Abstract: The invention relates to malodor masking compositions and/or ingredients, methods for counteracting or masking malodors, and perfuming compositions having odor masking properties comprising 2, 4-dialkyl substituted pyridines for formula (I).

Abstract: An apparatus to produce a fragrance with an emergency flashlight and night light. The apparatus includes a fragrance dispenser, an emergency flashlight, a night light, and microprocessors. The fragrance dispenser dispenses fragrance through the evaporation of a liquid contained in a wick which was absorbed from the liquid in an attachable and replaceable bottle. The emergency flashlight is removeable and rechargeable. The emergency flashlight illuminates a plurality of LEDs automatically upon a power outage. The emergency removeable flashlight also contains an emergency light source. The night light operates in darkness. The microprocessors control the operation of the fragrance dispenser, the emergency light source and the night light.

Abstract: An apparatus, system, and method are disclosed for dry fogging system. The system includes a first liquid tank including compressed air and a first liquid configured to disinfect and sterilize. The system further includes a second liquid tank including a second liquid. The system further includes a control panel configured to regulate dispensing of the first liquid and the second liquid. The first liquid tank, the second liquid tank, and the control panel are modular and configured to detach.

Abstract: An air purification system is provided. The air purification system utilizes a multi-pronged approach to both filter air as well as irradiate it with ultraviolet light. Optionally, a humidifier and/or dehumidifier may be used to further treat the outlet air. The system may be positioned fixedly in building air ducts, or may be used in mobile applications to treat and purify air in a room or other space.

Abstract: An infection preventing device includes air barrier forming units that include an air inlet for taking in air from a rear in a front-rear direction, an air purification mechanism for creating clean air by purifying the air taken in from the air inlet, and an air outlet for blowing the clean air toward the front in the front-rear direction, and are capable of blowing out the clean air from the air outlet in the form of layer perpendicular to the left-right direction. The air barrier forming units provided on the seats adjacent in the front-rear direction face in the front-rear direction, and it is configured that air including clean air blown out of the air outlet of the rear air barrier forming unit can be taken in by the air inlet of the front air barrier forming unit.

Abstract: There is provided apparatuses and methods for air treatment. Airflow is conveyed between an air inlet and an opposite air outlet, determining an airflow direction. A corona discharge zone or plasma zone is created across the airflow between a screen forming a first electrode and a second electrode, the screen defining a screen surface. Dust accumulation is disrupted on the screen surface using a plurality of single or multiple shaped elements defined by the screen surface.

Abstract: A container for collecting, storing and dispensing fluid, as in enteral feeding and/or medication deliver to neonatal infants. The container includes a hollow tube with a body, a first end, a second end, and an outer diameter. The hollow tube is configured to receive a movable plunger that advances and retracts therein to define a variable contained volume. The container also includes a sealing head assembly removably mounted at an end of the hollow tube. The sealing head assembly has a diameter or outside dimension that is substantially similar or identical to a corresponding outside diameter or dimension of the hollow tube, so that the container lies flat within the receiver of an enteral feeding pump.

Abstract: The application refers to a medical treatment device a medical treatment system and a method for operating the medical treatment device and medical treatment system for treatment of a patient, comprising a sensor interface for receiving sensor data from a plurality of different external and internal peripheral sensors, a controller for processing the received sensor data in order to calculate control data and for providing the calculated control data for controlling medical treatment-related devices or for controlling a configuration of medical treatment-related apparatuses and an output interface for providing the control data.

Abstract: Peritoneal dialysis admixing and/or treatment devices, methods, and systems are disclosed. The systems, methods, and devices provide high-level guarantees of sterility and employs relatively inexpensive disposable components to provide pumping. Disclosed systems, methods, and devices and features thereof are adapted for point of use generation of medicament. In particular admixing systems that employ independently-replaceable long term concentrate are disclosed. Features are directed to assurance of sterility and accurate admixing of water and concentrate to generate ready-to-use medicaments and other benefits.

Abstract: The present invention has to do with a method and system for preformed peritoneal dialysis (PD) catheter weighted anchors. The peritoneal dialysis catheter weighted anchors can be inserted and retrieved using standard techniques and available insertion/retrieval systems. The peritoneal dialysis catheter weighted anchors can be attached and secured to all types of PD catheters as an ancillary anchor device.

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods for medication infusion are described herein. In some embodiments, a system includes a patient access subassembly, a first fluid reservoir, a second fluid reservoir, and an assembly. The assembly can have a first configuration in which the patient access subassembly is in fluid communication with the first fluid reservoir via a first tube, a second configuration in which the first fluid reservoir is in fluid communication with the second fluid reservoir, and a third configuration in which the first fluid reservoir is in fluid communication with the patient access subassembly via a second tube, the first fluid reservoir fluidically isolated from the first tube in the third configuration.

Abstract: A device for therapeutic plasma exchange includes an extracorporeal circuit, which includes a blood supply line, a separating unit, a line for infusion of formed elements, a line for infusion of replacement fluid, a blood plasma line, an anticoagulant line and at least one independent line for therapeutic drugs. The independent line can include a storage for the therapeutic drug, a conveyer of therapeutic drug, a propelling device and a controller configured to control flow of the therapeutic drug.

Abstract: An apparatus includes a blood-flow-management assembly shaped to define a cylindrical aperture. The blood-flow-management assembly includes a blood collector having drainage holes configured to direct blood to a guide surface positioned below the blood collector. The guide surface may further include ribs that manage blood flow along the guide surface.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for priming an extracorporeal blood system. The extracorporeal blood system includes an arterial blood line, a venous blood line, a pump segment for interaction with a peristaltic blood pump of the apparatus and a blood treatment unit. A port of the venous blood line is connected to a venous blood port of the blood treatment unit. A port of the arterial blood line is connected to an arterial blood port of the blood treatment unit. The extracorporeal blood system is connected to a reservoir containing priming liquid. The non-occluded extracorporeal blood system is subsequently filled with priming liquid and, after filling with priming liquid, the pump segment is automatically occluded by a blood pump.

Abstract: Disclosed is a ventricular decompression and assisting apparatus (100). The apparatus (100) includes a pigtail and a catheter that is introduced percutaneously into a femoral/radial/brachial vein or artery and is advanced into the ventricle where blood is drawn and mechanically pumped back with an external blood pump (40) and pumped back downstream into the aorta (2) or venous system or the pulmonary artery using another suitable catheter from a second access into the femoral/radial/brachial artery or any vein and with tip thereof positioned at a desired location thus forming a ventricular vent loop. The desired cardiac circulation is maintained with smart pumping, monitoring and control while relieving the load on the heart muscle to rebuild strength thereof. The apparatus (100) provides user friendly simplified approach to ventricular venting and unloading as a means for mechanical circulatory support of the left heart, right heart or both circulations even simultaneously.

Abstract: An interface device between a hemodialysis machine and venous and arterial tubes includes: a first port adapted to be connected to an output port of the hemodialysis machine and a venous port to inject blood into the venous tube. The interface device includes a second port adapted to be connected to an input port of the hemodialysis machine and an arterial port for receiving blood from the patient from the arterial tube. The interface device is further adapted to selectively allow or prohibit the passage of blood between the first and second ports and the venous and arterial ports respectively.

Abstract: A method for operating a fluid management system includes automatically detecting an unstable condition in the system, which may include detecting a large change in the supply fluid amount (indicative of a bag change), detecting a large change in the waste fluid amount (indicative of a bag change), or detecting a large difference between the amount of fluid dispensed as measured by the weight data and the amount of fluid dispensed as measured by the flow data (indicative of a blockage in the supply tubing). The method further includes adjusting the operating mode of the system during the unstable condition, which may include switching to using flow data rather than weight data to track the fluid deficit during a supply bag exchange, halting operation of an outflow pump during a waste container exchange, and/or halting operation of the system during a blockage in the supply tubing.

Abstract: A portable inhalation device includes a medication storage component, a flow controller, an atomizer, a medication delivery component, and a pressure sensor. The medication storage component is configured to store medication. The flow controller is configured to cause a force to be applied to the medication stored by the medication storage component to transport the medication to the atomizer. The atomizer is configured to generate droplets from the medication. The medication delivery component includes a delivery channel extending from the atomizer to an outlet opening. The medication delivery component is configured to receive the medication in the delivery channel from the atomizer and dispense the medication via the opening. The pressure sensor is configured to detect a pressure corresponding to a flow rate of air in the delivery channel and output an indication of the detected pressure.

Abstract: The invention relates to the field of inhalation methods and inhalation devices for liquids. In particular, the invention relates to an inhalation method using an inhalation device having a nebulizing nozzle, and to a method for the generation of an aerosol of an aqueous formulation comprising pirfenidone by means of such inhalation device.

Abstract: A compact wearable modular multifunctional inhalation and detection device. The device includes a housing with at least one port; a removable cartridge module adapted to seat within the housing, the cartridge module including a removable cylindrical cartridge adapted to seat within a cartridge housing. The cartridge includes a source of inhalant, a port and a heating element for heating the inhalant. A permanent magnet and/or an electromagnet is mounted within the cartridge housing to secure the cartridge to the cartridge housing via the adapter ring whereby the cartridge is pneumatically coupled to an inlet chamber in the mouthpiece housing. Multiple sensors are coupled to the air switch and provide data to an onboard processor. The processor executes software to provide a useful output data regarding inhalation activity. In an alternative embodiment, the device housing is adapted to retain a cartridge with a sensor adapted to detect and address airborne pathogens.

Abstract: Inhaler for oral inhalation administration of a drug, comprising a housing, a drug chamber in the housing, an air pump configured to pump air through the drug chamber for expulsing the drug through an outlet of a mouthpiece, wherein the air pump comprises a motor coupled to a centrifugal compressor operable to pump air through the drug chamber at a pressure greater than 30 millibars and a flow rate greater than 25 litres per minute.

Abstract: Methods of securely dispensing a substance to an intended user are provided. In some instances, a method of securely dispensing a substance to an intended user includes moving a valve of a locking cap fixedly secured to a housing containing the substance to an open state that allows the substance to be dispensed from the housing to the intended user; determining that a unique biometric attribute of the intended user is detected; and dispensing the substance from the housing to the intended user in response to determining that the unique biometric attribute of the intended user is detected.

Abstract: An add-on device for a metered dose inhaler, an observance improvement system, and a method for improving observance of use in metered dose inhalers, the add-on device comprising an observance system housing component comprising an observance system with at least one pressure sensor; a mouthpiece component configured to fit, surround and removably engage with an exterior surface of a mouthpiece outlet provided on the metered dose inhaler; wherein the observance system housing is configured to fit and removably engage with the mouthpiece component; and the mouthpiece component is specifically adapted to conform to the exterior surface of the mouthpiece outlet of the metered dose inhaler without obstructing delivery of a dose of drug through the outlet.

Abstract: A component for a vapour provision system comprises a reservoir for storing aerosolisable substrate material, the reservoir bounded by a boundary wall with at least one movable section configured to move to reduce a storage volume of the reservoir; an outlet in the reservoir for dispensing aerosolisable substrate material from the reservoir; a one-way outlet valve at the outlet configured to open for the dispensing of the aerosolisable substrate material; and a dispensing arrangement operable to increase pressure of aerosolisable substrate material in an outlet volume of the reservoir which is not bounded by the movable section, so as to open the outlet valve and dispense a portion of aerosolisable substrate material, the subsequent absence of the dispensed portion reducing the pressure to allow the movable section of the boundary wall to move to reduce the storage volume.

Abstract: A power supply section for an e-vaping device includes a sensor housed in a housing, a sensor holder holding the sensor, the sensor holder disposed in the housing to divide the housing into a first portion and a second portion, and the sensor and the sensor holder configured to substantially prevent air flow from the first portion into the second portion, and a power source disposed in the second portion. The construction of this unit insures that gases that may be produced by outgassing of the battery cell will be vented to the environment and that those gases will be isolated from the air that is mixed with the vaporized e-liquid and inhaled by the user.

Abstract: An anesthesia machine ventilation state indication system, used for indicating the ventilation state of an anesthesia machine. The anesthesia machine ventilation state indication system includes an electronic display interface including one ventilation state indicating graphic; a parameter acquiring module used for acquiring a ventilation parameter; and a control module used for obtaining a change in the volume of a driving gas and a change in the volume of a gas in the patient circuit according to the ventilation parameter acquired, and employing the ventilation state indicating graphic to dynamically display at the same time the change in the volume of the driving gas and the change in the volume of the gas in the patient circuit on the electronic display interface.

Abstract: An auxiliary sputum excretion method for a non-invasive ventilator and the invasive ventilator, solving the technical problem of how to help a patient with non-invasive ventilation to excrete sputum. In the auxiliary sputum excretion method, a sputum excretion operation is initiated in each respiratory cycle of a patient after the non-invasive ventilator determines that the patient needs sputum excretion during a normal mechanical ventilation of the non-invasive ventilator for the patient, and the sputum excretion operation is stopped in response to determining that the patient needs to stop the sputum excretion.

Abstract: A method, such as in a controller associated with a respiratory therapy device, determines whether high flow therapy is being used by a patient. The method may include determining whether a property of a flow of air being delivered by a respiratory therapy device along an air circuit to an unsealed patient interface contains a significant oscillation within a breathing rate frequency band. The method may also include generating, dependent on the determination, an indication of whether high flow therapy is being used by the patient.

Abstract: A patient interface includes a seal forming portion, a pad, and a cushion. The seal forming portion may have a base surface and a plurality of fibers fixed to and extending away from the base surface for contacting a patient's skin. The cushion may have at least along a portion of the circumference a first structure having an elongate section joined with at least one end section oriented substantially perpendicular or at an angle to the elongate section. A first end A of the elongate section may be connected or connectable to a frame member. The end section may be provided at an opposing second end B of the elongate section. The pad may have a resilient foam material layer with the seal forming portion. The pad may be adapted to be connected to the cushion.

Abstract: A patient interface comprises a plenum chamber and a seal-forming structure. The seal-forming structure comprises a support structure arranged to support a sealing portion that is adapted to sealing engage the patient's face in use. The seal-forming structure may also include a seal biasing portion configured to inflate under pressurization within the cavity in the cushion assembly in use to extend the reach of the sealing portion and decouple the sealing portion from external forces.

Abstract: Systems and methods may include a gas source, a gas delivery circuit, and a nasal interface allowing breathing ambient air through the nasal interface. A gas flow path through the nasal interface may have a distal gas flow path opening. A nozzle may be associated with a proximal end of the nasal interface a distance from the distal end gas flow path opening. At least a portion of an entrainment port may be between the nozzle and the distal end gas flow opening. The nozzle may deliver gas into the nasal interface to create a negative pressure area in the gas flow path at the entrainment port. The nasal interface and the nozzle may create a positive pressure area between the entrainment port and the distal end gas flow path opening. Gas from the gas delivery source and air entrained through the entrainment port may increase airway pressure or lung pressure or provide ventilatory support.

Abstract: A patient interface, such as a nasal cannula is described. The patient interface has a body portion to be located, in-use upon a face of a user. The body portion has at least one side arm that extends laterally from a central bridge portion to be located about a user's septum region, where each side arm is connected to a resilient, or relatively more rigid, bridge portion element. The interface has at least one, and preferably a pair of, nasal prong(s). The body portion has at least one fluid passageway connected to the nasal prong(s) for supply of a gas to the nare(s) of the user's nose. A cross section of the passageway varies along the length of the body portion to regions of varying flexibility along the body portion. The bridge portion element defines a substantially predetermined spatial relationship for outlet(s) of a gas delivery system supplying gas via each side arm to the outlet(s) from which, for example, the nasal prong(s) may be provided in fluid connection.

Abstract: A PAP device is configured to deliver a pressurized flow of respiratory gas to a patient's airways and includes a flow generator with a blower configured to pressurize the flow of respiratory gas. A flexible face seal is positioned at an outlet end of a blower discharge path. A tub configured to hold a body of water and humidify the pressurized flow of respiratory gas includes a heat conducting base plate and a side wall. A base supports both the flow generator and the tub and includes a floor with a heater plate and a spring biased catch configured to secure the tub to the base. The spring biased catch is configured so that applying a downward force on the tub so that the tub presses against the floor of the base secures the tub to the base and allows the tub to be released from the base.

Abstract: An anesthesia machine exhaust emission control system detects a gas flow in a connection pipeline by an electronic flow detector and displays same by a display, and a controller controls, according to an operating state of the anesthesia machine, a switch so same turns on or turns off the connection pipeline. The method for controlling the connection exhaust emission control system comprises, directly displaying a gas flow value in the connection pipeline by the electronic flow detector, the controller and the display, so that the user can conveniently and accurately read the gas flow value in the connection pipeline. The connection pipeline is turned off when an anesthesia machine is in a standby status, thereby greatly saving exhaust gas recovery resources of a hospital.

Abstract: A control system for an elongate member actuated via a pull wire comprises a chassis fixable in place relative to the elongate member during use and a pulley carried by the chassis, the pulley having a first pull wire-supporting surface structurally configured to support the pull wire, the pulley being rotatable about a first axis. The system further comprises a wall carried by the chassis and a capstan carried by the chassis and rotatable about a second axis aligned at an orthogonal angle relative to the first axis, the capstan having a second pull wire-supporting surface that permits the pull wire to wrap around the capstan, wherein the wall extends circumferentially around the capstan and includes a slit through which the pull wire extends.

Abstract: A handheld advancer is provided for advancing an elongate device through a pathway defined in an advancer body and include a rotatable manual control partially embedded in the body to receive a user-exerted manual control movement from a thumb of a single hand that can hold and control the advancer and advancement. The advancer can include a manual drive arranged to convert torque applied by the thumb for a rotation arc distance into a translation drive force applied for translating the elongate device an advancement distance scaled at force factor and distance factor. The distance factor can be one or greater than one and translate the elongate device an amplified advancement distance compared with manual input. The advancer can include a nip having a pair of rollers extending into the pathway providing constant control and amplified translation via concave compressible surfaces forming continuous contact regions with the elongate device.

Abstract: A surgical device (204) comprising a first tube (232) having an axis (233) and a wall with a channel extending axially within the wall, the first tube comprising a plurality of integrally-formed interlocking segments (234).

Abstract: Devices, systems, and methods are disclosed that help deliver catheters or other medical devices to locations within a patient's body. The device includes a transporter catheter having a proximal end and a distal end, at least a first balloon located at the distal end, substantially at a tip of the transporter catheter, and at least a second balloon located between the distal end and the proximal end of the transporter catheter. The first balloon is an orienting balloon and the second balloon is an anchor balloon. The transporter catheter may include a single lumen or more than one lumen. The transporter catheter may include a shaft including an inner layer and an outer layer, the inner layer may be made of a material more flexible than the material of the outer layer. The outer layer may also include a braided-wire assembly, said braided-wire assembly being formed by braiding a plurality of flat wires or circular wires. The braided-wire assembly may wrap around the inner layer.

Abstract: Devices, assemblies, systems, and techniques described herein may deliver a pressure wave to structures of a heart, such an aortic valve. For example, a medical assembly may include an expandable member configured to expand from a collapsed configuration to an expanded configuration, the expandable member configured to at least partially define a channel through the expandable member in the expanded configuration and one or more electrodes carried by the expandable member. The one or more electrodes may be configured to transmit an electrical signal through a fluid to cause the fluid to undergo cavitation that generates a pressure wave within the fluid.

Abstract: Implementations of a delivery device and method are disclosed. One implementation is a delivery device comprising a flow chamber with an inlet port for receiving a fluid flow in the flow chamber, and an outlet port for exiting a material from the flow chamber. The flow chamber may include a formation portion in which a suspension of the material is formed, and a collection portion that directs the suspension toward and/or into the outlet port. An amount of the material may collect in the collection portion adjacent the outlet port. The device may further comprise an insertion port for permitting insertion of the material in the flow chamber, and/or a pusher operable to move the amount of material through the outlet port. Related devices and methods also are disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are transdermal microneedling devices that generate and emit low RF energy. Such a microneedling device may comprise a drive motor, drive circuitry for controlling the drive motor, and a drive linkage located on the drive motor rotor. The microneedling device may also comprise a power source capsule comprising a battery and associated power management circuitry. Also included may be a needle cartridge coupled to the main body, and comprising a drive shaft and a needle unit coupled to a distal end of the drive shaft to move therewith, where the needle unit has at least one needle extending therefrom. The drive shaft may comprise a linkage member configured to engage the drive linkage of the drive motor, and be configured to be driven by the drive motor and thereby drive movement of the needle unit such that the at least one needle extends beyond and retracts within the distal end of the needle cartridge.

Abstract: The present invention provides a drug-holding microneedle array in which a drug is applied and held only on a tip portion of microneedles for quantitatively holding the drug and for preventing the drug from falling away during insertion of the microneedles. The drug-holding microneedle array comprises: a microneedle array having a microneedle substrate 4 and microneedles, the microneedles being positioned in plural on the microneedle substrate 4 and a tip portion 1 of the microneedles projecting via steps 2; and a drug held on the tip portion of the microneedles and the steps 2.

Abstract: Tattoo machines configured to drive a needle towards a marking area. The tattoo machines include a motor, a first arm, a second arm, and a primary spring. The first arm is operatively connected to the motor and driven by the motor towards the marking area. The second arm is spaced from the first arm and configured to couple to the needle. The primary spring is biased to move the first arm and the second arm away from the marking area. The second arm is driven towards the marking area when the first arm is driven towards the marking area by the motor.

Abstract: A catheter system may include a catheter assembly, which may include a catheter adapter. The catheter adapter may include a distal end, a proximal end, and a lumen extending through the distal end of the catheter adapter and the proximal end of the catheter adapter. The catheter assembly may include a catheter, which may extend distally from the distal end of the catheter adapter. The catheter system may include an instrument extending through a distal opening of the catheter. The instrument may include a coil spring.

Abstract: A coupling member for a closed fluid transfer system includes a housing having a fluid connection and a coupling side. The housing includes a longitudinal axis extending from the fluid connection toward the coupling side and a spike having a fluid opening. The fluid opening is arranged in an end portion of the spike facing the coupling side. A sealing member receptacle is arranged in the housing on the coupling side, and a sealing member is arranged in the sealing member receptacle. The housing includes a housing portion that at least partially surrounds the sealing member receptacle and a threaded portion. The coupling housing with the sealing member is guided by a guiding structure and movable in the direction of the longitudinal axis via the threaded portion between a position with maximum distance to the fluid connection and a position with minimum distance to the fluid connection.

Abstract: A system for delivering fluid to a user transcutaneously includes a subcutaneous infusion cannula base assembly, a cannula inserter assembly and a fluid connection assembly. The subcutaneous infusion cannula base assembly is configured to be located on the user's skin. The cannula inserter assembly is coupled to the cannula base assembly and is configured to drive an infusion cannula through the user's skin in a nominally helical trajectory. The fluid connection assembly is configured to fluidically connect the cannula base assembly to a source of delivery fluid. Cannula and stylet assemblies configured for helical or non-helical insertion are also disclosed.

Abstract: Some embodiments are directed to a medical device for fluidly connecting to a medical spike, including a spike port configured to receive therein the medical spike and establish fluid communication between the medical spike and the medical device. The spike-locking mechanism can be configured to resist extraction of the medical spike from the spike port.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for delivering fluid from a syringe to a subject using a pumping device of a flow control apparatus. The method includes locating the flow control apparatus on a horizontal support surface. Providing the syringe with a volume of fluid including a total amount of preferred nutrient and an amount of non-preferred nutrient liquid. Mounting the syringe relative to the flow control apparatus whereby the syringe is oriented in a generally vertical orientation such that an outlet of the syringe faces upward. Initiating operation of the pumping device to draw the fluid from the syringe for a duration of time to preferentially deliver at least a portion of the total amount of preferred nutrient in the fluid to the subject.

Abstract: An infusion system for being operatively connected to a fluid delivery line and to an infusion container includes a pump, a plurality of different types of sensors connected to the pump or the fluid delivery line, at least one processor, and a memory. The plurality of different types of sensors are configured to indicate whether air is in the fluid delivery line. The memory includes programming code for execution by the at least one processor. The programming code is configured to, based on measurements taken by the plurality of different types of sensors, determine: whether there is air in the fluid delivery line; whether there is a partial occlusion or a total occlusion in the fluid delivery line; or a percentage of the air present in the fluid delivery line or the probability of the air being in the fluid delivery line.

Abstract: Systems, and methods relate to a medical device receiving a treatment parameter operating point within a first operating region defined by a first set of operating points for which automatic incremental adjustment of a parameter in the current operation is permitted. In an illustrative example, incremental adjustment may use artificial intelligence based on patient feedback and sensor measurement of outcomes. Some exemplary devices may receive a request to alter the current treatment parameter operating point to a second treatment parameter operating point outside the first operating region and in a second operating region in a known safe operation zone, bounded by a known unsafe zone unavailable to the user. In the second operating region, some examples may restrict the step size of incremental adjustments requested by the user. Data may be collected for cloud-based analysis, for example, to facilitate discovery of more effective treatment protocols.