Abstract: Nano-structured interconnect formation and a reworkable bonding process using solder films. Large area fabrication of nano-structured interconnects is demonstrated at a very fine pitch. This technology can be used for pushing the limits of current flip chip bonding in terms of pitch, number of I/Os, superior combination of electrical and mechanical properties as well as reworkability. Sol-gel and electroless processes were developed to demonstrate film bonding interfaces between metallic pads and nano interconnects. Solution-derived nano-solder technology is an attractive low-cost method for several applications such as MEMS hermetic packaging, compliant interconnect bonding and bump-less nano-interconnects.

Abstract: Cerium oxide powder having carbonate groups and made of crystalline primary particles containing cerium oxide and having carbonate groups on the surface and in a region close to the surface, and having a BET surface area of from 25 to 150 m2/g, a mean diameter of from 5 to 50 nm, a carbonate concentration in the region close to the surface decreasing inwardly from the surface, a carbon content due to carbonate groups on the surface of from 5 to 50% by area, a carbon content due to carbonate groups at a depth of about 5 nm in a region close to the surface of from 0 to 30% by area, a content of cerium oxide calculated as CeO2 and based on the powder of at least 99.5% by weight and a content of organic and inorganic carbon of from 0.01 to 0.3% by weight. A dispersion containing this powder.

Abstract: Methods for making barrier coatings including a taggant involving providing a barrier coating, and adding from about 0.01 mol % to about 30 mol % of a taggant to the barrier coating wherein the taggant comprises a rare earth element selected from lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, ytterbium, and lutetium, salts thereof, silicates thereof, oxides thereof, zirconates thereof, hafnates thereof, titanates thereof, tantalates thereof, cerates thereof, aluminates thereof, aluminosilicates thereof, phophates thereof, niobates thereof, borates thereof, and combinations thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a hard coating excellent in wear resistance, insusceptible to seizure, and excellent sliding property even after use over the long term, and a method capable of forming the hard coating excellent in sliding property in a short time. The hard coating is a hard coating expressed by chemical formula MxBaCbNc, wherein M is at least one kind of metallic element selected from the group consisting of elements in the groups 4A, 5A, and 6A of the periodic table, and Si, Al, the hard coating having chemical composition satisfying respective formulas expressed by 0?a?0.2, 0?c?0.2, 0<x?a?c, x?a?c<b?0.9, 0.05?x?0.5, and x+a+b+c=1, where x, a, b, and c denote respective atomic ratios of M, B, C, and N.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a security device for resisting counterfeiting and verifying the authenticity of an article and, more particularly, to a nanoparticle containing coating composition applied thereon to produce a reflective layer for use with diffractive security devices.

Abstract: A hard coating superior in wear resistance and in oxidation resistance and also a hard coating superior in high-temperature anti-friction performance and oxidation resistance over the conventional coating film are provided. One of the typical hard coating excellent in wear resistance and oxidation resistance, which comprises a composition represented by the formula: (Ala,Mb,Cr1-a-b)(C1-eNe) (where M represents W and/or Mo, a, b and e that represent atomic ratios of Al, M and N, respectively, satisfy the following relations): 0.25?a?0.65, 0.05?b?0.35, and 0.5?e?1.

Abstract: The present invention provides a high-hardness carbon coating comprising Mo elements of 2.7 to 7.7 at %, S elements of 1.3 to 4.6 at % and O elements of 7.0 to 9.5 at %, and having a low friction and an excellent abrasion resistance under evacuated conditions.

Abstract: A clay plaster formulation and application. The clay plaster is a mixture of various clays, and aggregate. This plaster is both functional and decorative and is for use on new and existing construction.

Abstract: A powder mixture to be made into an evaporation source material for use in ion plating, and an evaporation source material useful for ion plating and a method of producing it, and a gas barrier sheet and a method of producing it. The powder mixture comprises 100 parts by weight of silicon oxide powder and 5 to 100 parts by weight of a conductive material powder. Preferably, both the silicon oxide powder and the conductive material powder have a mean particle diameter of 5 ?m or less. The conductive material powder is preferably a powder of at least one material selected from metals and electrically conductive metallic oxides, nitrides and acid nitrides. The evaporation source material for use in ion plating is in the form of agglomerates having a mean particle diameter of 2 mm or more, or a block, obtained by granulating or compression-molding the powder mixture.

Abstract: A droplet-free wear-resistant coating is manufactured by depositing a wear resistant nitride coating containing a nitride layer which contains at least one metal or metal compound of a metal selected from the group consisting of Ti, Cr, Al, Si and combinations thereof, on a surface of a substrate by cathodic-arc evaporation using a Venetian blind filter system in front of an arc cathode; to reduce metal microdroplets and/or metal microparticles in the wear resistant coating compared to an wear resistant coating obtained without a Venetian blind filter system.

Abstract: A hard film contains [(Nb1-d,Tad)aAl1-a](C1-xNx), [(Nb1-d,Tad)a,Al1-a-b-c,Sib,Bc](C1-xNx), [(Cr,V)p(Nb,Ta)q(Al,Si,B)r](C1-xNx), or [(Ti,Cr,V)p(Nb,Ta)q(Al,Si,B)r](C1-xNx), in which the atomic ratios satisfy the following conditions: 0.4?a?0.6, 0<b+c?0.15, 0?d?1, 0.4?x?1, provided that one of “b” and “c” may be zero but both of them are not simultaneously zero, p+q+r=1; pTi+pCr+pV=p; qNb+qTa=q; rAl+rsi+rB=r, 0.05?q, 0.5?r?0.73, 0?rsi+rB?0.15, and 0.4?x?1.0, provided that when pTi is greater than zero, the total of pCr, pV, rSi, and rB is greater than zero.

Abstract: The invention relates to a substrate provided with a mechanically resistant, long-lasting coating, and suitable for being handled by a user. Said substrate is characterised in that the coating comprises a first photocatalytic compound which is intimately associated with a second compound containing an energy jump between the upper level of the valence band thereof and the lower level of the conductive band thereof, corresponding to a wavelength in the visible field. The invention also relates to a glazing comprising said substrate, to the applications of the inventive substrate, and to the methods for the production thereof.

Abstract: Disclosed is a substrate with an abrasion resistant and scratch-resistant coating that has a low index of refraction and comprises magnesium fluoride and at least one metal oxide or semimetal oxide. The coating can be obtained by applying a coating composition containing magnesium fluoride or a precursor thereof and at least one metal oxide or semimetal oxide, or a precursor thereof onto a substrate and then subjecting the same to a thermal treatment. The inventive coating is suitable for optical layers, particularly on translucent substrates. Examples of adequate uses include antireflection layers and interference layer assemblies.

Abstract: Anti-fouling coating compositions and methods of making and using those compositions are provided. In an embodiment, a coating composition comprises ceramic nanoparticles, wherein the coating composition is capable of inhibiting contaminants from adhering to a solid surface.

Abstract: The erosion-prone sections of the tubes in a circulating fluidized bed boiler are provided with a locally thickened sidewall without forming discontinuities on the outer surface of the tubes. This can be accomplished, for example, by replacing the erosion prone portion of the tube with a section having a smaller inside diameter, but the same outside diameter, or by replacing the erosion prone portion of the tube with a section having a thicker sidewall, but the same inside diameter, and smoothing over the outside discontinuity with an alloy coating. A useful alloy coating is also disclosed which can be used for this and other applications.

Abstract: This invention relates to a single- or multilayer, oriented film formed from polyester and at least one inorganic black pigment. The inventive films include at least one layer which has, alongside polyester, an amount of from 0.5 to 75% by weight of particles incorporating iron oxide as black pigment.

Abstract: The present invention related to a chrome-free passivating solution, which comprises following components: effective amount of oxysalt containing transition metal, inorganic acids and water. Said oxysalt containing transition metal is selected from a group of oxysalt containing titanium, oxysalt containing zirconium, oxysalt containing hafnium, oxysalt containing vanadium, oxysalt containing niobium, oxysalt containing tantalum, oxysalt containing molybdenum, oxysalt containing tungsten, oxysalt containing manganese, oxysalt containing technetium, and oxysalt containing rhenium, and the weight ratio between said oxysalt containing transition metal and inorganic acids is in the range of 200˜400:1. Said chrome-free passivating solution may further comprise one or more complexant.

Abstract: The instant invention relates to a liquid composition comprising a mixture of: (1) water and/or a polar solvent; (2) a colloidal dispersion of mineral particles; and (3) a phosphonate terminated poly(oxyalkene) polymer; the invention also relates to process for stabilizing aqueous and/or solvent-based dispersions of mineral particles comprising the step of adding an efficient stabilising amount of a phosphonate terminated poly(oxyalkene) polymer.

Abstract: The carbon-containing hard coating (1) according to the invention comprises nano-crystalline grains being separated from each other by grain boundaries, wherein said hard coating comprises aluminum (Al), at least one additional metal (Me1, Me2), carbon (C) and at least one further element (E1, E2) and has the chemical composition: (AlxMe1yMe2z)CuE1vE2w wherein Me1 is a metal, and Me2 is a metal, with x>0.4 and x+y+z=1 and y,z?0, and E1 and E2 are further chemical elements with 1>u>0 and u+v+w=1 and v,w?0. The grain boundaries have a higher concentration of carbon atoms than the nano-crystalline grains.

Abstract: Methods of making a metallic or cerment coating include suspending solid fine metal or cerment particles in a liquid to form a liquid feedstock and injecting the liquid feedstock into an high-velocity oxygen fuel flame gun to thermally spray the liquid feedstock on a substrate to form a coating thereon.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a thin film prepared using a mixture of nanocrystal particles and a molecular precursor. The nanocrystal is used in the thin film as a nucleus for crystal growth to minimize grain boundaries of the thin film and the molecular precursor is used to form the same crystal structure as the nanocrystal particles, thereby improving the crystallinity of the thin film. The thin film can be used effectively in a variety of electronic devices, including thin film transistors, electroluminescence devices, memory devices, and solar cells. Further disclosed is a method for preparing the thin film.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a resin surface treating agent containing as an effective component at least one cerium compound selected from tetravalent and trivalent cerium compounds. The surface treating method of the present invention is a method of bringing a surface of a resin into contact with a surface treating agent containing as an effective component at least one cerium compound selected from tetravalent and trivalent cerium compounds, and thereafter treating the surface with an acidic aqueous solution. This activates the resin surface and thereby increases a strength of adhesion of, for instance, a polyimide-based resin film with metal wires, as well as a strength of adhesion of a polyimide-based resin film with another resin. Thus, a resin surface treating agent that provides excellent productivity and reduces processing costs, as well as a surface treating method using the same, are provided.

Abstract: The present invention provides a sprayable composition comprising a ceramic particulate including albite, illite, and quart, and a metallic composition, including nickel, chromium, iron, and silicon. The sprayable composition may be a composite particle, a blend, or a cored wire. The present invention further provides an abradable coating formed on a metal substrate according to a method comprising the step of depositing the abradable coating on the metal substrate by thermal spraying of a sprayable composition comprising a ceramic particulate including albite, illite, and quartz, and a metallic composition, including nickel, chromium, iron and silicon. The sprayable composition may be a composite particle, a blend, or a cored wire. The abradable coating may be applied to a metal substrate such as steel, nickel-based alloys, and titanium.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present invention, a decorative hard coating comprises zirconium-aluminium oxycarbonitride. According to another embodiment of the present invention, a decorative hard coating comprises an underlayer and an overlayer, wherein the underlayer comprises metal-rich oxycarbonitride, and the overlayer comprises aluminium in some form. According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method of making a metallic white decorative coating comprises providing a substrate and forming a layer of zirconium-aluminium oxycarbonitride over the substrate. According to another embodiment of the present invention, a method of making a metallic white decorative coating comprises providing a substrate, forming a layer of metal-rich oxycarbonitride over the substrate, and forming a layer of aluminium or aluminium-rich oxycarbonitride over the layer of metal-rich oxycarbonitride.

Abstract: A process for forming a coating on a metal substrate includes contacting the substrate with a molybdate solution having a pH of between 3.5 and 5 inclusive containing an acid with the proviso that the acid is not nitric acid. The substrate is contacted with the solution at a temperature between 30 and 75 degrees Celsius and results in a yellow coating that is kinetically stable from 20 seconds to 300 seconds before the coating darkens to a final black coloration. Water washing of the yellow coating precludes further color development. The resulting yellow coating is amenable to overlayering with a seal coat.

Abstract: A coating film is formed on a substrate of sapphire by coating the substrate with a jointing material prepared by dissolving Al(OC2H5)3 and B(OCH3)3 into xylene. Subsequently, the substrate is heated to about 450 ° C. and the coating film is irradiated with, e.g., ultraviolet radiation having a wavelength of 172 nm. Thus, xylene in the coating film is vaporized, and Al(OC2H5)3 and B(OCH3)3 are thermally decomposed to form a jointing material composed of amorphous or ?-layer alumina (Al2O3) and amorphous boron oxide (B2O3).

Abstract: Erosion resistant coating processes and material improvements for line-of-sight applications. The erosion resistant coating composition includes nanostructured grains of tungsten carbide (WC) and/or submicron sized grains of WC embedded into a cobalt chromium (CoCr) binder matrix. A high velocity air fuel thermal spray process (HVAF) is used to create thick coatings in excess of about 500 microns with high percentages of primary carbide for longer life better erosion resistant coatings. These materials and processes are especially suited for hydroelectric turbine components.

Abstract: A cerium and/or lanthanum phosphate sol includes an aqueous phase; particles of a phosphate of at least one rare earth selected from cerium and lanthanum; and an acid other than phosphoric acid, the cerium and lanthanum salts of which are soluble in water. A process for preparing this sol includes continuously introducing a first solution of salts of at least one of the rare earths into a second solution of phosphate ions with an initial pH of less than 2; controlling the pH of the precipitation medium during precipitation at a constant value of less than 2; separating the precipitate from the reaction medium and of taking up the dispersion in water then adding to the dispersion obtained at least one said rare earth salt and said acid in a quantity such that the final PO43/rare earth mole ratio in the dispersion is 1.

Abstract: A thermal spray composition and method of deposition for abradable seals for use in gas turbine engines, turbochargers and steam turbines. The thermal spray composition comprises a mixture of metal-clad solid lubricant particles and unclad solid lubricants particles for producing an abradable seal used in the compressor section of gas engines, aircraft engines, radial compressors and the like. The metal is selected from alloys of Ni, Co, Cu, Fe and Al, preferably Ni alloys, and the solid lubricant is at least one of hexagonal boron nitride, graphite, calcium fluoride, lithium fluoride and molybdenum disulphide, preferably hexagonal boron nitride or hexagonal boron nitride and graphite.

Abstract: A thin layer of hafnium oxide or stacking of thin layers comprising hafnium oxide layers for producing surface treatments of optical components, or optical components, in which at least one layer of hafnium oxide is in amorphous form and has a density less than 8 gm/cm3. The layer is formed by depositing on a substrate without energy input to the substrate.

Abstract: An electrode manufacturing method comprises: forming plural protruding portions on a surface of a substrate; introducing first particles having a size that changes according to heat, light, or a first solvent between said plural protruding portions; changing the size of the first particles by applying heat, light, or the first solvent to said first particles; and depositing an electrode material onto the surface of said substrate.

Abstract: An inorganic composition comprises an inorganic matrix, wherein an inorganic layered compound is contained in the inorganic matrix. The inorganic matrix is preferably a metal oxide glass produced by a sol-gel method, and the inorganic layered compound is preferably swelling synthetic mica. A method of producing a film includes the steps of: hydrolyzing, dehydrating, and condensing an organic metal compound to obtain a reaction product; adding and dispersing the inorganic layered compound in the reaction product; coating the reaction product containing the inorganic layered compound on a substrate surface; and heating the substrate surface coated with the reaction product at a temperature of not more than 200° C. to vitrify the reaction product.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cerium oxide particulate composition and a process for preparing a cerium oxide particulate composition comprising aggregates of approximately spherical primary particles of cerium oxide. The method involves preparing a solution of a cerium oxide precursor, aerosolizing the cerium oxide precursor solution, and heating the aerosol to provide the cerium oxide particle composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides a coating composition for substrates. The coating composition of the present invention generally includes a silicate binder and a plurality of photocatalytic particles. The silicate binder functions as a bonding agent to establish the coating on the substrate. A plurality of photocatalyst particles are dispersed throughout the silicate binder. The particles are included in an amount that provides sufficient distribution of the particles in the resulting coating. The incorporation of the present invention onto substrates prevents algal growth on building materials utilizing the coated substrates.

Abstract: Use of photocatalytic preparations of colloidal titanium dioxide optionally doped with a metal chosen from groups I-VA, and the lanthanide and actinide series of the periodic table, for preserving the original appearance of cementitious, stone, and marble products.

Abstract: A nanocomposite having titanium aluminum carbon nitride and amorphous carbon is disclosed, and the nanocomposite comprises a titanium aluminum carbon nitride grain of nanometer scale and an amorphous carbon matrix, wherein the titanium aluminum carbon nitride grain of nanometer scale is embedded into the amorphous carbon matrix. The method for coating the nanocomposite of titanium aluminum carbon nitride-amorphous carbon on a substrate comprises: depositing the substrate in a reaction chamber; and igniting plasma to clean and remove an oxide layer and adsorptive on the substrate; injecting a reaction gas. The reaction gas is activated and thermal decomposed by plasma to form the nanocomposite coating layer of titanium aluminum carbon nitride-amorphous carbon on the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous dispersion containing at least two powder types selected from one or more metal oxide powders and/or one or more non-metal oxide powder. The present invention also provides a coating composition containing this dispersion, an inkjet recording medium containing the coating composition, and methods of making the same.

Abstract: A thermal spray powder of the present invention includes particles composed of molybdenum disulfide, and a coating layer provided on the surface of each of the particles. The coating layer is composed of a metal that is softened or melted at a temperature lower than the heat decomposition temperature of the molybdenum disulfide. The coating layer is preferably composed of copper. The thermal spray powder suppresses heat decomposition of the molybdenum disulfide contained in the thermal spray powder during thermal spraying.

Abstract: The sheet resistance of titanium oxide film can be controlled in 109 to 1013 &OHgr;/□ by coating a titanium oxide film on a substrate by sputtering a target containing metallic titanium under an atmosphere at reduced pressure and then subjecting the film to heat treatment under and oxidizing, inert or reducing atmosphere, depending on the oxygen-deficient state of the film. It is possible that a small amount of niobium oxide is contained in the titanium oxide, or a niobium oxide film is provided as an underlying film.

Abstract: This invention relates to an article having a substrate with a photocatalyst coating film formed thereon by ae sputtering method, characterized in that the photocatalyst coating film comprises titanium oxide as a main component and at least one kind of metal having a sputtering rate for Ar being 0.9 to 2.7 times that of Ti, preferably at least one kind of metal selected from the group consisting of Fe, V, Mo, Nb, Al and Cr, in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt % in terms of the sum of such metals. The coating film is formed by a method using a Ti metal sputtering target or a Ti sub-oxide sputtering target containing the metal in an amount of 0.01 to 10 wt % in terms of the sum of such metals, or a method using two kinds of targets for two sputtering cathodes and applying reversing potential so as to have a cathode and an anode alternately.

Abstract: The invention relates to novel soluble pigment precursors possessing not only higher thermal stability but also improved solubility characteristics and to a process for mass colouration of high temperature polymers that utilizes these novel soluble pigment precursors.

Abstract: A doped Cadmium Oxide (CdO) film has been developed for use in applications requiring conductive, films which are highly transparent to IR radiation. Suitable dopants for the film include any of the Group III elements, namely Boron, Aluminum, Gallium, Indium, or Thallium.

Abstract: A heat-dissipating aqueous coating composition and a method for making more comfortable the inner temperature of buildings, housings and the like, by applying a thin layer of said aqueous composition on the exterior surfaces of roofs and walls, which composition dissipates heat from said roofs and walls through evaporation of water which is absorbed from ambient air by a hygroscopic material contained in said composition. The absorption-evaporation cycle is repeated through the daily natural relative changes of relative humidity of ambient air following the heating and cooling cycles of said roofs and walls exposed to solar radiation. The aqueous composition contributes to savings in energy consumption of air conditioning equipment and may be applied with excellent adherence and durability over exterior surfaces of concrete, metallic sheet and other materials.

Abstract: Monazite or xenotime-based blanket coatings that stiffen ceramic fabrics without causing embrittlement at temperatures of at least as high as 2400° F. are provided. Methods for making the coatings are also provided. The methods comprise the synthesis of high purity, monazite and xenotime powders with the stoichiometric ratio of metal to phosphorous of about 1:1.

Abstract: Compositions and methods for destroying biological agents such as toxins and bacteria are provided wherein the substance to be destroyed is contacted with finely divided metal oxide or hydroxide nanocrystals. In various embodiments, the metal oxide or metal hydroxide nanocrystals have reactive atoms stabilized on their surfaces, species adsorbed on their surfaces, or are coated with a second metal oxide. The desired metal oxide or metal hydroxide nanocrystals can be pressed into pellets for use when a powder is not feasible. Preferred metal oxides for the methods include MgO, SrO, BaO, CaO, TiO2, ZrO2, FeO, V2O3, V2O5, Mn2O3, Fe2O3, NiO, CuO, Al2O3, SiO2, ZnO, Ag2O, [Ce(NO3)3—Cu(NO3)2]TiO2, Mg(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, Al(OH)3, Sr(OH)2, Ba(OH)2, Fe(OH)3, Cu(OH)3, Ni(OH)2, Co(OH)2, Zn(OH)2, AgOH, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous dispersion containing at least two powder types selected from one or more metal oxide powders and/or one or more non-metal oxide powder. The present invention also provides a coating composition containing this dispersion, an inkjet recording medium containing the coating composition, and methods of making the same.

Abstract: The invention discloses a material and an efficient method for the formation of a thermal-spray coating layer of a rare earth fluoride by a process of thermal-spray coating by using a unique thermal spray powder consisting of granules of the rare earth fluoride having a specified average particle diameter. The thermal-spray granules are prepared by granulating primary particles of the rare earth fluoride having a specified average particle diameter from an aqueous slurry containing a binder resin and subjecting the granules to a calcination treatment at a temperature not higher than 600° C.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating liquid for forming a transparent conductive film, comprising conductive fine particles having an average particle diameter of 1 to 200 nm, silica particles having an average particle diameter of 4 to 200 nm and a polar solvent. The silica particles are in the form of chain silica particles having 2 to 10 silica particles on an average being connected. The content of an alkali in the silica particles is not more than 1000 ppm in terms of an alkali metal M.

Abstract: A liquid composition is formed into a coating layer state in which negative ions are steadily released. The liquid composition includes a finely powdered mineral that generates negative ions mixed with a binder liquid that is conductive and/or a binder liquid in which a conductive substance is dispersed.

Abstract: Inorganic resin compositions comprising, in combination, an aqueous solution of metal phosphate, an oxy-boron compound, a wollastonite compound and other optional additives, inorganic composite articles and products reinforced by fillers and fibers including glass fibers obtained from these compositions and processes for preparing said products.