Abstract: A pearlescent pigment based on a metal oxide-coated, platelet-shaped substrate and a top layer on the metal oxide layer, where the top layer comprises silicon dioxide, at least one further metal hydroxide or metal oxide hydrate and at least one organic coupling reagent. The further metal hydroxides or metal oxide hydrates are hydroxides or oxide hydrates of cerium, aluminum or zirconium, or mixtures thereof. The coupling reagents employed are organofunctional silanes, zirconium aluminates or metal acid esters.

Abstract: The present invention relates to surface-modified pigments based on platelet-like substrates which, for improving the settling and redispersion behavior, have been recoated with a mixture comprising two metal oxides selected from the group consisting of silica, alumina and zirconium dioxide.

Abstract: The invention relates to a pigment mixture containing a component A composed of at least one platelet-shaped interference pigment and a pigment B composed of at least one platelet-shaped color pigment.

Abstract: An aggregated synthetic hydrotalcite having a substantially spheroidal shape and an average diameter of up to about 60 .mu.m is disclosed. The aggregates are composed of individual platy particles having plate diameters of from about 0.05 to about 10 .mu.m. The material has a low tapped density, a high pore volume and a high specific surface area. A process for producing the product is also disclosed. Product particle size is determined by controlling process parameters including reaction temperature and pH, stirring speed of the reaction mixture, and reactant addition rates and concentrations, including aqueous solutions of soluble magnesium and aluminum salts, which are mixed in a molar ratio of from about 2.5:1 to 4:1, and a basic solution containing excess carbonate and base to maintain the reaction mixture at a pH of from about 8.5 to about 9.5.

Abstract: A pearlescent pigment comprising micaceous particles having an adherent layer of rutile titanium dioxide thereon is prepared by effecting the deposition of hydrous titanium dioxide on the micaceous particles in the presence of iron and calcium, magnesium and/or zinc ions without the use of tin.

Abstract: Luster pigments comprise coated plateletlike substrates wherein the coating comprises a layer comprising bismuth vanadate.

Abstract: The application relates to deagglomerated and readily dispersible platelet-like substrates with a high degree of softness, which are characterized by a content of 0.5-20% by weight of spherical particles having a small diameter in comparison with the platelet-like substrate, and to a process for their preparation and their use.

Abstract: Disclosed are a flaky pigment in which the surfaces of fine flaky grains, as a pigment base, have been coated with ultra-fine barium sulfate grains having a mean grain size of 0.1 .mu.m or less. The pigment is produced by a process comprising reacting:(a) an aqueous solution containing a complexing agent capable of forming a complex compound with barium ion, as dissolved therein;(b) an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble barium compound as dissolved therein; and(c) an aqueous solution containing sulfate ion. The invention involves this method of preparing the flaky pigment, and use of the pigment in pigment coloration of cosmetics, top coats for cars, plastics, printing inks, domestic electrical appliances, coating materials and coating paints for building materials.

Abstract: There are described luster pigments based on metal oxide-coated aluminum platelets wherein the substrate aluminum platelets have a total carbon content <0.1% by weight, and the preparation and use of these pigments.

Abstract: Luster pigments useful for coloring paints, printing inks, plastics, glasses, ceramic products and decorative cosmetic preparations are based on multiply coated plateletlike metallic substrates comprisingA) a first, colorless or selectively absorbing layer of metal oxide,B) a second, nonselectively absorbing layer of carbon, metal and/or metal oxide, andC) if desired a third, colorless or selectively absorbing layer of metal oxide.

Abstract: The present invention relates to platelet-like pigments of dark surface color and to their preparation process and use.

Abstract: Metal pigment particles which are treated with both a heteropoly anion compound and a phosphosilicate pigment compound show increased stability against attack by water. The particles are especially useful in aqueous coating compositions.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of light-colored, electrically conductive pigments based on substrates having an expansion of not more than 500 .mu.m, which pigments consist of one or more metals, metal oxides or materials containing metal oxide, silicon oxide or silicate materials and contain, if desired above one or more other metal oxide and/or silicon oxide layers, an outer layer based on halogen-doped tin oxide and/or titanium oxide.

Abstract: The application relates to pigments based on plate-like substrates which, if desired, are covered with one or more layers comprising metal oxides or metal oxide mixtures, zinc oxide being deposited on the surface of the substrates with the formation of a not entirely continuous layer.

Abstract: The invention relates to pigments based on platelet-like substrates substantially composed of nitridic material and coated with at least one dye and/or one metal oxide, and to processes for their preparation and also to their use in cosmetic preparations.

Abstract: The invention provides a flaky pigment comprising particles of a flaky substrate and particles of a pigment or dye, whereby said flaky pigment is in the form of an ordered mixture. The invention also involves preparation of the pigment by a process comprising subjecting said substrate and said pigment or dye to high speed stirring in the absence of a liquid medium.

Abstract: The invention relates to conductive flaky pigments for which a flaky substrate has been coated with an electrically conductive layer, characterized in that the conductive layer comprises a metal oxide pigment layer which is interspersed with carbon black particles and which has at the same time been doped with additional metal oxide particles.

Abstract: There is disclosed an electrically conductive pigment containing 20 to 95% by weight of a component A comprising one or more conductive platelet-like pigments and 5 to 80% by weight of a component B comprising one or more conductive needle-shaped or fibrous pigments.

Abstract: A process for coating the surface of pigment and filler particles with an oleaginous and cosmetically functional material, characterized in that an aqueous suspension of the pigment or filler is mixed with an emulsion of said oleaginous material to be coated onto the surface of pigment or filler particles, followed by adding a component capable of breaking the emulsion to the thus obtained mixture, whereby the emulsified material coalesces onto the surface of the pigment or filler particles. The thus obtained pigments or fillers exhibit excellent properties when used in cosmetics.

Abstract: The invention is interference pigments having improved covering power and high luster based on platelet-shaped substrates which, if desired, are coated with one or more films comprising one or more metal oxides and are obtainable by adding an aqueous carbon black dispersion and a solution of one or more metal salts to an aqueous suspension of the substrate at a pH suitable for hydrolysis of a film comprising the metal oxide(s) or hydroxide(s) and containing carbon black, in which the product obtained, after being separated off and, if desired, after washing and drying, is ignited at 700.degree.-900.degree. C. in an oxygen-containing atmosphere, during which carbon oxides escape.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are an ultraviolet-screening scale pigment comprising scale-like inorganic particles and a zinc oxide coating layer of 50 to 250 wt% (calculated as ZnO) based on the scale-like inorganic particles, a water content of said zinc oxide coating layer being not more than 7 wt%; a process for producing the scale pigment; and cosmetics containing the scale pigment.

Abstract: A natural composition for preventing the growth of barnacles, grass, worms and the like on the hull of a boat or ship. The natural, powdered crustacean shell-based composition makes it easy to remove slime and scum formation and is safe to use on all boats or ships, including aluminum and steel. The natural composition incorporates pulverized, powdered, complete crustacean shells as the active ingredient, namely powdered mussel shells or the like.

Abstract: Articles and methods for forming optically variable thin film flakes and replicated coatings having preselected optical properties. The articles generally comprise a flexible web of material and an optically variable thin film coating formed on one surface of the web. The optically variable coating is separated from the web to form optically variable thin film flakes. The flakes are disposed in ink and paint vehicles to provide optically variable inks, paints and the like.

Abstract: A pigment comprising leaf-like substrates particles having a particle size of 0.5 to 100 .mu.m, whereby the surface of said particles is covered with a metal oxide comprising titanium oxide and zirconium oxide in a molar ratio of 10:1 to 10:15 within a range of from 20 wt. % to 60 wt. % based on the total weight of the pigment possesses good adhesion and spreadability and has an effect of preventing ultraviolet rays and infrared rays.

Abstract: The invention relates to carbon-containing plate-like pigments, obtainable by pyrolysis of carbon-containing compounds in the presence of either plate-like metal oxides or metal oxide mixtures or plate-like substrates coated with titanium dioxide and at least one further metal oxide under conditions in which the metal of the metal oxide is reduced.

Abstract: A pearlescent pigment comprising a platelet-shaped substrate coated with titanium dioxide, an oxide of copper, and optionally oxides of aluminum, and/or zinc, whereby the pigment is silver-gray.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing a pastel containing a pearl pigment therein by extrusion molding. The method comprises preparing a molding material composed of a mixture comprising a pearl pigment in an amount of 30-93% by weight, a coloring pigment in an amount of 0-16% by weight, a first extender selected from bentonite and montmorillonite in an amount of 7-47% by weight, and a second extender other than the first in an amount of 0-13% by weight, and water in an amount sufficient to render the molding material plastic and moldable, and extrusion-molding and drying the material.

Abstract: Iron oxides in the form of platelets are produced by hydrothermal treatment of aqueous suspensions containing iron(III) hydroxide or oxide hydrates in the presence of alkali metal hydroxides and of aluminum and/or silicon compounds in two stages. The normality of the alkali is from 0 2 to 2 N in the first stage and is increased by from 0.2 to 2.5 in the second stage.The two-stage process according to the invention makes it possible to produce hematite pigments which are in the form of platelets, have increased luster, larger particle diameter, improved dispersibility and color hues which can be adjusted as desired.

Abstract: A process for forming chemically aggregated composite porous bulking pigments for use in paper filling and coating formulations. An aqueous slurry is formed of feed mineral particles selected from one or more members of the group consisting of kaolin, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, gypsum, and mica. A high molecular weight carboxyl-containing polymer or copolymer is added to the slurry to flocculate the mineral particles. An excess of calcium ion is added to the flocced slurry to precipitate the calcium salt of the carboxyl-containing polymer in situ on the feed mineral flocs, and thereby form aggregates of feed mineral particles interconnected by the calcium salt and having a bulk, porous, floc structure. Gaseous carbon dioxide is added to the slurry, and reacts with remaining calcium ion to precipitate calcium carbonate onto the polymeric carboxyl calcium salt. This forms additional light scattering voids or pores and strengthens the connections among the flocced feed particles.

Abstract: Articles and methods for forming optically variable thin film flakes and replicated coatings having preselected optical properties. The articles generally comprise a flexible web of material and an optically variable thin film coating formed on one surface of the web. The optically variable coating is separated from the web to form optically variable thin film flakes. The flakes are disposed in ink and paint vehicles to provide optically variable inks, paints and the like.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bluish green pigment comprising a flaky fine powder as a substrate, in which the substrate is coated with a metal oxide composite composed of oxides of magnesium, calcium, cobalt and titanium in a coated amount of from 5 to 70% by weight on the basis of the total pigment.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a display composition which comprises a dye and a clay mineral in which quaternary ammonium ions are bound between layers through ion exchange, said display composition undergoing reversible color development and color fading through the oxidation and reduction of said dye, the oxidation causing said dye to form a color and to be bound between the layers of said clay mineral through ion exchange with said quaternary ammonium ions, the reduction causing the dye to discolor and to be desorbed out of the interlaminar space of the clay mineral and also causing the quaternary ammonium ions to be bound again between the layers through ion exchange. Disclosed also herein are a coloring pigment and recording material which employ the display composition.

Abstract: Effect pigments based on interference pigments coated with phthalocyanine or metal phthalocyanine dyes, characterized in that the dyes are applied to the pigments as a strongly adhering film without the aid of binders or other auxiliary materials, are outstandingly suitable for use in formulations such as paints, dyes, plastics and cosmetics.

Abstract: Disclosed is an aqueous metallic coating composition which significantly reduces the production of hydrogen gas and does not have the problems which are brought about from hydrophobic segments. The composition can be stored for a long period of time and provide a metallic coating having good appearance and film properties (e.g. water resistance and adhesive properties with substrates). The aqueous coating composition of the present invention comprises(a) an acryl resin having a number average molecular weight of 1,000 to 50,000, an acid value of 15 to 200 and a hydroxyl value of 20 to 200, prepared by copolymerizing an ethylenic monomer and a phosphate monomer represented by ##STR1## [wherein X represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Y represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms and n is an integer of 3 to 30.] and(b) a pigment;the acryl resin being present in an amount of 2 to 500 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the pigment.

Abstract: A pigment coating formulation for use in cosmetics and method of application to pigments is disclosed. The combination of a carboxylic acid and a metal salt of a carboxylic acid provides for an improved coating and advantages in pigment suspension, dispersion and product stability in nail polish.

Abstract: A new pigment mixture consisting of 40-80% by weight calcium carbonate and/or dolomite and 20-60% by weight talc or 20-60% of a talc-kaolin mixture or 20-60% by weight of a talc-mica mixture gives substantial improvements in the use in the paper industry, in particular in the production of lightweight coated rotogravure papers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flaky extender pigment formed by adsorbing a titanium oxide hydrate having a mean grain size of from 0.1 to 0.5 .mu.m on the surface of a flaky substrate and then further coating a titanium oxide hydrate having a mean grain size of less than 0.1 .mu.m.

Abstract: Stable vermiculite dispersions which are substantially free of settling and a method of preparing same are provided. The dispersions are obtained by treating the vermiculite platelets of which the dispersion is comprised with an anionic chelating agent. The anionic chelating agent enhances the rate and degree of swelling of the vermiculite in an aqueous medium. The swollen vermiculite is delaminated by shearing to provide the inventive dispersions.

Abstract: The present invention concerns synthetic mica powder containing from 75 to 99% of the stoichiometrical composition of fluorine and/or having a shape in which the end face of particle is laminated, process for producing such synthetic mica powder, as well as cosmetics having synthetic mica powder blended therewith, in which the synthetic mica powder shows no leaching of fluorine ions and/or improved hold of oils due to lamination at the surface of powder. Accordingly, in this invention, cosmetics excellent in extensibility, gloss, adherence and modability, having appearance of high chroma and of high stability and safety can be obtained.

Abstract: A method of decreasing the expansion temperature and improving the expansion characteristics of vermiculite ore comprising subjecting vermiculite ore containing interlamellar cations to a potassium nitrate solution for a time interval sufficient to ion-exchange interlamellar cations within said ore with potassium ions. Subsequent to this ion exchange the low temperature expandable vermiculite may be expanded by heating in an oven, or incorporated in an intumescent material and heat expanded in situ, or expanded by other heating means. An intumescent sheet is provided which may be used for mounting automotive catalytic converter monoliths comprising an unexpanded vermiculite produced by the method of the invention; an inorganic fibrous material; and a binder.

Abstract: A phosphate-containing synthetic hydrotalcite of the following empirical formula:xMgO.Al.sub.2 O.sub.3.yPO.sub.4.zH.sub.2 Owherein, x, y and z are integers indicating the number of moles present of MgO, PO.sub.4 and H.sub.2 O, respectively. The phosphate-containing hydrotalcite being prepared by the addition of sufficient phosphoric acid to the reaction mixture to liberate carbon dioxide. The phosphate-containing hydrotalcite improves the flame retardant characteristics by providing char promotion to the system.

Abstract: Optically variable ink for obtaining a color shaft between two distinct two colors at first and second angles of incident light comprised of an ink vehicle and optically variable flakes disposed in the ink vehicle. The optically variable flakes are comprised of a multilayer thin film interference structure having first and second parallel planar surfaces. The optically variable flakes have physical dimensions such that when the flakes are measured in directions parallel and perpendicular respectively to the planar surfaces an aspect ratio of at least 2 to 1 is provided. The multilayer thin film structure is of symmetrical design and includes a metal reflector having first and second surfaces parallel to the first and second parallel planar surfaces and at least one period disposed on each of said first and second surfaces of the metal reflector. Each period is comprised of a dielectric layer with an index of refraction of 1.65 or less and a semi-opaque layer.

Abstract: Pearl luster pigments based on mica flakes coated with metal oxides are provided with a top coating of tin dioxide and/or cerium dioxide to improve their stability in glazes and enamels.

Abstract: A method is disclsed for surface improving sheet-like substrates to impart them with a marbleized effect. A transfer sheet is pressed on the substrate at elevated temperatures. The transfer sheet is comprised of superimposed layers of synthetic resin. The resin layer closest to the backing of the transfer sheet is devoid of pigments, while the resin layer adjacent the pigment free layer comprises 2 to 40% by weight, calculated on the amount of resin, of a flake-like pigment. The pressing of the transfer sheet against the substrate is carried out with a press tool devoid of surface pattern and having a generally flat press surface.

Abstract: The application relates to a preferably golden color luster pigment based on lamellar substrates, in particular mica, which have been coated with metal oxides, the metal oxide layer containing both titanium and iron and the pigment containing mainly a pseudobrookite layer formed by simultaneous precipitation of the metal oxides. This golden color luster pigment is suitable for cosmetic articles because of its physiological acceptability and is particularly suitable for silicate melts because of its resistance to heat and chemicals.

Abstract: The weatherability and lightfastness of TiO.sub.2 coated micaceous iron oxide (MIO) pigment may be improved by transforming the TiO.sub.2 present in the coating layer to rutile TiO.sub.2. Further improvement in the weatherability and lightfastness may be achieved by coating the pigment with an oxide of Cr, V, Mo, Al or a mixture thereof and/or a hydrous oxide of Cr or V, or a combination of two or more hydrous oxides of Cr, V, Al and Si.

Abstract: The invention relates to lamina-shaped pearlescent pigment preparations of improved flowability, wherein the starting pigments have been coated with preferably 0.2-20% by weight of a saturated monocarboxylic acid having 10.degree.-25.degree. C. atoms or of a cyclohexanone condensate resin.

Abstract: Metallically bright reflection pigments comprising a substrate of plateletlike aluminum and coatings of titanium oxides applied on top of the substrate are used for coloring paints, plastics, printing inks, ceramic articles, glasses and cosmetic products.

Abstract: A mineral particulate is disclosed selected from the group consisting of metal carbonates, glass fibers and layered lattice silicates, comprising particles of said mineral, the surface of which have been modified by a polymer synthesized in situ in the presence of a reactive gas selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; said particulate having a predetermined particle size distribution which substantially corresponds to the particle size distribution of the surface-unmodified feed particulate from which the product particulate is produced.

Abstract: Flaky colored pigment comprising fine flaky powder as base material, and zinc oxide and an inorganic color pigment attached to the surface thereof.