Abstract: The invention relates to a method and forest work machine (1) making use of it, by means of which the control of the forest work machine is assisted. In the forest work machine, a light source (2) is adapted, which may be directed to one or more different parts of the surroundings around it, forming the working area of the forest work machine. This is adapted to produce at least one specifically defined specified-form light pattern (3) on said working area. With such a light pattern, visual information content may be produced on the working area to support an operator of the forest work machine in their work. As content of such information, it is possible to define control measures for the forest work machine, performed in any working area or their restrictions.

Abstract: Embodiments herein disclose methods and systems for applying a remedy for a region under cultivation including canopy structures, a system includes a controller, a first vehicle and a second vehicle. The controller analyzes a prescription plan for at least one region, wherein the at least one region includes at least one of an over canopy region and an under canopy region. The controller determines a path covering the at least one region identified from the prescription plan using at least one geo-position of the at least one identified region. The controller communicates the determined path to at least one of a first vehicle and a second vehicle. The at least one of the first vehicle and the second vehicle apply the at least one remedy to the at least one of the over canopy region and the under canopy region using the at least one prescription plan.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of controlling a mobile agricultural machine includes receiving field map data representing a first agricultural operation performed on a field, receiving a location sensor signal indicative of a sensed geographic location of the mobile agricultural machine on the field, the mobile agricultural machine having a plurality of sections that are independently controllable to perform a second agricultural operation on the field that is different than the first agricultural operation, and generating a control signal to control the plurality of sections based on the field map data and the location sensor signal.

Abstract: Systems and methods are provided for enhancing identification of crop conditions and execution of remedial actions in near real-time. An agricultural vehicle may include a crop analysis system having a computing device and an imaging array for capturing a set of images of a crop. The computing device analyzes images acquired by the imaging array to determine whether a crop experiences a particular condition. The computing device, when a condition is identified, can signal an agriculture machine to perform a remedial action.

Abstract: An opener mounts on a tool supporting shank of an agricultural seeding implement for forming a furrow-type opening in the ground and delivering product into the ground as the agricultural seeding implement is displaced across the ground in a forward working direction. The opener includes a mounting body secured to the shank and a lower leg forming a knife that penetrates into the ground at an offset angle from vertical to minimize soil disturbance while seeding. The leading face of the lower leg and the front face of a lower portion of the mounting body each define a blunt edge (i) extending upwardly and rearwardly along a height thereof at a longitudinal slope, and (ii) extending in a widthwise direction across a majority of a width between the two side surfaces at a lateral slope that is between 60 degrees and 90 degrees from the forward working direction.

Abstract: Agricultural electronics include many components. The components can be connected via an electronic link that connects the various components to components of an agricultural implement. This can include the use of a component type identifier and a master module. The identifier and the module can communicate data, including identification data and instructional data, to easily acknowledge and operate various electrical components of the agricultural implement. Additional sensors can be included to provide even additional data that is communicated between the module and the components of the agricultural implement to aid in providing instructions for operation and to provide additional data information.

Abstract: Systems and methods for distributing granular products onto or into the soil, comprising a chassis, a first assembly for distributing a first granular product comprising a main hopper, fixed to a frame, which can move in relation to said chassis and is able to adopt a position known as the “lowered” position, which is the working position of said sowing unit, and a position known as the “raised” position, which is the maintenance position of said sowing unit, and that is able to move from said “lowered” position to said “raised” position and vice versa, said sowing unit also comprising a mechanism for tilting said frame and comprising a collapsible quadrangle or double quadrangle that connects said frame to said chassis, said tilting mechanism being arranged substantially perpendicular to the plane X-X? formed by said chassis, and maintained substantially perpendicular to said plane X-X? in said “lowered” and “raised” positions and when moving from one position to the other, and vice versa.

Abstract: Systems and methods for distributing granular products into the soil, comprising a mechanism for opening a furrow in the soil, a mechanism for filling the furrow, a first assembly for distributing a first granular product, comprising a main hopper, a first distribution mechanism for distributing a first granular product, in communication with said main hopper, a first conveyor mechanism for carrying said first granular product to the soil, to a first relative distribution position located between said mechanisms for opening and filling the furrow, at least one additional dispensing assembly for at least one additional granular product comprising mechanisms capable of depositing the said at least one additional granular product in the said relative dispensing position, and in another relative dispensing position situated before the said furrow opening mechanism, or in another relative dispensing position, located after the said furrow closing mechanism, said additional dispensing assembly, cooperating with or

Abstract: A grass trimmer includes a grass trimmer head, a brushless motor, a drive circuit, and a controller. The grass trimmer head includes a spool and a head housing. The spool is configured to wind a grass trimmer rope. The head housing is configured to accommodate the spool. The grass trimmer has an automatic winding mode. In the automatic winding mode, the brushless motor drives at least one of the spool and the head housing so that the spool and the head housing rotate relatively and the grass trimmer rope is automatically wound onto the spool. The controller is configured to: in the automatic winding mode, output a control signal to the drive circuit according to at least one of the given voltage and the given current so that the rotation speed of the brushless motor is basically constant.

Abstract: A cutting head body for an agricultural machine, such as a mower or a trimmer, is configured to receive a cutting line for cutting weeds, grass, or other materials. The cutting head body includes an inlet area having a cavity with a node location configured to receive a node of a cutting line, and an outlet area having a cavity configured to open to an exterior of the cutting head body. The cutting head body may include a first passageway connecting the inlet area to the outlet area and a second passageway connecting the inlet area to the outlet area. The cutting head body is rotatable about a rotational axis to move the cutting line. In some embodiments, the cutting head body is fixed to a rotatable shaft. In some embodiments, the cutting head body rotates about a fixed shaft.

Abstract: A walk reel mower has a traction frame that carries a telescopic handle assembly to accommodate users of different heights. A pivotal bail on the handle assembly allows the user to slip a traction clutch to temporarily slow the mower down when turning the mower around. The handle assembly has a resilient isolator that acts in shear to permit the traction frame of the mower to maintain the quality and the height of cut when operated by users having a heavy downpressure touch on the handle assembly. A fixed head reel cutting unit or a flex head reel cutting unit can be interchangeably carried on the traction frame using a common mount therefor. Backlapping can be accomplished in situ by using an idler wheel between a driven transport wheel and the reel of the cutting unit to reverse the direction of the reel.

Abstract: A walk reel mower has a traction frame that carries a telescopic handle assembly to accommodate users of different heights. A pivotal bail on the handle assembly allows the user to slip a traction clutch to temporarily slow the mower down when turning the mower around. The handle assembly has a resilient isolator that acts in shear to permit the traction frame of the mower to maintain the quality and the height of cut when operated by users having a heavy downpressure touch on the handle assembly. A fixed head reel cutting unit or a flex head reel cutting unit can be interchangeably carried on the traction frame using a common mount therefor. Backlapping can be accomplished in situ by using an idler wheel between a driven transport wheel and the reel of the cutting unit to reverse the direction of the reel.

Abstract: A lawn mower includes a blade assembly configured to perform a cutting function, a deck formed with an accommodating space for accommodating at least part of the blade assembly and a power mechanism configured to drive the blade assembly to rotate about a rotation axis. The blade assembly includes a cutting blade and a chopping device. The cutting blade is configured to be driven by the power mechanism to rotate about the rotation axis, and the cutting blade includes a cutting edge. The chopping device includes a chopping body, a plurality of chopping teeth, and a plurality of branching ports provided between two adjacent ones of the plurality of chopping teeth. The chopping body is configured to be driven by the power mechanism to rotate and the chopping teeth extend upward or downward from the chopping body.

Abstract: Compound headers and combine harvesters that include compound headers are disclosed. The compound headers may include two or more crop harvester types that are operable to harvest different crops simultaneously, such as different crops grown in the same field in an intercropped relationship. The simultaneously harvested crops may be separated into individual crop flows that are handled separately from each other.

Abstract: A predictive map including predictive values of an agricultural characteristic of a worksite is obtained. An in-situ value of the agricultural characteristic is identified based on a sensor signal provided by an in-situ sensor. A corrected predictive map, including corrected predictive values of the agricultural characteristic, is generated based on the in-situ value of the agricultural characteristic. A controllable subsystem of a work machine is controlled based on the location of the work machine and the corrected predictive map.

Abstract: A computer-implemented method includes obtaining field data for a field that was generated prior to an agricultural harvesting machine operating on the field, the field data representing an estimated yield, obtaining yield data, that is georeferenced to the field, based on a signal from a yield sensor on the agricultural harvesting machine, applying a flow model to the yield data to generate a yield map, the flow model having a set of parameters that models material flow through a harvesting system of the agricultural harvesting machine, obtaining an adjusted set of parameters based on a correlation between the yield map and the estimated yield, modifying the yield map based on the adjusted set of parameters, and generating a control signal based on the modified yield map.

Abstract: A belt load characterization system receives a belt slip detector signal indicative of belt slip, and identifies, in near real-time, a severity level and impact of the belt load characteristics. A notification system generates an operator interface mechanism control signal to surface a notification to the operator indicative of the belt load characteristics, and the severity level and impact of those characteristics. The machine can be controlled based on the belt load as well.

Abstract: Relative to a gaming system, a jackpot or game win processing device and server are configured to receive acknowledgement from a player regarding a gaming win award, such as input to the game win processing device of a signature by the player to gaming win forms. In response, the server is configured to generate at least one gaming win reporting form, such as a W2G, to generate a security code from at least two elements of personal information regarding the player, such as obtained from a casino player tracking server, to then secure the at the least one reporting form and then email the secure form to the player.

Abstract: A plunger for an agricultural baler includes: a plurality of plunger sections held together to form the plunger, the plurality of plunger sections including a pair of plunger end sections, each of the plunger sections including at least one tube holding portion having a tube opening formed therein; at least one of at least one roller or at least one sliding block attached to and extending laterally from each of the plunger end sections; and a tube placed within the tube opening of each tube holding portion such that an interference fit is formed between the tube and the at least one tube holding portion of each plunger section to hold the plunger sections together.

Abstract: A method for compacting silage in a silo includes controlling a compacting vehicle via an electronic control device, passing over the silage deposited in the silo with the compacting vehicle, exerting a compacting action along a compacting path via the compacting vehicle, and varying the compacting action of the compacting vehicle in a location-dependent manner along the compacting path by the action of the control device.

Abstract: High-growth plant cultivation techniques are provided that create efficient, optimized growing conditions, including a high concentration of photosynthetically active radiation (“PAR”) in terms of photon flux density, and with extremely low heat. In some aspects of the invention, these techniques comprise a specialized growth chamber and a control system that promote an enhanced level of growth, particularly for autoflowering cannabis. In addition, aspects of the invention create an accessible, user-friendly, aesthetically pleasing new type of display for a plant, ideal for cultivating cannabis and, in particular, autoflowering cannabis. The unique combination of techniques set forth in the invention create high yields of cannabis plant matter (up to 3 or 4 times greater than other methods) in substantially less time (just 60 days from seed to harvest).

Abstract: A lighting fixture has an extruded aluminum housing, at least one light source mechanically supported by the extruded aluminum housing, and at least one copper pipe thermally coupled to the extruded aluminum housing to carry a fluid coolant. During operation of the lighting fixture, the fluid coolant flowing through the at least one copper pipe extracts heat generated by the lighting fixture, and the fluid coolant does not contact the extruded aluminum housing. In one example, a copper fluid coolant circuit is thermally coupled to the housing to contain the fluid coolant, and the lighting fixture does not contain any internal seals or internal O-rings for the fluid coolant.

Abstract: A system for growing a plant (1) in an at least partly conditioned environment includes a cultivation base (11) for receiving a culture substrate (3) with a root system (4) of the plant therein. Root temperature control elements (12) are provided which are able and adapted to impose a predetermined root temperature on the root system, and lighting elements (20,21,22) which are able and adapted to expose leaves of the plant to actinic artificial light. Leaf heating elements are also provided, which are able and adapted to impose on the leaf of the plant a leaf temperature varying from an ambient temperature. In a method for growing the plant a carbon dioxide assimilation management of a leaf system of the plant is thus influenced, and a supply of actinic light, the root temperature and the carbon dioxide assimilation management are adapted to each other.

Abstract: The system includes a pre-fabricated garden seedsheet, with seeds and soil embedded in water-soluble pods within a weed barrier fabric. Each water-soluble pod is fabricated from dissolvable material, which are affixed together to form cavities in which seeds and soil are applied. The pods are then affixed to the weed barrier matrix in an arrangement dictated by the plant algorithm. Upon contact with water, the pods rapidly dissolve, thereby beginning the germination process in which the seeds sprout and emerge through the aligned openings in the weed barrier fabric. The selection of plants and their physical arrangement within each seedsheet may be determined by a software-driven plant algorithm that extrapolates plant characteristics, environmental requirements, and companion benefits. The algorithm may be used both on the customer-facing software program, as well as the in-house design process to create pre-designed seed sheets.

Abstract: Compositions and methods of protecting plants from cold damage are provided. In particular, the invention provides compositions comprising plant-based nano- and/or micron-sized particles which, when applied to plants or plant parts such as buds, form a non-hydrophilic deposit or film with low thermal conductivity, thereby conferring protection against damage from ice nucleation and cold stress.

Abstract: A hybrid grass support structure (100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600, 710) comprising a growth medium layer (102), a stone wool layer (104) positioned below the growth medium layer, and a plurality of synthetic grass fibers (106). The growth medium layer comprises a growth medium. The synthetic grass fibers are incorporated at least into the growth medium layer.

Abstract: A stump cutter includes a mainframe and a cutter wheel supported by a boom and rotatable about a cutter wheel axis spaced from the mainframe. A two-axis gimbal set supports the boom from the mainframe, the two-axis gimbal set supporting the boom for sweep movements of the cutter wheel about a vertical cutter wheel sweep axis and for tilt movements of the cutter wheel about a horizontal cutter wheel tilt axis. A prime mover on the mainframe is configured to drive the cutter wheel about the cutter wheel axis. A mechanical driveline is configured to provide power transmission from the prime mover to the cutter wheel, the mechanical driveline including a constant velocity joint.

Abstract: A stump cutter includes a cutter wheel rotatable about a cutter wheel axis, the cutter wheel supported by a boom for sweep movements about a vertical cutter wheel sweep axis, and the cutter wheel is supported by the boom for tilt movements about a horizontal cutter wheel tilt axis. A prime mover is configured to drive the cutter wheel about the cutter wheel axis. A mechanical driveline provides power transmission from the prime mover to the cutter wheel, the mechanical driveline including a final drive cutter wheel gearbox positioned along the cutter wheel axis, and a swivel gearbox assembly including two right angle gearboxes joined with a swivel joint therebetween. The swivel joint between the two right angle gearboxes forms a driveline swivel axis. A downstream one of the two right angle gearboxes includes an output shaft connected to an input shaft of the final drive cutter wheel gearbox.

Abstract: A soil-less plant cultivation substrate, for use in hydroponic or aeroponic plant cultivation, adapts entangled layers of natural wool batting that has been chemically treated with a compound containing thiol to increase its water holding capacity. In the preferred embodiment, the chemical treatment uses thioglycolic acid, such as calcium thioglycolate or ammonium thioglycolate, to increase the wool's solubility and then a neutralizing agent, such as hydrogen peroxide, halts the process. The thiol compound reduces the disulfide bonds of cysteine in the cortex of the wool and the hydrogen peroxide neutralizes the reaction and oxidizes the cysteines back to cystine, although not all disulfide bonds are reformed. The addition of an alkaline modifier is used to moderate or hasten the breaking the disulfide bonds.

Abstract: A plant growing vessel includes an impervious outer vessel, a cover, a first permeable membrane, a nutrient chamber, and a pocket. The impervious outer vessel includes an inert substrate in a root zone. The cover is positioned over the impervious outer vessel. The first permeable membrane is in contact with the inert substrate. The nutrient chamber includes solid nutrients. The nutrient chamber is between the cover and the first permeable membrane or between the first permeable membrane and a bottom of the impervious outer vessel, and the solid nutrients are in contact with the first permeable membrane. The pocket is configured to allow seeds, seedlings, or shoots of plants access to the inert substrate through an aperture in the cover.

Abstract: A clog resistant in-line irrigation emitter or nozzle assembly having an emitter structure designed to be inserted into an extruded tube as part of a drip irrigation system. The nozzle assemblies take the high pressure and flow inside the tube and produce a desired flowrate (selectable depending on the requirements of the environment). The emitter of the present disclosure has a higher efficiency than traditional pivot or sprinkler systems or known emitter devices. The emitters not only provide the appropriate pressure attenuation; they resist clogging from the grit and debris in available ground water. The clog resistant in-line irrigation emitter gives a greater pressure attenuation for its physical dimensions than comparable devices and provides an optimal design of a pressure compensating device that improves diaphragm performance. The instant disclosure does allow for the pressure compensation device to be used with various embodiments of a pressure reducing components.

Abstract: Described herein are several embodiments relating to irrigation controllers. In many implementations, the irrigation controllers include a housing and a removable plug-in device. The housing includes a control portion comprising a first microcontroller configured to execute stored irrigation programs. The housing includes an interface connector port and driver circuitry configured to actuate irrigation valves based on control signals received from the first microcontroller. The removable plug-in device removably coupled to the interface connector port and comprising a second microcontroller and a wireless modem configured to communicate with a wireless network.

Abstract: The specification discloses a DWC hydroponic system that includes a plurality of grow tanks, a circulation pump, a nutrient supply line fluidly connecting the outlet of the circulation pump to the grow tanks, and a tank drain line fluidly connected to the grow tanks. Each of the grow tanks is fluidly connected in parallel between the nutrient supply line and the tank drain line. The system further includes a pump suction line fluidly connected to the inlet of the circulation pump, and a plurality of bridge connectors each fluidly connecting the tank drain line to the pump suction line in accordance with a defined pattern. The DWC system may further include a nutrient supply fluidly connected to the circulation pump intake through a valve arrangement.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for hydroponically growing seed and cutting grown plants into more easily digestible pieces. The method and apparatus comprising a seed delivery mechanism, advancing culture belts, at least two distinct environmental zones designed to promote ideal environments for the germination and growth of the seeds, irrigation and lighting systems, an optional recycling system for irrigation water, and a cutter assembly to cut grown plants as they advance into the cutter.

Abstract: The current invention provides methods for creating a block of genetically linked transgenic traits or a megalocus that can be transmitted as a single genetic unit. The present invention further provides methods for trait introgression to other plants, varieties or species using the megaloci of the invention. Also provided are plants, seeds, and plant parts comprising the megaloci.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel tomato plants producing fruits displaying a modified sugar content, particularly displaying an increased sucrose content. The present invention also relates to seeds and parts of said plants, for example fruits. The present invention further relates to methods of making and using such seeds and plants. The present invention also relates to a novel sucrose modifier SucMod allele, which, when combined with a sucrose accumulation TIV allele derived from a green-fruited wild tomato accession, significantly alters the proportion of sugar stored in the fruit, confers increased fruit sucrose content at the expense of hexose sugars and results in a fruit with a distinctive flavour.

Abstract: Described herein is a toilet seat capable of being coupled to an existing toilet bowl enabling the toilet to be used by animals. Further, the toilet seat can be used in training an animal to use a toilet as opposed to going outside or using a litter box. The toilet seat has a platform for the animal to rest upon as well as a number of inserts configured to help with training the animal to use the toilet.

Abstract: One variation of a method for selectively serving primary reinforcers to an animal includes: accessing a set of characteristics of an animal and estimating a target caloric intake of the animal based on the set of characteristics; identifying a type of primary reinforcer loaded into a training apparatus configured to dispense units of the primary reinforcer based on behaviors performed by the animal responsive to commands output by the training apparatus; in response to identifying the type of primary reinforcer as a first primary reinforcer, loading a first nutrient profile for the first primary reinforcer; and, in response to the first nutrient profile specifying a first caloric density of units of the first primary reinforcer, loading a first training protocol for a first training session for the animal onto the training apparatus based on the target caloric intake of the animal.

Abstract: An apparatus for farming animals, with a trough, a distributing system, an identifying system, a database and a control unit that allows, once an animal has been identified, the time passed ‘t’ since the time T0 corresponding to the last feed of said animal to be measured, a new value of the credit feed weight MC to be computed with the formula MC ? ( t ) = M ? P ? ? T * ( t - T 0 ) + M ? C 0 and a succession of feed portions to be distributed to the trough until the animal is sated or until a zero or negative credit feed weight MC is obtained.

Abstract: A liquid dispensing device (100), in particular for watering animals, in particular laboratory animals, such as small rodents or the like, said device (100) comprising a main body (101) which defines a longitudinal cavity (1011) for the passage of watering liquids, said longitudinal cavity (1011) being in communication with the outside through a delivery (1002) and a discharge (1001) for introducing said liquids in said longitudinal cavity (1011) and discharging said liquids from said longitudinal cavity (1011) respectively, a valve body (105) and an annular shape elastic sealing element (120) arranged inside said longitudinal cavity (1011), said valve body (105) comprising a stem with a first portion (106) which extends through said annular sealing element (120) and a flange-shaped head (107), wherein said flange-shaped head (107) is kept pressed against said annular sealing element (120) by means of an elastic thrust element (130), and wherein said stem can switch between a first closing position, in which

Abstract: The Title of this invention is Tabletop Apparatus for Filling and Sealing Drinking Straws with Honey or Other Viscous Liquids Using Centrifugal Force. This is an apparatus for filling and sealing the ends of drinking straws (or other small round reservoirs) with viscous liquids such as honey, syrup, sauces, and oils. The filled straws will hold about 5 ml of liquid and can be used for samples or snacks. The apparatus is designed in such a manner that particles under 4 mm can also be included in the straws. Examples of such inclusions are poppyseeds, pollen grains, apple bits, sesame seeds, and other. The inclusions are generally edible items. Using a specially designed holder and an impulse sealer the straws are then sealed several at a time on one end only before being inserted into the apparatus. After filling, the second end is sealed using the same method.

Abstract: In some embodiments, an underwater camera system for monitoring fish in a fish pen is provided. In some embodiments, a stereoscopic camera may be used to determine dimensions of fish, and the underwater camera system may use the fish dimensions to estimate biomass of fish within the fish pen. The biomass value and rates of change of the biomass value may be used to adjust feeding of the fish in the fish pen. In some embodiments, images captured by the stereoscopic camera may be used to focus a variable focal lens camera on a fish to obtain high-resolution images that can be used for diagnosing fish conditions. In some embodiments, images captured by a camera may be used to predict motion of the fish, and the predicted motion may be used to generate various fish monitoring analytic values. The fish monitoring analytic values may be used to automatically control operation of the fish pen.

Abstract: Provided herein, in some embodiments, are methods for modulating expression and/or activity of disks large-associated protein 2 (DLGAP2), as well as methods of treating age-related cognitive decline, such as Alzheimer's disease.

Abstract: This invention relates to a system for releasing beneficial mites and the use of such a system. Mite species that can be used beneficially for human purposes may for example be employed in the control of pests, such as in the field of agriculture, including agricultural production systems for plant products, agricultural production systems for animal products, and animal husbandry, or in the field of storage of food products. The system of the invention may find use in any of these fields.

Abstract: There is provided a spreading device (100) for trawl fishing and seismic survey operations. The device has an upper frame (111), an intermediate frame (113) and a lower frame (112). There are at least two upper panels (22, 23) between the upper and intermediate frames, and at least two lower panels (22, 23) between the intermediate and lower frames. One of the upper panels and one of the lower panels adjustable in its angle of attack with respect to other panels. There is provided a manual means for adjusting the angle of attack of the adjustable panels.

Abstract: An automatic fishing rod lifter, including an upper arm, a lower arm, and at least one tension spring connecting the two; the upper arm and the lower arm are movably connected so that they are capable of folding and unfolding with respect to each other; a self-lock trigger mechanism is provided at the upper arm and the lower arm; also provided is a protective cover positioned above the tension spring; one end of the protective cover is movably connected with the lower arm, so that the protective cover can use said one end of the protective cover as a pivot point to flip. The protective cover increases safety of operation and thus reduces the risk of injury due to careless maneuver or insufficient folding strength applied to the upper arm and the lower arm. The automatic fishing rod lifter is suitable to be used by both newbies and veterans.

Abstract: A pivoting fishing rod device including: a fishing rod frame pivotally coupled to a base arm on a rotational joint; the fishing rod frame comprising a rod arm and a support arm; rotation of the fishing rod frame relative to the base arm provided on an axis of rotation defined by the rotational joint, the rod arm coupled to the support arm so that the rotation of the rod arm and the support arm is co-dependent; a first resilient member coupled to a first attachment point mounted on the base arm and a second attachment point mounted on the support arm, the first resilient member configured to produce a tension counterbalance force as a distance between the first attachment point and the second attachment point increases.

Abstract: The disclosure provides methods and compositions for modifying psyllid behavior. In addition, the disclosure provides methods and volatile odorants useful for repelling or attracting psyllids.

Abstract: A steam sprayer for delivering steam onto and beneath a field surface is provided. The steam sprayer comprises a support frame having a plurality of steam spraying nozzles mounted thereto and oriented substantially downwardly for spraying steam onto and beneath the field surface. At least a steam generator is connected to the steam spraying nozzles for providing steam thereto. A water heating tank is connected to each of the at least a steam generator for providing heated water at a substantially constant pressure thereto, Compressed air is provided to the water heating tank for pressurizing the water heating tank. Power is provided to the water heating tank and each of the at least a steam generator.

Abstract: A twin-fluid atomized aerial spray system and method of aerial spraying includes flying an atomized spray delivery system with an unmanned aerial system. The atomized spray delivery system includes a first fluid delivery path, a second fluid delivery path and a spray nozzle. The first fluid delivery path has a liquid tank and the second fluid delivery path has a compressed gas tank, wherein the first and second fluid delivery paths deliver respective fluids to the spray nozzle. Liquid from the liquid tank is atomized with compressed gas from the compressed gas tank at the spray nozzle and delivers the atomized spray from the spray nozzle.