Abstract: A compression anastomosis system comprises matching first and second compression ring devices (1, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90), each compression ring device configured for adjustment from an elongated delivery configuration suitable for passing through a minimally invasive surgical instrument to a deployed radially expanded configuration dimensioned to circumferentially abut an inner wall of a body lumen. The compression rings comprise coupling elements (20, 41, 56, 57) for coupling the rings together in a face-to-face compression anastomosis configuration, and each compression ring device has a radially outward facing surface (10) comprising tissue anchors (12, 58) configured to anchor the ring to the wall of the body lumen when the ring is deployed in the body lumen. A method of forming a compression anastomosis in a body lumen such as a colon is also described.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to improved ligature devices and related methods of ligating animal parts. More specifically, a ligature device capable of maintaining a ligature band in an elongated position, applying a preformed ligation band to an object to be ligated, manually releasing the ligation band from an elongated position, and securing a ligation band in a tensioned position is described. The ligation device may be used to apply ligation bands to various body parts of various animals.

Abstract: An embolic implantation system configured to deliver an embolic implant intravascularly to a treatment site includes an elongated delivery tube to which the embolic implant is detachably attached by a flexible loop extending through a retaining ring or opening on the embolic implant and an elongated detachment member or pull wire extending through the delivery tube and flexible loop. The pull wire has a bump near its distal end that inhibits the pull wire from moving further distally when the bump presses distally against the flexible loop and/or retaining ring. The flexible loop and retaining ring thereby serve as a distal obstruction obstructing distal movement of the bump and thereby distal movement of the pull wire into the implant.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to medical devices comprising detachable balloon-like implants and catheter assemblies, wherein the detachable balloon-like implants include polymer materials. Various means of attachment and detachment of the balloon-like implants to the catheter assemblies are described. Kits and uses of systems having one or more medical devices, detachable balloon-like implants, and elongated or expandable bodies are also disclosed.

Abstract: An implantable medical device such as but not limited to a left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) device includes an expandable frame that is movable between a collapsed configuration for delivery and an expanded configuration for deployment. The expandable frame may include a plurality of articulating members that are biased into the expanded configuration. The expandable frame may include a biasing member. The LAAC device includes a membrane or covering that spans across an end of the expandable frame.

Abstract: A device for permanent placement across an atrial appendage ostium in a patient includes a support structure having a contracted delivery configuration and an expanded deployed configuration defining a radially enlarged portion to permanently engage an interior wall of the atrial appendage, a membrane attached to the support structure and configured to extend across the ostium of the atrial appendage when the support structure is in the expanded deployed configuration, and a polymer coating disposed on at least one of the support structure and the membrane, the polymer coating including a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC) dispersed in a polymer.

Abstract: Instruments and surgical techniques may be used to correct a bone deformity, such as a bunion in which a metatarsal is misaligned with respect to a medial cuneiform. In some examples, a bone cutting guide is utilized to cut an end of the metatarsal and/or an end of the medial cuneiform to facilitate realignment of the bones. The cutting guide can have a pivotable cut guide surface along which a cutting instrument is translated to provide a precise bone cut. In some applications, after suitably preparing and aligning the bones, the bones are compressed together using a fixation pin. The fixation pin can be driven through one of the bones, into the second bone, and then further driven to compress the bones together.

Abstract: A cutting machining apparatus includes: a holding unit including a workpiece holder, a tool holder, and a unit body; a head positioned facing the holding unit and including a chuck holding a tool; an interior case of a box shape including, in a peripheral wall, a first opening through which the holding unit is inserted and a second opening through which the head is inserted and housing the workpiece holder, the tool holder, and the chuck disposed inside; a first cover occluding between the head and the outer periphery of the first opening of the interior case, a second cover occluding between the holding unit and the outer periphery of the second opening of the interior case, and a cooling source cooling the tool holder from within the unit body via a heat transfer member.

Abstract: Methods and devices for harvesting cancellous bone are disclosed. The bone-harvesting device may include a cannula and a bone receptacle in communication with the cannula, wherein the cannula including a cutting surface positioned at or adjacent the distal end, the cutting surface being oriented at an angle, the angle being greater than 90 degrees relative to the longitudinal axis of the cannula, and the harvested bone is adapted to move from a position adjacent to the cutting surface through the cannula into the bone receptacle. The cutting surface of the cannula may be positioned at or adjacent the distal end, and positioned at least in part radially outward of the outer face of the cannula. The cannula may include a cutting surface positioned at or adjacent the distal end and an occluding geometry that partially occludes the distal end of the cannula adjacent the cutting surface. In addition, a suction port may be provided in communication with the bone receptacle.

Abstract: System and methods for channeling a path into bone include a trocar having a proximal end, distal end and a central channel disposed along a central axis of the trocar. The trocar includes a distal opening at the distal end of the trocar. The system includes a curved cannula sized to be received in the central channel, the curved cannula comprising a curved distal end configured to be extended outward from the distal opening to generate a curved path extending away from the trocar. The curved cannula has a central passageway having a diameter configured to allow a treatment device to be delivered through the central passageway to a location beyond the curved path.

Abstract: A punching rig comprising: a base; an arm engageable with the base and movable relative to the base along a first axis, the arm comprising a chamber that extends along a chamber axis normal to the first axis; a punch slidably receivable within the chamber such that it extends along the chamber axis, which punch comprises a first end, a second end and a stop positioned between the first end and the second end; and a weight slidable along the punch between the first end and the stop.

Abstract: An arterial plaque treatment system includes a drilling member having a proximal end and a distal end, the distal end comprising a drilling mechanism; a locator member having a proximal end and a distal end, the locator member having a lumen sized and shaped to receive the drilling member therein and having a locating mechanism at the distal end, the locating mechanism being moveable between a first position and a second position; and an arterial plaque treatment tool, wherein the locator member is adapted to be advanced in an artery to a position in proximity to an arterial plaque buildup while the locating member is in the first position and then is adapted to position the drilling member at a desired position relative to the arterial plaque buildup when the locating mechanism is moved to the second position. In another version, an atherectomy device is inserted into the arterial plaque through the locator member. A method of treating arterial plaque is also provided.

Abstract: In some examples, a catheter includes an expandable member configured to expand radially outward from a collapsed configuration to an expanded configuration. The expandable member is configured to be expanded and contracted in a controlled manner, e.g., in response to user actuation or automatically under the control of control circuitry of a device. For example, in some examples, control circuitry of a device can be configured to control the expandable member to expand and contract according to a predetermined expansion frequency or according to an expansion frequency determined based on a cardiac cycle of a patient.

Abstract: The designs and methods disclosed herein are for a clot retrieval catheter with a large bore shaft and a distal braid-supported tip that is expandable to a diameter larger than the outer sheath through which it is delivered. The distal mouth of the tip can be beveled at an angle inclined from the longitudinal axis of the shaft. The braided tip can be braced with a reinforcing ring which can be welded or overmolded to the distal end of the braid and prevents the tip from collapsing under aspiration forces. The reinforcing ring can have relief features positioned to allow the oblique orientation of the ring to maintain a circular inner channel when the tip is compressed and delivered through a guide sheath and expanded at a target site. The distal tip can be expanded to a profile that is either symmetric or asymmetric with the catheter shaft.

Abstract: A self-expanding intravascular medical device including a multi-component assembly with a self-expanding outer cage component comprising a plurality of struts; and a single cell wave-shape component disposed within the self-expanding outer cage component forming a channel therein. The proximal end of the single cell wave-shape component is connected to the self-expanding outer cage component at a proximal joint.

Abstract: An expandable clot mobilizer device for extraction of an occlusion from a blood vessel is provided, which comprises a working portion including a plurality of crowns of cells. Each cell comprises an open area bordered by two proximal cell struts, two distal cell struts, and two middle cell struts. The proximal cell struts each extending distally from a common proximal end to a proximal end of a respective one of the two middle cell struts, the distal cell struts each extending proximally from a common distal end to a distal end of a respective one of the two middle cell struts, each middle cell strut in each crown bordering two adjacent cells in that crown and each middle cell strut being adapted and configured to be more flexible than the distal cell strut and the proximal cell strut to which it extends. The clot mobilizer also comprises a tapered portion.

Abstract: A self-expandable medical device for advancement through vasculature to an expansion site in a blood vessel is disclosed. The device comprises a working portion and a connection portion that can be connected to a pusher. The working portion provides an outward radial force at every diameter between and including the diameter of a compressed and an expanded configurations, and comprises a plurality of crowns of cells comprising an open area bordered by two proximal cell struts, two distal cell struts, and two middle cell struts. The proximal cell struts each extend distally from a common proximal end to a proximal end of a respective one of the two middle cell struts. The distal cell struts each extend proximally from a common distal end to a distal end of a respective one of the two middle cell struts. Each middle cell strut is more flexible than the distal cell strut and proximal cell strut to which it extends.

Abstract: A surgical constricting device includes an elongated body, a first grasping pad, and a second grasping pad. The elongated body includes a central core and an outer sheath surrounding the central core. The central core is made from a first material, and the outer sheath is made from a second material. The elongated body is configured to maintain its position when wrapped around itself. The first grasping pad is disposed at a first end of the elongated body and is configured to be engaged by a surgical instrument. The second grasping pad is disposed at a second end of the elongated body and is configured to be engaged by a surgical instrument.

Abstract: An implant removal device includes a body, a first arm, a second arm, an actuation interface, and an extraction member. The first arm is supported at the body and configured to move relative to the body between a retracted position and a skin gripping position. The second arm is supported at the body and configured to move relative to the body between the retracted position and the skin gripping position. The actuation interface is supported at the body. The actuation interface is configured to receive a first actuation input thereat to cause at least one of the first arm and the second arm to move from the skin gripping position to the retracted position. The extraction member is supported at the body and located between the first arm and the second arm.

Abstract: A cooling tower for evaporative cooling of water is contained within an ISO-compliant shipping container frame, permitting stacking of cooling towers for transport and for certain industrial applications. A volume of fill media is contained within the frame. Spaced apart troughs underlie the fill media, running substantially the length of the fill media and connecting to a basin. Baffles are connected to one upper edge of the troughs, while an air flow space is positioned over the other upper trough edge. A water distribution system, with variable flow nozzles positioned closely above the fill media, sprays water over the upper surface of the fill media, where it moves by gravity down into the troughs. Fans atop the fill media move air vertically upward through the fill media.

Abstract: A surgical shaver having: an outer tube with at least one outer tube opening at a distal end and an outer hub at a proximal end, the outer hub being configured for attachment to a handpiece; an inner tube rotatably positioned in the outer tube, the inner tube having at least one inner opening at a distal end, a cutting edge at the inner opening for cooperating with the outer tube opening to cut tissue and an inner hub at a proximal end, the inner hub being configured for attachment to a handpiece drive means; an RFID tag affixed to the outer tube or the outer hub, the RFID tag storing information about the shaver; an outer magnet coupled to the outer tube or the outer hub; and an inner magnet coupled to the inner tube or the inner hub.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a rotary shaver arrangement for a surgical instrument, the rotary shaver arrangement comprising an outer tubular member; and an inner tubular member rotatably mounted in a central passageway of the outer tubular member, the inner tubular member providing a central suction lumen. Wherein the inner tubular member further comprises one or more longitudinal grooves that run from the distal end to the proximal end of the rotary shaver arrangement to create a suction lumen passageway between the inner tubular member and the outer tubular member. This rotary shaver arrangement optimises the balance between shaver performance and RF thermal performance, by providing a defined minimum gap between the inner and outer tubular members in the form of longitudinal grooves, to provide an additional pathway for saline used to cool the RF suction lumen.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a tissue debridement device and describes an example treatment for ANP using the tissue debridement device. The tissue debridement device has a sheath, a distal tip, and a plurality of rotating tines coupled to the distal tip and the sheath. The distal tip can be adjusted to be closer or further from the sheath to change a diameter of the rotating tines, thereby changing a cutting diameter of the tissue debridement device.

Abstract: An adapter configured to receive a drive signal from a control console and to provide the drive signal to an ultrasonic surgical handpiece. The adapter includes a receptacle for receiving the ultrasonic surgical handpiece and providing the drive signal to the ultrasonic surgical handpiece. The adapter includes a module for detecting a presence of the ultrasonic surgical handpiece and a connector to be inserted into a receptacle of the control console to receive the drive signal from the control console. The adapter includes a radio-frequency identification device coupled to the connector and to a memory storing a maximum and minimum frequency for driving the ultrasonic surgical handpiece. The radio-frequency identification device transmits the maximum and minimum frequency from the memory to the control console via the connector using an RFID protocol in response to the module detecting the presence of the ultrasonic surgical handpiece.

Abstract: Devices and systems comprising a rotational drive shaft formed of wire filars or one or more coils for use in high-speed rotational medical procedures, e.g., atherectomy, are disclosed. Generally, a preferred embodiment of the drive shaft for transferring torque and activating rotation of a tool such as an abrasive element that is attached near a distal end of the drive shaft may be constructed with a heat shrinkable polymer layer covering at least a middle portion of the drive shaft, wherein a proximal-most portion of the drive shaft is not covered by the heat shrinkable polymer layer. In certain embodiments, the drive shaft may also comprise a distal portion that is not covered by the heat shrinkable layer, most preferably the distal end of the heat shrinkable layer in this embodiment is configured to remain within a delivery catheter or sheath during a medical procedure.

Abstract: In one embodiment, an aspiration thrombectomy system includes an aspiration catheter having a proximal end, a distal end, and a lumen to accommodate fluid, a first valve capable of removing fluids from the system to alter a level of pressure in the system in a first manner, a second valve capable of providing fluids into the system to alter the level of pressure in the system in a second manner, and a cutting instrument at the distal end of the aspiration catheter having a spiral body connected to a rounded element having a scooped-out portion for engaging a target occlusive material, the cutting instrument being capable of axial and rotational motion, and the system being capable of cutting and removing the occlusive material based on the motions of the cutting instrument and one or more of the first manner and the second manner of altering the level of pressure.

Abstract: Devices for removing implanted objects from body vessels are provided. A device includes a sheath assembly having a cutting tip. The cutting tip includes a cutting surface that is adapted to cut tissue coupled to an implanted object as the cutting tip rotates. The sheath assembly further includes an outer shield carried outside of the cutting tip. The outer shield includes a distal opening, and the outer shield is translatable relative to the cutting tip from a first position to a second position and vice versa. In the first position the cutting surface of the cutting tip is disposed within the outer shield, and in the second position the cutting tip extends through the distal opening and the cutting surface is at least partially disposed outside of the outer shield.

Abstract: Exemplary embodiments of apparatus and method for obtaining one or more portions of biological tissue (“micrografts”) to form grafts are provided. For example, a hollow tube can be inserted into tissue at a donor site, and a pin provided within the tube can facilitate controlled removal of the micrograft from the tube. Micrografts can be harvested and directly implanted into an overlying biocompatible matrix through coordinated motion of the tube and pin. A needle can be provided around the tube to facilitate a direct implantation of a micrograft into a remote recipient site or matrix. The exemplary apparatus can include a plurality of such tubes and pins for simultaneous harvesting and/or implanting of a plurality of micrografts. The harvested micrografts can have a small dimension, e.g., less than about 1 mm, which can promote healing of the donor site and/or viability of the harvested tissue.

Abstract: A device may include a flexible tube comprising: a distal end, a proximal tip, the proximal tip comprising a suction line extension being configured for placement in a uterine cavity of a uterus after childbirth, a tube center of the flexible tube; and at least one lumen around the tube center, the at least one lumen comprising a suction line, the suction line being in communication with a source of negative pressure and the suction line extension, the suction line extension being configured for applying the negative pressure to the uterine cavity using the source of the negative pressure thereby causing mechanical hemostasis of bleeding blood vessels of a uterine wall of the uterine cavity. Embodiments include an anchoring mechanism being proximate to the suction line extension along the flexible tube, the anchoring mechanism being configured for maintaining the suction line extension in a desired position within the uterine cavity.

Abstract: An external fixation system may include first and second fixation rings and a plurality of adjustable length struts. Each adjustable length strut may have two joints, a rod, a tube, and an actuator configured to drive the rod axially relative to the tube to change an effective length of the strut. The system may include a plurality of controller modules each configured to couple to a corresponding strut. The external fixation system may have a manual mode of operation in which the controller modules are not coupled to the struts, and manual actuation of the actuators changes the effective lengths of the struts in discrete length increments. The external fixation system may have an automated mode of operation in which the controller modules are coupled to the struts, and automated actuation of the actuators changes the effective lengths of the struts in infinitesimally small length increments.

Abstract: A modular tulip assembly is disclosed having a U-shaped tulip body configured to receive a collet bushing, the collet bushing having two stage ramped cut outs configured to a engage flexible wires positioned within the tulip body, the first stage holds the collet bushing in an unlocked state for attachment to a screwhead of a implanted shank, the second stage is a locked state to secure or capture the screwhead by squeezing the screwhead with flexible members of the bushing.

Abstract: Provided herein is a scaffold for growing bone, comprising a randomized porosity pattern typical of native trabecular bone. The present disclosure also provides a medical device comprising a scaffold disclosed herein.

Abstract: The present invention provides a spinal plate which is used to perform fixation surgery on a spine in orthopedic surgery and neurosurgery. According to the present invention, a rotation device and a locking device may be installed so as to be used by fixing any one or more of longitudinal ends of the plate with being rotated at any angle, thereby allowing a doctor to modify a shape of the spinal plate to the shape desired by the doctor, and to perform the surgery by coping with various spin shapes of patients. In addition, according to the present invention, since the shape of the spinal plate may be rotated at any angle, it is possible to cope with various spin shapes of the patients.

Abstract: A flexible tubular member for guiding insertion of instrumentation to a bone screw affixed within bone includes a tubular body that is flexible, constructed of textile material, and defines a longitudinal axis. The tubular body also defines a proximal end and a distal end opposite each other along the longitudinal axis. The tubular body further defines a guide channel that extends from a proximal opening at the proximal end to a distal opening at the distal end. An attachment member is located at the distal end of the tubular body and is configured to couple the distal end to a proximal portion of the bone screw.

Abstract: A targeting system is disclosed. In use, the targeting system is configured to target (e.g., aim, locate, etc.) a fastener opening in a bone plate, more particularly, a variable angled fastener opening formed in a periphery of a periprosthetic bone plate. In one embodiment, the targeting system includes an alignment guide including a plurality of combo-slots for targeting a plurality of openings formed in the periprosthetic bone plate. In addition, the targeting system includes a plug configured to be positioned within the combo-slots formed in the alignment guide. In use, positioning the plug into the combo-slot formed in the alignment guide transforms the combo-slot into a substantially circular hole or opening with a predefined trajectory aligned with one of the variable angled openings formed in the periphery of the periprosthetic bone plate thereby defining a trajectory from the alignment guide to the variable angled opening.

Abstract: An adjustable implant system configured to non-invasively guide bone growth in a patient. The adjustable implant system includes a tether having a first end coupled to a fixed bone anchor and a second end coupled to an adjustable bone anchor. The adjustable bone anchor includes a driver disposed within a housing and the driver is configured to actuate in response to an externally applied magnetic field. The adjustable implant system includes an external adjustment device configured to non-invasively actuate the driver disposed within the adjustable bone anchor. Non-invasive actuation of the driver can cause the adjustable bone anchor to increase or decrease the amount of tension on the tether.

Abstract: A bone screw comprises a shaft defining a longitudinal axis and a minor diameter. The shaft including a core having an angled surface relative to the axis. The angled surface extending from the minor diameter adjacent a proximal portion of the shaft to a distal portion of the shaft, and a wall disposed about the angled surface. The wall including at least one thread having an external thread form. In some embodiments, systems, spinal constructs, surgical instruments and methods are disclosed.

Abstract: Compression devices for joining tissue and methods for using and fabricating the same.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a medical device. The medical device can include a first end having a first aperture, a first biasing member, a second aperture, and a second biasing member. Each of the first aperture and the second aperture can receive a portion of a bone component. The medical device can include a second end having a tensioning member that can apply force to at least a portion of the bone component.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are surgical tool systems and methods of using such to install a fixator in a biological tissue. The systems are capable of accurately measuring torque and rotational velocity and providing real time feedback to a user during surgery.

Abstract: Cryoablation device terminating in a linear ablation element, optionally with a slight curvature along its length. Upon advancing the linear ablation element along a longitudinal axis out of a catheter sheath, an angle selecting connector on the proximal end of the linear ablation element bends to re-orient the linear ablation element to extend radially outward from the longitudinal axis. The linear ablation element is then pressed to a lumenal tissue surface by advancing it along the longitudinal axis, rotating it around the longitudinal axis, and/or bending and/or rotating the sheath itself to reorient the longitudinal axis itself. Control degrees of freedom allow optionally placing the linear ablation element in a more distal position than it emerged from.

Abstract: An ablation probe according to the invention comprises at least one electrode, which is held on a hose. The ablation probe is provided with a closure piece from which a wire extends over the entire length and through the hose. A fluid supply line is attached to the wire and has lateral openings for cooling the electrode, the wire being closed at the terminal end. An axial alignment of the openings relative to the electrodes can be achieved due to the fixation of the fluid supply line to the wire, and a misplacement can be avoided.

Abstract: A probe having a cutting electrode at its distal end, which is formed on an end piece of probe. From the end piece a wire extends over the entire length of probe therethrough. The wire can serve for current supply to the end piece. The cutting electrode can include a junction site from which electrode surfaces extend away in at least three directions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a conductive electrode for a monopolar handpiece used for an electrosurgical handpiece and particularly to a conductive electrode for an electrosurgical handpiece, which causes almost no tissue carbonization and does not generate smog.

Abstract: A surgical grasper configured to evacuate fluids from a surgical site includes a housing defining an interior cavity and an elongated shaft extending distally from the housing and defining a lumen in fluid communication with the interior cavity defined by the housing. The surgical grasper also includes a distal cap disposed at a distal end of the elongated shaft and an end effector including a first jaw member and a second jaw member. The first and second jaw members have a distal portion configured to grasp tissue and a proximal portion pivotably coupled to the distal cap.

Abstract: A method to treat a human patient including: advancing a catheter through a natural airway of the patient and positioning a distal portion of the catheter in the natural airway of a lung of the patient to a target region in the lung, injecting a conductive hypertonic saline solution having a concentration of at least 5% of sodium chloride by weight/volume from the distal portion of the catheter into the target region; delivering energy from the distal portion into the hypertonic saline solution in the target region, wherein the energy heats the hypertonic saline solution in the target region; ablating the target region with the heated conductive hypertonic saline solution, sensing electric impedance or electric conductivity of the target region during the delivery of the energy, and controlling the rate or a bolus of the hypertonic saline solution injected into the target region based on the electric impedance or the electric conductivity.

Abstract: An electrosurgical connection unit for a surgical robot arm to connect an electrosurgical instrument attached to the arm to an electrosurgical generator. The electrosurgical connection unit includes an input port connectable to the electrosurgical generator, the input port configured to receive a driving electrosurgical signal and output one or more activation signals; an output port connectable to the electrosurgical instrument, the output port configured to output the driving electrosurgical signal received on the input port; one or more activation switch units, wherein activation of an activation switch unit causes an activation signal to be output from the input port indicating a driving electrosurgical signal with a desired waveform is to be activated; and a control unit configured to selectively activate one of the one or more activation switch units in response to a control signal.

Abstract: A system includes an interface and a processor. The interface is configured to receive multiple electrophysiological (EP) signals from a tissue area along an ablation curve inside a cardiac chamber of a heart of a patient. The processor is configured to (i) generate local conduction vectors (LCVs) for the area based on the multiple EP signals, (ii) estimate a level of change between sets of LCVs along the ablation curve within the tissue area, and (iii) based on the level of change, identify a presence of a conduction gap in the ablation curve.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and catheters for endovascular treatment of a blood vessel are disclosed. In one aspect, a catheter for endovascular treatment of a blood vessel. The catheter comprises a housing. The catheter further comprises a treatment portion. The catheter further comprises a fistula forming element. And the catheter further comprises an intravascular ultrasound imaging device.

Abstract: Provided herein are systems, devices, and methods for performing a medical procedure on a patient. The system comprises an ablation catheter comprising a shaft, at least one therapeutic element positioned on the shaft, and one or more tissue-contact sensing components configured to provide a contact signal related to the level of contact between the at least one therapeutic element and tissue. The system further comprises: an energy delivery unit configured to deliver ablative energy to the at least one therapeutic element to create a lesion in target tissue, and to provide an energy delivery data; a force module configured to receive the contact signal and provide contact data; and a processing unit configured to determine an ablation index based on both the energy delivery data and the contact data. The ablation index can represent the status of the lesion being created.