Abstract: A developing device includes a developer cartridge and a developing unit. The developer cartridge, in some instances, may include a shutter. This shutter may have a wall for closing a developer supply hole, and be movable, with respect to a developer cartridge casing, between an open position where the supply hole is opened by the wall and a closed position where the supply hole is closed by the wall. The shutter may further include a protrusion that is movable with respect to the wall of the shutter between a first position and a second position in an axial direction. The protrusion, in the first position, is engageable with a developing unit and, in the second position, would be disengaged from the developing unit.

Abstract: A developing device includes a rotatable developing sleeve for carrying a developer including toner and a magnetic carrier and for developing an electrostatic latent image, formed on an image bearing member, in a developing region where the developer contacts the image bearing member; and a magnetic field generating portion provided inside the developing sleeve and having a developing pole provided at a position opposing the image bearing member in order to form the developing region, wherein a ratio of an 80%-value-width of magnetic flux density of the developing pole with respect to a normal direction of the developing sleeve to a half peak width of the magnetic flux density of the developing magnetic pole with respect to the normal direction is 0.

Abstract: A transfer surface of an intermediate transfer member is treated using an electrical discharge surface treatment. The intermediate transfer member is comprised in a printing apparatus.

Abstract: A belt includes a first layer defining an outer peripheral surface of the belt and a second layer arranged adjacent to the first layer. The first and second layers include a polyimide-based resin. The first layer includes carbon black particles. A part of the carbon black particles which are exposed at the outer peripheral surface of the belt have a size of 5 nm or more and 150 nm or less. The area fraction of the part of the carbon black particles which are exposed at the outer peripheral surface of the belt to the outer peripheral surface of the belt is 2% or more and 35% or less. The belt includes 80 or more conducting points per square micrometer and has a volume resistivity of 10 log ?·cm or more.

Abstract: There is provided a guide incorporated in a fixing device including a belt configured to circularly move in a moving direction. The guide includes: a guide portion elongated in a longitudinal direction orthogonal to the moving direction; a first gate mark; and a second gate mark arranged spaced apart from the first gate mark in the longitudinal direction. The guide portion includes a resin and a plurality of elongated-shaped fillers dispersed in the resin. The guide portion has a guide surface configured to guide movement of the belt in the moving direction, a peripheral surface of the belt being configured to contact the guide surface.

Abstract: A printing device includes an applicator with which a test fluid is applied onto a recording medium to be printed to, as well as an absorption measurement system with which absorption data are acquired with regard to the absorption rate of the test fluid. The printing device also includes a fuser to fix a print image printed by the printing device. The fuser is adjusted depending on the acquired absorption data so that an optimal and/or desired fixing of print images on the respectively used type of recording medium is produced.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a fixing rotator, a pressure rotator, a gear, and a sleeve. The pressure rotator is configured to contact the fixing rotator to form a fixing nip between the fixing rotator and the pressure rotator. The gear is disposed on an axial end side of the pressure rotator to transmit a driving force. The sleeve extends from the gear in an axial direction of the pressure rotator.

Abstract: A fixing device according to an embodiment includes a fixing belt, a pressurizing roller, a supporting member and a heating member. The fixing belt is supported to be capable of circularly moving and is formed endless. The pressurizing roller comes into contact with an outer circumferential surface of the fixing belt and forms a nip for holding a sheet. The supporting member is disposed on an inner side of the fixing belt and extends in an axial direction of the fixing belt. The heating member is disposed on the inner side of the fixing belt and supported by the supporting member and extends in the axial direction of the fixing belt. If the pressurizing roller does not pressurize the fixing belt, end portions of a second principal plane opposite to a first principal plane on the pressurizing roller side of the heating member are separated from the supporting member.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a fixing rotator, a hollow pressure rotator, a heater, a holder, and a bearing. The pressure rotator is configured to contact the fixing rotator. The heater is disposed inside the pressure rotator. The holder is configured to hold the pressure rotator and the heater. The bearing is configured to rotatably support the pressure rotator. The holder includes a curved face contact portion having a curved face conforming to an outer circumferential surface of the bearing to contact the bearing. The bearing includes a flange. The flange is configured to divide the bearing into an inboard area and an outboard area in an axial direction of the pressure rotator. The inboard area and the outboard area are asymmetrical.

Abstract: A fixing device includes a pressure roller including a rotation shaft, a bearing that rotatably supports the rotation shaft, a first bracket mounted on a first end of the pressure roller in an axial direction thereof, and a second bracket mounted on a second end of the pressure roller in the axial direction thereof. Each of the first bracket and the second bracket includes a rotation shaft support face through which the rotation shaft of the pressure roller is inserted and a bearing support face disposed opposite an outer circumferential surface of the bearing. A first tab is mounted on the bearing support face of the first bracket. A second tab is mounted on the bearing support face of the second bracket. The first tab and the second tab are disposed upstream from the rotation shaft of the pressure roller in a recording medium conveyance direction.

Abstract: A photo-interruptor unit includes a photo-interruptor including a light emitting component, a photosensing portion, and a hook portion configured to deform elastically in a deformation direction, and a supporting portion. The supporting portion includes an attaching surface, a hole through which the hook portion is inserted in an insertion direction, a guide portion configured to guide the hook portion so that the hook portion deforms in the deformation direction in a state where the photo-interruptor is moved in the deformation direction and a movement direction intersecting the insertion direction to be attached to the supporting portion, and a regulating portion configured to protrude from the attaching surface and configured to regulate a position in the movement direction of the photo-interruptor whose hook portion has been guided by the guide portion to a position where the hook portion is overlapped with the hole.

Abstract: A sheet distinction device includes a slot, a detector, a presser, a measurer, a calculator, and an operation controller. A sheet is inserted into the slot. The detector detects that the sheet has reached a detection position of the slot. The presser moves the sheet in a direction perpendicular to an insertion direction of the sheet to press a surface of the sheet against a measurement surface of the measurer. The measurer measures physical properties of the sheet. The calculator calculates an information value indicating time taken to insert the sheet. The operation controller controls operation start time and operation speed of the presser in accordance with the information value calculated by the calculator.

Abstract: An image forming system includes a first feeding portion configured to feed a recording sheet, an image forming portion, a sheet conveyance path, a second feeding portion configured to feed an inserting sheet from any of a plurality of supporting portions including a first supporting portion and a second supporting portion, a detection portion, and a controller. The controller is configured to execute, during execution of a process of feeding a first inserting sheet from the first supporting portion to the sheet conveyance path, a movement processing of moving a second inserting sheet supported on the second supporting portion to a position where a trailing edge of the second inserting sheet is placed downstream in a sheet conveyance direction of a detection position of the detection portion and thereafter stopping the second inserting sheet.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus may include: a sheet storage that may store a sheet; a first sheet sensor that may determine a sheet size of the sheet stored in the sheet storage; a feeder that may feed the sheet from the sheet storage to a transport path based on the sheet size determined by the first sheet sensor; an image former that may form an image on the sheet fed to the transport path; a second sheet sensor that may (i) be provided downstream of the image former on the transport path, (ii) read the sheet in the transport path, and (iii) settle the sheet size of the sheet; and a hardware processor that may perform adjustment of image formation on the sheet based on the sheet size settled by the second sheet sensor.

Abstract: A protruding portion protruding in a rotation axis direction of an image bearing member is provided at a position between the tip of a separation claw and an apex of the separation claw, when the apex of the separation claw is disposed at a position farthest from the surface of the image bearing member in a direction perpendicular to a straight line connecting the tip and the rotation center of a shaft portion of the separation claw.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an engine to form an image on an image forming medium, a paper transfer device to pick up a printing paper and transfer the paper to a transfer path, a sensor to sense a printing paper at a predetermined position on the transfer path, and a processor to determine whether a transfer delay occurs, when the printing paper is sensed, and adjust a pickup timing to advance a pickup of a printing paper of a next page.

Abstract: An exposure device includes: a first lens array unit and a second lens array unit each including a plurality of optical elements formed in a formation surface with respective optical axes parallel to each other, the formation surface of the first lens array unit being not perpendicular to the optical axes; a first lens array holder and a second lens array holder that hold the first lens array unit and the second lens array unit with the respective optical axes of the plurality of optical elements parallel to each other; and a light source assembly in which optical element groups each including a plurality of light-emitting devices aligned in a direction perpendicular to the optical axes are disposed at different positions in a direction parallel to the optical axes, wherein the first lens array unit is provided with a first seating surface and a second seating surface.

Abstract: There are provided a rotatable developer accommodating portion accommodating a developer, a discharge end portion provided at a bottom side with a discharge opening for discharging the developer accommodated in the developer accommodating portion, an engaging portion 30 engageable with a portion-to-be-engaged 11b with a mounting operation of the developer supply container 1 to displace the portion-to-be-engaged 11b in an upward direction U to bring the receiving opening into fluid communication with the discharge opening, and a swing shaft 41 rotatably supporting engaging portion 30 provided at such a position that opposite end portions of the engaging portion 30 a rotatable.

Abstract: A replaceable unit for an electrophotographic image forming device includes a housing having a reservoir for holding toner. An electrical connector is positioned on a first side of the housing. The electrical connector includes an electrical contact for contacting a corresponding electrical contact in the image forming device. The electrical contact of the replaceable unit is electrically connected to processing circuitry mounted on the housing. The electrical connector is movable between a first position and a second position. The electrical contact of the replaceable unit moves outward from the first side of the housing along a side-to-side dimension of the housing when the electrical connector moves from the first position to the second position. The electrical contact of the replaceable unit faces downward when the electrical connector is in the second position permitting the corresponding electrical contact to contact the electrical contact of the replaceable unit from below.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a drum cartridge including a photosensitive drum, a developing cartridge including a developing roller, a main assembly. The main assembly includes a first opening, a second opening, a first openable member, a second openable member, a pressing member, a first pressing releasing member for releasing the developing cartridge from the pressing member in a state in which the second openable member is in a second closed position, in interrelation with movement of the first openable member from a first closed position to a first open position, and a second pressing releasing member for releasing the pressing the developing cartridge from the pressing member in interrelation of movement of the second openable member from a second closed position to a second open position.

Abstract: A process cartridge is detachably mountable to a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus. The cartridge includes an electrophotographic photosensitive drum, a developing roller, a drum unit containing the drum, a developing unit containing the roller and being movable so the roller contacts and is spaced from the drum, and a first force receiver receiving a force from a main-assembly first force applier by movement of a door from open to closed positions when mounting the cartridge and a second force receiver movable from a stand-by position by movement of the first force receiver by a force received from the first force applier. The second force receiver takes a projected position receiving a force from the second force applier to move the developing unit so the roller moves out of contact with the drum, the projected position being higher than the stand-by position.

Abstract: A holographic security or identification device (10) comprises an object, or a flexible substrate (12) configured to be conformable to a desired, curved shape; and a plurality of structures (14) formed on or in the object to have a desired curved configuration, or formed in or associated with the substrate and arranged to adopt a desired curved configuration when the substrate is conformed to a desired shape, wherein the plurality of structures (14) are configured to receive light (20) of a selected at least one wavelength or range of wavelengths and to produce, using the received light, a desired holographic image (22) for security or identification purposes when in the desired configuration.

Abstract: A hologram that includes a formation layer and a reflection layer that are laminated. The formation layer has an optical phase modulation structure on a first interface in contact with the reflection layer. When reference light emitted from a point light source enters through a second interface different from the first interface of the formation layer, the entirety or part of an image to be reconstructed by the optical phase modulation structure is reconstructed as spatial information on the point light source side relative to the second interface.

Abstract: Techniques disclosed herein relate to holographic optical materials and elements. An example of a holographic recording material includes matrix monomers characterized by a first refractive index and configured to polymerize to form a polymer matrix, writing monomers dispersed in the matrix monomers and characterized by a second refractive index different from the first refractive index, and a photocatalyst for controlled radical polymerization of the writing monomers. The writing monomers are configured to polymerize upon exposed to recording light. The photocatalyst is dispersed in the matrix monomers. The photocatalyst includes, for example, a transition metal photocatalyst or a metal-free organic photocatalyst, such as a photocatalyst for atom transfer radical polymerization or a transition metal photocatalyst for addition fragmentation chain transfer polymerization.

Abstract: Techniques disclosed herein relate to optical devices. Resins with different optical properties can be deposited in different areas to provide increased optical functionality. It can be difficult to design a single photopolymer material that meets several technical requirements. Different resins can be deposited on the same substrate to make a single film with spatially varying properties. Different resins can also be applied to different substrates in a stack. By using different resins, an optical component can be made that meets several technical requirements.

Abstract: A holographic display system includes a light source that emits coherent light; a lateral displacement beam splitter that optically receives the coherent light and generates first reference light and second reference light; a first spatial light modulator (SLM) and a second SLM that optically receive the first reference light and the second reference light respectively, and construct first phase-only function (POF) light and second POF light respectively; a first beam splitter and a second beam splitter that optically receive the first POF light and the second POF light respectively, and generate first split light and second split light respectively; and a plurality of polarizers disposed between the first SLM and the first beam splitter, and between the second SLM and the second beam splitter, respectively.

Abstract: An image reproduction device includes: a reflection hologram which reflects reproduction illumination light emitted from a first side to reproduce a reproduced image on the first side; and a beam splitting element which is arranged on the first side of the reflection hologram, which reflects the reproduction illumination light which has been emitted from a reproduction light source and which has passed through the reflection hologram, which emits the reflected reproduction illumination light toward the reflection hologram from the first side, and which transmits light of a reproduced image reproduced by the reflection hologram.

Abstract: Provided is a multi-image display apparatus including a light source configured to emit light, a spatial light modulator configured to provide a first image by modulating the light emitted from the light source, and an optical system configured to transmit the first image provided by the spatial light modulator to a viewer, wherein the optical system is configured such that a travelling path of the first image provided by the spatial light modulator includes a first optical path in a first direction, a second optical path in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and a third optical path in a third direction orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction, respectively, and wherein the optical system is configured such that the first image and a second image provided from an optical path different from the travelling path of the first image are provided to the viewer.

Abstract: A stem-crown of a water-resistant watch case includes a stem inserted into a tubular opening of a middle part of the watch case, and a crown including a first portion connected to the stem and a second handling portion. The first portion of the crown includes an annular contact surface, which is inclined at a determined angle less than 90° relative to a longitudinal central axis of the stem-crown, extending from the link between the stem and the first portion of the crown towards the outside of the second portion of the crown. In a rest position, the first portion of the crown comes into contact or bears against an annular receiving surface of the middle part, the shape thereof complements that of an end of the tubular opening to the outside.

Abstract: A balance for a horological movement, including rigid parts constituted by a hub defining the pivot axis of the balance, at least one felloe sector, at least one arm connecting the at least one felloe sector to said hub, and including a slot for receiving and gripping in position an inertia-block, the slot opening into a housing delimited on the one hand by a rigid part of the balance, and on the other hand an elastic arm including a first end integral with a rigid part of the balance, and a second free distal end. The elastic arm can have a body of a non-constant section, a part of the body having a greater thickness than the rest of the elastic arm so as to have a larger volume of material under stress and store a maximum of elastic energy.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a balance spring intended to equip a balance of a horological movement, including a step of producing a blank made of a Nb—Zr alloy including between 10 and 30 wt % Zr, a step of annealing and cooling the blank, at least one step of deforming the annealed blank in order to form a wire, wherein, before the deformation step, a step of depositing, on the blank, a layer of a ductile material chosen from copper, nickel, cupronickel, cupro-manganese, gold, silver, nickel-phosphorus Ni—P and nickel-boron Ni—B, in order to facilitate the wire shaping operation, the thickness of the ductile material layer deposited being chosen such that the ratio of the area of ductile material to the area of the alloy for a given wire cross-section is less than 1, preferably less than 0.5, and more preferably lies in the range 0.01 to 0.4.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a balance spring intended to equip a balance of a horological movement, including a step of producing a blank made of a niobium and hafnium alloy including between 5 and 60 wt %, preferably between 5 and 30 wt %, and more preferably between 8 and 12 wt % hafnium, a step of annealing and cooling the blank, at least one step of deforming the annealed blank in order to form a wire. The method includes, before the deformation step, a step of depositing, on the blank, a layer of a ductile material chosen from the group consisting of copper, nickel, cupronickel, cupro-manganese, gold, silver, nickel-phosphorus Ni—P and nickel-boron Ni—B, in order to facilitate the wire shaping operation. A balance spring can be produced by the manufacturing method.

Abstract: Device (400) for selecting a clock function from a rewinding function and m correction functions, m>1, comprising a control member (3), notably a staff, able to select the rewind function by movement of the control member in a first direction and to select sequentially one function from m correction functions by movement of the control member in a second direction.

Abstract: A water-resistant watch case of a diving watch, includes at least one back mounted on a lower side of a middle part, and a crystal mounted with a fastening gasket on an upper side of the middle part. The back includes an annular bearing surface for coming into contact with an inner annular surface of the middle part of a shape complementary to the bearing surface during mounting of the back on the middle part. The annular bearing surface and the inner annular surface are inclined towards the inside of the watch case at a determined angle less than 90° relative to a central axis perpendicular to a plane of the watch case so as to distribute stresses between the back and the middle part due to the water pressure during a dive. The annular bearing surface and the inner annular surface are conical in shape.

Abstract: A water-resistant watch case of a diving watch, includes a back mounted on a lower side of a middle part, and a crystal mounted on an upper side of the middle part. The crystal includes an annular peripheral surface mounted by a first portion of an annular gasket made of amorphous metal on an inner annular surface that is complementary in shape, on the upper side of the middle part. A second portion of the gasket on the first portion of the gasket maintains the crystal against the middle part. The annular peripheral surface of the crystal is inclined towards the inside of the watch case at an angle less than 90° relative to a central axis perpendicular to the plane of the watch case to distribute stresses between the crystal and the middle part due to the water pressure.

Abstract: A water-resistant watch case of a diving watch, includes at least one back mounted on a lower side of a middle part, and a crystal mounted on an upper side of the middle part. The crystal includes an annular peripheral surface to be fastened with an amorphous metal gasket on an inner annular surface that is complementary in shape, on the upper side of the middle part. The annular peripheral surface of the crystal is inclined towards the inside of the watch case at a determined angle less than 90° relative to a central axis perpendicular to a plane of the watch case to distribute stresses between the crystal and the middle part due to the water pressure during a dive. The annular peripheral surface and the inner annular surface are conical in shape.

Abstract: An energy conserving time display device and a method thereof. The present invention discloses an energy saving time display device and a method for energy conservation. The energy saving time display device includes an hour hand and a minute hand for indicating the time, at least one micro motor for driving the hour hand and the minute hand to characterize the time, a scheduler coupled to the micro motor to schedule the movement of the hour hand and the minute hand, a time observance unit configured to keep track of the current time and an actuator coupled to the micro motor to actuate the micro motor from a first state to a second state. The method includes the step of scheduling a schedule of the first state and the second state of the micro motor by the scheduler and executing the schedule set by the scheduler. The micro motor is configured to function for a user specified period of time.

Abstract: A device displays a clock face in response to receiving a request to display a clock face. In accordance with a determination that a respective graphical element is to be displayed at a respective location on the clock face, the clock face includes a plurality of analog-dial graphical elements corresponding to respective units of time, where the plurality of analog-dial graphical elements includes a first analog-dial graphical element that occupies a first position and has a first size. In accordance with a determination that the respective graphical element is not to be displayed at a respective location on the clock face, the clock face includes the plurality of analog-dial graphical elements corresponding to the respective units of time, and the first analog-dial graphical element of the plurality of analog-dial graphical elements occupies a second position and/or has a second size. In some embodiments, clock faces are reordered.

Abstract: A correction control method includes steps of rebuilding a fuzzy inference system, setting a maximum correction value and a minimum correction value, determining whether there is an output value to be outputted, deciding a intermediate correction value and determining whether a range of an interval between the maximum correction value and the intermediate correction value is enough to constitute the fuzzy interval of the membership function, allowing the correction unit to output the maximum correction value, the minimum correction value and the intermediate correction value, adjusting the fuzzy inference system, allowing the fuzzification unit to constitute the minimum correction value according to the output value, determining whether a range of an interval between the maximum correction value and the minimum correction value is enough to constitute the fuzzy interval, and notifying that functions of the fuzzy inference system are failed.

Abstract: A system displays a representation of an original equipment remote control device for a target device to be controlled using a macro button of a configurable controlling device. The displayed representation of the original equipment remote control device includes representations of buttons that would be used on the original equipment remote control device to control controllable functions of the target device. The system accepts input by which one or more of the displayed representations of buttons are selected. The macro button is then configured whereby an activation of the macro button will cause a transmission of commands from the configurable controlling device to control those controllable functions of the target devices that correspond to the one or more of the displayed representations of buttons that were selected.

Abstract: The invention relates to a diagnostic device (1) for a field device from the field of automation technology, comprising a control unit (2), a sensor carrier (3), a stereo acoustic sensor (4), which is fastened to the sensor carrier (3), a first temperature sensor (5), which is fastened at a first position (P1) on the sensor carrier (3), and a second temperature sensor (6), which is fastened at a second position (P2) on the sensor carrier (3). The first position (P1) and the second position (P2) are remote from one another owing to a first spacing (A12). The sensor carrier (3) is suitable for being expanded such that the first spacing (A12) is changed.

Abstract: A machine tool has a tool and a workpiece clamped into a workpiece holder on a workpiece table and a tool. The workpiece table is rotatable about a rotation axis in a position-controlled manner by a plurality of complete revolutions, and the tool is movable at least parallel to the rotation axis in a position-controlled manner. While the workpiece table is rotated, the tool is placed at least temporarily against the workpiece on a side substantially facing away from the workpiece table, machines the workpiece, and the tool is at a distance being at least equal to a predefined minimum distance from the rotation axis. The first workpiece holder is displaced in a direction that has a component towards or away from the rotation axis on the workpiece table in a position-controlled manner during the machining of the first workpiece by the first tool.

Abstract: Various embodiments enable batch inspection of a plurality of workpieces by and inspection instrument such as a coordinate measuring machine. Some embodiments present user interfaces, including graphical user interfaces, to enable an operator to configure a batch inspection system and a batch inspection job, and to monitor and control execution of a batch inspection job.

Abstract: A machine tool management system connects an external server and a large number of NC devices controlling the external server and respective machine tools through a network. The system collects several kinds of signal data from the NC device of each machine tool to the external server. In the system, the external server collects an estimated thermal distortion from the NC device and compares the estimated thermal distortion with pre-stored data to determine whether the tool is machining favorably.

Abstract: A system checks for abnormality in a machine tool and regardless of power interruption of the machine tool. A system for remote control of production equipment is installed in a management apparatus for the production equipment by receiving operational state information of a machine tool and transmitting the data thereof to a server. The system includes at least one sensor installed in the main body of the machine tool to collect operational information data thereof and transmit the same to the server. The sensor includes a dual power supply having a first external power source supplied with external power in communication with the machine tool and a second power source formed of a battery independent of the external power. A sensor communication network transmits the collected data to the server, whereby causes of failure may be judged by determining whether data communication with the server is executed.

Abstract: A method includes: scanning a first QR code on a first physical object to obtain first parameters, wherein the first parameters include specifications for making a product using a manufacturing process, and the specifications include at least one material used to build the product. The method further includes scanning a second QR code on a second physical object to obtain second parameters, wherein the second parameters correspond to the manufacturing process; comparing, by a computing device, the first parameters and the second parameters; based on comparing the first parameters and the second parameters, determining whether the first object corresponds to the second object; and in response to determining that the first object corresponds to the second object, building the product using the at least one material.

Abstract: A machining control system according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes: a program storage unit which stores a machining program including a plurality of data blocks; a program cache unit which temporarily stores a part of the machining program; a schedule storage unit which stores schedule information specifying a transmission sequence to the program cache unit of the plurality of data blocks; a transmission control unit which controls transmission of the data blocks to the program cache unit from the program storage unit, based on the schedule information; and a machining processing unit which reads out the data blocks from the program cache unit and performs processing required in machining.

Abstract: To quickly and economically manufacture a prosthesis that fits the shape of a stump of a prosthesis user. A prosthesis shape data generation system provided includes: a stump shape data acquisition unit that acquires stump shape data, which is shape data on a stump of a living body; and an estimated prosthesis shape data generation unit that performs an estimation processing by inputting the stump shape data to a machine learning model that has previously learnt a correspondence between a stump shape and a shape of a part or a whole of a prosthesis that fits the stump shape, thereby generating estimated prosthesis shape data that is shape data on a part or a whole of a prosthesis that fits the stump of the living body.

Abstract: A method is described in which data representing a three-dimensional object to be printed is obtained. The data comprises sub-volumes representing the three-dimensional object. A characteristic for the three-dimensional object to be printed is identified. Based on the identified characteristic, property data is set for individual sub-volumes to be used in printing the three-dimensional object. The identified characteristic is a function of the property data. The property data comprises material property data, structural property data and printing property data.

Abstract: A system for machining a workpiece, comprising a hand-held power tool having a drive motor, a tool holder, which can be driven by the drive motor, for a working tool for machining the workpiece, and a guide element with a guide surface for guiding the hand-held power tool on the workpiece, having a marker detection device for detecting coordinate data of at least one workpiece marker of the workpiece, wherein the hand-held power tool has guide means for guiding the working tool along the workpiece according to the coordinate data of the at least one workpiece marker, The marker detection device has an optical and/or mechanical reference which can be positioned on and/or directly next to the at least one workpiece marker.