Abstract: An online detection device and method for a piezoelectric device. The device comprises an elastic wave sensor, a sell-detection circuit, a working circuit, a switch circuit and a control chip. The switch circuit is connected with the elastic wave sensor, the self-detection circuit and the working circuit. The sell-detection circuit is connected with the control chip and is used for, When being connected to the elastic wave sensor, generating, a self-detection signal according to the capacitance of the elastic wave sensor. The working circuit is connected with the control chip and is used for, when being connected to the elastic wave sensor, forming a touch detection circuit and detecting an external touch by means of the elastic wave sensor so as to obtain a detection signal.

Abstract: A method and a system for noise discrimination, the method comprising measuring noise levels of a noise source, measuring noise levels at a target location positioned at a distance from the noise source, measuring wind speed and direction in an area comprising the noise source and the target location, filtering transient short-duration events from the noise levels measured at the noise source, yielding filtered noise levels of the noise source, filtering transient short-duration events from the noise levels measured at the target location, yielding filtered noise levels of the target location, measuring a sound transfer function between the noise source and the target location using the filtered noise levels, comparing the measured sound transfer function with a reference transfer function; and when the difference between the measured transfer function and the reference transfer function is above a predetermined threshold, determining a probability that noise at the location originates from the noise source.

Abstract: A phase sensitive optical time domain reflectometry based distributed acoustic sensing system eliminating a degradation in a sensing performance encountered due to a finite extinction ratio of optical elements used to generate optical pulses is provided. A classical Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) concept and a phase-OTDR concept are merged to generate an optic pulse for an interrogation with commercially available optic modulators. Characteristics of a light inside a fiber optic cable carry properties of both classical OTDR and phase-OTDR systems. The proposed solution does not require any modifications in a receiver part of the phase-OTDR systems and the proposed solution is used for any type of phase-OTDR system structure.

Abstract: An automotive headlight is disclosed including: an optical unit including a plurality of optical elements, each optical element having a different central direction; a segmented light-emitting diode (LED) chip including a plurality of LEDs that are separated by trenches formed on the segmented LED chip and arranged in a plurality of sections, each section being aligned with a different respective optical element, and each section including at least one first LED and at least one second LED; and a controller configured to: apply a forward bias to each of the first LEDs, apply a reverse bias to each of the second LEDs, and change a brightness of the first LEDs in any section based on a signal generated by the second LED in that section.

Abstract: Shortwave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging (HSI) systems comprise a supercontinuum laser source configured to illuminate objects and a receiver comprising a spectrometer configured to receive light reflected from the objects. In some cases, hyperspectral images can be created by raster scanning of the source/receiver across a scene. The supercontinuum laser source provides active illumination to allow collection of hyperspectral imagery during day (including overcast conditions) and night.

Abstract: A spectrometer device includes an optical interference filter which is designed to filter specific wavelength ranges of an incident light beam on passage through the optical interference filter. The spectrometer device also includes a detector device which is designed to detect the filtered light beam. Further, the spectrometer device includes a focusing device with a reflective surface. The focusing device is designed to focus the filtered light beam onto the detector device by reflection on the surface.

Abstract: An underwater device has a hyperspectral camera for capturing images of a seabed, a first housing part, a second housing part releasably connected to the first housing part in a watertight manner and enclosing with the first housing part a cavity in which the hyperspectral camera is arranged, and an electrical energy storage device for supplying electrical energy to the hyperspectral camera arranged in another cavity, wherein the other cavity is separated from the cavity by a wall section of the first and/or second housing part.

Abstract: The invention provides a curved-slit imaging spectrometer, wherein a fiber bundle transfers a straight line image of a front objective lens to a curved slit, and the front objective lens doesn't need to have a curved image plane to directly abut the spectrometer, so that the system is less complicated, and the front objective lens and spectrometer have a simple structure. The arc-shaped or approximately arc-shaped curved slit matches the optimum imaging circle of the Offner-type spectrometer, thereby achieving an extra-long slit. The arced slit is 5 to 10 times longer than the straight slit of the classical Offner-type spectrometer. In the case of a compact size, the length of the slit can be greater than 100 mm. Also, the same spectral response function applies in different fields of view while presenting desirable imaging quality.

Abstract: The system is configured to locate, track and/or analyze activities of living beings in an environment. The system does not require the input of personal biometric data. The sensor system detects infrared (IR) energy from a living being moving in an environment, determines a temperature of the living being based on IR energy data of the IR energy, projects the temperature onto a grid having sequential pixels, determines serial changes of the temperature in the sequential pixels and determines a trajectory of the living being based on the serial changes of the temperature in the sequential pixels.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are MEMS devices and systems and methods of manufacturing or operating the MEMS devices and systems. In some embodiments, the MEMS devices and systems are used in imaging applications.

Abstract: A thermal imaging apparatus comprising: a thermal detector device (100) comprising an array of thermal sensing pixels (102) and signal processing circuitry (104) coupled to the detector device (100). The circuitry (104) supports a background identifier (110) and a pixel classifier (112), the background identifier (110) comprising a common intensity identifier (114) and an expected background intensity calculator (116). The background identifier (110) receives pixel measurement data captured by the detector device (100) in respect of pixels of the array (102) and the common intensity identifier (114) identifies a largest number of substantially the same pixel intensity values from the pixel measurement data. The expected background intensity calculator (116) uses the largest number of substantially the same pixel intensity values to generate a model of expected background intensity levels.

Abstract: The present disclosed is directed to systems, methods, and devices for obtaining feedback information from individuals to reveal group preferences and to systems, methods, and devices for enabling providers to provide outcomes which utilize, at least in part, the preferences of the group. For example, a system comprising a plurality of devices, wherein at least one device of the plurality of devices captures at least one feedback in one substantially simple transaction; and the at least one device of the plurality of devices sends the at least one captured feedback to at least one computer; and the at least one computer receives the least one feedback; and the at least one feedback can be given at one or more of the following: periodic time intervals, predefined time intervals, random time intervals, substantially random time intervals and substantially any time.

Abstract: A protective tube, in particular for sealed introduction into a process space having a flow directed in a direction, having a hollow body, which is closed at its lower end, an opening at its upper end for introducing a temperature sensor; and at its upper end has a contour for sealing to a process space. The hollow body is cylindrical inwardly, an outer contour of the hollow body tapers toward the closed lower end, and at least in sections, at least one helix structure is arranged on the outer contour and/or at least in sections, at least one helix structure is arranged in the outer contour. A gas sample collector for introduction into a process space is also provided.

Abstract: A temperature sensor including a sapphire optical fiber and a nanoporous cladding layer covering at least a portion of the sapphire optical fiber.

Abstract: An example dehumidifier system may include one or more of a processor, an input display unit, a temperature and humidity censor configured to acquire current temperature and relative humidity data, an analog-to-digital transducer configured to convert, the acquired current temperature and relative humidity data from analog to digital output, a psychrometric converter module executed by the processor to convert the relative humidity data into ratio/absolute humidity data, a digital-to-analog transducer configured to convert the ratio/absolute humidity data into an analog format, a hysteresis comparator unit configured to compare hysteresis setpoint data received from the input display unit with data received from the temperature and humidity censor, and a ratio/absolute humidity setpoint comparator unit configured to compare a ratio/absolute humidity setpoint data received from the input display unit with the converted ratio/absolute humidity data.

Abstract: A device for measuring a temperature of a molten metal bath, comprising: an optical cored wire; a tube, wherein the optical cored wire is at least partly arranged in the tube, wherein the tube has an outer diameter in the range of 4 mm to 8 mm, and a wall-thickness in the range of 0.2 mm to 0.5 mm; and a plurality of separating elements comprising more than two separating elements arranged in the tube spaced apart from each other, and forming at least one compartment between two of the more than two separating elements. The invention also relates to a system and method for measuring a temperature of a molten metal bath.

Abstract: A high temperature dry block temperature calibrator relates to the technical field of temperature calibration. The high temperature dry block temperature calibrator includes a high temperature furnace, a control board module, a system board module, a measuring board module, a lower support, and a housing. The high temperature furnace and the control board module are mounted on the lower support. The system board module and the measuring board module are mounted on the front side surface of the housing. The housing is clipped to the periphery of the lower support and the high temperature furnace and the control board module are accommodated in the housing. The modules are independent of each other and can be removed separately, thereby facilitating maintenance and replacement. The high temperature dry block temperature calibrator can be used for calibrating the temperature of a high temperature element to be measured.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a stress sensor that includes a stress detection layer including a laminated body including a first ferromagnetic layer, a first non-magnetic layer, a second ferromagnetic layer, and an antiferromagnetic layer stacked one on another. The antiferromagnetic layer includes Mn, and the magnetization direction of the second ferromagnetic layer is fixed by the exchange bias caused by the exchange coupling with the antiferromagnetic layer. The stress sensor detects a stress by an electric resistance depending upon a relative angle between magnetization directions of the first ferromagnetic layer and the second ferromagnetic layer, the relative angle changing depending upon an externally applied stress.

Abstract: A method includes obtaining a set of pressure measurements at an electronic pump and storing the set of pressure measurements in a memory storage, where each measurement time of the set of pressure measurements is within a measurement duration. The method includes determining and sending a measure of central tendency to a second computing device via a first wireless signal. The method also includes determining a subset of pressure measurements based on the set of pressure measurements. The method includes transferring the first subset of pressure measurements to a data collection device via a second wireless signal, wherein an operating frequency of the second wireless signal is greater than one gigahertz and deleting the first subset of measurements from the memory storage.

Abstract: An electromagnetic ultrasonic double wave transducer, comprising a shell (1), and a permanent magnet assembly, a coil (4), a shielding layer (5), and a wire (6) which are provided in the shell (1). The permanent magnet assembly comprises a first permanent magnet (2) and a second permanent magnet (3) sleeved on the first permanent magnet (2). The magnetizing directions of the first permanent magnet (2) and the second permanent magnet (3) are perpendicular to the bottom of the shell (1), and the magnetic field directions of the first permanent magnet (2) and the second permanent magnet (3) are opposite. A non-conducting non-magnetic bushing material (9) is provided between the first permanent magnet (2) and the second permanent magnet (3), and upper end faces of the first permanent magnet (2) and the second permanent magnet (3) realize magnetic circuit closing by means of a magnetic circuit closing element (8).

Abstract: A method for predicting the explosion pressure of a medium- and large-size cell module, according to the present invention, comprises the steps of: (S100) deriving a profile (SOC-temperature profile) of the generation temperature according to a state of charge (SOC) of a medium- and large-size cell module to be predicted; (S200) mounting a small cell inside an explosion pressure measurement device; (S300) overcharging the small cell until an explosion occurs while heating the small cell in the same manner as the SOC-temperature profile derived in step (S100); (S400) measuring the pressure during the explosion of the small cell; and (S500) converting the pressure during the explosion of the measured small cell into pressure of a medium- and large-size cell module.

Abstract: Provided is a strain sensor. The strain sensor according to embodiments of the inventive concept includes a flexible substrate, rigid patterns on the flexible substrate, the rigid patterns including a first pattern and a second pattern spaced apart from the first pattern in a first direction, a first electrode on the first pattern, a second electrode on the second pattern, the second electrode being spaced apart from the first electrode, and a piezoresistive layer connecting the first electrode and the second electrode. Here, each of the rigid patterns may have a stiffness greater than that of the flexible substrate.

Abstract: Embodiments for balancing a pulser plate are provided. In one embodiment, a pulser plate includes a plurality of teeth, an indexing gap, and a mass modifier. The teeth of the plurality of teeth define a sensed behavior of the pulser plate. The indexing gap separates a first tooth and a second tooth of the plurality of the teeth. The indexing gap is symmetrical about a first axis on a face of the pulser plate. A second axis defines a proximate side of the pulser plate having the indexing gap and a distal side of the pulser plate. The first axis and the second axes are orthogonal to a pulser plate axis and intersect at a center. The mass modifier includes a first mass modifier on the proximate side of the pulser plate to balance the mass of the pulser plate about the center and does not change the sensed behavior.

Abstract: A comprehensive test platform for fluorescence microscope objective lenses, comprising a bottom plate (1), wherein a horizontal adjustment device and a vertical fixing mechanism are provided on the bottom plate (1); the horizontal adjustment device comprises a two-dimensional translation stage (2) and a two-dimensional tilting stage (3) stacked in sequence; a reticle (4) is provided on the two-dimensional tilting stage (3); the vertical fixing mechanism comprises a back plate (6), and the back plate (6) is fixedly connected onto the bottom plate (1); an optical detection device and a guide sliding device (7) in the vertical direction are separately fixedly provided on the back plate (6); and a sliding support (8) that can slide along the guide sliding device is provided on the guide sliding device (7), and a measuring objective lens (5) is fixed on the sliding support (8).

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an optical integrated device and an optical time domain reflectometer. The optical integrated device includes: a packaging outer shell, a first collimator, an optical splitting device, a circulator assembly and a second collimator. The optical splitting device is provided close to the first collimator, is used to reflect a part of the detecting light from the first pigtail and couple the part of the detecting light to the third pigtail, and allows the other part of the detecting light to pass through the optical splitting device. The circulator assembly is provided close to the optical splitting device, the circulator assembly is used to couple the detecting light passing through the optical splitting device to the second pigtail, and couple the detecting light returned from the second pigtail to the third pigtail.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for measuring backlash of a drive train of an equipment unit. The drive train may comprise an input member operatively connected with an actuator and an output member operatively connected with a work portion of the equipment unit. An example apparatus may include a sensor operable to facilitate operational measurements indicative of an operational parameter associated with the drive train, and a processing device operable to cause the actuator to move the input member until the output member moves, record the operational measurements while the actuator moves the input member, and determine a backlash of the drive train by determining a difference between the operational measurements when the input member starts to move and the operational measurements when the output member starts to move.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a drive belt is disclosed. A drive pulley driving by a drive motor and having a drive belt is provided. First and second markings are provided on the belt. The markings are detected. A correlation is determined and a signal is generated if a reference value is exceeded.

Abstract: A method for monitoring a rotating equipment through a condition monitoring device is performed in every predetermined time period after every predetermined time interval. The method comprises detecting presence of vibration in rotating equipment based on a signal associated with vibration in the rotating equipment. The signal is measured with one or more sensors of the plurality of sensors. Upon detecting presence of vibration, a predefined number of samples associated with the vibration is acquired at a first frequency. A Root Mean Square (RMS) value of vibration is calculated using predefined number of samples. The calculated RMS value of vibration is compared with a reference value for detecting an operating status, which is stored for every predetermined time interval. Thereafter, the method comprises processing the stored information to assess a condition of the rotating equipment.

Abstract: The disclosure is an engine simulation test device capable of realizing an ultrahigh compression temperature and pressure, belonging to the field of a diesel engine high-temperature and high-pressure system, solving the problems that the existing engine simulation test cannot achieve ultra-high compression temperature and pressure, and the temperature and pressure are not adjustable. It includes a compressed air inlet mechanism, a nitrogen gas inlet mechanism, a pressure stabilizing mechanism, a cyclic heating mechanism, an air inlet mechanism and a fast compressor mechanism.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed herein for estimating tread depth remaining on a tire mounted on a vehicle. One or more sensors are provided for detecting operational data associated with the vehicle and tire measurements corresponding to ambient temperature and contained air temperature, which may be directly measured or derived from measured tire pressure. A thermal mass of the tire is estimated based on at least the detected operational data and tire conditions, and a current tread depth of the tire is estimated based at least in part on the respective estimated thermal mass. In certain embodiments, the thermal mass estimation may be performed using heat transfer models limited to measurements captured during a cooling down phase of the tire while the vehicle is not moving, thereby simplifying calculation of a corresponding time constant.

Abstract: A tire state estimation system (10) is provided with a crack shape acquisition unit (240) for acquiring the shape of a crack on the outer surface of a tire, a crack information DB (230) for holding a correspondence relationship in which at least either degree of opening or deviation width of the crack based on the shape of the crack is associated with the depth of the crack, and a crack depth estimation unit (250) for estimating the depth of the crack based on the acquired crack shape and the correspondence relationship.

Abstract: A startup stage protection device used in Electric Multiple Unit (EMU) train coupler experiment is provided between two test cars. The startup stage protection device is arranged between and tightly abuts two test cars at the starting stage of the experiment to receive a compressing force in place of the coupler. The startup stage protection device separates from the two test cars after the end of the starting stage.

Abstract: A leak detection system for a membrane is disclosed. The system includes a non-permeable membrane; a plurality of printed sensors configured to obtain membrane measurements at a plurality of locations of the membrane; and a control circuit.

Abstract: Detecting a leak from a site in a sealed system with a source of pressurized gas which is capable of passing through the site, a composition of matter which adheres to the surfaces of the system and which is capable of showing the presence of the gas escaping from the site. The method includes: injecting gas into the system to a pressure in excess of the surrounding pressure, and covering the external surface with the composition to identify the location of the site by the interaction of the escaping gas with the composition. The composition is foam that includes a surfactant which forms a least one bubble in the presence of escaping gas and an indicator which changes color in the presence of the escaping gas. The leak is an opening down to at least the size of a hole 0.001? in diameter. A gas detector may also be used.

Abstract: A coaxial sensor array system configured for prediction of leaks in a water distribution network based on data acquired from coaxial sensor array including: at least one hydrophone; a hydrophone mount configured to house the at least one hydrophone; a pressure transducer configured to measure pressure of a water column within which the plurality of hydrophones is submerged; a pressure transducer mount implemented as a lead-free brass disc configured for fitment of the pressure transducer; an electrical connector configured to connect communication cables to the pressure transducer; a sensor housing configured to house the at least one hydrophone and the pressure transducer; and an end cap configured to seal a back end of the coaxial sensor array system and further configured to allow communications to pass through into a watertight shielded flexible conduit.

Abstract: Systems, methods and apparatuses for inspecting a tank containing a flammable fluid are provided. The system includes a vehicle having a propeller, a latch mechanism, a pressure switch, and an inspection device. The system includes a control unit in communication with the propeller, the latch mechanism, and the inspection device, and electrically connected to the pressure switch. The control unit powers on responsive to the pressure switch detecting an ambient pressure greater than a minimum threshold. The control unit receives, from the latch mechanism, an indication of a state of the latch mechanism. The control unit determines that the cable used to lower the vehicle into the tank containing the flammable fluid is detached from the vehicle. The control unit commands the propeller to move the vehicle through the flammable fluid. The control unit determines a quality metric of a portion of the tank.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a sample collection component, by which a removable light shielding component is disposed on a main body of the sample collection component to shield at least a portion of the light that passes through a storing space of the sample collection component.

Abstract: A system for optical interrogation of tissue samples, the system including: a microtome configured to section one or more tissue sections from a tissue block, the one or more tissue sections including one or more tissue samples; a transfer medium configured to gather the one or more tissue sections and to transfer the one or more tissue sections to one or more slides; and an optical interrogation system including an illumination system configured to illuminate the one or more tissue sections and an imaging system configured to perform an imaging analysis on the one or more tissue sections illuminated with the illumination system.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides for analysis systems that are configured to extract a fluid sample from a fluid (e.g., aqueous solution) in a reactor (e.g., bioreactor) at a first rate and then flow the fluid sample to a sensor system at a second rate to analyze the fluid sample. The sensor system can detect the presence and/or concentration of molecules (e.g., biomolecules such as biomarkers (e.g., metabolites, proteins, peptides, cytokines, growth factors, DNA, RNA, lipids) and cells of different types and cell properties, e.g., mechanical stiffness, etc.)). The data obtained can be used by a feedback control system to modify, as needed, the conditions in the reactor to enhance the productively of the reactor.

Abstract: A system for collecting particles having a suctioning device and a chamber for centrifugating and collecting particles. The centrifugation chamber having a guiding edge as well as an air inlet and an air outlet. The device having an assembly including an air suctioning conduit, a member including a guiding and receiving system, at least one guiding edge of the chamber, the member being mobile relative to the conduit between a first position, wherein the at least one guiding edge can be guided and received in the guiding and receiving system and a second position for collecting particles, where the air outlet of the chamber is applied on an end of the conduit.

Abstract: The disclosure generally relates to the preparation of representative samples from clinical samples, e.g., tumors (whole or in part), lymph nodes, metastases, cysts, polyps, or a combination or portion thereof, using mechanical and/or biochemical dissociation methods to homogenize intact samples or large portions thereof. The resulting homogenate provides the ability to obtain a correct representative sample despite spatial heterogeneity within the sample, increasing detection likelihood of low prevalence subclones, and is suitable for use in various diagnostic assays as well as the production of therapeutics, especially “personalized” anti-tumor vaccines or immune cell based therapies.

Abstract: A non-belt automatic mechanized sampling system for a truck configured to collect materials from a carriage of the truck. The system includes an integrated sample preparation component having, in descending arrangement, a discharging mechanism and a feeder, a crusher, a constant mass dividing machine and a sample retention barrel. The system also includes a constant mass dividing machine configured to divide the crushed material into samples and discards. The samples are conveyed to a sample retention barrel and discards to a discharging mechanism, which is configured to convey the discards to the carriage.

Abstract: A tissue sample that has been removed from a subject can be evaluated. A change in speed of the energy traveling through the sample is evaluated to monitor changes in the biological sample during processing. The monitoring can detect movement of fluid with the sample and cross-linking. A system for performing the method can include a transmitter that outputs the energy and a receiver configured to detect the transmitted energy.

Abstract: A device and method for isolating extracellular vesicles from biofluids is disclosed. A nanoporous silicon nitride membrane is provided with a tangential flow of biofluid. A pressure gradient through the nanoporous silicon nitride membrane facilitates capture of extracellular vesicles from the tangential flow vector of biofluid. Reversal of the pressure gradient results in the release of the extracellular vesicles for subsequent collection.

Abstract: The present disclosure discusses a method of separating a sample (e.g., pharmaceutical drug, genotoxic impurity, biomarker, and/or biological metabolite) including coating a metallic flow path of a chromatographic system; injecting the sample into the chromatographic system; flowing the sample through the chromatographic system; separating the sample; and analyzing the separated sample using mass spectroscopy. In some examples, the coating applied to the surfaces defining the flow path is non-binding with respect to the sample—and the separated sample. Consequently, the sample does not bind to the low-binding surface of the coating of the flow path. The applied coating can increase the chromatographic peak area for the sample of the chromatographic system.

Abstract: A device, in particular for a biological sample grinding apparatus, comprising a first enclosure comprising an internal chamber intended to receive a material capable of producing cold by sublimation under normal temperature and pressure conditions and comprising an opening making it possible for a fluidic communication with an internal chamber of a second enclosure through an opening of it. The device further comprising an air circuit making the outside air communicate with the internal chamber of the first enclosure, a blasting module making it possible for an air circulation in the air circuit from the outside up into the internal chamber of the first enclosure.

Abstract: There is provided a cool box for use in an automatic analyzer. The cool box has a box body and an air circulator. The box body has a receiving space capable of accommodating therein receptacles for analytes or reagents. The circulator has an intake portion, a fan, and an exhaust portion and operates to circulate air in the receiving space by rotation of the fan. The circulator further includes an inhibitor removing agent retaining portion on which a pouch is set. The pouch contains an analysis inhibitor removing agent for removing components (analysis inhibitor) which adversely affect or inhibit analysis of the analytes.

Abstract: Cryogenic device analysis systems are provided that can include: a cold source within a first vacuum chamber; a cryogenic device mount within a second vacuum chamber, wherein the first and second vacuum chambers are separated by a vacuum barrier; a first thermal conduit extending from the cold source through the vacuum barrier to the sample mount; a first thermal switch along the first thermal conduit and operatively aligned between the cold source and the vacuum barrier. Methods for performing analysis of a cryogenic device are also provided.

Abstract: A method for providing in situ chemical transformation and ionization of a portion (e.g., inorganic oxidizer) of a sample via an analyte detection system is disclosed herein. The method includes introducing a gas into an ionization some of the analyte detection system via an inlet. The method further includes generating ions within the ionization source and directing the gas and generated ions through and out of the ionization source and to the sample. The sample is located proximal to the ionization source in an ambient environment. The ions chemically react with the sample and desorb and ionize an analytic from the sample, the analyte being generated from the inorganic oxidizer, the desorbed analyte having a lower melting point and/or better desorption kinetics than the inorganic oxidizer. The method further includes receiving the desorbed analyte via an analyzer of the analyte detection system.

Abstract: Systems and methods taught herein advantageously provide extended dynamic range capabilities to detect low intensity and high intensity emitted or scattered light from particles at high speeds with high sensitivity. Independently controlled first and second optical detector elements that handle light intensities in different dynamic ranges, large overall dynamic range is created. Signals from the detector elements can be combined to create a single combined signal that has excellent sensitivity over a large dynamic range. The detector systems and methods taught herein are particularly advantageous in particle processing where the population of particles can emit or scatter light over a large range of intensity values.