Abstract: The present disclosure relates to semiconductor structures and, more particularly, to built-in temperature sensors and methods of manufacture. The structure includes: at least one active gate structure; and a built-in temperature sensor adjacent to and on a same device level as the at least one active gate structure, the built-in temperature sensor further includes force lines and sensing lines.

Abstract: A temperature of an electronic circuit device such as an integrated circuit is measured with high accuracy. The electronic circuit device (10) includes a main processor (20) and a temperature measurement module (30). The main processor (20) can execute predetermined signal processing. The temperature measurement module (30) generates a signal having a correspondence relationship with the temperature of the main processor (20) under a mode in which the temperature measurement module is driven at a predetermined low power consumption or less and the thermal resistance between the temperature measurement module and the main processor (20) is a predetermined thermal resistance value or less.

Abstract: An electronic device for estimating a temperature value of a thermistor includes a first signal port, an analog-to-digital converter, and a processing circuit. When the thermistor is coupled to the first signal port of the electronic device, the processing circuit is arranged to operate in a first switching condition to detect and generate a first voltage difference to the analog-to-digital converter, to operate in a second switching condition to detect and generate a second voltage difference to the analog-to-digital converter; and, the analog-to-digital converter is arranged to determine a resistance value of the thermistor based on the first voltage difference compared to the second voltage difference and to generate the estimated temperature value according to the determined resistance value.

Abstract: A multifunctional thermal exposure indicator can provide immediate reversible indications of overtemperature as well as irreversible indications of excessive thermal loading. Additionally, the multifunctional thermal exposure indicator can provide semi-reversible indications of undertemperature thermal loading, such as exposure to temperatures below the freezing point of water.

Abstract: A dual heat-freeze indicator and methods for making the same are disclosed. The dual heat-freeze exposure indicator includes a substrate, a low temperature indicator material provided in a first initial color state, a high temperature indicator material provided in a second initial color state, both supported by the substrate. The low temperature indicator material is configured to change from the first initial color state to a first exposed color state responsive to the indicator being exposed to a temperature below a low temperature threshold. The high temperature indicator material is configured to irreversibly change from the second initial color state to a second exposed color state responsive to the indicator being exposed to a temperature above a high temperature threshold. The low temperature indicator material returns from the exposed color state to the initial color state responsive to being exposed to a temperature above a reset temperature threshold.

Abstract: A wafer temperature sensor includes a first wafer, a second wafer, and a fiber bragg gratings (FBG)-type optical fiber, wherein the first wafer and the second wafer are bonded to each other, wherein at least one of a bonding surface of the first wafer and a bonding surface of the second wafer comprises a spiral groove, wherein the FBG-type optical fiber is in the spiral groove, and wherein the FBG-type optical fiber comprises a plurality of temperature measurement points in the spiral groove.

Abstract: A temperature measurement device according to an embodiment of the present invention may be provided in an energy storage device having a plurality of power device modules. The temperature measurement device may comprise a plurality of sensing spots for temperature sensing, wherein the plurality of sensing spots may include: optical fiber cables spaced a regular unit distance apart from each other; and a plurality cable fixing units disposed between the plurality of power device modules to fix the optical fiber cables. The optical fiber cables may comprise: a plurality of inner sections which are placed between the plurality of power device modules and fixed to the cable fixing units; and at least one outer section which connects the plurality of inner sections in series to each other and has a larger length than the unit distance.

Abstract: A system includes a sensor network comprising a network of optical sensors coupled to structural members of a structure loaded by vehicles or by an environmental event. A processor is operatively coupled to the sensor network. The processor is configured to receive the strain measurements from the network of optical sensors, calculate total strain energy using the received strain measurements, detect a heavy load on the structure in response to the total strain energy exceeding a total strain energy threshold developed for the structure, and determine whether the heavy load results from a superload vehicle or the environmental event. A transmitter is operatively coupled to the processor and configured to transmit one or both of an alert and a condition assessment report for the structure to a predetermined location in response to determining that the heavy load results from the superload vehicle or the environmental event.

Abstract: This load estimating device for a rolling bearing comprises: a vibration sensor for measuring vibrations of the rolling bearing during rotation; a rotational speed sensor for measuring the rotational speed of the rolling bearing during rotation; a deriving means for deriving a vibration value for a predetermined vibration frequency, using vibration information measured by the vibration sensor; and an estimating means for estimating a load acting on the rolling bearing, said load corresponding to the rotational speed measured by the rotational speed sensor and the vibration value derived by the deriving means, using a table defining a correspondence relationship between the load acting on the rolling bearing, the vibration value for the predetermined vibration frequency, and the rotational speed.

Abstract: An upper and lower limit detecting apparatus and method for a load suspending device of an electric chain block capable of easily and rapidly detecting reaching of the load suspending device to a lower limit without providing a lower limit reaching detection limit switch. In an electric chain block including electric motor, friction clutch, electromagnetic brake, speed reduction gear mechanism, load sheave, load chain, load suspending device, etc., the reaching of the load suspending device to the upper limit is detected by an upper-limit reaching detection limit switch, and the reaching of the load suspending device to the lower limit is detected by judging, with an electric power type overload limiter, that the power consumption of the electric motor has exceeded a predetermined value as a result of a stopper abutting against a chain guide and the friction clutch being dragged by rotational force of the electric motor.

Abstract: A method and a device for measuring the statistical distribution of a physical quantity by a sensor. At each observation of the physical quantity, the sensor provides, in the form of a binary vector, a quantised value of this quantity. Afterwards, this binary vector is projected onto a measurement space with a smaller dimension than the number of quantisation levels in order to provide a vector representative of the quantised value. The measurement vector of the histogram is updated on the fly by adding thereto the vector representative of the quantised value. Afterwards, this measurement vector may be used as an input variable of a neural network trained beforehand to predict a target variable dependent on the statistical distribution of the physical quantity.

Abstract: Method to check the correct functioning of a tightening tool, such as an industrial screwdriver, placed on a test bench. Said bench includes a plurality of hydraulic brakes (F1-Fn), to which the instrument is associated, suitably controlled by a hydraulic circuit. Each brake is equipped with measurement transducers (TR) capable of measuring the torque exerted and the angle of rotation on this brake, connected to an electronic driver card (SP), which also controls the hydraulic circuit. The bench also includes an electronic processing unit (U) which communicates with the card and which includes an adequate driving program memorized on it capable of regulating the braking capacity of the brakes through the hydraulic circuit according to a predetermined braking torque/angle of rotation curve of the brakes.

Abstract: A micromechanical component.

Abstract: Header construction and techniques are disclosed that utilize header layers that provide support for electrical interconnections. A sensor header assembly includes: an upper header layer having upper through holes arranged in a first configuration; a lower header layer having lower through holes arranged in a second configuration axially offset relative to the first configuration; depressions extending from the lower header layer top surface and partially through the lower header layer, each depression defining a footprint corresponding to the first configuration of the corresponding upper through holes of the upper header layer; upper header pins extending through the corresponding upper through holes and at least partially into the corresponding lower level depressions; and lower header pins extending through the corresponding lower through holes and in electrical communication with the corresponding upper header pins.

Abstract: Aspects of the subject technology relate to an apparatus having a housing including a port exposed to an environment. A pressure sensor is disposed within the housing to measure a pressure of the environment. A medium partially fills a sensor cavity or is coated over the pressure sensor, and a cap including multiple openings is disposed over the pressure sensor. The openings of the cap are arranged to be offset from the port.

Abstract: A method for producing a differential pressure sensor includes steps of: introducing a rotationally-symmetrical electronics module into a cavity of a mechanical module until a contact face of the electronics module hits a stop face of the mechanical module; welding and/or gluing at least the contact face to the stop face; axial welding in an opening region of the cavity, such that the mechanical module is welded to the electronics module all around by means of the weld; filling at least two pressure transmission lines with a pressure transmission liquid, wherein the at least two pressure transmission lines are provided for the transmission of the first pressure and the second pressure from the first separating membrane and the second separating membrane, respectively, to two opposing faces of the differential pressure sensor element; and placing the housing onto the housing adapter.

Abstract: A pressure sensor assembly (19) for remote testing of a pressure sensor (15) adapted to monitor the air pressure developed in an interior (21) of a container (1), the pressure sensor assembly (19) comprising: an enclosed chamber having (25): a first opening (31) arranged to communicate with the interior of the container (1); and a second opening (33) arranged to communicate with the pressure sensor (15) for monitoring air pressure developed in the interior (21) of the container (1); wherein the chamber (25) defines a channel for transmission of pressure between the first opening (31) and the second opening (33) and wherein a constriction (55) is formed in the channel, the pressure sensor assembly (19) further comprising: an air injection system (45) adapted to inject a test pulse (47) of air into the enclosed chamber (25), between the constriction (55) and the second opening (33), wherein the constriction (55) is configured to create a back pressure in the enclosed chamber (25) in response to the test pulse o

Abstract: The invention relates to a method of monitoring a mechanical seal arrangement (1) comprising the steps of: acquiring operational data of an individual mechanical seal arrangement (1) on a test bench (11), the acquired operational data being defined as the nominal data (17), incorporating the individual mechanical seal arrangement (1) into a sealing system (12), acquiring operational data from the individual mechanical seal arrangement (1) in the condition incorporated into the sealing system (12), the acquired operational data being defined as the actual data (18), and comparing the nominal data (17) with the actual data (18).

Abstract: Described herein is the location of an air leak in a network for supplying pressurized air that includes one or more components and at least one leak detection loop including one or more sensing elements. The location includes receiving information representative of detection of the leak by a sensing element of the detection loop, receiving a 3D model of at least part of the network for supplying pressurized air, interrogating a database associating a leak site of a component with each location on the detection loop, determining a precise location of the leak on the network for supplying pressurized air, mapping the precise location relative to a component, and instructing display of the 3D model corresponding to the component of the supply network and of the precise location.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an oil leakage detection method of a microphone circuit, a microphone circuit, a microphone and an electronic product. The oil leakage detection method of a microphone circuit includes: detecting an equivalent resistance and/or equivalent voltage in an environment where the microphone circuit is located through an oil leakage detection pin arranged on a microphone circuit package; determining whether the equivalent resistance and/or equivalent voltage exceeds a corresponding preset value through a detection circuit arranged in the microphone circuit package; and outputting a signal for stopping operation of the microphone circuit when the equivalent resistance and/or equivalent voltage exceeds the preset value. Adoption of the present invention can ensure that the detection circuit can normally work when an oil leakage accident occurs in the environment where the microphone circuit package is located, thereby reducing potential safety hazards of the electronic product.

Abstract: A leak detection and control system which encompasses a membrane leak sensor and a fluid control device adapted for installation on a fluid supply line, both capable of wireless data communication with a gateway acting as an interface between the leak sensor and fluid control unit and a cloud server or a remote user application.

Abstract: A method of aligning rail parameter measurements comprises receiving measurement data indicating variations in a parameter of the rail along the length of the rail derived from measurement runs performed at different points in time, each item of measurement data comprising a value for the parameter and an estimate of the location at which the parameter was measured. A signal is formed corresponding to each measurement run. Pairwise relative offsets are found between spatially overlapping segments in the signals corresponding to consecutive windows within the signals. For each signal and window the average relative offset to other signals is computed. Errors in the location estimates are determined based on the computed average relative offsets. The determined errors are used to refine the location estimates in the signal data.

Abstract: An automatic synchronous loading system for a space structure lattice includes a liquid storage tank filled with loading liquid, where the liquid storage tank is connected with a main liquid inlet pipe and a main liquid outlet pipe; a plurality of branch liquid tanks, where each branch liquid tank is connected to the liquid storage tank, and each branch liquid tank corresponds to at least one loading node; each branch liquid tank is connected with a liquid inlet pipe and a liquid outlet pipe, each liquid inlet pipe is communicated with the main liquid inlet pipe, and each liquid outlet pipe is communicated with the main liquid outlet pipe; and regulator valves, where each liquid inlet pipe and each liquid outlet pipe are connected with the regulator valves.

Abstract: A device for determining a condition of a composite component, including: an input interface for receiving measurement data with information on a condition of the composite component; an analysis unit for determining a condition of the composite component based on the measurement data; and an output interface for transmitting the determined condition; wherein the measurement data includes an electrical charge transfer and/or electrical voltage, which can be generated by the composite component through mechanical excitation of the composite component; and the analysis unit is designed and configured to determine the condition of the composite component on the basis of the electrical charge separation and/or electrical voltage. The present invention further relates to a corresponding system and method.

Abstract: A system (100) for determination of flight performance of the bioinspired flapping-wing aerial vehicle (101) in simulated space conditions discloses the aerial vehicle (101) installed in a thermo-vacuum chamber (103) that maintains vacuum and temperature for aerial vehicle (101) to simulate climatic conditions in space, where the aerial vehicle (101) is evaluated by the force transducer (104) and data acquisition system (105) acquires the data from force transducer (104). The flapping motion of the wing (101b) of the aerial vehicle (101) in space conditions increases the velocity of aerial vehicle (101), where dynamic wing twisting maintains the wing (101b) at a specific angle of attack to generate lift force and wing deformation occurs during which the passive pitch angle produces high lift forces, facilitating stable flight in simulated space conditions.

Abstract: To properly measure the bending amount of an optical waveguide routed in an electronic device or the like. An optical signal outputted with a second wavelength from the optical waveguide is received by a light receiving unit. In this case, the optical waveguide allows propagation only in a basic mode at a first wavelength and the second wavelength is a wavelength where the optical waveguide allows propagation at least in a primary mode in addition to a basic mode. The bending amount of the optical waveguide is obtained by a processing unit on the basis of the amount of a primary mode component included in the optical signal with the second wavelength. For example, the processing unit obtains the bending amount of the optical waveguide by using the ratio of the amount of the primary mode component included in the optical signal with the second wavelength and the amount of the basic mode component included in the optical signal with the second wavelength.

Abstract: An inspection method, for an optical fiber including a bare optical fiber and a light-transmitting coating layer that coats an outer peripheral surface of the bare optical fiber, includes: irradiating, with illumination light having directivity, an outer peripheral surface of a wound body that includes the optical fiber wound in multiple layers around a bobbin; receiving the illumination light reflected by the wound body and generating image data containing at least a part of an image of the illumination light; and determining, based on the image data, whether a stripe pattern is projected in the image. The stripe pattern is a state in which the illumination light repeatedly changes along a winding direction of the optical fiber.

Abstract: Various implementations of visual inspector attachments for fiber connector cleaners are disclosed. The example fiber optic inspection module includes a camera to capture an image of an end-face, a light source to illuminate the end-face, and a first mirror that reflects light from the light source to the end-face and includes a fixed point that allows the first mirror to pivot. Alternatively, an example fiber optic inspection module includes a camera to capture an image of an end-face, a light source to illuminate the end-face, and a first mirror that reflects light from the light source to the end-face and the first mirror moves in an upward direction.

Abstract: A device for monitoring a shaft coupling coupling a first shaft to a second shaft includes an optical unit having a receiving element to receive electromagnetic radiation. A modifying unit modifies a radiant energy impinging on the receiving element as the first shaft runs asynchronously with respect to the second shaft. The modifying unit includes a holographic optical component designed for arrangement on and/or within the first shaft, and a diaphragm designed for arrangement on and/or within the second shaft and including radially arranged slots and radially arranged filled regions in an at least substantially regular sequence. The diaphragm includes an at least substantially centrally arranged opening. The holographic optical component is designed for illumination or irradiation with the electromagnetic radiation and generates a pattern having radially arranged areas with a first radiant energy and radially arranged areas with a second radiant energy in an at least substantially regular sequence.

Abstract: A system is provided for calibrating ADAS sensors of a motor vehicle supported on a substantially level underlying floor. The system includes a target assembly having a base for engaging the floor. The base includes a linear alignment edge. The target assembly further includes an upright support attached to and extending vertically upwardly from the base, which support carries an ADAS target panel having a target surface secured to and facing forwardly of the base. The target surface has a horizontal axis substantially parallel to the linear alignment edge. An elongate alignment element engages and extends forwardly from the linear alignment edge. The system is positioned and oriented on the floor such that the target surface faces and opposes the ADAS sensors and the alignment element aligns with a longitudinal centerline of the motor vehicle and extends perpendicularly from the linear alignment edge of the base.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein for estimating tread depth remaining on a tire mounted on a vehicle. One or more sensors are provided for detecting operational data associated with the vehicle and tire measurements corresponding to ambient temperature and contained air temperature, which may be directly measured or derived from measured tire pressure. A thermal mass of the tire is estimated based on at least the detected operational data and tire conditions, and a current tread depth of the tire is estimated based at least in part on the respective estimated thermal mass. In certain embodiments, the thermal mass estimation may be performed using heat transfer models limited to measurements captured during a cooling down phase of the tire while the vehicle is not moving, thereby simplifying calculation of a corresponding time constant.

Abstract: A tire test stand includes a frame, a tire holder on which a tire can be mounted, a hexapod arrangement with six linear drive elements, and a rolling surface unit with a rolling surface. In a starting configuration, the linear drive elements are arranged so that at least one of the linear drive elements is arranged such that, when the at least one linear drive element exerts a force on the tire, the greatest force component of this force is oriented in the direction of a lateral force component. At least one linear drive element is arranged such that the greatest force component is oriented in the direction of a tangential force component. At least one linear drive element is arranged such that the greatest force component is oriented in the direction of a radial force component.

Abstract: A dynamic simulation test platform for ultra-high-speed evacuated tube magnetic levitation (maglev) transportation includes an evacuated tube having a transition section and a vacuum section, a vacuum maintaining system, a motor supporting platform, and a model train. One end of the evacuated tube is provided with a first isolation door, and the other end is closed. A second isolation door is provided inside the evacuated tube. The vacuum maintaining system is connected to the transition section and the vacuum section. The motor supporting platform is provided in the evacuated tube and extends outside the transition section. The motor supporting platform is provided with a stator winding and a permanent-magnet track. A mover and a cryogenic dewar are provided at a bottom of the model train. The cryogenic dewar is provided with a superconducting bulk. A test method using the test platform is further provided.

Abstract: A plurality of modules housed in a chassis is secured to the railroad tie to capture high resolution images of the underside of a train car as it passes over the plurality of cameras. These images are important to insure the structural integrity of the parts of the rail car as well as the connection means—a coupler and pin—between two rail cars. The cameras are configured to capture at a predetermined rate or to operate in sync with the velocity of the train as measured by the Linear Speed Sensor. As the images are taken, the images can be downloaded and sent to a remote location for further analysis.

Abstract: A method of generating, from a first thermal model describing the individual thermal behaviour of an electrical machine and a second thermal model describing the individual thermal behaviour of a device, a composite thermal model describing the thermal behaviour of a system having the electrical machine connected to the device, the method including: a) connecting at least one geometric entity of one of the first thermal model and the second thermal model to a plurality of geometric entities of the other one of the first thermal model and the second thermal model, each connection including at least one of a heat source and a thermal impedance, wherein the first thermal model and the second thermal model connected to each other form an initial composite thermal model, b) comparing measured temperatures with corresponding estimated temperatures obtained from the initial composite thermal model, and in case an estimated temperature deviates with more than a threshold value from a measured temperature, c) adjustin

Abstract: A fluid sensor cartridge that can be used to monitor composition of constituent materials or characteristics of a sample fluid or a patient's blood. The fluid sensor cartridge can be connected in-line with a medical device during a medical treatment. The fluid sensor cartridge can utilize one or more valves, one or more channels, and one or more reservoirs to enable sampling, sensing, and calibrating of a sample fluid or a patient's blood in one container with minimal amounts of sample/blood and calibration fluid.

Abstract: In order to make it possible to measure a brake dust amount and the like even when a main flow rate is fluctuated, a brake dust measurement device that measures brake dust generated from a brake includes: a main flow path through which a sample gas containing the brake dust flows; a sampling flow path that is connected to a sampling point set in the main flow path and collects a part of the sample gas; and a flow rate control mechanism that controls a sampling flow rate that is a flow rate in the sampling flow path such that the sampling flow rate coincides with a flow rate proportional to a main flow rate that is a flow rate in the main flow path.

Abstract: A fine-particle sampling device includes a first electrode having a shape of a tube and having first and second openings located at first and second ends of the tube, respectively, in an axial direction; a second electrode extending in the axial direction in the first electrode to be spaced apart from an inner surface of the first electrode; a third electrode extending in the axial direction in the first electrode to be spaced apart from the inner surface, the third electrode being thicker than the second electrode and being at a position that differs from the position of the second electrode in the axial direction; a supplier that supplies a liquid to the inside of the first electrode and causes the liquid to be stored at a portion of the inner surface in a direction around the axis of the first electrode; a voltage applicator that applies a first voltage to a gap between the first and second electrodes and a second voltage to a gap between the first and third electrodes; a driver that causes the first elect

Abstract: A battery pack assembly comprises a battery enclosure having a first side panel, a second side panel, a third side panel, a fourth side panel, a top panel, and a bottom panel defining a module containing volume. The battery pack assembly may contain a plurality of battery modules in the module containing volume, the plurality of battery modules having a first battery module, a second battery module, and a third battery module. The first battery module and the second battery module are positioned in a first orientation and stacked to form a column of battery modules and the third battery module is positioned in a second orientation and positioned adjacent to the column of battery modules.

Abstract: A substrate holder includes a base configured to receive a substrate; a cover configured to mateably engage with the base, the cover defining an opening formed by inner sidewalls; and a removable insert defining a surface, the removable insert being configured to be received within the opening of the cover. The removable insert includes a gasket; a projection coupled to the gasket; and at least two insert tabs extending from opposite sides of the removable insert, each insert tab being configured to engage with at least one of the inner sidewalls forming the opening of the cover.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a measuring method and device for trace and ultra-trace oil content. The measuring device of the present disclosure includes a cryogenic enriching device, an extracting device and an infrared spectrometer; The cryogenic enriching device includes a Dewar container and a U-shaped pipe; The extracting device includes an extractant container, an input pipe, an outlet pipe and an extraction liquid quantitative pipe; A mass flowmeter is further disposed on the U-shaped pipe, the oil content in the gas is calculated according to the measured total mass of the gas and the oil concentration of the extraction liquid measured by the infrared spectrometer. The present disclosure further provides a measuring method, which converts the measurement of oil content in gas into the measurement of oil concentration in liquid extractant through effective extraction by liquid nitrogen cold trap enrichment mode, and adopts infrared spectrophotometry to accurately measure.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for preparing a substrate comprising a sample reception area and a sensing area. The method comprises the steps of: 1) applying a sample on the sample reception area; 2) rotating the substrate around a predetermined axis; 3) during rotation, at least part of the liquid travels from the sample reception area to the sensing area due to capillary forces acting between the liquid and the substrate; and 4) removing the wave of particles and liquid formed at one end of the substrate. The sensing area is closer to the predetermined axis than the sample reception area. The sample comprises a liquid part and particles suspended therein.

Abstract: The present application provides a testing device. The testing device includes: a box, a pressing mechanism, a sliding mechanism, a transmission mechanism, and first clamping mechanisms. The pressing mechanism is located inside the box. A gap between the pressing mechanism and the first side of the box is used to place substrates to be tested. The pressing mechanism is slidably connected to the sliding mechanism. The transmission mechanism is connected to the pressing mechanism to drive the pressing mechanism to move. Each first clamping mechanism is used to hold one of the substrates to be tested.

Abstract: A device and computer-implemented method for determining an, in particular, micromechanical property of a material, in particular, for describing grain size dependencies, wherein a grain size-independent parameter is predefined (202), a grain size-dependent parameter being determined (204, 206) as a function of the grain size-independent parameter, and the property of the material being determined (208) as a function of the grain size-independent parameter and of the grain size-dependent parameter.

Abstract: A bending apparatus for a sample is disclosed. The bending apparatus includes a translation mechanism that translates a vertical displacement/force into a horizontal displacement/force for bending. Components of the bending apparatus are fabricated from a strong, radiolucent material. In these ways, the bending apparatus is compatible with micro-CT imaging, and as such, may be used to bend a sample during imaging. In a particular application, the bending apparatus may be used to measure biomechanical properties of a bone, such as bone strength, bone material properties, fracture toughness, and fracture propagation.

Abstract: A measuring apparatus and method are described for measuring the breaking force of frangible arrangement connecting a capsule with a closed annular shaped guarantee band, with an annular ridge axially holding the guarantee band, a pusher element that pushes the capsule for breaking the frangible arrangement, sensor for detecting the traction force exerted by the pusher element, a lifting and abutment device arranged to feed the capsule to the annular projection, and a disengagement portion for removing the guarantee band from the annular projection, after the breakage of the frangible media, leaving the closed annular shape of the guarantee band intact.

Abstract: A process that measures alcohol by volume (ABV) of a liquid under test. The method includes determining density of the liquid using a testing device; heating or cooling the liquid for a predetermined amount of amount of time using a known amount of energy or power, and obtaining temperature measurements of the liquid during the heating or cooling; comparing the temperature measurements and the determined density to a calibrated thermal model of the liquid; and determining ABV of the liquid using the comparison to the calibrated thermal model.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for determining mechanical properties, more particularly rheological properties, of a system, having an oscillatable contact element and having a further contact element, in which apparatus the two contact elements are arranged in such a manner relative to one another that they can be operatively connected to one another by means of the system, having a device for photothermally exciting the oscillatable contact element, and with a device for detecting vibrations in the excited oscillatable contact element, wherein both the excitation device and the detection device interact with the oscillatable contact element, wherein the oscillatable contact element and the system can be excited to oscillate with different frequencies and/or with one or more frequency sweeps.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring, viscosity or one or more rheological properties of fluids as a function of at least one signal, said apparatus comprising: at least a member with at least an Inertial Measurement Unit coupled to said member, said Inertial Measurement Unit configured to measure said at least one signal in relation to said member; and at least a motor coupled to said member in order to make said member into a vibrating member, upon actuation of said coupled motor, said member being configured to be dipped into a fluid whose viscosity or one or more rheological properties is to be measured.

Abstract: Provided is a density gradient liquid production apparatus for producing a density gradient liquid in a measurement cell for a centrifugal sedimentation type particle diameter distribution measurement device and comprises a first solution preparation unit that prepares a first solution with a predetermined target concentration and a first density by mixing a plurality of first reference solutions each of whose concentrations of an agglomeration inhibiting component that inhibits agglomeration of particles differs, and a second solution preparation unit that prepares a second solution with the predetermined target concentration and a second density that is different from the first density by mixing a plurality of second reference solutions each of whose concentrations of the agglomeration inhibiting component differs, and a mixed solution preparation unit that creates a mixed solution with the target concentration by mixing the first solution and the second solution and supplies the created mixed solution to t