Abstract: A hollow-core optical fiber may include a hollow core extending along a central longitudinal axis of the fiber; a substrate; a plurality of first cladding elements spaced apart from each other and positioned between the hollow core and the substrate, each of the first cladding elements extending in a direction parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the fiber, each of the first cladding elements including a first capillary; and a plurality of second cladding elements spaced apart from each other and positioned between the hollow core and the substrate, each of the second cladding elements extending in a direction parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the fiber, each of the second cladding elements including a second capillary. Each of the first cladding elements directly contacts the inner surface of the substrate, and none of the second cladding elements directly contacts the inner surface of the substrate.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to various embodiments of methods for making an optical fiber. The methods may include drawing an optical fiber from a hollow-core preform. The hollow-core preform may include an annular support structure with an inner surface defining an interior cavity. The interior cavity may include a tube in direct contact with the inner surface of the annular support structure. The tube may include a wall defining an internal opening, the internal opening having a sealed end. The drawing may include regulating a pressure of the internal cavity to a predetermined pressure.

Abstract: A hollow-core optical fiber may include a hollow-core extending along a central longitudinal axis of the hollow-core optical fiber; a substrate; a first cladding positioned between the central longitudinal axis and an inner surface of the substrate, the first cladding surrounding the central longitudinal axis of the hollow-core optical fiber and having a Bragg structure configured to provide a photonic bandgap operable to confine an optical signal with a wavelength ? propagating in the hollow-core of the hollow-core optical fiber; and a second cladding positioned between the central longitudinal axis of the hollow-core optical fiber and the inner surface of the substrate, the second cladding surrounding the central longitudinal axis of the hollow-core optical fiber and including a plurality of cladding elements configured to provide an anti-resonant effect at the wavelength ?, the anti-resonant effect operable to confine the optical signal at the wavelength ? in the hollow-core.

Abstract: An optical fiber includes a core made of silica glass, and a cladding surrounding the core and made of silica glass. A product of a center wavenumber k?4 and a half width at half maximum kH4 of a peak of Raman scattered light ?4(T0) obtained by irradiating the core with excitation light having a wavelength of 532 nm is 38000 cm?2 or less.

Abstract: A hollow-core optical fiber may include a hollow core extending along a central longitudinal axis of the fiber; a substrate, the substrate having a tubular shape and an inner surface surrounding the central longitudinal axis of the fiber; and a plurality of cladding elements positioned between the hollow core and the substrate, each of the cladding elements extending in a direction parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the fiber. Each of the cladding elements includes a primary capillary, the primary capillary directly contacting the inner surface of the substrate and having an inner surface defining a cavity, and a plurality of nested capillaries positioned within the cavity, each of the nested capillaries directly contacting the inner surface of the primary capillary.

Abstract: A hollow-core optical fiber may include a substrate having a tubular shape and an inner surface surrounding a central longitudinal axis of the hollow-core optical fiber; a hollow core extending through the substrate along the central longitudinal axis of the hollow-core optical fiber; and a plurality of cladding elements positioned between the central longitudinal axis of the hollow-core optical fiber and the substrate. Each of the plurality of cladding elements may extend in a direction parallel to the central longitudinal axis of the hollow-core optical fiber. Each of the plurality of cladding elements may include a wound glass sheet configured as a spiral, and each of the plurality of cladding elements may contact an interior surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A system includes a wafer-scale processing module that has an array of data processors. Optical input/output modules are provided near edges of the wafer-scale processing module. Each optical input/output module includes an array of photonic integrated circuits that convert optical signals received from optical links to electrical signals that are transmitted to the data processors, and convert electrical signals received from the data processors to optical signals that are output to the optical links.

Abstract: A system may perform an uptapering process to cause a signal fiber to have a fiber core with a first uptapered thickness profile and a fiber cladding with a second uptapered thickness profile. The system may perform, after performing the uptapering process, an uptapering removal process to cause the fiber cladding of the signal fiber to not have the second uptapered thickness profile. The system may perform, after performing the uptapering removal process, a bundling process to bundle the signal fiber and a set of one or more pump fibers in a bundle configuration. The system may perform, after performing the bundling process, a bundle unification process to cause the bundle configuration to form a unified bundle configuration. The system may perform, after performing the bundle unification process, an attachment process to cause an end of the unified bundle configuration to attach to an end of an output fiber.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing an optical fiber splicing component includes preparing a plurality of optical fibers each including a glass fiber including a core and a cladding covering the core, and a resin coating covering the glass fiber, an end portion of the glass fiber being exposed from the resin coating, mounting the plurality of glass fibers on an optical fiber holding member so that the plurality of glass fibers exposed from the resin coating are arranged in a first direction and protrude outward from the optical fiber holding member, adjusting and fixing postures of the plurality of glass fibers around respective central axes, and collectively bonding two or more glass fibers among the plurality of glass fibers and the optical fiber holding member with an adhesive.

Abstract: An optical device for an augmented reality or virtual reality display. A first input diffractive optical element is arranged on a waveguide to receive light from a projector, couple a first portion of the light into the waveguide along a first path, and allow a second portion of the light to pass through. A second input diffractive optical element is arranged to receive the second portion of the light and couple a third portion of the received light along a second path. An output diffractive optical element receives light along the first and second paths and couples the received light out of the waveguide towards a viewer at a first pattern of positions for light along the first path and at a second pattern of positions for light along the second path, providing a first and second plurality of exit pupils corresponding to the first and second pattern of positions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to A fiber exit Element (1, 2) having A plurality of glass fibers (1), each having at least one core (11), which is each designed to guide A signal light radiation (A), and to at least one optical Element (2), preferably an optical window (2), an optical lens (2), an optical beam splitter (2), an optical prism (2) or an optical lens array (2), which is respectively connected and designed to receive the signal light radiation (A) from the open ends of the cores (11) of the glass fibers (1) and to discharge them as exit radiations via at least one exit surface (26), wherein the open ends of the cores (10) of the glass fibers (1), preferably further the open ends of the cores (10), are arranged within the material of the optical Element (2), preferably in relation to an entry surface (21) of the optical Element (2), and wherein at least the material of the open ends of the cores (11) of the glass fibers (1) is fused to the material of the optical Element (2).

Abstract: An apparatus includes a polarization rotator or a polarization splitter. The polarization rotator and the polarization splitter each includes a first optical waveguide. The polarization rotator further includes a movable symmetry-breaking micro-electro-mechanical systems (“MEMS”) dielectric perturber separated from the first optical waveguide by a gap. The first optical waveguide and the MEMS dielectric perturber define a gap therebetween. The polarization rotator also includes a MEMS actuator moving the MEMS dielectric perturber so as to control the gap, thereby controlling polarization rotation within the first optical waveguide. The polarization splitter includes a second optical waveguide separated from the first optical waveguide by a gap. The polarization splitter also includes a MEMS actuator moving the first optical waveguide and/or the second optical waveguide so as to control the gap, thereby controlling polarization splitting between the optical waveguides.

Abstract: This patent document discloses, among others, wavelength-selective switches (WSS) for redirecting optical WDM signals or channels based on a combination of spatially separating light in different optical polarizations in an optical birefringent material and using diffractive optics for separating light at different optical WDM wavelengths into spatially separated optical beam to perform wavelength-selective optical switching in optical WDM applications. Notably, the optics for processing the optical WDM signals in the disclosed optical WSS devices is designed to provide scalable optical WSS devices where different WDM signals share optical components to reduce designed optical components for different WDM signals.

Abstract: A broadband ring resonator includes a first waveguide and a second waveguide. The first waveguide is a closed loop having a first coupling section having a first width and a first curvature radius. The second waveguide includes a first section, a second coupling section, and a second section which are connected in sequence. The second coupling section has a second width and a second curvature radius. Coupling ratios of the second waveguide coupled to the first waveguide within a broadband have a similarity to each other. A coupling angle is respectively between two ends of the first coupling section and between two ends of the second coupling section, and the first and second coupling sections are separated by a coupling gap. The second curvature radius is greater than the first curvature radius. A ratio of the first width with respect to the second width ranges from 1.3 to 1.7.

Abstract: A silicon photonic package and a method of fabricating the package are disclosed. The silicon photonic package includes an optical waveguide structure, a heat dissipation structure, a plastic encapsulation layer, first and second structures. The optical waveguide structure is a right trapezoidal structure, and a surface where a non-right angle leg thereof is a totally reflecting surface capable of totally reflecting an optical signal that enters the optical waveguide structure from a surface where a right angle leg is disposed in a direction parallel to bases to a plane where a front face of the plastic encapsulation layer is disposed. The heat dissipation structure and the optical waveguide structure are spaced apart from each other and both embedded in the plastic encapsulation layer. The optical waveguide structure of the present invention allows a great reduction in loss of an optical signal incurred by its propagation in the optical waveguide structure.

Abstract: An optical coupler configured to couple light along a propagation direction is disclosed. The optical coupler includes a lower area. The lower area includes a waveguide including a first end, a second end, and an inversely tapered portion. The optical coupler includes an intermediary area arranged over, in a vertical direction, the lower area. The intermediary area includes two or more intermediary elements. The optical coupler includes an upper area arranged over the intermediary area. The upper area includes one or more upper elements.

Abstract: An optical switch includes an array of optical fibers to conduct optical signals. A biconvex lens has a front convex surface facing the fibers' tips and has a back convex surface facing a microelectromechanical (MEMS) mirror. The MEMS mirror can be selectively oriented to reflect the optical signals incident to the MEMS mirror so the optical signal input from one fiber can be selectively routed to another of the fibers.

Abstract: A fiber optic adapter includes an outer housing, a receiving seat, and a blocking mechanism. The outer housing defines two connection slots. The receiving seat is connected detachably to the outer housing, and defines two through grooves respectively in spatial communication with the connection slots. The blocking mechanism includes a pivot shaft, a torsion spring sleeved on the pivot shaft, and two cover plates connected pivotally to the pivot shaft and respectively connected to two opposite ends of the torsion spring. When each cover plate is in a blocking position, the cover plate blocks a respective connection slot, and is inclined relative to a central axis of the respective connection slot with a free end thereof being more towards the rear than the pivot shaft, and with an angle that is defines between the cover plate and the central axis being not a right angle.

Abstract: Cross-compatible VSFF connection systems include optical connectors that are compatible with at least two types of adapters and adapters that are compatible with at least two types of optical connectors. Optical connectors have one or both of connector latch recesses and depressible latches, and likewise adapters have one or both of adapter latch arms and adapter latch recesses. Dual latch function connectors and adapters are capable of connection to a mating components that have only one type of latch structure, e.g., only recesses or only latches. Connection systems can be duplex or MT and may facilitate push-pull boot remote release and polarity change.

Abstract: A method of terminating an optical fiber having an inner core with a fiber optic connector including a ferrule having a micro-bore and an end face with a mating location is disclosed. The method includes determining a bore bearing angle of a bore offset of the micro-bore in the ferrule; determining a core bearing angle of a core offset of the inner core in the optical fiber; orienting the ferrule and the optical fiber relative to each other to minimize the distance between the inner core and the mating location; heating the ferrule to an processing temperature above room temperature; and coupling the optical fiber to the micro-bore of the ferrule. The size of the micro-bores and optical fibers may be selected to maximize the number of interference fits in a population of ferrules and optical fibers while minimizing failed fittings between the ferrules and optical fibers in the populations.

Abstract: Lens-based optical connector assemblies and methods of fabricating the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, a lens-based connector assembly includes a glass-based optical substrate includes at least one optical element within the optical substrate, and at least one alignment feature positioned at an edge of the glass-based optical substrate, wherein the at least one alignment feature is located within 0.4 ?m of a predetermined position with respect to the at least one optical element along an x-direction and a y-direction. The lens-based connector assembly further includes a connector element including a recess having an interior surface, The interior surface has at least one connector alignment feature. The glass-based optical substrate is disposed within the recess such that the at least one alignment feature of the glass-based optical substrate engages the at least one connector alignment feature.

Abstract: According to the present disclosure, an optical connector (20) is attached to an optical transmission line (10) including a base body (11) and an optical waveguide (12) stacked on the base body (11). The optical connector (20) has a first side surface (A1) facing an end of the optical transmission line (10) and a second side surface (A2) located on a side opposite to the side on which the first side surface (A1) is located in a light propagation direction and includes at least one first lens (225) formed in the first side surface (A1) so as to face an end surface of the optical waveguide (12) and multiple second lenses (226) formed at positions on the second side surface (A2), the positions facing the first lens (225) in the light propagation direction. The first lens (225) is smaller in number than the second lenses (226).

Abstract: Optical cable assemblies having filler optical fibers and methods of fabricating the same are disclosed. In one embodiment, an optical cable assembly includes an optical cable, a plurality of filler optical fibers, and a ferrule. The optical cable includes an outer jacket and a plurality of active optical fibers disposed within the outer jacket, wherein the plurality of active optical fibers extend beyond an end of the outer jacket. Each filler optical fiber includes a first end and second end. The first end is secured to an outer surface of the outer jacket by a securing member for improving mechanical performance of the assembly. The ferrule includes an array of openings. Ends of the plurality of active optical fibers are disposed within a first subset of openings of the array of openings and the second ends of the plurality of filler optical fibers are disposed within a second subset of openings of the array of openings and are suitable for transmitting optical signals.

Abstract: An adapter with novel alignment features engages alignment features on a plug, providing general alignment of the ferrule holders and ferrules in the plug. After the plug engages the adapter, the ferrule holders engage a second set of alignment features in the adapter to provide fine alignment for the ferrules.

Abstract: An optical connector holding two or more LC-type optical ferrules is provided. The optical connector includes an outer body, an inner front body accommodating the two or more LC-type optical ferrules, ferrule springs for urging the optical ferrules towards a mating receptacle, and a back body for supporting the ferrule springs. The outer body and the inner front body are configured such that four LC-type optical ferrules are accommodated in a small form-factor pluggable (SFP) transceiver footprint or eight LC-type optical ferrules are accommodated in a quad small form-factor pluggable (QSFP) transceiver footprint. A mating receptacle (transceiver or adapter) includes internal alignment slots configured to accept a corresponding alignment key on connector outer housing to ensure alignment and orientation for maximum signal transfer between opposing ferrule end faces.

Abstract: An optical fiber bundle connector includes a plurality of optical fibers, a plastic tube, a ferrule, an intermediate member, a frame member, and a pressing member. A portion of each of the plurality of optical fibers is inserted in the plastic tube. The ferrule extends in a first direction and holds tip portions of the plurality of optical fibers. The intermediate member has a cylindrical shape. The plurality of optical fibers are inserted in the intermediate member. The intermediate member connects the plastic tube and the ferrule. The frame member accommodates at least a portion of the ferrule, the intermediate member, and at least a portion of the plastic tube. The pressing member is disposed around the intermediate member and configured to press the ferrule toward a tip side of each of the plurality of optical fibers against the frame member.

Abstract: A method, includes: detecting one or more properties of a waveguide having a downhole end and an uphole end; and responsive to the detected one or more properties, positioning into a passage of a wellbore the waveguide to minimize tension thereof.

Abstract: A new fiber optic ferrule has an alignment structure on a surface through which light passes. The alignment structure is preferably in the shape of a dog bone, allowing the alignment structure to align the fiber optic ferrule in a receptacle while reducing the influence of temperature on the alignment.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided with a first connector module configured to mate with an external plug. The first connector module includes a first set of terminals; a first wafer supporting the first set of terminals, a first one or more of the second ends of the first set of terminals are bent to form a first set of tails, and a second one or more of the second ends of the first set of terminals terminate within the first wafer; and a tail alignment structure positioned to support the first set of tails. The electronic device further includes a cable arrangement forming a connection with the second one or more of the second ends of the first set of terminals; a host board configured to form an electrical connection with the first set of tails; and a shield assembly.

Abstract: A short-waveband active optical component based on a vertical emitting laser and a multi-mode optical fiber has an emitting end and a receiving end. In the emitting end, multiple VCSELs generate multiple optical signals of different wavelengths, and multiple photodiodes in the receiving end receive the optical signals emitted by the VCSELs. Both ends use a focusing lens array to collimate and focus the optical signals A Z-block-shaped prism performs a light combining function at the emitting end, while another Z-block-shaped prism performs a light splitting function at the receiving end. Both ends use a focusing lens for collimating and focusing the optical signals at ends of a multi-mode optical fiber, which is used for transmitting the optical signals generated by the VCSELs. The short-waveband active optical component has a small size and a high transmission rate.

Abstract: The technology generally relates to high bandwidth memory (HBM) and optical connectivity stacking. Disclosed systems and methods herein allow for 3D-stacking of HBM dies that are interconnected with an optical interface in a manner that allows for compact, high-performance computing. An optical chiplet can be configured to be placed onto a stack of HBM dies, with a cooling die that is positioned between the HBM dies and the optical chiplet. The optical chiplet may be configured to connect the HBM optics module package to one or more other components of the package via to one or more optical fibers.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a fiber optic system including at least one fiber optic cable assembly having a multimode optical fiber for communication of an optical data signal at an operating wavelength and a devices having a single-mode fiber stub with a mode field diameter within 20% of the mode field diameter of the fundamental mode of the multimode optical fiber at the operating wavelength. The single-mode fiber stub is secured to a ferrule, and a center of a core of the single-mode fiber stub is within 0.5 ?m of a center of the ferrule. An end of the single-mode fiber stub that extends to or beyond the back end of the ferrule and forms an optical connection with the multimode optical fiber where the center of the single-mode fiber stub is within 2 ?m of a center of the multimode optical fiber.

Abstract: An optical connector has a connector housing assembly for holding one or more ferrules, the connector housing assembly having a height align a vertical alignment axis and a width perpendicular to the height. The connector housing assembly includes an inner front body and an outer release component, the outer release component being movable in relation to the inner front body between a front position and a back position. The optical fiber connector is configured to mate with a receptacle having an upper receptacle hook such that the upper receptacle hook is received in the upper receptacle hook recess and latches with the upper hook retainer surface when the outer release component is in the front position and such that the upper ramp lifts the upper receptacle hook out of the upper receptacle hook recess when the outer release component moves to the back position.

Abstract: A telecommunications cable termination box is wall mountable. An interior holds fiber optic splices, fiber optic connectors and adapters, and blown fiber tubes. The interior of the box is sealed. The box has an outer housing and an inner tray. The outer housing includes a hinged cover, snaps for holding the cover to the base, and a seal between the cover and the base, and a tray flange of the tray. Cable slack is managed in the interior to avoid sharp bends of the cables. The cable input ports and output ports are sealed by grommets. Different grommets can be provided depending on the number of cables and the cable sizes. The inner tray can hold gas block seal devices that seal the ends of the blown fiber tubes.

Abstract: A cable enclosure assembly includes an enclosure, a cable spool and a length of fiber optic cable. The enclosure defines an interior region, a first opening and a second opening aligned with the first opening. The first and second openings provide access to the interior region. The cable spool is disposed in the interior region of the enclosure and is rotatably engaged with the enclosure. The cable spool includes a drum and a flange engaged to the drum. The flange has an outer peripheral side, a cable management portion and an adapter bulkhead portion. The adapter bulkhead portion extends outwardly from the cable management portion and forms a portion of the outer peripheral side. The length of the fiber optic cable is dispose about the drum of the cable spool.

Abstract: A patch panel may include a tray that is slidable between a retracted position and an extended position on tray supports and features for holding the tray in the retracted position and in the extended position. The patch panel may also include a cassette that is slidable on cassette supports, latches for engaging the cassette to block movement of the cassette and features for disengaging the latches.

Abstract: A optoelectronic assembly is provided including a photonic integrated circuit (PIC) including at least one electronic connection element and plurality of waveguides disposed on a PIC face, a printed circuit board (PCB) including at least one PCB electronic connection element, which is complementary to the at least one electronic connection element of the PIC and the PIC is configured to be flip chip mounted to the PCB, a lidless fiber array unit including a support substrate having a substantially flat first surface and a signal fiber array including a plurality of optical fibers supported on the first surface, and an alignment substrate disposed on the PIC face and configured to align the plurality of optical fibers of the signal fiber array with the plurality of waveguides.

Abstract: Handheld tools are provided for removing a wire from within an optical cable. For example, the handheld tool may be used to remove a copper wire from a fiber optic drop cable in an efficient manner without damaging other components of the fiber optic drop cable. Advantageously, the optical cable may be used immediately after the wire is removed without further steps by the technician, such as re-applying an outer protective sleeve, as is commonly required with known tools.

Abstract: An optical lens, comprising: a first part, comprising a first surface; and a second part, comprising a second surface, a third surface and at least one concave portion. The first surface and the second surface are not parallel with the third surface, the first part protrudes from the third surface, and the first surface and the second surface are connected with the third surface.

Abstract: An imaging lens system has an optical axis and includes a plastic lens barrel and an imaging lens assembly disposed in the plastic lens barrel. The plastic lens barrel surrounds the optical axis and includes an object-side surface, an image-side surface, an inner annular portion and an outer annular portion. The object-side and image-side surfaces are oppositely disposed and substantially perpendicular to the optical axis. The inner and outer annular portions are connected to the object-side and image-side surfaces. The inner annular portion has an inner parallel annular surface, and the outer annular portion has a first outer annular surface and a gate trace. The imaging lens assembly includes a plurality of imaging lens elements. One of the imaging lens elements has an outer diameter larger than ?2 millimeters. The one of the imaging lens elements has an outer edge in physical contact with the inner parallel annular surface.

Abstract: An augmented reality (AR) device including a variable focus lens of which a focal length may be changed by adjusting refractive power and adjusting the position of a focus adjustment region of the variable focus lens according to a direction of the user's view. The AR device may obtain an eye vector indicating a direction of the user's view using an eye tracker, adjust a refractive power of a first focus adjustment region of a first variable focus lens to change a focal length for displaying a virtual image, and complementarily adjust a refractive power of a second focus adjustment lens with respect to the adjusted refractive power of the first focus adjustment region.

Abstract: An optical lens assembly includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, a seventh lens and an eighth lens. The first lens has a convex surface toward an object side of the optical lens assembly and a concave surface toward an imaging side of the optical lens assembly. The first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, the sixth lens, the seventh lens and the eighth lens are sequentially arranged along an optical axis from the object side to the imaging side.

Abstract: An imaging lens system includes a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, a fourth lens, a fifth lens, a sixth lens, a seventh lens, and an eighth lens disposed in order from an object side, wherein the first lens has positive refractive power, wherein the fourth lens has a concave image-side surface, wherein the seventh lens has positive refractive power and has a convex object-side surface, and wherein the imaging lens system satisfies a conditional expression as follows: 0.12<G12/G45<0.52 where G12 is a distance from an image-side surface of the first lens to an object-side surface of the second lens, and G45 is a distance from an image-side surface of the fourth lens to an object-side surface of the fifth lens.

Abstract: An image capturing lens system includes a first lens having negative refractive power, a second lens having positive refractive power, a third lens having negative refractive power, a fourth lens having positive refractive power, a fifth lens having refractive power, a sixth lens having refractive power, a seventh lens having positive refractive power, and an eighth lens having refractive power. The first to eighth lenses are sequentially disposed from an object side. The first lens and the fourth lens are formed of a glass material. The second lens, the third lens, the fifth lens, the sixth lens, the seventh lens, and the eighth lens are formed of a plastic material.

Abstract: An optical lens assembly includes, in order from an object side to an image side: a first lens; a stop; a second lens; a third lens; and an infrared bandpass filter, wherein a maximum field of view of the optical lens assembly is FOV, an f-number of the optical lens assembly is Fno, a radius of curvature of an object-side surface of the third lens is R5, a distance from an object-side surface of the first lens to an image plane along an optical axis is TL, an entrance pupil diameter of the optical lens assembly is EPD, a distance from the image-side surface of the first lens to the object-side surface of the second lens along the optical axis is T12, and the following conditions are satisfied: 19.82<FOV*Fno/(R5*TL)<50.37, and 6.58<EPD*TL/T12<24.94.

Abstract: Single fold optical systems that include a power prism and a lens stack including two or more refractive lens elements. The single fold optical system may provide a long mechanical back focus without increasing the Z-height of the optical system. Providing power on the prism may reduce the optical total length and reduce the X-length of the optical system. The single folded optical systems may provide reduced Z-axis height and reduced X-axis length when compared to conventional double folded optical systems with similar optical characteristics. In addition, the optical systems may include an anamorphic lens that is oriented to correct for astigmatism caused by surface errors of the reflective surface of the prism.

Abstract: An optical device includes a substrate, a first electrode, a second electrode, and a first lens. The first electrode and the second electrode are over the substrate and configured to generate a first electric field. The first lens is between the first electrode and the second electrode and has a focal length that varies in response to the first electric field applied to the first lens.

Abstract: A digital adaptive optics encoder module includes an input mounting flange, a collimating lens, a bandpass filter, digital adaptive optic elements, refocusing lens, an output mounting flange, and a housing. The input mounting flange is capable of attaching to a telescope. The collimating lens is capable of expanding light from a target to fill a plurality of primary apertures. The bandpass filter has a bandwidth ranging from about 40 nm to about 100 nm. The digital adaptive optic elements include the plurality of primary apertures, an optical spreader, a focusing optic, and a detector. The refocusing lens is capable of refocusing an output from the digital adaptive optic elements onto a sensor plane. The output mounting flange is capable of attaching to an output connection. The housing encloses all of the interior components of the digital adaptive optics encoder module.

Abstract: Aspects of the invention disclose an external and an add-on anamorphic lens, which comprises a focus group and an anamorphic group disposed in sequence from an object side to an image side along the optical axis. The focus group comprises a first lens and a second lens. The first lens and the second lens are spherical lenses. The anamorphic group includes a third lens, a fourth lens, and a fifth lens. These lenses are cylindrical lenses. The position of the first lens is adjustable and therefore solve the problem of requiring secondary focusing of the prior art.

Abstract: Apparatuses provide an optical axis compensator configured to provide a smartphone camera with an offset optical axis dislocated from the camera image sensor. A smartphone whose camera has an offset optical axis can be mounted to a manually guided vision aid, such that, while the manually guided vision aid provides a viewing lens to adapt the smartphone camera for photography at non-native focal lengths, the image sensor of the smartphone camera need not be aligned with the viewing lens, providing greater degrees of freedom in mounting the smartphone to the manually guided vision aid, and greater ease in handling the manually guided vision aid with the smartphone mounted thereto, and in using the smartphone for photography while mounted to the manually guided vision aid.