Abstract: An aqueous alkaline solution containing a tin salt dissolved therein is mixed with a zinc compound, and an aqueous solution of an indium salt is added to the mixture. The resultant hydroxide or hydrate containing tin, indium and zinc is treated by heating at a temperature of 110 to 300° C. in the present of water. Then, the resultant product is filtered, dried and treated by heating at a temperature of 300 to 1,000° C. in an air and further reduced at a temperature of 150 to 400° C. under a reducing atmosphere to obtain composite indium oxide particles of zinc oxide and tin-containing indium oxide, which have an average particle size of 5 to 100 nm. The resultant composite particles of zinc oxide and tin-containing indium oxide are suitably used to form a transparent conductive coating film having a UV-shielding effect.

Abstract: The present invention relates to pigment granules and to a process for the preparation thereof and their use.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dispersion, which contains nano-sized zinc oxide particles, a coating preparation containing the dispersion, a process for the production of the dispersion, and a coating preparation containing the dispersion, and a use of the coating preparation.

Abstract: The present invention provides a system of N?3 interference pigments, which is distinguished in that it exhibits a maximum colour gamut through specification of the optimum pigment hue angle hu, vi (i=1 to N) in the CIELUV system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to interference pigments on the basis of multiply coated, platelet-shaped substrates which comprise at least one layer sequence comprising: (A) a metal oxide coating having a refractive index n?2.0, (B) a colorless metal oxide or fluoride coating having a refractive index n?1.8, (C) a nonabsorbing metal oxide coating of high refractive index, and, wherein the pigment further comprises (D) an oxide of calcium, magnesium, or zinc. The present pigment may be used in paints, printing inks, and for producing counterfeit-protected documents of value, such as bank notes, cheques, cheque cards, credit cards, identity cards, etc.

Abstract: A dispersion containing zinc oxide particles having a dispersion particle size of (i) median volume particle diameter in the range from 70 to 130 nm, (ii) less than 16% by volume of particles having a volume diameter of less than 35 nm below the median volume particle diameter, and (iii) more than 84% by volume of particles having a volume diameter of less than 57 nm above the median volume particle diameter. The zinc oxide dispersion can be used in a sunscreen product that exhibits both effective UV protection and improved transparency. The zinc oxide is particularly suitable for use in combination with transparent titanium dioxide.

Abstract: A pearlescent pigment, wherein the pigment is an inorganic material and the color of a homogeneous coating of the pigment, measured over a white background, is selected from the group consisting of: a CIELAB L* value of about 30 or less and a chroma value of about 3 or less; a CIELAB hue angle, hab, from about 50 to about 80 degrees, wherein L* is not more than about 85, and the chroma value is greater than 22; a CIELAB hue angle, hab, from about 80 to about 275 degrees, wherein L* is not more than about 80, and the chroma value is greater than about 10; and a CIELAB hue angle, hab, from not less than about 275 to not more than about 50 degrees, wherein L* is not more than about 85, and the chroma value is greater than about 9. The pigments may be used in a variety of applications including cosmetics, plastics, automotive, or architectural coatings.

Abstract: A pearlescent pigment comprising a substrate and a first layer, wherein the first layer comprises iron oxide, wherein the iron has from about 1% to about 30% Fe(II) and from about 70% to about 99% Fe(III). A process for making these pearlescent pigment, comprise reducing a metal oxide substrate with a hydrogen source in the presence of a noble metal catalyst in a liquid medium. The pigments may be used in a variety of applications including cosmetics, plastics, automotive, or architectural coatings.

Abstract: An ultraviolet absorber formulation and a method of preparing the same. The ultraviolet absorber formulation comprises a zinc oxide powder and a transparent coating on surfaces of the zinc oxide powder, thus forming a core-shell structure. The ultraviolet absorber is prepared by wet chemical surface modification. A zinc oxide powder is dispersed by media or non-media milling to provide a slurry of zinc oxide. The zinc oxide slurry is subjected to a coating process to deposit a transparent coating, thus giving the ultraviolet absorber.

Abstract: An antimicrobial ceramic glazing composition comprising zinc borate for imparting antimicrobial characteristics to numerous ceramic products. A method for producing the antimicrobial glazing composition and ceramic products incorporating the antimicrobial glazing composition.

Abstract: A curable film-forming composition is provided comprising (i) 10 to 90 percent by weight based on the total weight of resin solids in the film-forming composition of a crosslinking agent; (ii) 10 to 90 percent by weight of a polymer containing a plurality of functional groups reactive with the crosslinking agent; and (iii) 5 to 85 percent by volume of particles having a mean particle size less than 100 nm. The particles comprise 1 to 99 percent by weight of at least one metal oxide wherein the metal is selected from zinc, titanium, cerium, manganese, bismuth, copper, zirconium and iron. A multi-component composite coating composition is also provided, comprising a pigmented basecoat and a clear coat. The basecoat and/or clearcoat may be derived from the curable film-forming composition described above. Also provided are coated substrates in which the curable coating compositions or the multi-component composite coating compositions described above are applied to a substrate and cured to form a cured coating.

Abstract: A particulate metal oxide having the mean length of the primary particles in the range from 50 to 90 nm, the mean width of the primary particles in the range from 5 to 20 nm, and the median volume particle diameter of the secondary particles is less than 45 nm. The metal oxide can be used in a sunscreen product that exhibits both effective UV protection and improved transparency.

Abstract: Described herein are embedded pigments consisting of a labile chromophore englobed in a coating of refractory and transparent material formed by nanomolecular particles, also described are oxides of refractory and transparent materials in the form of nanoparticles and their use for coating labile chromophores or ceramic surfaces.

Abstract: A treatment for particulate inorganic solids is provided. This treatment, which uses certain organophosphinic compounds, imparts improved physical and chemical qualities including lacing resistance, improved dispersion and decreased chemical reactivity when these treated particulate inorganic solids are incorporated into polymeric matrices. The addition of the organophosphinic compounds of the present invention may flexibly be incorporated into known processes at varying points, and are preferably added downstream of any filtering steps or to a dry particulate inorganic solid.

Abstract: A water-based black enamel composition capable of being deposited on a glass substrate, especially on a glass sheet. The enamel composition includes: 20 to 40% by weight of water-soluble sodium silicate and/or potassium silicate; a water-soluble base, in an amount sufficient for the pH of the composition to be at least 10.5; 5 to 25% by weight of water; 40 to 60% by weight of a metal oxide chosen from the group consisting of copper oxides, iron oxides, cobalt oxides, mixtures of these oxides, and mixtures of at least one of the oxides with chromium oxide(s); less than 10% by weight of zinc oxide; at least 10% by weight of a glass frit having a melting point below 680° C.; and less than 10% by weight of a glass frit having a Littleton point above 700° C. A glazing, especially an automobile glazing, including at least one glass sheet can have at least one of the faces of the glass sheet coated at least partially with the enamel composition.

Abstract: A spray glaze or opaque composition for coating dental restorations and other surfaces and objects such as hobby ceramics that comprises about 4 to about 50 weight % glaze material, about 5 to about 60 weight % restoration wetting agent, and about 10 to about 90% non CFC propellant. An opaque composition further comprises about 5 to about 30% opaque material.

Abstract: A method of providing covert security features for documents such as vouchers, packaged goods and banknotes in which the document is provided with a dopant. The dopant consisting of a material which can be identified by examination of its response to visible wavelength photon radiation and which can be applied directly on or into the document or can be fused into glass matrices before application.

Abstract: A multilayer effect pigment includes a transparent substrate, a layer of high refractive index material on the substrate, and alternating layers of low refractive index and high refractive index materials on the first layer, the total number of layers being an odd number of at least three, all adjacent layers differing in refractive index by at least about 0.2 and at least one of the layers having an optical thickness which is different from all of the other layers. The resulting multilayer effect pigment is not a quarter-wave stack.

Abstract: A UV screening composition comprising particles which are capable of absorbing UV light so that electrons and positively charged holes are formed within the particles, characterised in that the particles are adapted to minimise migration to the surface of the particles of the electrons and/or the positively charged holes when said particles are exposed to UV light in an aqueous environment.

Abstract: The present invention provides a process for preparing ball-shaped zinc oxide particles and their use.

Abstract: Paint and coating material system comprising a) at least one solids component comprising at least one organic or inorganic white, black or chromatic pigment, organic or inorganic fillers, or mixtures thereof, and b) at least one binder component, characterized in that the components of the system in water, with a specific energy input of less than 150 J/cm3, based on the sum of the volumes of the components and water, produced an aqueous dispersion having a particle size of <60 &mgr;m (determined in accordance with ISO 1524: 1983).

Abstract: A color effect material is described as composed of a plurality of encapsulated substrate platelets in which each platelet is encapsulated with a highly reflective silver layer which acts as a reflector to light directed thereon, a spacer layer which is selectively transparent to light directed thereon, and an iron oxide layer on the spacer layer.

Abstract: To provide a rust inhibitor which is a fired composition excellent in corrosion resisting properties almost as same as or even better than lead compounds and which is also good in stability of electrodeposition bath. The fired composition is a fired matter of a zinc compound and a tin compound, wherein zinc oxide Wz and tin oxide Ws are in the relation of Wz≧Ws in weight %. The ratio of the zinc oxide Wz and the tin oxide Ws is in the range of 99/1 to 70/30 in weight %, and preferably in the range of 95/5 to 85/15. Such a fired matter has not only a rust resisting function but also a curing catalyst function, so that such a curing catalyst as dibutyl tin oxide, which has heretofore been used, can be eliminated.

Abstract: A coating material for interior walls and exterior facades has heat reflection and oleophobicity/hydrophobicity, properties. The material is either opaque to visible light and/or contains a material which provides opacity. It includes: a) at least one silane of the formula (I) XaRbSiR14−a−b  (I)  in which X is a hydrolyzable group, R is optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl, R1 is an organic radical which is attached to the silicon via carbon and carries a reactive group, a is an integer from 1 to 3, and b is an integer from 0 to 2, or a (partial) condensate of this silane, b) at least one infrared-reflecting pigment whose particle size is situated primarily in the range from 1 to 50 &mgr;m, and c) a solvent and/or dispersion medium.

Abstract: To provide a high-chromatic flaky pigment with good colorability, and to provide a method for producing the flaky pigment in a simple and inexpensive plant. A high-chromatic flaky pigment of which the entire surface of the flaky substrate coated with a metal oxide having an interference color is further coated with a semi-transparent thin metal film to enhance the interference color of the pigment.

Abstract: The invention relates to an anhydrous pigmentary paste comprising: from 20 to 32% by volume of at least one solid pigment, with respect to the total volume of the pigmentary paste, a pigment dispersion medium containing at least one anhydrous solvent selected from the hydrocarbon oils and the silicone oils, and a dispersing agent containing at least one imide or succinimide group linked by a covalent bond to a polymer chain compatible with the dispersion medium.

Abstract: A filler comprising a substantially amorphous cluster comprising non-heavy metal oxide particles and heavy metal oxide. The filler can be mixed into a hardenable resin to provide radiopaque dental materials having desirable strength and aesthetic character.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of nano-zinc oxide dispersions stabilized by hydroxyl group-containing inorganic polymers.

Abstract: Multilayer interference pigment consisting of a transparent carrier material coated with alternating layers of metal oxides of low and high refractive index, the difference in the refractive indices being at least 0.1, which is obtainable by alternate coating of the transparent carrier material with a metal oxide of high refractive index and with a metal oxide of low refractive index in a wet process by hydrolysis of the corresponding water-soluble metal compounds, separation, drying and, if desired, calcination of the resulting pigment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to additive, pigment or colorant materials which may be used for laser marking. The materials comprise oxides of bismuth and at least one additional metal. Preferred laser-markable bismuth-containing oxide compounds are of the formula BixMyOz, where M is at least one metal selected from Zn, Ti, Fe, Cu, Al, Zr, P, Sn, Sr, Si, Y, Nb, La, Ta, Pr, Ca, Mg, Mo, W, Sb, Cr, Ba and Ce, x is from about 0.3 to about 70, y is from about 0.05 to about 8, and z is from about 1 to about 100. The bismuth-containing material may be dispersed in a substrate which is subsequently irradiated by a laser to provide a contrasting mark in the irradiated region.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for uniformly depositing a coating material from a vaporization source onto a powdered substrate material to form a thin coalescence film of the coating material that smoothly replicates the surface microstructure of the substrate material. The coating material is uniformly deposited on the substrate material to form optical interference pigment particles. The thin film enhances the hiding power and color gamut of the substrate material. Physical vapor deposition process are used for depositing the film on the substrate material. The apparatus and systems employed in forming the coated particles utilize vibrating bed coaters, vibrating conveyor coaters, or coating towers. These allow the powdered substrate material to be uniformly exposed to the coating material vapor during the coating process.

Abstract: A particulate metal oxide having a mean length of the primary particles in the range from 50 to 90 nm, the mean width of the primary particles in the range from 5 to 20 nm, and the median volume particle diameter of the secondary particles is less than 45 nm. The metal oxide can be used in a sunscreen product that exhibits both effective UV protection and improved transparency.

Abstract: Multilayer pearl lustre pigment on the basis of a platelet-shaped substrate comprising a material of low refractive index in the range from 1.35 to 1.8, which comprises at least (i) one first layer comprising a material having a refractive index of more than 1.8, (ii) optionally, a second layer comprising a material of low refractive index in the range from 1.35 to 1.8, (iii) a semitransparent metal layer which is applied to the substrate or to the layers (i) or (ii), and (iv) if desired, an aftercoating, the substrate being platelet-shaped silicon dioxide, aluminium oxide, boron oxide or magnesium fluoride.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for uniformly depositing a coating material from a vaporization source onto a powdered substrate material to form a thin coalescence film of the coating material that smoothly replicates the surface microstructure of the substrate material. The coating material is uniformly deposited on the substrate material to form optical interference pigment particles. The thin film enhances the hiding power and color gamut of the substrate material. Physical vapor deposition process are used for depositing the film on the substrate material. The apparatus and systems employed in forming the coated particles utilize vibrating bed coaters, vibrating conveyor coaters, or coating towers. These allow the powdered substrate material to be uniformly exposed to the coating material vapor during the coating process.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the preparation of nano-zinc oxide dispersions stabilized by hydroxyl group-containing inorganic polymers.

Abstract: Inorganic anti-corrosive pigments consist of surface-coated solids having a grain size of 0.1 to 75 &mgr;m. In order to improve the resistance of the paints and coatings containing such pigments, firstly Mn3(PO4)2 and secondly aluminium oxides and/or aluminium hydroxides are precipitated onto the solids.

Abstract: To provide a high-chromatic flaky pigment with good colorability, and to provide a method for producing the flaky pigment in a simple and inexpensive plant. A high-chromatic flaky pigment of which the entire surface of the flaky substrate coated with a metal oxide having an interference color is further coated with a semi-transparent thin metal film to enhance the interference color of the pigment.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus are provided for uniformly depositing a coating material from a vaporization source onto a powdered substrate material to form a thin coalescence film of the coating material that smoothly replicates the surface microstructure of the substrate material. The coating material is uniformly deposited on the substrate material to form optical interference pigment particles. The thin film enhances the hiding power and color gamut of the substrate material. Physical vapor deposition processes are used for depositing the film on the substrate material. The apparatus and systems employed in forming the coated particles utilize vibrating bed coaters, vibrating conveyor coaters, or coating towers. These allow the powdered substrate material to be uniformly exposed to the coating material vapor during the coating process.

Abstract: Additive pigments having a box-shape spectral distribution are provided. These pigments are characterized in that they are pigment powders which respectively have a high reflectance in the regions corresponding to the three primary colors of light, and comprise three pigments respectively having the three primary colors of light (red, green, and blue), and that when these pigments of the three colors are mixed together, each pigment is subjected to additive color mixing.

Abstract: A colored interference pigment having a platelet-shaped layer as substrate, a coating of at least one metal oxide layer and, optionally, a further layer, at least two layers comprising or consisting of colorants.

Abstract: Cationically modified white pigments (W) in particulate form, essentially consisting of a particulate inorganic white pigment (M) of a particle size in the range of 0, 1 to 40 &mgr;m and an applied water soluble, cationic, crosslinked polymer (PA) containing quaternary ammonium groups in salt form, obtainable by reaction of epichlorohydrin or of epichlorohydrin derivatives or precursors with amines, under conditions leading to at least partial crosslinking, optionally in combination with an anionic optical brightener (B) and where the molar ratio of (B) to (PA) is such that the number of cationic charges of the total polymer (PA) is higher than the number of anionic charges of the total anionic optical brightener (B), are surprisingly useful as cationic white pigments in various fields of technique, especially in papermaking.

Abstract: The present invention relates to additive, pigment or colorant materials which may be used for laser marking. The materials comprise oxides of bismuth and at least one additional metal. Preferred laser-markable bismuth-containing oxide compounds are of the formula BixMyOz, where M is at least one metal selected from Zn, Ti, Fe, Cu, Al, Zr, P, Sn, Sr, Si, Y, Nb, La, Ta, Pr, Ca, Mg, Mo, W, Sb, Cr, Ba and Ce, x is from about 0.3 to about 70, y is from about 0.05 to about 8, and z is from about 1 to about 100. The bismuth-containing material may be dispersed in a substrate which is subsequently irradiated by a laser to provide a contrasting mark in the irradiated region.

Abstract: The present invention provides new solid solutions having a corundum-hematite crystalline structure which are useful as inorganic color pigments. Solid solutions according to the present invention include a host component having a corundum-hematite crystalline structure which contains as guest components one or more elements from the group consisting of aluminum, antimony, bismuth, boron, chrome, cobalt, gallium, indium, iron, lanthanum, lithium, magnesium, manganese, molybdenum, neodymium, nickel, niobium, silicon, tin, titanium, vanadium, and zinc. Solid solutions according to the present invention are formed by thoroughly mixing compounds, usually metal oxides or precursors thereof, which contain the host and guest components and then calcining the compounds to form the solid solutions having the corundum-hematite crystalline structure. Some of the new solid solutions according to the present invention exhibit relatively low Y CIE tri-stimulus values and relatively high near infrared reflectance.

Abstract: To provide an ultraviolet absorbent having high UV shieldability, especially UV-A shieldability, high transparency and good dispersibility. An ultraviolet absorbent, which comprises a flaky substrate coated with ultra-fin zinc oxide particles having a mean particle size of not larger than 100 nm, and which is optionally treated with an organic silicone compound; and a method for producing the ultraviolet absorbent, which comprises calcining particles as coated with basic zinc carbonate in the presence of a complex-forming agent.

Abstract: Surface-modified conductive pigment obtainable by partial coating of a conductive pigment with an organic modifying agent. The modifying agent is an organometallic compound of the elements silicon, tin, titanium, zirconium or aluminum. The pigment is prepared by dispersing a conductive pigment, subsequently adding the modifying agent, if appropriate as a mixture with a solvent, to the pigment dispersion, and in particular in an amount such that the powder electrical conductance of the partly coated conductive pigment is in the range between 80% of the starting value and 10−7 S, removing the solvent present, if appropriate, with further agitation and heating of the pigment to 100° C. and finally drying the partly coated pigment.

Abstract: A flake-based pigment is provided having improved specular reflectance characteristics in the visible wavelength range. The flake-based pigment has a plurality of core flake sections each formed of a central reflector layer and dielectric support layers on opposing sides of the reflector layer. The resulting core flake section is a very thin three-layered structure that exhibits a uniaxial compressive strength much greater than a corresponding uniaxial tensile strength. This structure provides the benefits of rigidity and brittle fracture during manufacturing and application processes, which ultimately provides favorable planar and specular reflectance characteristics for the pigment in the visible wavelength range. A variety of outer coating layers can be formed around the core flake sections, such as various dielectric and absorber layers having thicknesses dependent upon the desired optical characteristics of the pigment.

Abstract: A flake-based pigment is provided having improved specular reflectance characteristics in the visible wavelength range. The flake-based pigment has a plurality of core flake sections each formed of a central reflector layer and dielectric support layers on opposing sides of the reflector layer. The resulting core flake section is a very thin three-layered structure that exhibits a uniaxial compressive strength much greater than a corresponding uniaxial tensile strength. This structure provides the benefits of rigidity and brittle fracture during manufacturing and application processes, which ultimately provides favorable planar and specular reflectance characteristics for the pigment in the visible wavelength range. A variety of outer coating layers can be formed around the core flake sections, such as various dielectric and absorber layers having thicknesses dependent upon the desired optical characteristics of the pigment.

Abstract: A pigment composition for use as a substrate to produce ink, paints, and pigment compounds, the composition being made from an aqueous slurry containing about 17 to 40% calcium carbonate, based on the weight of said aqueous slurry, and an inorganic pigment from group comprising titanium dioxide, in which the amount of calcium carbonate is higher than that found in standard pigment compositions and the amount of amount of pigment is lower than that found in standard pigment compositions, yet there is not an appreciable degradation of the color, coating, and other qualities of the pigment composition.

Abstract: There is provided a powder comprising a base substance usable as a powder for cosmetics, a hydroxyapatite and a zinc oxide, preferably a powder obtained on coating the surface of the substance with hydroxyapatite to form a hydroxyapatite coating layer on the surface of the base substance and fixing zinc oxide to the hydroxyapatite coating layer thereof, suitable for use in cosmetics.

Abstract: A precious metal color effect material is composed of a plurality of encapsulated substrate platelets in which each platelet is encapsulated with a first layer selected from the group consisting of silver, gold, platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, osmium, iridium and the alloys thereof, which acts as a reflector to light directed thereon, a second layer encapsulating the first layer in which the second layer provides an optically variable reflection of light impinging thereon and a third layer encapsulating the second layer and being selectively transparent to light directed thereon.