Abstract: With respect to a rotational direction of a rotatable developing member of a developing device, an opposing position where a regulating portion of the developing device is opposed to an outer peripheral surface of the rotatable developing member is between a first maximum position and a position where a magnetic flux density of a regulating pole in a tangential direction relative to the outer peripheral surface of the rotatable developing member is zero. With respect to the rotational direction of the rotatable developing member, the position where the magnetic flux density of the regulating pole in the tangential direction relative to the outer peripheral surface of the rotatable developing member is zero is within a range of ±2° of a midpoint between the first maximum position and a second maximum position or is downstream of the range.

Abstract: A device to prevent fire of a fusing belt having a heater positioned inside includes at least one temperature control member adjacent to one side of the fusing belt and, when the at least one temperature control member detects abnormal heat from the fusing belt based on a temperature of the fusing belt, the at least one temperature control member to cut off a supply of electricity to the heater to prevent the fire. The device also includes a heat absorption member adjacent to the other side of the fusing belt and to absorb latent heat from the fusing belt to lower the temperature of the fusing belt to prevent the fire.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a fixing member that fixes, onto a recording material, a toner image that has been transferred onto the recording material, a recovery roller that recovers toner adhering onto the fixing member, a cleaning unit, and a controller. The cleaning unit includes a cleaning web that cleans the recovery roller, a first roller around which the cleaning web is wound in advance, a second roller that winds the cleaning web supplied from the first roller, and a third roller that presses the cleaning web against the recovery roller to clean the recovery roller. The controller stops a rotation of a rotor of a motor that drives the second roller, in a case where a value corresponding to a torque applied to the rotor exceeds a threshold while the rotor is rotating.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including: an image forming portion that forms a toner image on a recording material; a fixing portion that has a heater unit including a heater and that fixes the toner image on the recording material, the heater being capable of changing a heat generating region; a control portion that controls the heater; and an image adding portion that adds a predetermined additional image to a desired image, wherein the control portion sets the heat generating region according to a width of the desired image in a direction perpendicular to the conveying direction or a width of the recording material in the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction, and the width of the predetermined additional image in the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction is equal to or less than the width of the heat generating region in the direction perpendicular to the conveying direction.

Abstract: There is provided image forming apparatus including: casing; temperature sensor configured to detect temperature in the casing; image forming unit configured to form toner image on sheet; fuser which has heating member configured to heat the sheet, and which is configured to fix the toner image to the sheet; a fan; and a controller. The controller is configured to execute: changing of driving speed of the fan; and waiting control including: stopping supply, to the image forming unit, of next sheet, before the changing of the driving speed; completing the fixing of the toner image to the sheet, before the changing of the driving speed; and restarting supply of the next sheet to the image forming unit after the changing of the driving speed and after waiting time has elapsed since the completion of the fixing of the toner image to the sheet.

Abstract: A heating device includes a substrate, one or more heating elements arranged along the substrate, a heat conductor contacting the substrate, a plurality of thermometers each configured to measure a temperature of the heat conductor, and a plurality of thermostats each configured to measure a temperature of the heat conductor and interrupt electrical power supplied to the heating elements. The thermometers and the thermostats are alternately arranged in a longitudinal direction of the substrate.

Abstract: A heating device includes a rotator, a conductor, a heater, a first facing member, and a second facing member. The conductor is in contact with an inner surface of the rotator. The first facing member has a first facing surface facing a first surface of the conductor. The second facing member has a second facing surface facing a second surface opposite the first surface of the conductor. The first facing member and the second facing member regulate inclination of the conductor.

Abstract: A fixing device includes an endless belt, a rotatable pressing member, a pad member inside of the belt, and a sliding member held by the pad member and sliding on an inner circumferential surface of the belt in a nip. The rotatable pressing member nips and feeds a recording material in the nip in cooperation with the belt and fixes a toner image on the recording material by applying heat and pressure. The sliding member includes a base material layer on which a plurality of projections projecting toward the rotatable pressing member are formed on a side sliding with the belt and a sliding layer provided on an outer surface of the plurality of projections. A shape of a surface of the sliding layer is a curved surface and a radius of curvature R of the curved surface satisfies 300 ?m?R?850 ?m.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a rotatable image bearing member, a transfer member, a cleaning blade, a driving portion, and a controller. The controller is capable of executing, at a time of an end of a job, a plurality of operations including a first reverse rotating operation, a first normal rotating operation executed subsequently to the first reverse rotating operation, a second reverse rotating operation executed after the first normal rotating operation, and a second normal rotating operation executed subsequently to the second reverse rotating operation. The controller controls the driving portion so that a movement amount of the image bearing member in the second normal rotating operation is smaller than a movement amount of the image bearing member in the second reverse rotating operation.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes an image forming unit configured to form an image on a sheet, a heating device including a belt that contacts the sheet and a plurality of heating elements for heating the belt, a pressure roller configured to press the sheet against the belt, a voltage detection circuit configured to measure a voltage applied to the heating elements, and a controller configured to determine whether at least one of the heating elements is abnormal according to a voltage drop value that is based on voltages measured by the voltage detection unit before and after the plurality of heating elements is energized.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photoreceptor, a charger, an exposure device, a developing device, a transfer device, a power supply, a detection element, and a processor. The processor sets a transfer bias used in image forming processing based on the resistance value calculated using the value of the transfer bias supplied by the power supply, a measured value measured by the detection element, and the potential of the photoreceptor estimated from the charging potential at which the charger charges the photoreceptor if the measured value is measured, and determines the state of the photoreceptor based on a change in the surface potential of the photoreceptor if the charger changes the charging potential for charging the photoreceptor.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a developing member, a first detection processing portion, and an acquisition processing portion. The developing member conveys developer to a facing portion between the developing member and the image-carrying member. The first detection processing portion detects a first development current for each of a plurality of specific voltages with different DC voltage values applied to the developing member, the first development current flowing, in response to application of the specific voltages, through the facing portion including the developer and a specific exposed area, formed by the light emitting portion, on the image-carrying member. The acquisition processing portion acquires a potential value of the specific exposed area based on the DC voltage values of the specific voltages and current values of the first development current, detected by the first detection processing portion, corresponding to the respective specific voltages.

Abstract: A sheet feeding device includes a sheet accommodating portion mounted in a main assembly. With respect to a crossing direction perpendicularly crossing a pulling-out direction of the sheet accommodating portion from the main assembly as viewed in a direction of gravitation, the main assembly is provided with a positioning portion. A member-to-be-engaged is provided in one of the main assembly and the sheet accommodating portion. An engaging member is provided in the other of the main assembly and the sheet accommodating portion. The engaging member is elastically deformed when the sheet accommodating portion is pulled out in the pulling-out direction from a mounting position. The engaging member is provided swingably in the other one of the main assembly and the sheet accommodating portion so as to be capable of changing a position thereof with respect to the crossing direction.

Abstract: A sheet transport device includes: a chain that circulates and moves; a driving unit that circulates and moves the chain; a holding unit that is provided on the chain and holds an end portion of a sheet along a transport direction of the sheet; and a first positioning portion that positions the holding unit on both sides along a direction intersecting both the transport direction of the sheet and a width direction of the sheet while the chain moves along the driving unit.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member, a transfer portion, first and second correcting portions including first and second roller pairs and first and second detectors, respectively. The first and second correcting portions correct a sheet position in a widthwise direction. A controller, in a case the sheet is fed to the transfer portion via the first correcting portion from the second correcting portion, causes the first correcting portion to correct the sheet position to a first position to be aligned with the image transferred in the transfer position and causes the second correcting portion to correct the sheet position to a second position. When the sheet has been moved to a reference position by the second roller pair, the second position is a position offset from the reference position toward an opposite side to a direction where the sheet position detected by the first detector is shifted from the first position.

Abstract: A post-processing apparatus to perform a post-processing for a sheet conveyed from an image forming apparatus includes a punching unit, first and second motors, and a control unit. The punching unit includes a punch that is rotated by the first motor to punch the sheet, and a moving unit moved by the second motor to move the punch in a width direction intersecting with a sheet conveying direction. The control unit controls at least the first motor. In a first section from a first position in which the punch starts punching the sheet to a second position in which the punching ends, the control unit sets a current value for driving the first motor to a first current value. In a second section other than the first section, the control unit can set the first motor driving current value to a second current value lower than the first current value.

Abstract: A toner cartridge according to one example embodiment includes a housing having a reservoir for holding toner. A first latch-receiving shelf is positioned on a first longitudinal end of the housing and a second latch-receiving shelf is positioned on a second longitudinal end of the housing. Contact surfaces on top portions of the first and second latch-receiving shelves are positioned to contact corresponding first and second latches in an image forming device. The contact surface of the first latch-receiving shelf is positioned lower than a first rotational axis of a first drive coupler of the toner cartridge and higher than a second drive coupler of the toner cartridge. The contact surface of the second latch-receiving shelf is positioned lower than at least a portion of a first electrical contact of the toner cartridge and higher than at least a portion of a second electrical contact of the toner cartridge.

Abstract: A drive device includes a drive source, a drive train including a plurality of drive transmitters, and a positioning member. The drive train transmits a driving force of the drive source to a driven member. The plurality of drive transmitters include a first group of the drive transmitters and a second group of the drive transmitters. The drive source and the first group of the drive transmitters together serve as an integrated unit attached to one side of a facing member facing a side panel of an image forming apparatus. The integrated unit includes a positioning object. The second group of the drive transmitters is supported by a shaft disposed on another side of the facing member. The positioning member includes a positioning portion with which the positioning object is engaged on the one side or said another side of the facing member.

Abstract: A photosensitive member cartridge detachably mountable to a main assembly of an image forming apparatus for forming an image, includes a frame; a photosensitive drum on which and which is provided in the frame; a transfer member for transferring an image formed on the drum onto the sheet; a mounting portion for detachably mounting a developing cartridge including a developer carrying member onto the drum and a memory for storing information; a first electrical contact provided on the frame and electrically connectable with a main assembly electrical contact provided in the main assembly when the cartridge is mounted to the main assembly; and a second electrical contact provided on the frame for electrically connecting the memory and the first electrical contact portion with each other when the developing cartridge is mounted to the mounting portion.

Abstract: A developing cartridge includes a housing, a storage medium having an electrical contact surface, a holder holding the electrical contact surface and movable with respect to the housing between a first position and a second position, and a roller including a first roller protrusion. The first roller protrusion is movable between a third position and a fourth position in accordance with rotation of the roller. The holder is movable in accordance with movement of the first roller protrusion. As the first roller protrusion moves from the third position to the fourth position, the holder moves from the first position to the second position.

Abstract: A method of forming a flexible printed material is described. The method comprises applying a layer of primer onto a flexible substrate; electrostatically printing onto the layer of primer a liquid electrostatic ink composition; applying a curable overprint varnish composition onto the printed electrostatic ink composition and curing the overprint varnish composition using electron beam irradiation. The curable overprint varnish composition comprises an ethylenically unsaturated monomer, an ethylenically unsaturated oligomer, or mixtures thereof, and less than 10 wt. % of a cross-linking additive based on the total weight of the curable overprint varnish composition. A flexible package comprising the flexible printed material is also described.

Abstract: An electrostatic charge image developing carrier contains a magnetic particle and a resin coating layer coating the magnetic particle, in which the resin coating layer contains inorganic particles, a ratio B/A of a surface area B of the carrier to a plan view area A of the carrier that are obtained by three-dimensional analysis of a surface of the carrier is 1.020 or more and 1.100 or less, a volume average particle diameter of the magnetic particle is 25 ?m or more and 34 ?m or less, and a fluidity of the magnetic particle is 28 s/50 g or more and 36 s/50 g or less.

Abstract: Provided is a hologram transcription apparatus including: an exposure part; and a light source part for irradiating light to the exposure part. Here, the exposure part includes a transfer unit for transferring a hologram film, and the exposure part is rotatable to change an angle formed with the light.

Abstract: The method of manufacturing a timepiece shaft (1) includes grinding a ceramic piece, especially to form a balance shaft (1), having a functional portion (2a; 2b) including at least one part (221a; 221b) of a pivot-shank (22a; 22b) and/or at least one part (211a; 211b) of a pivot (21a; 21b), the first functional portion being made of ceramic and a first outer diameter (D1) of the first functional portion being less than 0.5 mm, or less than 0.4 mm, or less than 0.2 mm, or less than 0.1 mm.

Abstract: A system for fastening a horological movement of generally circular shape in a watch case, this fastening system including a casing ring wherein the horological movement is disposed, the casing ring extending between an upper portion and a lower portion, the horological movement being fastened in the lower portion of the casing ring using a first and a second fastening device disposed at two opposite ends of a diameter of the horological movement, at least a third fastening device, angularly offset relative to the first and second fastening device and fastened in the upper portion of the casing ring, allowing the horological movement to be blocked in the casing ring.

Abstract: Techniques for ripple-type control of networked physical systems such as power systems, water systems, and others are provided. As one example, a device includes at least one processor configured to determine, for a first controllable device in a system, based on a measurement of an output parameter and a minimum output parameter value, an output violation value for the first device. The processor is further configured to determine, based on a present input value for the first device, the output violation value, and an assistance requisition value corresponding to a second device, a target input value for the first device. The processor is further configured to cause the first controllable device to modify operation based on the target input value and a maximum input value for the first controllable device.

Abstract: According to an aspect of the present inventive concept, a simulation method for a semiconductor fabrication process includes obtaining, as input data, process parameters for controlling a semiconductor process of manufacturing semiconductor devices, or design parameters representing a structure of the semiconductor devices, or both the process parameters and the design parameters; generating predictive data for electrical characteristics of the semiconductor devices using a machine learning model based on the input data; generating reference data for the electrical characteristics of the semiconductor devices using a simulation tool based on the input data; and training the machine learning model using the predictive data and the reference data.

Abstract: A management apparatus monitors and/or controls a facility device. The management apparatus includes a setting unit, a storage unit, a determination unit, and an extraction unit. The setting unit sets association information associating identification information in order to specify a register used by the facility device with a data point regarding monitoring and/or control of the facility device. The storage unit stores history information that is association information previously set by the setting unit. The determination unit determines the use state of the register in the facility device. The extraction unit extracts the history information identical or similar to the use state of the register determined by the determination unit from the history information.

Abstract: A radar system may include: a transceiver configured to transmit a first radar signal into a field of view and to receive a second radar signal from the field of view; a processing unit configured to process the second radar signal, to generate a detection track, given by a signal amplitude distribution as a function of distance from the transceiver, and to detect presence of targets in the field of view from the generated detection track; and a marker located in the field of view, wherein the marker is arranged in a fixed position relative to the transceiver and wherein the marker is configured to receive the first radar signal and to transmit a diagnostic radar signal toward the transceiver as a function of the first radar signal. The processing unit may be further configured to store a predetermined diagnostic track, including at least a characteristic distance and signal amplitude.

Abstract: An automation system for monitoring a safety-critical process includes a platform configured to execute user programs that implement a safety function, a fail-safe peripheral module configured to couple the user programs with the safety-critical process, and a monitoring device configured to ensure fail-safe execution of the safety function on the platform. The monitoring device is couplable to the platform via a first communication interface and the fail-safe peripheral module is couplable to the platform via a second communication interface. The monitoring device runs a fail-safe service independently of the platform, via which the monitoring device interacts with the fail-safe peripheral module. The fail-safe peripheral module signals a safe state based on the implemented safety function and the fail-safe service.

Abstract: Over the past several decades, rapid advances in semiconductors, automation, and control systems have resulted in the adoption of programmable logic controllers (PLCs) in an immense variety of environments. A synchronization system coordinates storage, retrieval, and activation of engineering object models among local and remote nodes. The synchronization system facilitates local and remote design and development access to the PLCs, as well as continued correct operation of the PLCs.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to efficiently identify an abnormal device by analyzing and classifying characteristics such as periodicity and continuity of data related to each device. A programmable logic controller collects data held by a device as a collection target out of the plurality of devices in accordance with a predetermined collection setting for each scan cycle of the user program, classifies each of the devices into one of a plurality of types on the basis of a characteristic of the collected time-series data of each of the devices, and determines a detection algorithm used in identification of the device as an abnormal device in accordance with the time-series data of the device collected by the collection section and the type of the device classified by the classification section for each of the devices.

Abstract: A numerical control device includes—a screen processing unit that divides a waveform of a commanded oscillatory movement quantity specified by a vibration cutting command and a waveform of an actual position detected by detectors, into sections each corresponding to a unit time, and this screen processing unit displays, on a display unit, an n-th commanded oscillation waveform, which is an n-th waveform of the commanded oscillatory movement quantity; an (n+1)-th commanded oscillation waveform, which is an (n+1)-th waveform of the commanded oscillatory movement quantity; an n-th actual position waveform, which is an n-th waveform of the actual position; and an (n+1)-th actual position waveform, which is an (n+1)-th waveform of the actual position, being superimposed on one another along a time axis, where n is a natural number.

Abstract: A method for performing a design rule check of a computer aided design (CAD) file corresponding to a geometry of a tool for use in a process for making an article from a starting material. Design rules defined to avoid a geometry of the tool documented as causing an inefficiency in a non-printing or non-platemaking operation of the process are stored in a computer. A design rule checking (DRC) module of the computer processes the CAD file relative to the stored design rules, identifies violations, automatically suggests design changes responsive to each violation, receives a user input responsive to suggested design changes, and modifies the CAD file in response to the user input. Non-transitory computer readable media containing code for implementing the method and related CAD systems are also described.

Abstract: Disclosed are methods and systems for manufacturing a lighting product. The method can comprise transmitting 3D CAD model files containing 3D CAD models of standardized functional components to a computing device and receiving an assembly CAD model file and a plurality of part CAD model files containing 3D CAD models of the lighting product from the computing device. The method can also comprise verifying whether the 3D CAD models satisfy a plurality of design requirements and generating a set of optimized CAD model files based on the assembly CAD model file and the plurality of part CAD model files if the 3D CAD models do not meet the design requirements. The method can further comprise 3D printing parts of the lighting product based on machine-readable instructions converted from the set of optimized CAD model files and assembling the 3D-printed parts together with the standardized functional components.

Abstract: An additive manufacturing system may include an additive manufacturing apparatus on which a process of producing a three-dimensional object from a material can be performed; an additive manufacturing process controller operatively associated with the additive manufacturing apparatus; and a first memory device operatively associated with the additive manufacturing process controller. The first memory device may include first and second stable release process programs each comprising a first subset of operations executable by said process controller. The system may include a second memory device comprising another stable release process program comprising a second subset of operations executable by said process controller. The system may include a selector configured to choose one of the stable release process programs to run on said process controller when producing a three-dimensional object on the additive manufacturing apparatus.

Abstract: Example implementations described herein involve systems and methods that can involve extracting features from each of a plurality of time-series sensor data, the plurality of time-series sensor data associated with execution of one or more operations; clustering the extracted features into a plurality of tasks that occur from execution of the one or more operations, each of the plurality of tasks associated with a clustering identifier (ID) from the clustering; and calculating a cycle time of the cycle based on the initiation and end of the cycle recognized by referencing a cycle pattern model, wherein the cycle pattern model comprises configuration information of a cycle including a set from a plurality of the clustering IDs.

Abstract: A method for selecting an AI solution for an automated robotic process including receiving at least one functional media including information indicative of brain activity by a human engaged in a task of interest, analyzing the functional media, identifying an activity level in at least one brain region, identifying a brain region parameter and an activity parameter; identifying an action parameter based in part on the brain region parameter or the activity parameter; and selecting a component of the AI solution in part on the brain region parameter, the activity parameter, or the action parameter.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for determining a gas pipeline network opening scheme based on smart gas, which is performed by a smart gas management platform. The smart gas management platform comprises a smart user service management sub-platform, a smart operation management sub-platform and a smart gas data center. The method comprises: obtaining, by the smart gas data center, a region feature of each region within a target range through a smart gas sensing network platform; determining, by the smart operation management sub-platform, a gas demand degree of the each region based on the region feature of the each region; determining, by the smart operation management sub-platform, a region as a first-class region based on the gas demand degree in the region meeting a preset condition, and determining the gas pipeline network opening scheme for the region.

Abstract: Described herein are systems and methods for improving defect detection in an automated production process. The system comprises a memory that stores executable components and a processor, operatively coupled to the memory, that executes the executable components. The executable components comprise an automation defect component and a machine learning component. The automation defect component retrieves parametric data associated with the production process. The automation defect component provides the parametric data to a machine learning algorithm. The machine learning component generates common attributes between the defective items. The machine learning component identifies a set of common attributes shared between the defective items and a non-defective item. The machine learning component modifies the set of the common attributes shared between the defective items and the non-defective item. The machine learning component generates defect indicators based on the common attributes.

Abstract: A workpiece data processing method and apparatus are for accurately determining a relationship between production equipment processing parameters/ambient condition data and workpiece quality inspection results.

Abstract: The disclosure provides a method and system of improvement in the real-time operation of a terminal station in an industrial facility using a machine learning-based self-adaptive system comprising obtaining real-time operations data and historical data stored in a local database or at a cloud-storage. The data relates to input parameters of the terminal station. The method includes inputting the input parameter to a machine learning configurable module of the machine learning-based self-adaptive system and analyzing the input parameter using dynamic machine learning models and algorithms to identify patterns to each of the input parameters. The method further includes evaluating the identified pattern against the real-time operations data obtained from the terminal station and predicting at least one output parameter based on the input parameter and the identified pattern against the real-time operations. Based on the prediction, adjusting the output parameter of the real-time operations data.

Abstract: A manufacturing monitoring assistance device includes: a model creation unit creating a computation model when a product as a sample is normal, based on a three-dimensional form acquired from the product; a simulation unit creating a corrective computation model when the product is abnormal, by adding a sample of an abnormal portion in the product to the created computation model, and performing a simulation on each of the computation model and the corrective computation model; and a monitoring method determination unit determining a method for monitoring a manufacturing process for the product, based on an abnormality index being a difference between an output from a sensor as a result of the simulation performed on the computation model and an output from a sensor as a result of the simulation performed on the corrective computation model, and causing an output device to display the determined method and the abnormality index.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a task processing method and device based on defect detection, a computer readable storage medium, and a task processing apparatus. The method includes receiving a detection task; determining a task type of the detection task; storing the detection task in a task queue if the task type is a target task type; and executing the detection task in a preset order and generating a feedback signal when a processor is idle. The detection task of the target task type includes an inference task and a training task. Executing the training task includes modifying configuration information according to a preset rule based on product information in the detection task; acquiring training data and an initial model according to the product information; and using the training data to train the initial model according to the configuration information to obtain a target model and store it in memory.

Abstract: A device for outputting a future state of a central lubrication system includes at least one sensor for recording a parameter of the central lubrication system, a processing unit for processing the recorded parameter, determining a current state of the central lubrication system based on the processed parameter, and estimating a future state of the central lubrication system over a certain period of time based on the current state and stored data, and an output unit for outputting the future state of the central lubrication system.

Abstract: A method for operating a water treatment plant, wherein the plant is equipped with an apparatus for injecting a gas containing oxygen into an effluent, the method comprising a phase of detecting anomalies in the operation of the apparatus, wherein the phase of detecting anomalies comprises an implementation of the following steps: providing data representative of the operating state of the apparatus; and providing a system for acquiring and processing said data.

Abstract: The problem of the present invention is to establish how to more accurately estimate the failure probabilities of the components of a machine system that has a small number of failure records.

Abstract: A production efficiency improvement support system calculates an operational availability and a cycle time, based on results of detection of an operating status of production equipment, and displays a chart. An axis of the cycle time is set to be shorter rightward. The results of detection are displayed in such a mode that variations are recognizable, like points pp1 and points pp2. The points pp1 and the points pp2 have different countermeasures applied for improvement of the production efficiency and are accordingly displayed in different display modes. A point p1 and a point p2 indicating values of an actual cycle time and an actual operational availability are also displayed as representative values of the results of detection. Displaying these indexes in the form of a chart facilitates visual recognition of how to improve the operational availability and the cycle time and effectively supports improvement of the production efficiency.

Abstract: A vehicle control device comprises a drive device configured to enable application of a driving force to a vehicle in an actuation state. The vehicle control device executes remote operation control of controlling the drive device in accordance with a wireless signal transmitted from a portable terminal present outside the vehicle, to thereby cause the vehicle to move to a predetermined target stop position. The vehicle control device maintains the drive device in the actuation state after an arrival time being a time at which the vehicle arrives at the target stop position, and invalidates the operation on the accelerator even when the accelerator is operated in a period from the arrival time to a cancellation condition satisfaction time at which a cancellation condition by which a fact that a user holding legitimate qualification has gotten in the vehicle can be confirmed is satisfied.

Abstract: The disclosure includes embodiments for spinning out members of a first vehicular micro cloud to form a second vehicular micro cloud. According to some embodiments, a method includes forming a first vehicular micro cloud including a set of members. The method includes exiting the first vehicular micro cloud by a subset of the members of the first vehicular micro cloud. The method incudes identifying a reason to form a second vehicular micro cloud by the subset. The method includes executing steps, by a processor and a wireless radio, to form the second vehicular micro cloud by the subset based on the identification of the reason so that, by the formation of the second vehicular micro cloud, the spinning out of the subset of the members of the first vehicular micro cloud is achieved. The processor and the wireless radio are elements of a hub of the second vehicular micro cloud.