Abstract: A composition which contains (a) 80 to 99% w of a bitumen component; (b) 1 to 20% w of an elastomer; (c) 1 to 60% w of a hydrocarbon resin which has been modified to contain carboxyl, carboxylic anhydride, hydroxyl and/or amino groups; and (d) 1 to 100% w of an inorganic filler, the weight percentages being based on the total weight of the bitumen component and elastomer, is suitable for coating structures and a process for applying the composition at elevated temperature onto a suitbale structure.

Abstract: The present invention relates to bituminous polymer emulsions and more particularly to a novel method for producing such emulsions to produce a coating which yields superior flexiblity and water resistance.The method of producing the bituminous polymer consists in passing heated asphalt and a heated polymer emulsion through a colloid meal. The resultant emulsion may have up to 75% solids.

Abstract: Substrates such as aggregates, particularly for roadbuilding, are coated with asphalt by foaming the asphalt and mixing the hot asphalt foam with the aggregate. The asphalt is foamed by dispersing water in the hot asphalt as to maintain the water in the liquid phase and then vaporizing the water to form the foam structure.

Abstract: Alkaline solutions of combinations of tall oil fatty acids or tallow fatty acids and their reaction products with acrylic acid, fumaric acid and maleic anhydride with and without catalytical amounts of iodine at a dosage of 0.4-0.6% based on the weight of asphalt emulsions are disclosed to be efficient emulsifiers for rapid set high float emulsions. Blends of fatty acids with fumarized or maleinized rosin are also excellent emulsifiers. If dosage levels of above 0.6 to 3.0% are used, medium set high float emulsions are obtained. Combinations of tall oil fatty acid and sulfonated tall oil fatty acid also give medium set high float emulsions.

Abstract: Coal-aqueous mixture having high solids content and excellent stability are provided by an improved process involving selective mixing and other conditions.

Abstract: A stable lignosulfonate emulsion for use as a binding agent includes an aqueous dispersion of lignosulfonate containing material having an initial solids concentration of between about 45% to about 65% by weight, and about 1 part to about 50 parts, per 100 parts of the lignosulfonate containing material, of a hydrophobe such as wax, oil, fat, asphalt or mixtures thereof. Spray drying the emulsion provides a powder which is less dusty than comparable lignosulfonate products similarly dried, and which upon rewetting provides a stable emulsion. A method of preparing the emulsion is also disclosed.

Abstract: Quick setting anionic bituminous emulsions in which the emulsifier is an alkylbenzenesulfonic acid which has been neutralized with specified alkyl or hydroxyalkyl amines.

Abstract: Cationic latices produced by changing anionic latices using a cationic emulsifier exhibit good results when used for the improvement of cationic bitumen emulsions for surface treatment during road building, if an amphoteric emulsifier is added before addition of the cationic emulsifier.

Abstract: The treatment of pavement surfaces with a rapid setting high float asphalt emulsion which comprises 50 to 75 weight percent asphalt, about 0.01 to 1.0 weight percent anionic emulsifier, about 0.2 to 15 weight percent carboxylic acid esters, sufficient base to provide said emulsion with a pH greater than about 9, and water.

Abstract: Reaction products of polyamines with epoxidized vegetable oils or epoxidized fatty esters are disclosed which give emulsions capable of producing cationic medium set mixing grade asphalt emulsions, as well as rapid set asphalt emulsions. Solventless asphalts as well as asphalts containing up to 12% by volume of a hydrocarbon oil can be used for emulsification. Emulsions prepared with these condensation products behave similarly to emulsions prepared with condensation products of polyamines and tall oil derived C.sub.21 -dicarboxylic acid, C.sub.22 -tricarboxylic acid or sulfonated tall oil fatty acids.

Abstract: A rapid-set asphalt emulsion which comprises at least 60% residue, 30% water, 0.1% acid, and 0.15% of an emulsifier, the emulsifier comprising a hexahydropyrimidine of the general formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is an alkyl group having from 8 to 18 carbon atoms, and R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 may be the same or different, and are selected from the group including H-- or --(CH.sub.2).sub.x CH.sub.3, wherein x is an integer between 0 and 3.

Abstract: An aqueous emulsion of a blend of asphalt having viscosity at 165.degree. F. of about 100 to about 1000 centipoises with a petroleum extender oil preferably having a viscosity at 40.degree. C. of not more than about 1000 centistokes, preferably stabilized with a protective colloid in conjunction with conventional surfactants, provides a particularly effective and long-lasting treatment of substrates, such as dirt or gravel roads and the like, for suppressing the evolution of fugitive dust therefrom by applying the emulsion, usually in dilute form, to the exposed surface of the substrate, as by spraying.

Abstract: Addition of selected dispersants comprising metal petroleum sulfurates and selected oil-soluble esters to asphaltic fractions exhibiting a positive Oliensis spot test to improve the properties thereof so that the asphaltic material will pass the Oliensis spot test and be suitable for use in paving formulations.

Abstract: Reaction products of polyamines with certain polycarboxylic acid anhydrides are modified by reacting with formaldehyde and sodium sulfite or bisulfite, formaldehyde and phosphorus acid, haloalkane sulfonic acid salts, .gamma.-propane sultone, haloalkane phosphoric acid, acrylic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid and haloalkanoic acids which give emulsions capable of producing medium set mixing grade asphalt emulsions, rapid set asphalt emulsions, and quick set slurry seal emulsions. Solventless asphalts as well as asphalts containing up to 15% by volume of a hydrocarbon oil can be used for emulsification.

Abstract: Coal-aqueous mixture having high solids content and excellent stability are provided by an improved process involving selective mixing and other conditions.

Abstract: Reaction products of polyamines with certain polycarboxylic acid anhydrides are disclosed which give emulsions capable of producing medium set mixing grade asphalt emulsions, rapid set asphalt emulsions, and quick set slurry seal emulsions. Solventless asphalts as well as asphalts containing up to 15% by volume of a hydrocarbon oil can be used for emulsification.

Abstract: A stable, thixotropic aqueous bitumen dispersion containing no emulsifier is prepared. Alkaline earth metal hydroxide and an aluminum salt are brought into contact to form an aqueous aluminum hydroxide gel. Molten bitumen is dispersed in the gel. The dispersion has a good shelf life and is stable with respect to electrolytes and chemically active construction materials.

Abstract: A driveway sealer less affected by temperature extremes can be made from an oxidized coal tar distillation cut. The sealer incorporates a middle cut crude distillate which is oxidized to produce a product of desired viscosity. The sealer incorporating this oxidized middle cut is less affected by extremes in weather as compared to regular sealer tar. It has more consistent physical properties. A significant distinguishing characteristic derived from the use of this tar in a driveway sealer is the reduced odor of the resulting sealer. The oxidation (condensation) step is carried out at elevated temperature by sparging copious quantities of air rapidly into the tar at elevated temperatures of the order of about 300.degree. F. to 800.degree. F. (200.degree. C.-430.degree. C.).

Abstract: An open-graded emulsified asphalt paving mix is provided comprising a major portion of open-graded aggregate and a minor portion of cationic or anionic bituminous emulsion, the mix containing a minor portion of a polyelectrolyte having the opposite electric charge from that of the asphalt emulsifier which imparts excellent water resistance properties to pavement prepared from the mix. A method for producing the polyelectrolyte in situ is also provided.

Abstract: Asphaltic materials (e.g., asphalt, bitumen, or pitch) are increased in flame-resistance and improved in other useful properties by use of a latent catalyst mixture which reacts upon heating to catalyze oxidation of the asphaltic material. The catalyst comprises halogenated organic compound which decomposes and releases halogen upon heating and an iron-containing compound adapted to react with the released halogen to form iron halide.

Abstract: A new compound is disclosed having the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is a C.sub.8 to C.sub.22 aliphatic group. The new compound is liquid at ambient temperatures and is useful as an asphalt emulsifier. Also disclosed are asphalt emulsions containing said compound.

Abstract: Novel amphoteric emulsifiers are disclosed for solventless and solvent containing mixing grade, oil-in-water anionic and cationic bituminous emulsions, which emulsifiers are the modified reaction products of polyamines with certain polycarboxylic acids and sulfonated carboxylic acids. Modifications are carried out by reacting the nitrogen-containing intermediates with formaldehyde and sodium sulfite or bisulfite, chloroalkane sulfonic acid salts, .gamma.-propane sultone, chloroalkane phosphonic acids, acrylic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid and chloroethanoic acid.

Abstract: Novel amphoteric emulsifiers are disclosed for solventless and solvent containing mixing grade, oil-in-water anionic and cationic bituminous emulsions, which emulsifiers are the modified reaction products of polyamines with certain polycarboxylic acids and sulfonated carboxylic acids. Modifications are carried out by reacting the nitrogen-containing intermediate with formaldehyde and sodium sulfite or bisulfite, chloroalkane sulfonic acid salts, .gamma.-propane sultone, chloroalkane phosphonic acids, acrylic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid and chloroethanoic acid.

Abstract: Emulsifiers for solventless and solvent containing mixing grade, oil-in-water cationic bituminous emulsions are disclosed which are the reaction products of polyamines and the polycarboxylic acids of the general formulae ##STR1## wherein x and y are integers from 3 to 9, x and y together equal 12, at least one Z is a carboxylic acid group and any remaining Z is hydrogen.

Abstract: A method for preparing a concrete joint sealant plate, comprising the steps of impregnating asphalt emulsion into fibrous plate under a reduced pressure and then drying it by means of a heating presser; and a concrete joint sealant plate produced therefrom.

Abstract: Novel amphoteric emulsifiers for solventless and solvent containing rapid setting and mixing grade, oil-in-water anionic and cationic bituminous emulsions are disclosed which emulsifiers are the reaction products of polyamines and the polycarboxylic acids of the general formulae ##STR1## wherein x and y are integers from 3 to 9, x and y together equal 12, at least one Z is a carboxylic acid group and any remaining Z is hydrogen.

Abstract: An improved mixing process for aqueous bituminous emulsion-aggregate slurries is disclosed whereby cationic emulsions are prepared by emulsifying bitumen, such as an asphalt, in water with a new kind of cation-active emulsifier which is the product of the reaction of a polyamine with certain polycarboxylic acids wherein one or more additives selected from the group consisting of a polyamine, ammonia, magnesium sulfate, cupric sulfate, chromium chloride, ferric sulfate or dilute sulfuric acid is added to the mixing water to extend the mixing time and to give mixes with good flowability and flotation characteristics.

Abstract: Reaction products of polyamines with sulfonated oleic acid or sulfonated tall oil fatty acids are disclosed which give emulsions capable of producing cationic medium set mixing grade asphalt emulsions, as well as rapid set asphalt emulsions. Solventless asphalts as well as asphalts containing up to 15% by volume of a hydrocarbon oil can be used for emulsification.

Abstract: Cationic oil in water type bituminous-aggregate slurries capable of being worked are disclosed. The slurries contain a densely graded aggregate, from about 8% to about 20% of an aqueous emulsion based on the weight of the aggregate, wherein the emulsion is comprised of from about 55% to about 65% of bitumen based on the weight of the emulsion, from about 0.5% to about 2%, based on the weight of the emulsion, of the reaction products of one or more polyamines and a polycarboxylic acid of the general formula ##STR1## wherein x and y are integers from 3 to 9, x and y together equal 12, at least one Z is a carboxylic acid group and any remaining Z is hydrogen, as emulsifier, and water to make up 100% by weight. Additionally, from about 4% to about 16% water, based on the weight of the aggregate, is added to form a slurry of the aggregate and the emulsion; and up to 3% of an additive selected from the group consisting of lime and cement is employed to reduce the setting time of the mixture.

Abstract: Synthetic asphalt mixtures comprise selective blends of tall oil and/or tall oil pitch and naturally occurring or man-made gilsonite.

Abstract: A high-float rapid-setting emulsion comprised of asphalt, tall oil, tall oil derivatives or mixtures thereof, copolymer selected from the group consisting of a styrene-butadiene-styrene block and styrene-isoprene-styrene block, petroleum distillate, water, and strong base. In addition, methods of manufacturing a high-float, rapid-setting emulsion including a first method comprising mixing asphalt with tall oil, tall oil derivatives or mixtures thereof, and combining and mixing said mixture with treated water comprising tall oil, tall oil derivatives or mixtures thereof, strong base, and water.

Abstract: In accordance with this invention there are provided compositions of matter comprising a bitumen containing material and an epoxylated polyamine wherein at least two of the amino nitrogen atoms are separated by six carbon atoms. These compositions provide improved adhesion between aggregate materials and the bitumen containing material.

Abstract: An oil-in-water anionic bituminous emulsion is disclosed wherein an anionic emulsifier is prepared by reacting lignosulfonate with a sulfonyl chloride or bromide of benzene or toluene or substituted benzene or an aliphatic hydrocarbon with four or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: A method for depositing asphalt from an asphalt emulsion onto an aggregate is disclosed comprising wetting the aggregate with water containing between about 0.01 weight percent and about 1.0 weight percent of coupling agent selected to have charge opposite to the charge of said asphalt emulsion and applying said asphalt emulsion to the wetted aggregate.

Abstract: Asphalt emulsifying compositions comprising alkoxylated diquaternary ammonium compounds, the cationic portion of the compound preferably including aliphatic radicals containing from about 12 to about 18 carbon atoms. The compounds may be prepared by treating either a diamine or an alkoxylated diamine with an alkylene oxide in a preferred ratio of 1:8. The emulsion most suitably effected by the present compounds will preferably have a size of less than 10 microns.

Abstract: A bituminous emulsion roof resaturant for application over an existing roof surface to rejuvenate the roof system is provided. The roof resaturant has an oil phase that is comprised of a bitumen and aromatic hydrocarbons. The oil phase is suspended as droplets or discrete particles in a water phase that contains an emulsifier and up to 2.0 parts by weight of glyoxal per 100 parts by weight of water in the water phase.

Abstract: An improved process for forming an acoustical or thermal insulating fibrous glass product is provided, wherein the binder employed is asphalt and the asphalt is converted into a substantially insolubilized form.

Abstract: This is a process and composition related to recycling old asphalt pavements into new pavements. It is accomplished by adding a special asphalt emulsion to the crushed old asphaltic pavement material without requiring the addition of new aggregate or heating. The old material is cemented at the ambient temperature into a new durable composition of high stability and water resistant without rejuvenation, softening or other appreciable change in the old asphalt, such steps being eliminated by selection of the degree of hardness and character of the asphalt base stock in the special emulsion.

Abstract: Minimum content asphalt-in-water emulsions are prepared employing conductivity measurements. An emulsifying agent e.g., soap and water, a pH adjusting agent e.g., hydrochloric acid, to adjust the pH to be in the approximate range up from about 3 to about 5, and an ionizing salt are brought together and heated to a suitable blending temperature and then blended with asphalt also heated to such a temperature. A method for optimizing conditions to obtain optimum asphalts is set forth.

Abstract: A petroleum distillate-free or essentially petroleum distillate-free prime coat material for application to absorptive surfaces, such as untreated road or street surfaces, which is designed to penetrate, bond, and stabilize such existing surfaces and to promote adhesion between such surfaces and construction courses that follow. This type of material is also often used as a dust palliative. For this purpose, the material is applied to an untreated surface to control dust.

Abstract: An apparatus for regenerating used mixtures for road pavement including an asphalt concrete mixture and a cement concrete mixture is provided with a first vibration sieve, conveyer, passage, roof, transferring means, guide means such as a V-shape plate and a screw conveyer, spray means such as water supply pipes, discharging means such as a hoist device, and a second vibration sieve. The asphalt concrete mixture together with others are sorted by the first vibration sieve, transferred in a given direction by the transferring means such as a container, heated by the hot water from the spray means, subdivided and sorted by the second vibration sieve.

Abstract: Glass substrates are provided, for example, glass fibers, with a substantially solvent insoluble coating of asphalt.

Abstract: A bituminous emulsion containing bituminous material, water and the product resulting from the reaction of (1) polycyclic, polycarboxylic acids obtained as a result of the oxidation of coal with (2) a base. The process for preparing such emulsion is also disclosed.

Abstract: Fast-breaking bituminous emulsions are prepared by using a liquid emulsifying agent obtained by condensation at a temperature of 160.degree.-180.degree. C. of diethylenetriamine and a C.sub.12-18 fatty acid having an iodine value of at least 25, followed by at least partial cyclization of the condensation product at a temperature between approximately 190.degree. and 240.degree. C., the initial molar ratio between the diethylenetriamine and the fatty acid being at least 5 to 1, and the end product having a total amine index of at least 5.6 and optionally containing up to 10% free diethylenetriamine.

Abstract: The addition of aqueous dilutions of a sulfonic acid source of 0.2% to 0.8% acid concentration to an aggregate or to a composition of asphalt and aggregate in hot asphalt plants enables a decrease in the amount of asphalt required in comparison to compositions not so treated while achieving comparable strengths and durability when the composition is laid down as road paving material. The improved distribution of asphalt reduces usage by 10% to 40% and permits the incorporation of additional finely divided material to achieve higher strengths, or, inversely, to permit a higher percentage of voids to exist in the completed materials so as to provide for a porous paving material with suitable strength. The use of water in quantities of from 1,000 gallons to 3,000 gallons per 100 tons of aggregate and a sulfonic acid source in quantities of from 0.5 to 8 gallons per 100 tons of aggregate to provide an aggregate-acid-water composition having an initial pH of less than 3.

Abstract: In a stockpile asphalt emulsion composition an improved asphalt phase comprises 50-98% of paving grade asphalt, 1-10% added sulfur, and 1-35% liquid hydrocarbon.

Abstract: Asphalt emulsion conditioner compositions, derived from spent sulfite liquor lignosulfonates, and asphalt emulsions produced from such compositions are provided. The emulsions are of the slow-setting, anionic type and are further characterized by their ability to remain stable on storage although produced with equipment that generates a wide range of shearing forces. Such characteristics are imparted to the asphalt emulsions through the use of emulsion-conditioner compositions comprising a partially desulfonated lignosulfonate, preferably an anionic or nonionic emulsifying agent and, optionally, a thickener.

Abstract: Emulsion compositions containing substantial amounts of gilsonite consist essentially of a gilsonite phase consisting of a mixture of between about 33 and about 95% gilsonite, and a petroleum hydrocarbon having a boiling point above about 200.degree. F., and a water phase consisting essentially of water and a small amount of emulsifying agent. The emulsifying agent may include a surface active clay.

Abstract: An asphalt base stock comprising a solvent refined asphalt having a penetration less than 25 and low ductility mixed with an asphalt cement. The base stock has a low penetration, 25-45, but unexpected high ductility, 150+. The base stock is especially suited for emulsification. When mixed with soils and aggregates, as for road surfaces, the stabilized product exhibits a significant increase in bearing strength over comparable asphalt-emulsion pavements and hot-mix asphalt pavements.

Abstract: In a stockpile asphalt emulsion composition an improved asphalt phase comprises 40-70% of paving grade asphalt, 10-50% sulfur, and 5-30% liquid hydrocarbon.