric ring-type structure, and the ring-type structure has two planes which are parallel to each other and respectively contact the two screw nuts.