Abstract: Disclosed herein is a catheter advancement device having an elongate shaft and a capsule attached to or integral with the shaft, and related methods for assisting with advancement of catheters such as cardiovascular guiding catheters while reducing damage to the inner wall of the blood vessel. Some capsules have a distal plug portion and a neck portion having a smaller diameter than the plug. Other capsules have a channel defined along the outer surface of the capsule. Some elongate shafts have an attachment tube disposed at or near the proximal end thereof.

Abstract: Delivery devices, systems, and methods may be configured to define a barrier region at a treatment site to deliver one or more therapeutic materials. A device for delivering one or more therapeutic materials to a treatment site may include a body; one or more members that are movable with respect to the body and that are configured to define a barrier region at the treatment site; and one or more delivery lumens configured to deliver one or more therapeutic materials to the barrier region.

Abstract: An apparatus is for use in connection with an implement for being inserted into a vascular space. The apparatus includes a body having a passage adapted for receiving the implement. A counter is provided for counting the amount the implement moves through the passage of the body. A kit may include a first counter adapted for use with a first device having a first diameter for being inserted into the vasculature, and a second counter adapted for use with a second device having a second diameter for being inserted into the vasculature. Related methods are also described.

Abstract: An intravascular device comprises an elongated outer catheter body having a proximal catheter end, a distal catheter end, and an inner catheter lumen extending between the proximal catheter end and the distal catheter end. The intravascular device further comprises an elongated inner articulating member slidably disposed within the inner catheter lumen. The inner articulating member has a proximal member end and an articulatable distal member end. The intravascular device further comprises a control assembly mechanically coupled to the proximal catheter end and the proximal member end. The control assembly is configured for distally translating the outer catheter body over the inner articulating member, and for articulating the distal member end.

Abstract: An access device for placing a medical article within a body space includes a syringe, a needle, and a sheath which are employed together with a guide wire. The sheath can be coaxially and slideably disposed about the needle. During insertion of the sheath over the needle, guide wire and into the body space, the syringe provides a negative pressure to ensure that any air located between the inside diameter of the sheath and the outside diameter of the needle is drawn into the needle rather than into the body space. In certain embodiments, a dilator is coaxially and slideably disposed about the needle and within the sheath.

Abstract: Guide extension catheters and related methods are disclosed. A guide extension catheter can comprise an elongate tube member and a lumenless push member. The push member can be eccentrically coupled to the tube member for slidably positioning the tube member within and partially beyond a distal end of a guide catheter. At least a proximal end portion of the push member can include a cross-section defined by an arcuate first surface and an opposing second surface. The first surface can engage an inner wall surface of the guide catheter along an arc length, and the second surface can be spaced furthest from the first surface at its center point. The first surface can have the same or substantially the same radius of curvature as the guide catheter's inner wall surface, and the second surface can be flat or substantially flat. This configuration of the push member can provide an advantageous blend of stiffness and flexibility, as well as space conservation through the guide catheter.

Abstract: The disclosure provides insertion tools and articles that facilitate entry of a medical device, such as a balloon catheter, into the body, and that can provide advantages in terms of balloon insertion, safety, and drug delivery. The insertion tool includes a tubular portion that accommodates a balloon portion of a balloon catheter, and one or more separation margin(s) in the wall of the tubular portion or one or more split(s) in the tubular wall. The insertion tool also includes a proximal tab that extends from a second lengthwise half having a portion at an angle skew to the lengthwise axis, or that is in the form of a solid article comprising a concave surface that is fastened to an outer surface of the second lengthwise half of the tubular portion; or first and second tabs that extend from first and second lengthwise halves of the tubular portion, respectively.

Abstract: Magnetic-based electronic valve readers for determining a location and orientation of magnets coupled to implantable medical devices to determine a setting of the device (e.g., setting of a fluid flow control valve of the medical device). The electronic valve readers include an orientation sensing mechanism that is provided and configured to enable the electronic valve reader to: 1) allow for internal offset calculation of an orientation change of the electronic valve reader during a reading process; and/or 2) during the reading process, provide an indication or warning to the clinician that the orientation of the electronic valve reader has changed to an extent at or exceeding a predetermined angular acceptance threshold or window. Systems including the disclosed electronic valve readers and methods of reading a setting of the device are also disclosed.

Abstract: Systems for the treatment and prevention of pelvic dysfunction are provided. In one embodiment, a vaginal dilation device includes a handle portion and a shaft portion. The shaft portion is configured to expand from a collapsed configuration to an expanded configuration. The shaft portion can include a distal tip region, a spine region, and a distal arm region connecting the distal tip region to the spine region. The spine region can extend distally from the handle portion to the distal arm region, and can be generally tubular in shape. The distal arm region can be generally conical in shape and be configured to provide a gradual increase in diameter from the distal tip region to the spine region. Methods of use are also provided.

Abstract: A surgical system and method are used to position a guidewire within an anatomical passageway includes the guidewire, a dilator, a reference feature, and a marker. The guidewire has a guidewire body extending to a distal body end portion. The dilator is secured on the distal body end portion and configured to expand from a contracted state to an expanded state. The dilator in the contracted state is configured to pass through an isthmus of a Eustachian tube. The dilator in the expanded state is configured to dilate the Eustachian tube. The reference feature secured relative to the guidewire, and the marker is positioned on the guidewire a predetermined distance from the reference feature. Thereby, the marker is configured to indicate the predetermined distance to an operator for determining a depth of the reference feature in the anatomical passageway.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide an anti-adhesive/anti-clogging and/or color marked/tinted micro-capillary tube (microtube), microneedle, or micropipette. Typically, the color/tint will be selected such that the tip of the microneedle or micropipette is in contrast (e.g., visually) to the biological material. The tint/color may be selected to contrast the stained biological material. In some aspects, the color mark comprises nanoparticles that are modified by adding a non-adhesive coating/material that minimizes protein adhesion/adsorption. The microtubes and/or micropipettes may be treated with an anti-clogging reagent and an anti-adhesive reagent to prevent or reduce clogging and adhesion of the micropipette or microneedle to biological materials. The microtubes and/or micropipettes may be formed using additive printing processes and additive manufacturing techniques or from micropipette and microneedle pullers.

Abstract: The present technology relates to a hemostasis sealing device having a device enclosure with a first seal portion for a medical device and a second seal portion for guide wire sealing. The device enclosure can be generally configured for compressive communication with a housing. The second seal portion can define a split that is in compressive communication with structural elements of the hemostasis sealing device, which can simultaneously provide sealing functionality and allow passage of relatively large-bore devices.

Abstract: A first tube connector and a second tube connector are to be automatically and mechanically attached to and detached from each other. Provided is an attaching/detaching device (100) including: a fixing portion (104) configured to fix a first tube connector (105); a holding portion (107) configured to hold a second tube connector (106); a moving portion configured to move the holding portion (107), which holds the second tube connector (106), in a direction of approaching the first tube connector (105) to connect the second tube connector (106) to the first tube connector (105), and move the second tube connector (106) after the connection in a direction of separating from the first tube connector (105) to release the connection of the second tube connector (106) and the first tube connector (105).

Abstract: A fluid mixing device for mixing a first injection fluid and a second injection fluid includes a first fluid inlet, a second fluid inlet, a mixing chamber in fluid communication with the first and second fluid inlets, and an outlet port in fluid communication with the mixing chamber. The first fluid inlet is configured to conduct the first injection fluid in a first direction and has a first redirecting surface. The second fluid inlet is configured to conduct the second injection fluid in a second direction along a different axis from the first direction and has a second redirecting surface. The mixing chamber is configured to mix the first injection fluid and the second fluid together. The mixture of the first injection fluid and the second injection fluid exits the fluid mixing device via the outlet port.

Abstract: A medical suctioning, pressure relief valve having a housing having a central fluid passage way, a first suction tubing connector configured to connect suction tubing to the central fluid passage way, a second suction tubing connector configured to connect suction tubing to the central fluid passage way, and a one-way internal pressure relief valve configured to allow ambient air into the central passage way when a set negative pressure is reached within the central passage. A method of suctioning a fluid from a patient using the medical suctioning, pressure relief valve.

Abstract: An implantable cardiovascular blood pump system is provided, suitable for use as a left ventricular assist device (LVAD) system, having an implantable cardiovascular pump, an extracorporeal battery and a controller coupled to the implantable pump, and a programmer selectively periodically coupled to the controller to configure and adjust operating parameters of the implantable cardiovascular pump. The implantable cardiovascular blood pump includes a coaxial inflow cannula and outflow cannula in fluid communication with one another and with a pumping mechanism. The pumping mechanism may be a vibrating membrane pump which may include a flexible membrane coupled to an electromagnetic actuator assembly that causes wavelike undulations to propagate along the flexible membrane to propel blood through the implantable cardiovascular pump.

Abstract: A neck-hanging massaging device includes an elastic arm, a first handle, a second handle, an electrode assembly and an electric pulse generating device. The first handle and the second handle are fixedly connected to the two sides of the elastic arm. The electrode assembly is arranged on the elastic arm. The electric pulse generating device is electrically connected with the electrode assembly. The electric pulse generating device is arranged in the first handle.

Abstract: Various aspects of the present disclosure are directed toward apparatuses, systems, and methods that include an implantable lead having a terminal pin, a conductor member configured to rotate in response to rotation of the terminal pin and a coupler arranged within configured to interface with the conductor member and having a rear bearing surface contacting the inner wall of a housing.

Abstract: Embodiments detect obstructive sleep apnea (“OSA”). Embodiments measure a pattern of breathing by a user; and analyze the pattern using stored breath limits to determine one or more missed breaths by the user.

Abstract: The invention is a medical implant which is a wrap-around cuff comprising a flexible, biocompatible, film carrier substrate, that has a carrier substrate region which is wrapped around a wrap axis to form a tube. The invention has a protective structure directly or indirectly attached to the carrier substrate, which can be transformed from a first, open state into a second closed state that encloses the carrier substrate region that is wrapped to form a tube at least axially around a wrapping axis extending in the peripheral direction of the tube.

Abstract: Wireless treatment of arrhythmias. At least some of the example embodiments are methods including: charging a capacitor of a first microchip device abutting heart tissue, the charging by harvesting ambient energy; charging a capacitor of a second microchip device abutting the heart tissue, the charging of the capacitor of the second microchip device by harvesting ambient energy; sending a command wirelessly from a communication device outside the rib cage to the microchip devices; applying electrical energy to the heart tissue by the first microchip device responsive to the command, the electrical energy applied from the capacitor of the first microchip device; and applying electrical energy to the heart tissue by the second microchip device responsive to the command to the second microchip device, the electrical energy applied from the capacitor of the second microchip device.

Abstract: A cosmetic method for treating a skin of a person is presented, the method comprises inserting one or more needles to one or more depths into the skin of the person such that at least a tip of at least one needle of the one or more needles is deployed within a muscle layer of the person's skin; applying a negative DC voltage to the one or more needles, while a skin of the person is in contact with a positive electrode to form one or more closed circuits of DC current through the person's body; and providing the DC current for a pre-selected amount of time to damage and/or ablate muscles and/or muscle nerve cells in the muscle layer; thereby providing a skin treatment comprising reducing and/or smoothing wrinkles from the person's skin.

Abstract: Embodiments herein relate to medical devices and methods for using the same to treat cancerous tumors within a bodily tissue. A medical device system is included having an electric field generating circuit configured to generate one or more electric fields and a control circuit in communication with the electric field generating circuit. The control circuit configured to control delivery of the one or more electric fields from the electric field generating circuit. The system can include two or more electrodes to deliver the electric fields to a site of a cancerous tumor within a patient and a temperature sensor to measure the temperature of tissue at the site of the cancerous tumor. The control circuit can cause the electric field generating circuit to generate one or more electric fields at frequencies selected from a range of between 10 kHz to 1 MHz. Other embodiments are also included herein.

Abstract: The disclosed electrical stimulation system generates interventions to assist patients in complying with a diet. The wearable device includes a microprocessor, electrical stimulator and at least one electrode configured to deliver electrical stimulation to the epidermis, through a range of 0.1 mm to 10 mm or a range of 0.1 mm to 20 mm of the dermis, of a T2 dermatome to a T12 dermatome or meridian of the patient, a C5 to a T1 dermatome across the hand and/or arm, and/or the upper chest regions. The device is adapted to provide electrical stimulation as per stimulation protocols and to communicate wirelessly with a companion control device configured to monitor and record appetite patterns of the patient and deliver titrated therapy. The control device is also configured to monitor, record, and modify stimulation parameters of the stimulation protocols.

Abstract: A music sync low frequency stimulator can includes a speaker for outputting a plurality of first sound source signals, a sound source signal separator for separating at least one of the plurality of first sound source signals, a low frequency signal generator for generating a low frequency signal, and a music sync unit for controlling the strength and frequency of a low frequency signal according to at least one of second sound source signals separated by the sound source signal separator.

Abstract: The systems and methods can automatically determine a patient-specific set of stimulation parameters using optimization for exploring and/or programming a neurostimulation device, e.g., deep brain stimulation (DBS). In one implementation, the method may include receiving patient data and set of stimulation parameters associated stimulation delivered to a patient by a neurostimulation device. The method may include determining one or more objective metrics using the patient data for each set of stimulation parameters. The one or more objective metrics may be a quantitative value that represents a rating or score of tremor severity and/or side effect severity. The method may further include generating a patient specific response model using the one or more objective metrics and the associated set of stimulation parameters. The method may also include applying an optimization algorithm to the generated response model to determine a candidate set of one or more stimulation parameters.

Abstract: One aspect of the present disclosure relates to a system for treating obstructive sleep apnea in a subject. The system can include a power source and a neuromuscular stimulator in electrical communications with the power source. The neuromuscular stimulator can include a controller and at least one electrode. The controller can be configured to receive certain power and stimulation parameters associated with a therapy signal from the power source. The at least one electrode can be configured to deliver the therapy signal to a target tissue associated with control of a posterior base of the tongue of the subject.

Abstract: A method including transcutaneously measuring motility patterns, in the colon of a recipient of an implantable neuromodulator, responsive to an electrical stimulus delivered by the implantable neuromodulator, and programming the implantable neuromodulator responsive to the measured motility patterns, wherein the method comprises adjusting at least one parameter of the implantable neuromodulator that defines the electrical stimulus that the implantable neuromodulator is configured to deliver to the recipient.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling blood pressure by controlling atrial pressure and atrial stretch are disclosed. In some embodiments, a stimulation circuit may be configured to deliver a stimulation pulse to at least one cardiac chamber of a heart of a patient, and at least one controller may be configured to execute delivery of one or more stimulation patterns of stimulation pulses to the at least one cardiac chamber, wherein at least one of the stimulation pulses stimulates the heart such that an atrial pressure resulting from atrial contraction of an atrium overlaps in time a passive pressure build-up of the atrium, such that an atrial pressure of the atrium resulting from the stimulation is a combination of the atrial pressure resulting from atrial contraction and the passive pressure build-up and is higher than an atrial pressure of the atrium would be without the stimulation, and such that the blood pressure of the patient is reduced.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present technology described herein relate to detecting atrial oversensing in a His intracardiac electrogram (His IEGM), characterizing atrial oversensing, determining when atrial oversensing is likely to occur, and or reducing the chance of atrial oversensing occurring. Some such embodiments characterize and/or avoid atrial oversensing within a His IEGM. Other embodiments of the present technology described herein relate to determining whether atrial capture occurs in response to His bundle pacing (HBP). Still other embodiments of the present technology described herein relate to determining whether AV node capture occurs in response to HBP.

Abstract: The instant application relates to inductive charging of devices subject to migration. Embodiments described herein provide charging to devices at variable depths and locations to accommodate both net displacement of an implantable device as well as angular rotation of the implantable device by selecting appropriate sets or subsets of available field generation coils.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an implantable medical device including a housing, a header, a connector port, and a collet assembly. The header can be arranged with the housing. The connector port can be arranged within the header and configured to couple an implantable lead to the header. The collet assembly can be arranged within the connector port and configured to frictionally engage a portion of the implantable lead and to secure the implantable lead with the header in response to insertion of the portion of the implantable lead into the connector port.

Abstract: A feedthrough for an AIMD is described. The feedthrough includes an electrically conductive ferrule having a ferrule sidewall defining a ferrule opening. The ferrule sidewall has a height. At least one recessed pocket has a depth extending part-way through the height of the ferrule. An oxide-resistant pocket-pad is nested in the recessed pocket. An electrical connection material is supported on the pocket-pad for making an oxide-resistant electrical connection to the ferrule. An insulator is hermetically sealed to the ferrule in the ferrule opening. At least one active via hole extends through the insulator with an active conductive pathway residing in and hermetically sealed to the insulator in the active via hole.

Abstract: A controller-transmitter transmits acoustic energy through the body to an implanted acoustic receiver-stimulator. The receiver-stimulator converts the acoustic energy into electrical energy and delivers the electrical energy to tissue using an electrode assembly. The receiver-stimulator limits the output voltage delivered to the tissue to a predetermined maximum output voltage. In the presence of interfering acoustic energy sources output voltages are thereby limited prior to being delivered to the tissue.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a method to alert a user of a wearable cardioverter defibrillator (WCD) is described. The method includes detecting a condition requiring attention of the patient and issuing an alert to notify the patient of the condition. The method also includes receiving a first input from the patient to replay the audible portion of the alert and replaying the audible portion of the alert when the first input is received.

Abstract: A patient-coupled resuscitation device for use with a plurality of medical devices is provided. The resuscitation device includes a portion configured to provide treatment, a connector configured to connect the resuscitation device to one of a first medical device and a second medical device, and a housing including a memory and associated circuitry. The memory and associated circuitry is configured to store a device identifier to identify the resuscitation device; receive medical treatment information from the first medical device, the medical treatment information including at least one of: patient physiological data, patient characteristic data, and rescuer performance data; receive timing information of the medical treatment information from the first medical device; record the medical treatment information and the timing information; and transfer, upon detecting a connection to the second medical device, the medical treatment information and the timing information to the second medical device.

Abstract: A wearable, multiphasic cardioverter defibrillator system and method are provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treatment of cancer is provided. The method can include systemic delivery of A3 selective adenosine receptor (A3AR) agonists CI-IB-MECA, cordycepin or similar drugs and providing simultaneous pulsed Electric Field (EF) stimulation to the treatment area. EF stimulation can be delivered in three orthogonal directions, which significantly increases expression of A3ARs on the cellular membranes and allows achieving a downstream apoptotic signal that is 4-6 fold stronger than the signal achieved with the agonist drugs alone.

Abstract: A wearable for providing light therapy to a wearer includes at least one fabric panel having an inner surface that when the wearable is worn is configured to face a wearer's skin and at least one side-emitting optical fiber affixed to the inner surface. The side-emitting optical fiber is optically connectable with an optical fiber light source and configured to project light having a therapeutic wavelength toward a wearer of the wearable. When affixed to the fabric panel, the side-emitting optical fiber can have a length in meters based on the optical power launched into the side-emitting optical fiber and the average attenuation of the side-emitting optical fiber.

Abstract: Illumination devices for impinging light on tissue, for example within a body cavity of a patient, to induce various biological effects are disclosed. Biological effects may include at least one of inactivating and/or inhibiting growth of one or more pathogens, upregulating a local immune response, increasing endogenous stores of nitric oxide, releasing nitric oxide from endogenous stores, and inducing an anti-inflammatory effect. Wavelengths of light are selected based on intended biological effects for one or more of targeted tissue types and targeted pathogens. Light treatments may provide multiple pathogenic biological effects, either with light of a single wavelength or with light having multiple wavelengths. Devices for light treatments are disclosed that provide light doses for inducing biological effects on various targeted pathogens and tissues with increased efficacy and reduced cytotoxicity.

Abstract: A system for treating a patient during radiation therapy includes range compensators. Each of the range compensators shapes a distribution of a dose delivered to the patient by a beam emitted from a nozzle of a radiation treatment system. A positioning component holds the range compensator in place relative to the patient such that the range compensator lies on a path of the beam.

Abstract: A structure includes a base comprising a first ramp and an opposing, second ramp. The structure further includes a shell frame having an inner surface configured to a shape of a body part and an outer convex surface, wherein the outer convex surface of the shell frame rides upon, and moves relative to, upper surfaces of the first ramp and the second ramp to enable a pitch of the shell frame to be adjusted relative to the base.

Abstract: Methods and systems are disclosed for radiating a moving object. The method may comprise acquiring a plurality of indicators of the phase of a physiological cycle of a patient and a plurality of images of the patient that include a target. Each image may be taken at a different phase of the physiological cycle and may be registered to the phase at which the image was taken. The method may also include identifying the target in each of the plurality of images, calculating a dose of radiation required to treat the target, calculating the number, orientation, and dwell time of one or more radiation beams required to deliver the calculated required dose of radiation to the target, and calculating a position of each of the one or more radiation beams required to achieve the calculated orientation. Each position may be a function of the phase of the physiological cycle to which each of the plurality of images is registered.

Abstract: A radiotherapy system includes X-ray imaging apparatuses that obtain an X-ray image of the patient on a reference plane, and a position determination apparatus. The position determination apparatus calculates parameters of a region estimation model, using, as input data, a reference fluoroscopic image obtained before radiotherapy, and also using, as teacher data, a reference ROI image obtained with respect to the reference fluoroscopic image before radiotherapy. During radiotherapy, the position determination apparatus estimates a region of interest with respect to the X-ray image and a DRR image, based on the parameters and the X-ray image, determines a degree of matching between the X-ray image and the DRR image for the region of interest while virtually changing a relative position/orientation relationship between a CT image and the reference plane, and determines an amount of deviation in position/orientation between the patient and the CT image.

Abstract: A radiation delivery system includes a radiation source to generate a radiation beam to deliver to a target and a multi-leaf collimator (MLC) operatively coupled to the radiation source, wherein the MLC is offset to shift the MLC in a direction relative to a line from the radiation source to a point of interest to cause projections of the radiation beam to be shifted based on the offset.

Abstract: A system and method of performing prospective and retrospective on-line adaptive radiotherapy. The method includes performing, during a treatment delivery session, delivery of a dose of radiation to an anatomical volume. The method includes detecting, during the treatment delivery session, a current state of the anatomical volume. The method includes predicting a future change in the current state of the anatomical volume during the treatment delivery session. The method includes adjusting, while the anatomical volume is in the current state, the treatment delivery to anticipate the future change in the anatomical volume.

Abstract: A high-energy radiation treatment system can comprise a laser-driven accelerator system, a patient monitoring system, and a control system. The laser-driven accelerator system, such as a laser-driven plasma accelerator or a laser-driven dielectric microstructure accelerator, can be constructed to irradiate a patient disposed on a patient support. The patient monitoring system can be configured to detect and track a location or movement of a treatment volume within the patient. The control system can be configured to control the laser-driven accelerator system responsively to the location or movement of the treatment volume. The system can also include a beam control system, which generates a magnetic field that can affect the radiation beam and/or secondary electrons produced by the irradiation beam. In some embodiments, the beam control system and the patient monitoring system can comprise a magnetic resonance imaging system.

Abstract: A method includes detecting a potential setup error in a radiation treatment delivery session of a radiation treatment delivery system, wherein the setup error corresponds to a change in a current position of a treatment target relative to a prior position of the treatment target, and wherein the change includes a rotation relative to the prior position of the treatment target. The method further includes modifying, by a processing device, one or more planned leaf positions of a multileaf collimator (MLC) of a linear accelerator (LINAC) of the radiation treatment delivery system to compensate for the potential setup error corresponding to the rotation of the prior position of the treatment target.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are radiotherapy methods and systems that can display a workflow-oriented graphical user interface(s). In an embodiment, a method comprises presenting, by a server, for display on a graphical user interface, an image of a position of a patient on a couch of a radiotherapy machine, whereby at least a gantry of the radiotherapy machine is configured to rotate around the patient; calculating, by the server, one or more predicted collisions between a part of the radiotherapy machine and at least one of (a) the patient or (b) another part of the radiotherapy machine; and when a portion of the patient is calculated to be in a collision with the part of the radiotherapy machine, revising, by the server, the graphical user interface such that the portion of the patient calculated to be in the collision is visually distinct in the image.

Abstract: A door breaching device includes a longitudinal chassis having a first extremity, a piston assembly with a piston rod adapted for linear displacement within a piston chamber, a hydraulic pump operatively connected to the piston assembly, and a two-part head assembly with a fixed jaw attached to the first extremity of the longitudinal chassis and a moveable jaw operatively connected to an end of the piston rod proximate to the first extremity. When the device is in a rest position, the piston rod is in a retracted position within the piston chamber to allow portions of the fixed jaw and the moveable jaw to fit between a first surface and a second surface. Upon actuation of the door breaching device, the piston rod is linearly displaced from the retracted position and the movable jaw applies a force to increase a distance between the first surface and the second surface.