Abstract: A controller may obtain, from one or more first devices of a first machine, first information regarding a load associated with a first portion of an object. The first portion, of the object, may be carried by an implement of the first machine and a second portion, of the object, may be carried by an implement of a second machine. The controller may obtain, from one or more second devices of the first machine, second information regarding an orientation of the first machine. The controller may determine, based on the first information and a threshold derived based on the second information, that a load drop condition is satisfied; perform a first action associated with dropping the load; and transmit, to the second machine, information regarding the first action to cause the second machine to perform a second action.

Abstract: A hydraulic system for a working machine includes a hydraulic actuator configured to be operated by operation fluid, a control valve connected to the hydraulic actuator, and a communication fluid line for fluid communication between the hydraulic actuator and the control valve. The control valve includes a first supply path to guide the operation fluid toward the hydraulic actuator; a regeneration path to guide the operation fluid having been returned to the control valve from the hydraulic actuator, to the first supply path; and a branched path that branches from the regeneration path and supplies operation fluid to outside of the control valve.

Abstract: To achieve reduction of fuel consumption and enhancement of operability, in a hydraulic control circuit provided with a bypass oil passage formed by being branched from a discharge line of a hydraulic pump and extending to an oil tank, and a bypass valve having variable opening area for controlling a flow rate of the bypass oil passage, and to accurately perform pump pressure control through opening area control of the bypass valve without being affected by a condition of each time.

Abstract: A work vehicle includes a first hydraulic pump that supplies hydraulic oil to a first hydraulic motor so as to drive a first travel device forward when hydraulic pressure applied to a first port is higher than hydraulic pressure applied to a second port, and a second hydraulic pump to drive a second travel device forward when hydraulic pressure applied to a third port is higher than hydraulic pressure applied to a fourth port. A first pilot oil passage, a second pilot oil passage, a third pilot oil passage, and a fourth pilot oil passage connect the operation device to first, second, third, and fourth ports, respectively. A first bypass oil passage connects the first pilot oil passage and the fourth pilot oil passage. A second bypass oil passage connects the second pilot oil passage and the third pilot oil passage. A first throttle is provided in the first bypass oil passage. A second throttle is provided in the second bypass oil passage.

Abstract: A system for detecting a potential collision between an object and a mining machine, the system comprising: a sensor, a first strobe light and a second strobe light, and an electronic processor configured to identify a virtual perimeter around at least a portion of the mining machine, identify a plurality of collision zones, the plurality of collision zones including at least one immediate collision zone and at least one potential collision zone, receive a signal from a sensor indicating detection of the object in one of the plurality of collision zones, determine, based on the signal, whether the object is in the immediate collision zone or the potential collision zone, generate, in response to determining that the object is in the potential collision zone, a first indication, and generate, in response to determining that the object is in the immediate collision zone, a second indication different than the first indication.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a machine operating at a worksite, is provided. The machine includes an implement for performing one or more implement operations and is configured to be propelled by a set of ground engaging members between a first location and second location. A first input indicative of start of a travelling operation of the machine after completion of a first implement operation at the first location, is received. One or more transmission parameters associated with the machine are determined, when the machine moves from first location to second location. A second input indicative of end of the travelling operation at start of a second implement operation at the second location is received. A number of revolutions completed by ground engaging members between the first location and the second location is determined based on the transmission parameters. The number of revolutions is displayed on input/output device associated with machine.

Abstract: Each time clogging of a filter (5) of an air cleaner is determined on the basis of intake negative pressure of an engine (2), and the air filter (5) is cleaned, an accumulated value of operating time of the engine (2) from previous cleaning until clogging is determined is taken as a cleaning interval (S), and sequentially measured. A plurality of stages are previously set by classifying a minimum value and a maximum value of the cleaning interval (S), and the measured cleaning interval (S) is added to the stage to which the measured cleaning interval (S) is to belong, among the stages. A histogram in which an axis of abscissas is taken as the stage, an axis of ordinates is taken as frequency of the cleaning interval (S) is constructed, and an approximate straight line (L2) illustrated by a solid line is obtained by approximating a characteristic line (L1) of the histogram illustrated by a dotted line to a straight line.

Abstract: A monitoring system calculates, based on a contour data, a first slope angle representing an inclination angle of a slope to a ground surface on which a construction machine stands, detects a ground surface angle representing an inclination angle of the ground surface to a horizontal plane, calculates a second slope angle representing an inclination angle of the slope to the horizontal plane by adding the first slope angle to the ground surface angle, calculates a relative angle of a longitudinal direction of a lower traveling body to an inclination direction of the slope, and determines that the construction machine is in an unstable state when the second slope angle is larger than a first threshold and the relative angle is larger than a second threshold.

Abstract: A heavy equipment hazard warning apparatus for a piece of heavy equipment at a site and a system and method for use of the same are disclosed. In one embodiment of the heavy equipment hazard warning apparatus, the location of the heavy equipment is monitored by the heavy equipment warning apparatus and analyzed with reference to a hazard safety site plan of the site that identifies a hazard such as existing utilities, for example. An alert notification is initialized in response to the heavy equipment encroaching on a hazard geofence around the hazard. A shutdown notification is initialized in response to the heavy equipment being proximate to the hazard.

Abstract: Work machines, drive assemblies for work machines, and methods of measuring torque of a driven component of a work machine are disclosed herein. A work machine includes a frame structure, a rotational power source supported by the frame structure, and a driven component supported by the frame structure that is coupled to the rotational power source to receive rotational power therefrom in use of the work machine. The driven component extends between a first end and a second end arranged opposite the first end. Additionally, the work machine includes a first encoder system coupled to the first end of the driven component, a second encoder system coupled to the second end of the driven component, and a control system supported by the frame structure that includes a controller communicatively coupled to the first encoder system and the second encoder system.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein for navigating an operator of a self-propelled vehicle for coupling with an attachment implement therefor. Each one of a first set of sensing elements arranged on the vehicle coupler forms a sensing pair with a respective one of a set of second sensing elements arranged on the attachment implement. Indicia for each of the sensing pairs on a user interface is displayed to the operator, corresponding to a three-dimensional spatial orientation of the first and second sensing elements with respect to each other. The user interface may comprise respective portions for each sensing pair, each portion comprising an indicator dynamically adjusted in a crosshair corresponding to first and second dimensions of alignment of the corresponding sensing elements with respect to each other, and the indicator in each portion further dynamically adjusted in appearance corresponding to a third dimension of distance between the corresponding sensing elements.

Abstract: A backflow prevention system and apparatus is disclosed. The system includes a pipe designed to couple to a washer. The backflow prevention apparatus includes a housing and two one-way valves. The housing secured to the pipe. A first one-way valve is coupled to the housing, with the first one-way valve defining a first cross-slit. A second one-way valve is coupled to the housing and spaced from the first one-way valve, with the second one-way valve defining a second cross-slit. The first one-way valve and the second one-way valve are designed to allow fluid flow, through the housing, in a first direction and prevent flow of suds, foam, gas, or combinations thereof in a second direction opposite the first direction.

Abstract: A testing device for backflow prevention devices, the testing device comprising a first connection portion adapted for connection to one of a high pressure side or a low pressure side of a backflow prevention device, a second connection portion adapted for connection to the other of the high pressure side or the low pressure side of the backflow pressure device, and an electronic differential pressure gauge positioned in fluid communication with the first connection portion and the second connection portion and adapted to measure the differential pressure between the high pressure side and the low pressure side of the backflow prevention device.

Abstract: A tool and method for a faucet installation is disclosed. Both sides of the T-shaped flange are provided with screw holes, guide grooves, a first step, and a second step. A tightening screw is arranged in the screw hole, and the tightening screw is threadedly connected with the tightening component. The tightening screw controls the tightening part in the T-flange to rotate and unfold from the first step, and then fit in the guide groove and tighten upward, tighten and fix the T-flange in the faucet fixing hole of the sink, and then connect and fix the faucet with the fixing device to realize the operation and installation of the faucet on the front of the sink. The fixing device can be installed and fixed by rotating the two tightening screws in the positive direction.

Abstract: The invention relates to a fitting for dispensing liquids, in particular water, comprising an outlet with two outlet parts, a first liquid outflow for delivering a first liquid, in particular treated water, preferably hot water, arranged in the first of the two outlet parts, and a second liquid outflow for delivering a second liquid, in particular mixed water, arranged in the second of the two outlet parts, wherein the two outlet parts can be set movably and releasably in relation to each other, wherein a receiving part is arranged in the first outlet part for releasably setting the second outlet part on the first outlet part, and the first liquid outflow is arranged in the receiving part.

Abstract: A water output device is adapted to be connected to an inlet tube and includes an outlet tube and an outlet shelf having an upper outlet surface. The outlet tube passes through the outlet shelf and extends upward from the upper outlet surface and communicates with the inlet tube. A side wall of the outlet tube has a first outlet opening. The upper outlet surface has a guiding recess having an open side formed on a side edge of the upper outlet surface, so that a water flowing from the first outlet opening is guided by the guiding recess to flow out through the open side. The outlet shelf could be placed bath supplies and provide users with a special visual experience, and water could be outputted from the first outlet opening beyond the outlet shelf and guided by the guiding recess to flow out through the open side.

Abstract: A modular plumbing system having one or more carriers each attached to a carrier mount that may be joined to one or more base rails. The modular plumbing system may be transported to a construction site fully assembled and ready to be installed by anchoring the plumbing system to a floor and connecting plumbing lines within the plumbing system to existing plumbing lines.

Abstract: A drain cleaning device for removing debris from a drain is disclosed herein. In one embodiment, the drain cleaning device includes a handle section, an elongated rod section having a first end and a second end oppositely disposed relative to the first end, the first end of the elongated rod section being connected to the handle section; and a tip section connected to the second end of the elongated rod section, the tip section including a central core portion and a plurality of protruding elements extending from the central core portion, the plurality of protruding elements configured to grab and collect debris from a drain pipe.

Abstract: A plume cleaning system for a toilet is integrated with a toilet. In one example, a plume cleaner assembly adjacent to a toilet seat is independently removable with respect to the toilet seat. The plume cleaner assembly may include a plume cleaner, apertures, and a fan positioned to draw plume air through the plurality of apertures for treatment by the plume cleaner and expel the treated plume air out of the plume cleaner assembly in a direction at an angle to the apertures. In another example, a plume cleaner assembly with the toilet seat may include at least a fan, an electrostatic collector, and a mist generator. In another example, a plume cleaner assembly is integrated in a tank of the toilet to generate a sanitization fluid that is channeled into the toilet bowl through an overflow tube and/or rim channels.

Abstract: An underground stormwater management system comprising a sediment settling chamber, a plurality of stormwater management cells, and a trash capturing net. The sediment settling chamber has a sediment settling chamber floor and a discharge port located at a higher elevation than the sediment settling chamber floor. The plurality of stormwater management cells are located adjacent each other, and each cell comprises a body portion and an internal region, and is adapted to permit passage of stormwater into and out of the internal region of such cell. The plurality of stormwater management cells combine to form a stormwater management chamber downstream of the sediment settling chamber and in fluid communication with the sediment settling chamber. The trash capturing net is at least partially located within the stormwater management chamber and is adapted and configured to capture trash and debris in stormwater discharged from the discharge port.

Abstract: A space frame is provided having a first set of nodes located along a first surface and a second set of nodes located along a second surface, and a unitary cell. The second surface non-intersecting the first surface. The unitary cell comprises at least four continuous web elements and extending in three dimensions. The unitary cell spans at least two nodes of the first set of nodes and at least two nodes of the second set of nodes.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a Tetris house in which a structural material and an insulating material are combined with each other to further save a space, and an exterior of the structural material is treated with neoprene to block a heat bridge between an inside and an outside and prevent condensation. The Tetris house includes a plurality of structural materials which are installed in regions corresponding to respective sides of a hexahedron, and a connector which is installed in a region corresponding to each corner of the hexahedron to connect adjacent structural materials to each other, in which the structural material includes a metal pipe, a first insulating material with which an inside of the metal pile is filled, and a second insulating material which surrounds an outside of the metal pipe.

Abstract: A wooden structural joint is provided, including a wooden rectangular base member comprising, at one end, a removed center element, a plurality of removed center edge elements, and four intact corner elements, where the removed center element and the plurality of removed center edge elements are formed from vertical and horizontal cuts into the one end of the wooden rectangular base member, a plurality of horizontal members, each horizontal member having a height and further having a tab cut therein at one edge of the horizontal member, the tab cut at a percentage of the height such that all horizontal members fit securely together when assembled within the wooden rectangular base member, and a wooden rectangular top member having one end cut similar to the wooden rectangular base member.

Abstract: A method for constructing wooden framing for a structure is provided. The method includes locating a base on a horizontal surface, providing a wooden vertical framing support element on the base, installing a horizontal support member between the wooden vertical framing support element and one other wooden vertical framing support element, adjusting at least one of the base and the wooden vertical framing support element to have precise spacing between the wooden vertical framing support element and the one other wooden vertical framing support element, and securing the base to the horizontal surface and the wooden vertical framing support element to the base.

Abstract: The invention relates to a modular integrated construction joint which includes a first building module, a second building module or a structural wall and a joint between the first building module and the second building module or structural wall. The joint includes a flexible seamless stitching system, which provides a long-term firestop, smokestop and waterproof for the joint cavity in-between modules in modular integrated construction (MiC).

Abstract: A firestopping apparatus including a housing defined by first and second housing members. Each housing member includes a width direction wall panel and a height direction wall panel. The width direction wall panel of the first housing member is configured to connect with the height direction wall panel of the second housing member and the width direction wall panel of the second housing member is configured to connect with the height direction wall panel of the first housing member to define an assembled housing with a through passage. Intumescent material is positioned along an inner surface of each wall panel. A compressible foam is positioned within the intumescent material and substantially closes off the through passage.

Abstract: A mortarless block system for forming walls from blocks which are stackable in sequential rows upon each other. Upper rows of blocks positioned upon lower rows are securable by positioning of support rods through aligned passages thereof. The passages extend between upper and lower notches in each respective block. The support rods are engaged to connectors which are sized to fit completely within the notches to thereby leave the upper and lower surfaces of each lower row flush to stacking overhead rows thereon.

Abstract: A framing system for constructing a wall frame assembly having a framing member and studs. A template of the framing system has an elongated body configured to be located on a surface of the framing member and a series of spaced apart openings corresponding to locations for placement of ends of the studs. A framing guide of the framing system has a body, a passage that is configured to receive a fastener, and a guiding surface within the passage is disposed at an angle relative to a bottom surface of the body to direct the fastener along a predetermined angle and direction relative to a front surface of the body. The template may be used to locate studs onto the framing member. The framing guide may be used to guide the fastener to connect the stud and framing member.

Abstract: A ceiling façade system includes: a ceiling tile including an interior panel defining a first edge extending along a first side of the ceiling tile and a second edge extending along a second side of the ceiling tile opposite the first edge, a heating element, and an insulator layer arranged over the heating element opposite the interior panel; a first receiver extending along and configured to support the first side of the ceiling tile on a linear lighting track arranged on a ceiling structure and configured to locate the first edge of the interior panel adjacent and partially concealing the linear lighting track; and a second receiver extending along and configured to support the second side of the ceiling tile on a linear seam track arranged on the ceiling structure, the linear seam track laterally offset from the linear lighting track.

Abstract: A ceiling system is provided for use in a building space. The ceiling system has an open cell grid structure and is attached to a support structure of the building via hanging hardware. The open cell grid structure is constructed of a plurality of bottom panels attached to the hanging hardware, a plurality of middle panels attached to the plurality of bottom panels, and a plurality of top panels attached to the plurality of middle panels. The bottom, middle, and top panels are arranged in a plurality of rows and arranged to ensure that the plurality of panels form an interconnected system capable of being extended to any size desired by a user.

Abstract: There is provided a board for building with a magnetic layer including the board for building; and the magnetic layer that covers at least a part of a surface of the building board, wherein the magnetic layer includes a magnetic material and an inorganic binder.

Abstract: An extruded profile defining a normal section surface, a horizontal loading direction along the normal section surface and a vertical loading direction along the normal section surface perpendicular to the horizontal loading direction The profile includes a core arranged in a central position at the intersection of the directions, a plurality of arms each including a radial segment radially connected to the core and a tangential segment perpendicularly connected to the radial segment The radial segments of the adjacent arms are perpendicular to each other and each oriented 45° to the horizontal load direction and/or the vertical load direction, and the tangential segments of the adjacent arms are configured to simultaneously support the same load along the horizontal load direction and/or the vertical load direction.

Abstract: An anchorage includes a bearing plate arranged in an end portion of a concrete structure with an insertion hole formed therein and formed with a through hole connecting to the insertion hole. A sleeve is inserted through the insertion hole and the through hole, with one end portion of the sleeve disposed on the outside of the structure. A tendon is inserted within the sleeve, with one end portion of the tendon disposed on the outside of the structure. A locknut is engaged with the one end portion of the sleeve and in contact with the outer surface of the bearing plate. A PC grout fills the insertion hole and the sleeve. Before filling, the tendon is applied with tension and, after strength expression of the PC grout, the tension is released. The tendon undergoes a Poisson effect to expand radially outward and compression stress occurs in the PC grout.

Abstract: Provided is a rebar splicer enabling quick visual measuring of a predetermined torque value, comprising: a female splicing piece and at least one male splicing piece. The female splicing piece includes a body, at least one end portion, and at least one connecting portion. The at least one connecting portion is disposed between at least one end of the body and the at least one end portion, and at least one groove is formed around the outer side of the at least one connecting portion surrounding circumferential direction. The at least one connecting portion has a thickness smaller than the thickness of at least one end portion and the thickness of the body. The present invention enables inspectors to quickly visually check whether a predetermined torque value is reached, thereby judging whether the locked is secured, avoiding complicated inspection, shortening working hours, and having high efficiency.

Abstract: An interlocking panel system for covering a base surface with interlocking panels to prevent water ingress is provided. A first panel includes a sheet-like section, a receptacle connected to the sheet-like section, a first projection and a second projection. An interlock includes an interlock hook portion and an interlock receiving portion with the interlock configured to be inserted into the receptacle of the first panel and at least one of the interlock hook portion or the receptacle preventing the interlock from being withdrawn from the first panel. A second panel includes a sheet-like portion and a second panel hook portion configured to be inserted into the interlock receiving portion and engage with the second projection of the first panel. At least one of the second panel hook portion or the second projection preventing the second panel from being withdrawn from the first panel and/or interlock.

Abstract: A method is provided for forming an adhered membrane roof system that meets Factory Mutual (FM) 4470/4474 standards for wind uplift. The method comprises applying a bond adhesive to a substrate on a roof to form an adhesive layer and applying a membrane directly to the adhesive layer. The bond adhesive includes a moisture-curable polymer.

Abstract: The present invention generally relates to privacy shade apparatus. Specifically, the present invention relates to a portable privacy shade apparatus configured to attach to a railing or fence and a method of installing the shade apparatus. The shade apparatus includes a frame having first and second legs. A transverse member connects top portions of the two legs and extends between them. The transverse member houses a rolled-up screen mounted on a spool inside the transverse member, and the screen is deployed by unrolling the screen thereby forming a barrier in a void space outlined by the frame. The transverse member may also be used to mount blinds, curtains, or other shade or privacy barrier.

Abstract: Apparatus (50) for fitting to an end of an internal wall, said apparatus (50) including a web portion (52) and a pair of legs (61, 63) extending from the web portion (52) in the same direction; at least one of the legs (61) in said pair of legs (61, 63) having a recess (56) that extends into a space formed by the web portion (52) and each of said legs (61, 63) such that a shadow line is created by the recess (56) near to the wall end in the overall finish of said wall.

Abstract: An attachment system for attaching architectural facade panels to a wall, the attachment system having an elongated base rail, a Z-adjustment clip, an X-Y adjustment clip, and architectural panel. The base rail is configured to fasten to the wall. The Z-adjustment clip is configured to couple to the base rail. One or both of the fastening holes of the base rail or the fastening hole of the Z-adjustment clip are slots. The X-Y adjustment clip is configured to couple to the Z-adjustment clip. One or both of the fastening hole of the Z-adjustment clip or the fastening holes of the X-Y adjustment clip are slots. The architectural panel is configured to be secured to and supported by the X-Y adjustment clip. The slots allow for adjustment in each of the X, Y, and Z directions.

Abstract: A flooring element suitable for connection to other elements in a flooring system. The flooring element comprises a body, a female connector and a retainer. The body defines a connector surface that is horizontal when in use. The female connector comprises a connector recess which is suitable for receiving a male connector and also which defines a connector opening in the connector surface. The retainer is connectable to the body such that, while it is connected to the body, the retainer is movable between and open position and a closed position. When in the closed position, the retainer is arranged to restrict movement of the male connector to guard against the male connector exiting the connector recess through the connector opening. When in the open position, the retainer does not restrict movement of the male connector thereby permitting the male connector to exit the connector recess through the connector opening.

Abstract: A set of essentially identical floorboards each including a front face and a rear face extending in the horizontal plane, a core, and a surface layer, a mechanical locking system is arranged at least at two opposite edges for connecting a floorboard with an adjacent floorboard in a horizontal and a vertical direction, said mechanical locking system being configured for connecting the floorboard with the adjacent floorboard by vertical folding, wherein one of said opposite edges is provided with a horizontally extending protrusion at an upper edge, and wherein said protrusion is configured to overlap a surface groove at an upper edge of the other of said opposite edges, such that two connected and adjacent floorboards have upper overlapping edges.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a floor panel and to a floor covering including a plurality of such floor panels. The present invention particularly relates to a laminated floor panel. The floor panel of the invention includes a hook that protrudes from an upward tongue of one floor panel to engage a clearance between an upward tongue block and an upward tongue of an adjacent floor panel.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a panel and to a floor covering including the same. The present invention also relates to other coverings, such as a wall covering, which are constructed by using a plurality of the panels. According to the invention, the panel includes a first and second coupling profile on opposing sides of the panel. The first coupling profile includes an upward tongue that has a curved portion. This upward tongue is spaced apart from a first inner flank of the panel by a clearance that defines an upward groove. According to the invention, an outermost point of the curved portion is positioned further away from the first inner flank than a center point of the upward tongue.

Abstract: A floor frame includes at least two spaced longitudinal support strips and at least one lateral support strip. Each longitudinal support strip has longitudinal upper and lower portions and a pair of longitudinal side walls. A shoulder is designed on at least one of the pair longitudinal side walls and located between the longitudinal upper and lower portions. Two shoulders of the two longitudinal support strips are opposite to each other. The lateral support strip includes lateral upper and lower portions and a pair of lateral side walls. Two ends of the lateral support strip are placed on the two shoulders of the longitudinal support strips, respectively. A plurality of longitudinal and lateral support strips constitutes a grid-type structure under the distribution of longitudinal and lateral directions to provide the placement and fixation of a plurality of floor panels.

Abstract: A tool for the application of pressing wedges in wedge-type levelling spacer systems used in the application of tiles and that are equipped with a base block and a pressing wedge. The tool includes a handgrip from a front end of which projects a support rod having a longitudinal axis, a slider constrained to the support rod and at least partially delimiting a through opening configured to slidably receive at least one axial segment of the pressing wedge, a thruster associated with the handgrip in a movable manner at least along a thrusting direction parallel to the longitudinal axis of the support rod between an advanced position, wherein the thruster is proximal to the slider, and a withdrawn position, wherein the thruster is distal from the slider, and a mechanical actuator associated with the handgrip and configured to actuate the thruster at least from the withdrawn position to the advanced position.

Abstract: A prop-brace coupler has a first section configured to be selectively connected to a vertical prop member of a construction platform that includes a vertical spacing member and a diagonal bracing member. The prop-brace coupler also has a second section configured to be selectively connected to the vertical spacing member and to the diagonal bracing member.

Abstract: Methods, systems, and apparatus, for performing additive manufacturing with concrete. One example is an additive manufacturing print head. The print head includes a body defining an internal flow path, a print nozzle at an outlet of the internal flow path, an auger disposed within the internal flow path, a first microwave emitter, and a second microwave emitter. The auger is operable to convey a concrete mixture towards the print nozzle. The first microwave emitter is operable to alter a viscosity of the concrete moisture within the flow path by directing first microwave energy towards the internal flow path. The second microwave emitter is arranged to direct second microwave energy towards the concrete mixture when it exits the print nozzle.

Abstract: A formwork system includes (a) a wallform panel for forming a wall portion; and (b) at least one brace assembly including a pair of vertically spaced apart props pivotably connected to the wallform panel for pivoting of the brace assembly relative to the wallform panel between a storage position, in which the brace assembly lies adjacent the wallform panel, and a deployed position, in which the brace assembly projects from the wallform panel for anchoring the props to a ground surface through a common base plate connected to each prop.

Abstract: A roof attachment system and methods of using same during the installation, maintenance, or repair of a roof on a commercial or residential building structure. The roof attachment system and the related methods of using and implementing the system include, among other things, an anchor or internal support assembly, and a hook or securement assembly. The roof attachment system enables the installer to utilize at least one internal support assembly, or at least one internal support assembly and the securement assembly to install the roof, depending upon the installation stage of the roof. Upon completion of the installation process, the roof includes multiple concealed internal support assemblies that provide multiple anchor points that are spaced an appreciable distance apart along the ridgeline of the roof.

Abstract: Bypass mechanisms especially useful for automatic swimming pool cleaners are described. Such a mechanism may facilitate climbing of generally vertical walls by the cleaners. When a cleaner is to be extracted from a swimming pool, the mechanism additionally may assist in draining water from within the body of the cleaner to facilitate extraction.