Abstract: In order to provide a filler for degradable plastics which can simplify the stages for producing a degradable plastic, give effective plastic-degradability, and stabilize the quality of the plastic article, the filler is used as a carrier substance and effective biodegradable and/or photodegradable components are adsorbed on the surfaces of the filler particles via a surface treating agent.

Abstract: A composite pigment product useful as a paper filler pigment comprises a mineral nucleus coated with a substantially continuous substantially uniform coating of an active paper pigment. The active paper pigment coating is preferably formed in situ under alkaline conditions.

Abstract: There is provided a composite oxide represented by the formulaiR.sub.2 O.jAl.sub.2 O.sub.3.kTiO.sub.2.mSiO.sub.2.nH.sub.2 Owherein R denotes an alkali metal, i is 0.3 to 1, k is 0 to 0.9, j+k=1, m is 7 to 70 and n is 0.2 to 0.4,said composite oxide being amorphous, and its cumulative specific pore volume of pores having a pore radius of 10.sup.4 A or less being 2.0 to 3.0 cc/g. This composite oxide can be produced by a process which comprises a first reaction step of adding an acid aqueous solution capable of forming a silicate by reaction with an alkali silicate to 7 to 10% by weight, calculated as silica, of an alkali silicate aqueous solution in the presence of a salt at 10.degree. to 45.degree. C. such that a neutralization ratio becomes 20 to 40%, and a second reaction step of heating the reaction solution obtained in the above reaction at a temperature of 90.degree. C.

Abstract: A method for preparing a calcined kaolin clay powder having good high shear rheology in high solids aqueous slurries. A kaolin clay powder of fine particle size is calcined at a sufficient temperature and for a sufficient period to destroy the crystallinity thereof; and the calcined product is dry milled in a media mill, using a work input of from 100 to 160 hp-hr/ton of dry clay.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing a pastel containing a pearl pigment therein by extrusion molding. The method comprises preparing a molding material composed of a mixture comprising a pearl pigment in an amount of 30-93% by weight, a coloring pigment in an amount of 0-16% by weight, a first extender selected from bentonite and montmorillonite in an amount of 7-47% by weight, and a second extender other than the first in an amount of 0-13% by weight, and water in an amount sufficient to render the molding material plastic and moldable, and extrusion-molding and drying the material.

Abstract: A process for upgrading a crude bentonite ore such that it can be used advantageously to prepare unusually high aqueous solution viscosities. This sequence comprises initially subjecting the crude ore to a working or shearing stage, followed by a drying step to about a 5% moisture level. Na.sub.2 CO.sub.3 is then dry-blended with the material, and the sequence is completed by subjecting the mix to a pulverizing step.

Abstract: A process for forming chemically aggregated composite porous bulking pigments for use in paper filling and coating formulations. An aqueous slurry is formed of feed mineral particles selected from one or more members of the group consisting of kaolin, calcium carbonate, titanium dioxide, gypsum, and mica. A high molecular weight carboxyl-containing polymer or copolymer is added to the slurry to flocculate the mineral particles. An excess of calcium ion is added to the flocced slurry to precipitate the calcium salt of the carboxyl-containing polymer in situ on the feed mineral flocs, and thereby form aggregates of feed mineral particles interconnected by the calcium salt and having a bulk, porous, floc structure. Gaseous carbon dioxide is added to the slurry, and reacts with remaining calcium ion to precipitate calcium carbonate onto the polymeric carboxyl calcium salt. This forms additional light scattering voids or pores and strengthens the connections among the flocced feed particles.

Abstract: Finely divided mica based pigments coated with about 5-20% by weight, based on the weight of the pigment, of an alkylene glycol alkyl ether that can be added directly to a coating composition and blended with the coating composition and a process for coating the pigment with the alkylene glycol alkyl ether and blending the coated pigment into a coating composition.

Abstract: An improved process for producing a aggregated kaolin pigment having desired physical and optical characteristics when used as a coating, filler or pigment in paper. The aggregated pigment is produced by mixing an aqueous slurry of a fine particle kaolin with a previously hydrolyzed organic silicon compound, such as hydrolyzed tetraethoxysilane, and then spray drying the mixture to form a dry, chemically aggregated kaolin pigment.

Abstract: A process for producing a high brightness, high solids kaolin clay aqueous slurry. An aqueous low solids suspension of crude kaolin clay is degritted, and subjected to a particle size classification. The aqueous suspension of the fine particle fraction is acidified to a pH of 5.0 or lower to produce an acid flocculated suspension which is treated with a bleaching agent to reduce ferric ion impurities to ferrous ion impurities. A ferrous ion chelating agent is added to the bleached acid flocculated suspension after which an alkaline agent is added to raise the pH to a level greater than 5.0 to form a dispersed aqueous suspension of the beneficiated kaolin. The dispersed suspension is then subjected to membrane filtration to partially dewater same, and additional water is thermally evaporated from the partially dewatered dispersed kaolin suspension to produce the high solids product suspension.

Abstract: A high opacity, high light scattering filler pigment for use in wood-containing paper manufacture, comprising by weight 25 to 50% of a fine particle size hydrous kaolin which has been defined as to have particle size distribution such that less than 20% by weight are of less than 0.3 .mu.m E.S.D. and substantially the balance being a fine particle size calcined kaolin.

Abstract: A chemical process is described for removing ferric iron present in submarginal quantities in concentrates of kaolin, quartz, titanium minerals, ceramic minerals for glass, paper and electronics use and other materials of industrial interest by which ferric iron is reduced to ferrous iron using acid solutions, possibly in the presence of low concentrations of sugars containing 5 or more carbon atoms.

Abstract: A low brightness pigment and method is provided from a heretofore rejected waste kaolin stream. Kaolin processing rejects are high in iron-stained TiO.sub.2. After separating the stained TiO.sub.2 from the high brightness kaolin and concentrating the resulting fraction, the material can be processed to produce a low brightness pigment suitable of many applications where lower brightness is desirable, such as coating paper board without mottling.

Abstract: Sodium Aluminosilicates (SAMS) are produced by silicate/clay reactions under hydrothermal conditions, the SAMS being characterized by low oil absorption values and high total pore volumes. The SAMS products are useful as coating pigments for paper, paper fillers and paint pigments.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for producing a pastel containing a fluorescent pigment therein by extrusion molding. The method comprises preparing a molding material composed of a mixture comprising a fluorescent pigment in an amount of 20-60% by weight, montmorillonite group minerals or clay mainly composed of montmorillonite group minerals as a first extender in an amount of 5-17% by weight, a second extender other than the first in an amount of 35-70% by weight, and a wetting agent in an amount of 0-6% by weight, based on the mixture, and water in an amount sufficient to render the molding material plastic and moldable, and extrusion-molding and drying the material.

Abstract: Fillers and pigments, such as clay, titanium dioxide, calcium carbonate, silicas, and silicoaluminates, can be rendered cationic by treating the fillers or pigments with the reaction product of a polyamine or polyamide and epichlorohydrin. The resulting water soluble cationic fillers or pigments are useful in the paper industry as fillers for paper and can also be utilized in coating paper.

Abstract: Paper coating pigments comprising mechanically delaminated kaolin particles. The pigments possess the opacification, smoothness and printability advantages of conventional delaminated kaolin pigments but have desirably low viscosity and gloss not characteristic of conventional delaminated kaolin pigments.

Abstract: The invention relates to a bluish green pigment comprising a flaky fine powder as a substrate, in which the substrate is coated with a metal oxide composite composed of oxides of magnesium, calcium, cobalt and titanium in a coated amount of from 5 to 70% by weight on the basis of the total pigment.

Abstract: High performance synthetic sodium aluminosilicate compositions, and the method of making the same by the hydrothermal reaction of certain delaminated kaolin clays with select sodium silicate reagents, result in enhanced performance flatting agents for paint systems and anti-block agents for plastic film applications.

Abstract: A high opacity, defined kaolin clay product having a relatively narrow particle size distribution, low colloidal particle content and an average particle surface area of less than about 30 square meters per gram is prepared by defining an aqueous kaolin clay slurry via controlled centrifugation to remove a substantial portion of the colloidal particles therein. Prior to being subjected to centrifugation, the aqueous kaolin clay slurry is prepared so as to improve the defining process achieved via centrifugation by first subjecting the aqueous kaolin clay suspension to scrub grinding so as to break up agglomerates into individual kaolin clay particles without substantial delamination of the kaolin clay particles.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a display composition which comprises a dye and a clay mineral in which quaternary ammonium ions are bound between layers through ion exchange, said display composition undergoing reversible color development and color fading through the oxidation and reduction of said dye, the oxidation causing said dye to form a color and to be bound between the layers of said clay mineral through ion exchange with said quaternary ammonium ions, the reduction causing the dye to discolor and to be desorbed out of the interlaminar space of the clay mineral and also causing the quaternary ammonium ions to be bound again between the layers through ion exchange. Disclosed also herein are a coloring pigment and recording material which employ the display composition.

Abstract: Novel hydrous kaolin pigments comprising a major weight percent of a conventional hydrous kaolin pigment and a minor amount of a specific form of added discrete iron oxide, specifically magnetite, uniformly physically admixed therewith. Pigments of the invention have brightness values of about 78% to 85% and "b" values in the range of -1 to +4.

Abstract: Novel titania-calcined kaolin composite pigments wherein structuring and adhesion of titania and calcined kaolin particles is achieved by use of a cationic polyelectrolyte. Methods for compositing titania and calcined kaolin pigments which feature the presence of at least one polyanionic dispersant (such as sodium polyacrylate, sodium silicate, sodium condensed phosphate or mixtures thereof) in the pigment slurry into which cationic polyelectrolyte is introduced and the use of strongly alkaline pH (e.g., above 9).

Abstract: A method for forming a hydrothermally aggregated kaolin clay pigment, comprising: preparing an aqueous slurry of a particulate kaolin clay, sodium silicate, and finely divided calcium carbonate, having a total solids concentration of from about 10 to 20% by weight; the non-aqueous components including 60 to 80 parts per hundred by weight of said kaolin and from 10 to 20 pph by weight each of said sodium silicate and said calcium carbonate; and hydrothermally treating said slurry in a closed system to form aggregates of adherent kaolin platelets.

Abstract: A low brightness pigment and method is provided from a heretofore rejected waste kaolin stream. Kaolin processing rejects are high in iron-stained TiO.sub.2. After separating the stained TiO.sub.2 from the high brightness kaolin and concentrating the resulting fraction, the material can be processed to produce a low brightness pigment suitable of many applications where lower brightness is desirable, such as coating paper board without mottling.

Abstract: In a method of preparing a treated clay product, clay is heated such that kalinite in the clay is converted to metakaolin, substantially no mullite being formed. The treated product may be combined with raw ball clay and/or china clay to provide compositions suitable for use in manufacturing china articles. The casting compositions enable the casting step to be accelerated and are particularly suitable for use in pressurized casting methods.

Abstract: The bulk handling characteristics of a calcined kaolin clay powder, including the bulk density and flowability, are significantly improved by forming an aqueous slurry of the calcined kaolin clay powder and spray drying the slurry.

Abstract: A new pigment mixture consisting of 40-80% by weight calcium carbonate and/or dolomite and 20-60% by weight talc or 20-60% of a talc-kaolin mixture or 20-60% by weight of a talc-mica mixture gives substantial improvements in the use in the paper industry, in particular in the production of lightweight coated rotogravure papers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to slurries of synthetic alkali metal silicates with fine particles kaolin clay. The slurries consists of at least 50% solids which solids comprise an approximately 50:50 combination of the fine kaolin clay and the synthetic alkali metal silicate (SAMS). The integrated composition of the SAMS products is an entity having an overall composition ofxM.sub.2 O:Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 :ySiO.sub.2 Owhere x is the number of moles of alkali metal oxide and is an integer from 0.01 to 2.0, M is an alkali metal, y is the number of miles of SiO.sub.2 in the unique SAMS composition, and z is the number of moles of bound water and is an integer ranging from 1.0 to 5.0. The composition essentially comprises altered kaolin clay platelets with an integral rim or protuberance of essentially amorphous alkali metal silicate-kaolin reaction product. The slurry is useful in latex paint systems.

Abstract: This invention relates to pigmented cosmetic products in cake, cream, liquid or stick form such as eye shadows, foundations, mascaras and moisturizers.

Abstract: Stable vermiculite dispersions which are substantially free of settling and a method of preparing same are provided. The dispersions are obtained by treating the vermiculite platelets of which the dispersion is comprised with an anionic chelating agent. The anionic chelating agent enhances the rate and degree of swelling of the vermiculite in an aqueous medium. The swollen vermiculite is delaminated by shearing to provide the inventive dispersions.

Abstract: An improved thickening agent suitable for paper coating applications is a fluid suspension of 35 to 55 parts CMC or similar water soluble polymer in 40 to 55 parts fatty acid with 1 to 5 parts clay and up to 20 parts emulsifier. Handling convenience and thickening performance are improved.

Abstract: Composite white pigments composed of titanium dioxide (TiO.sub.2) and kaolin are prepared by subjecting kaolin slurry to spray drying with injected gas to promote droplet fluffing and fragmentation. The slurry contains a hydrocolloid suspending agent and a cationic reagent for making the kaolin particles cationic. The frangible dry material thus produced can be blended with TiO.sub.2 particles to produce an extended TiO.sub.2 pigment.

Abstract: The bulk handling characteristics of a calcined kaolin clay powder, including the bulk density and flowability, are significantly improved by forming an aqueous slurry of the calcined kaolin clay powder and spray drying the slurry.

Abstract: There is disclosed a particulate inorganic material, suitable for use in a detergent composition, comprising base granules of a smectite clay coated with a white inorganic material. Also disclosed is a detergent composition comprising a particulate inorganic material and a process for making the particulate inorganic material.

Abstract: Disclosed are flocced mineral materials which may be utilized to prepare high temperature resistant, water resistant articles. These materials are prepared by utilizing, as a starting material, a gellable layered swelled silicate that has an average charge per structural unit that ranges from about -0.4 to -1 and which contains interstitial cations which promote swelling with a source of at least one species of multiamine derived cations.

Abstract: An inorganic pigment comprising a content of at least 0.1% by weight and at most 5% by weight of one or more polyorganosiloxanes, wherein the polyorganosiloxanes have viscosities of 10 to 100,000 mPa.s and a relative molecular weight of 500 to 500,000, have no reactive or crosslinking groups, contain at least one C.sub.9 -C.sub.25 Si-alkyl and/or one C.sub.9 -C.sub.25 Si-aryl group per molecule, the total content of these groups in the polyorganosiloxane being 7-70% by weight and the other organic radicals contained in the polyorganosiloxane having 1 to 8 carbon atoms. Such pigments can be used in lacquers, emulsion paints, plastics, toners, magnetic recording materials, building materials and enamels.

Abstract: A stabilized aqueous suspension of calcined clay and a method for preparing the same are provided. The method involves an aqueous suspension of calcined clay containing at least 10% by weight clay, and at least 0.05% by weight of a high charge density crosslinked or uncrosslinked acid containing alkali-soluble acrylic copolymer.

Abstract: The rheology of an aqueous slurry of a calcined kaolin clay powder is significantly improved by spray drying a slurry of the calcined kaolin clay powder, recovering the spray-dried material, and forming an aqueous slurry from said spray-dried material.

Abstract: A process for preparing organic smectite applied for thickener, protective colloid, dispersant and binder. The present invention features the process for preparing the organic smectite by mixing smectite incluidng 0 to 20% by weight of interlayer water in the interlayer spaces of said smectite with organic cation-supplying substance selected from at least one of aliphatic alkylamine salts, aromatic amine salts and basic organic compound having pyridine nucleus, and/or basic organic molecule in a mixing ratio of the latter to the former of 10 to 500 milliequivalents per 100 g smectite, and stirring the resulting mixture at a temperature of 5.degree. to 50.degree. C. under an applied pressure of 0.5 to 10 kg/cm.sup.2 to cause a solid-solid reaction.

Abstract: A method is provided for reducing the abrasiveness of calcined clay, e.g., kaolin clay. The method comprises intermixing the clay prior to calcination with a finely-divided silica, preferably in the form of colloidal or fumed silica, in an amount sufficient to reduce the abrasiveness of the calcined product.

Abstract: A low-abrasion calcined kaolin opacifying pigment composed of particles in the size range of about 70 to 84% by weight finer than 2 microns and having a color defined by Hunter Trisitimulus values of "L" within the range of 92 to 94, "a" within the range of .sup.+ 1.0 to .sup.+ 2.2 and "b" within the range of .sup.+6.4 to .sup.+ 7.5. The pigment is produced by novel wet processing including high solids degritting of a high iron, high titania content Tertiary kaolin without conventional fractionation, bleaching and dewatering to isolate a fine particle size fraction, followed by spray drying, pulverization, calcination and repulverization.

Abstract: A method for forming a hydrothermally aggregated kaolin clay pigment, comprising preparing an aqueous slurry of particulate kaolin clay and sodium aluminate, having a total solids concentration of from about 2 to 25% by weight, the weight ratio between kaolin and aluminate being greater than 1; and hydrothermally treating the slurry in a closed system to form aggregates of adherent kaolin platelets.

Abstract: A mineral particulate is disclosed selected from the group consisting of metal carbonates, glass fibers and layered lattice silicates, comprising particles of said mineral, the surface of which have been modified by a polymer synthesized in situ in the presence of a reactive gas selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide; said particulate having a predetermined particle size distribution which substantially corresponds to the particle size distribution of the surface-unmodified feed particulate from which the product particulate is produced.

Abstract: Flaky colored pigment comprising fine flaky powder as base material, and zinc oxide and an inorganic color pigment attached to the surface thereof.

Abstract: A high bulking kaolin pigment is provided which exhibits improved opacifying efficiency as a paper filler. The kaolin pigment comprises an uncalcined clay composition consisting essentially of kaolin particles which have not only been treated with an amine, but also upon which aluminum hydroxide has been precipitated, and, of which less than about 20% by weight have a particle size less than 0.3 microns in equivalent spherical dimeter. Further, a method is provided for producing the pigment from a hydrated kaolin clay having a brightness of at least about 89. The selected starting clay is dispersed in water and subjected as a slurry to delamination, defining, surface treatment with an amine and aluminum sulfate, and leaching. The treated kaolin slurry is subsequently rinsed and filtered to a produce a filter cake which is redispersed to yield a commercial paper filler.

Abstract: A surface treated clay such as kaolin is prepared by a process in which the clay surface is preconditioned by treatment with gaseous hydrogen and then functionalized by reaction with a polymerizable organic moiety of an organic compound. The products are useful as fillers for rubber, resin, plastic, paper and the like.

Abstract: A method of producing a mineral such as calcium carbonate, glass fibers and layered lattice silicates which is surface modified with an organic material wherein said mineral in substantially dry, particulate form is contacted with an organic monomer, co-monomers or a prepolymer, and surface polymerization or reaction in situ on the mineral is carried out in the presence of gaseous carbon monoxide.

Abstract: A modified hydrophobic colored or magnetic pigment or filler comprising a hydrophobic pigment or filler containing from 0.05 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of the pigment or filler, of an organopolysiloxane corresponding to the formula ##STR1## wherein x=0 to 500,y=5 to 500,z=5 to 500,R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 denote, independently of one another, a saturated and/or unsaturated, unbranched or branched alkyl group haviang 1 to 4 carbon atoms and/or an aryl group having 6 to 9 carbon atoms, said aryl group being unsubstituted or alkyl substituted,R.sup.7 is a straight chained or branched alkyl group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and R.sup.7 and H each amount to at least 3% of the number of groups attached to Si.

Abstract: Colored flaky colored pigments are obtained by uniformly adhering a finely divided color pigment onto a flaky substrate by the use of an high molecular weight organic compound as a binder.