Abstract: Spherical agglomerates of finely divided material such as inorganic oxides are prepared by admixing a slurry of finely divided material with a solution of a partially neutralised carboxylic acid.

Abstract: Bismuth vanadate pigments, the particle surface of which is coated with 1 to 20% by weight of polyvinyl alcohol, based on the amount of pigment. Bismuth vanadate pigments of this kind are distinguished, in particular in aqueous paint systems, by excellent tinctorial strength and chroma as well as by the high gloss of the finishes obtained therewith.

Abstract: Transparent bismuth vanadate pigments and a process for their preparation. Coating bismuth vanadate pigment precursors prepared by known methods with coating compositions conventionally used for coating pigments prior to the customary calcination gives bismuth vanadate pigments of high transparency.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing coated bismuth vanadate yellow pigments comprising the following steps:(a) subjecting a reaction mixture comprising a suspension in nitric acid of bismuthyl nitrate and vanadium (V) oxide, or a suspension in nitric acid of bismuth (III) oxide and vanadium (V) oxide, to stirring to form bismuth vanadate particles;(b) terminating the stirring and holding the reaction mixture for a period of time;(c) filtering off the bismuth vanadate particles;(d) washing the bismuth vanadate particles;(e) dispersing the washed bismuth vanadate particles in a hot, phosphate-containing, aqueous solution to activate the surface of the particles;(f) filtering off the activated bismuth vanadate particles;(g) washing the activated bismuth vanadate particles;(h) dispersing the activated bismuth vanadate particles in water to form a suspension;(i) precipitating at least one material selected from the group consisting of hydrated aluminum phosphate, aluminum/zinc phosphate or sil

Abstract: The invention relates to colored luster pigments consisting of a transparent or metallic reflecting core, of a coating consisting of at least one silicon oxide of the composition SiO.sub.0.25 to SiO.sub.0.95 and of further optional coatings, to coating processes by coating metallic silicon in the presence of oxygen, if required with changing its partial pressure, as well as to the use of these luster pigments for pigmenting plastic materials, paints and printing inks, and to pigmented compositions comprising these luster pigments.

Abstract: Colored pigments are provided from the green-yellow to red spectrum based on oxide-nitrides with two or three different cations Q, R and S in the crystal lattice, wherein the nitrogen to oxygen atomic ratio is determinative for the color. These pigments crystallise in the pyrochlore, spinel or elpasolite structure. Pigments in the perovskite are as provided with increased color brilliance. The color of the pigments can be adjusted in a wide range of the color spectrum during their preparation within a substance class with the cations Q, R and S and while retaining the crystal structure, by increasing or lowering the atomic ratio N to O in the oxide-nitride and bringing about the required charge balancing by replacing an equivalent quantity of the cation Q with the valency q by a cation R with the valency q+1.

Abstract: Bismuth vanadate pigments IBi.sub.x Fe.sub.y E.sub.v V.sub.(1-w) P.sub.w O.sub.z Iwith the following meanings of the variables:E denotes calcium, zinc, cerium, praseodymium, and/or silicon;x is a value from 0.8 to 1.2;y is greater than 0 to 0.1 when v is greater than 0 or is greater than or equal to 0.035 to 0.1 when v is equal to 0;v is greater than or equal to 0 to 0.2;w is greater than 0 to 0.1;z denotes the number of oxygen atoms required to satisfy the valence requirements of the cations.and the preparation and use of said pigments for dyeing coating compositions, printing inks, and plastics.

Abstract: A process for preparing a pigment based on bismuth vanadate by reacting an acidic solution of bismuth nitrate with a basic solution of ammonium metavanadate to form a precipitate in a very acidic reaction mixture with a pH value of between 1 and 2. The pH of the reaction mixture is brought to a value of about 7, and the temperature of the reaction mixture is established at 80.degree. C. or higher for a period of about 30 minutes. The reaction mixture is stirred for a period of time of at least one half hour until a pH of approximately 6.5 is reached, and then the precipitate is filtered from the reaction mixture. Finally, the precipitate is washed and dried to obtain a dried pigment.

Abstract: Luster pigments based on multiply coated plateletlike silicatic substrates, obtainable by further coating substrates already coated with a first layer comprising a colorless or selectively absorbing metal oxidea) initially with a second, nonselectively absorbing layer consisting essentially of carbon, a metal or a metal oxide, andb) if desired subsequently with a third layer comprising colorless or selectively absorbing metal oxide, wherefor the carbon layer (step a) is applied by thermal decomposition of oxygen-containing hydrocarbons that for every two carbon atoms contain at least one oxygen atom, the metal layer (step a) is applied by gas phase decomposition of volatile compounds of these metals in an inert gas, and the metal oxide layer (step a and/or b) is applied by gas phase decomposition of volatile compounds of these metals in the presence of oxygen, water vapor or mixtures thereof to the substrates coated in case a) with a first metal oxide layer and in case b) additionally with a nonselectively ab

Abstract: Luster pigments based on multiply coated plateletlike metallic substrates comprisingA) a first layer consisting essentially of silicon oxide, aluminum oxide and/or aluminum oxide hydrate,B) a second layer consisting essentially of metal and/or nonselectively absorbing metal oxide, andC) if desired, a third layer consisting essentially of colorless or selectively absorbing metal oxide.

Abstract: This invention involves a method of optically whitening clay minerals to transform their natural yellow tint to increased whiteness. Generally, it has been found that clay materials having low cation exchange capability can be directly reacted with very small amounts of cationic dyes, the apparent whiteness of said clay minerals being substantially increased thereby.

Abstract: A coated TiO.sub.2 pigment is disclosed with coatings of porous alumina and dense alumina, such dense alumina being formed in the presence of soluble molybdate.

Abstract: An aluminum pigment which comprises aluminum flakes wherein the surfaces of the flakes are coated with a film of molybdic acid in an amount of from 0.1 to 10% by weight in terms of Mo metal based on the weight of aluminum, and a phosphoric ester resulting from an esterification reaction of a multifunctional epoxy compound with a phosphoric compound is adsorbed to said film in an amount of from 0.05 to 5% by weight in terms of P element based on the weight of aluminum. The aluminum pigment is excellent in paint stability as well as color tone, adhesion and moisture resistance of paint films.

Abstract: Bismuth vanadate pigments haveBi.sub.x E.sub.v Si.sub.y V.sub.(1-z) P.sub.z O.sub.wwhere x is from 0.8 to 1.2, y is from 0 to 4, z is from 0 to 0.2, v is from >0 to 0.5, and w is the number of oxygen atoms for satisfying the valence requirements of the cations, with the following provisos:a) when y=0, then z is from >0 to <0.05 and E is calcium or a mixture of calcium and zinc and/or magnesium in which the molar ratio of calcium to zinc and/or magnesium is .gtoreq.1,b) when 0<y<1, then z is from 0 to 0.2 and E is calcium or a mixture of calcium and zinc and/or magnesium in which the molar ratio of calcium to zinc and/or magnesium is .gtoreq.1,c) when y.gtoreq.1, then z is from 0 to 0.2 and E is zinc, magnesium, calcium,, lithium, aluminum or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Materials for printing information that are invisible under normal white or visible light but are x-ray opaque and ultraviolet fluorescent or absorbent are used for multiplex reading. The invention permits a reader to use x-ray radiation, ultraviolet light or visible light to read printed information. With the x-ray reading capability it is possible to read pages in sealed envelopes, thick documents or unopened attache cases.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an aluminium pigment comprising aluminium flakes, the surface of each aluminium flake being coated with a film of molybdic acid in an amount of 0.1 to 10% by weight in terms of Mo based on aluminium, which is further coated with a phosphoric film derived from a phosphoric compound selected from inorganic phosphoric acids, organic phosphoric acid esters having one phosphate group and their salts in an amount of 0.05 to 1% by weight in terms of P based on aluminium. The aluminium pigment of the present invention has good color tone and good adhesion. Further, the aluminium pigment of the present invention has good resistance to hot water.

Abstract: A pigment composition includes a pigment extender which optionally contains a pigment, and further includes a non-hydrogenated phospholipid material, such as non-hydrogenated lecithin, and a surface modifying agent. Suitable modifying agents are selected from fatty acids, fatty acid esters or fatty acid triglycerides, silicones and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: An optional element having a cured coating film on optical base material wherein the cured coating film is prepared with a coating composition comprising an organosilicon compound and modified stannic oxide-zirconium oxide composite colloidal particles which are obtained by partially or fully coating the surface of stannic oxide-zirconium oxide composite colloidal particles with tungstic oxide-stannic oxide composite colloidal particles. The formed cured coating film is excellent in hot water resistance, and light-resistance and weathering resistance are not impaired even when the antireflection film made by vepor deposition of inorganic oxides is applied on the cured coating film.

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for making a bismuth-vanadium-molybdenum-containing composition comprising: (A) preparing three separate aqueous compositions comprising: a first aqueous composition having a pH in the range of about 0.5 to about 4; a second aqueous composition comprising bismuth and having a pH in the range of about 0.2 to about 3; and a third aqueous composition comprising at least one salt of vanadium and at least one salt of molybdenum and having a pH in the range of about 9 to about 14; (B) adding said second aqueous composition and said third aqueous composition simultaneously to said first aqueous composition to form a fourth aqueous composition, and maintaining said fourth aqueous composition at a temperature in the range of about 30.degree.C. to about 90.degree.C.

Abstract: Luster pigments comprise coated plateletlike substrates wherein the coating comprises a layer comprising bismuth vanadate.

Abstract: Luster pigments based on coated, plateletlike, silicatic or metallic substrates wherein the coating comprises a metal sulfide are useful for coloring paints, printing inks, plastics, glasses, ceramic products and decorative cosmetic preparations.

Abstract: This invention relates to modifying the surface of particles for improved dispersion characteristics in aqueous, solvent, resinous, polymeric, cementitious or the like application systems. In particular, this invention relates to a pigment or filler particle whose surface is coated with at least one electric charge modifying agent and at least one dispersion promoting agent, which has improved dispersibility, coloring, handling, and other processing properties in application systems. The electric charge modifying agent may be selected from the group of Mg, Ca, Ba, Sr, Ti, V, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Al. The dispersion promoting agent may be selected from the group of stearates, acetates, alkylphenols, cellulosics, waxes, lignins, polyacrylics, polyepoxies, polyurethanes, polyethylenes, polystyrenes and polypropylenes, and polymers having functional groups of alcohols, glycols, aldehydes, amides and carboxylic acids. Iron oxide is the preferred pigment particle.

Abstract: A bismuth vanadate based yellow inorganic pigment is disclosed together with a process for making bismuth based yellow inorganic pigments.

Abstract: Bismuth vanadate (BiVO.sub.4) is prepared by reaction in nitric acid suspension of a solid bismuth-containing compound and a solid vanadium-containing compound while being subjected to milling at a temperature from 20.degree.-100.degree. C. The bismuth vanadate prepared by this process is a bright, high tinting yellow pigment particularly useful in pigmenting polymers and paints.

Abstract: Luster pigments useful for coloring paints, printing inks, plastics, glasses, ceramic products and decorative cosmetic preparations are based on multiply coated plateletlike metallic substrates comprisingA) a first, colorless or selectively absorbing layer of metal oxide,B) a second, nonselectively absorbing layer of carbon, metal and/or metal oxide, andC) if desired a third, colorless or selectively absorbing layer of metal oxide.

Abstract: A pigment-attached blue-emitting phosphor comprising a blue-emitting phosphor and a blue pigment attached to the surface of the blue-emitting phosphor, said blue pigment being a CoO.ZnO.SiO.sub.2 type pigment containing Mo.

Abstract: Metal pigment particles which are treated with both a heteropoly anion compound and a phosphosilicate pigment compound show increased stability against attack by water. The particles are especially useful in aqueous coating compositions.

Abstract: A simple process for achieving very active passivation of metal pigments against hydroxyl-containing compounds comprises treating the metal pigments with passivators in the gas phase.

Abstract: This invention relates to colorants represented by the formulaBi.sub.2 A.sub.x-1 D.sub.x O.sub.ywherein: A is selected from the group consisting of Bi, Ba, Sr, Ca, Y, La, or a mixture of two or more thereof; D is selected from the group consisting of V, Mo, Mn, Ti, Ta, Nb, W, Sb, Fe, Cr, Sn, Ce, or a mixture of two or more thereof; x is a number that is at least 1; and y is the number of oxygens needed to fulfill the valence requirements of Bi, A and D; with the proviso that when A is Bi, D is other than a mixture consisting of V and Mo. These colorants are useful in providing colored compositions including: organic compositions such as plastics, rubbers, and the like; inorganic compositions such as ceramics, porcelain enamels, and the like; and coating compositions such as paints, printing inks, and the like; etc. The invention also provides for processes for making such colorants and for making such colored compositions. The invention also provides for such colorants in the form of particulate solids (e.g.

Abstract: Disclosed are a pigment including a light-transparent ceramic scaly substrate, a tin compound layer coated on a surface of the substrate in an amount of 0.6 to 0.75% by weight with respect to the substrate, the amount being converted into metallic tin, a rutile type titanium dioxide layer formed on a surface of the substrate coated with the tin compound, a metal compound layer coated on a surface of the titanium dioxide layer in an amount of 0.15 to 0.6% by weight with respect to the substrate, metal of the metal compound being at least one selected from the group consisting of Bi, Sb, As, Cd, Zn, Mn, Pb and Cr, and the amount being converted into metal, and metallic glossy dots formed on the surfaces in a scattering manner, the metallic glossy dots occupying 0.05 to 95% of a total surface area of the surfaces, and a process for producing the same.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method of forming a ceramic or ceramic-like coating on a substrate, especially electronic devices, as well as the substrate coated thereby. The method comprises coating said substrate with a solution comprising a solvent, hydrogen silsesquioxane resin and a modifying ceramic oxide precursor selected from the group consisting of tantalum oxide precursors, niobium oxide precursors, vanadium oxide precursors, phosphorous oxide precursors and boron oxide precursors. The solvent is then evaporated to thereby deposit a preceramic coating on the substrate. The preceramic coating is then ceramified by heating the to a temperature of between about 40.degree. C. and about 1000.degree. C. This coating, moreover, may be covered by additional passivation and barrier coatings.

Abstract: An essentially monoclinic bismuth vanadate of the formula Bi[V.sub.1-x P.sub.x)O.sub.4 ] where x is from 0 to 0.1 has a chroma of .gtoreq.85, a lightness of .gtoreq.80, a hue angle of from 89 to 95 and a photochromism with a .DELTA.E value of .ltoreq.2 under the CIELAB system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to surface-modified pigments based on platelet-shaped substrates having improved dispersibility and to their preparation and use.

Abstract: The invention relates to surface-modified platelet-like pigments based on platelet-like substrates which are coated with a titanium dioxide layer and a thin alkaline earth metal titanate film on top of it, in which the pigment, in order to increase the photostability and to decrease the surface reactivity towards organic compounds, is ignited at temperatures of at least 800.degree. C.

Abstract: Bismuth vanadate pigment in the form of the tetragonal crystal structure of Scheelite useful in coloring lacquers and synthetic plastics or resins containing 0.1 to 0.3 mol ZrO.sub.2 (per mol of BiVO.sub.4) is prepared by heat treating mixed precipitates of aqueous solutions of bismuth, vanadate and zirconium salts, followed by washing, drying and grinding to pigment fineness.

Abstract: An aqueous coating composition is provided which reflects light, especially UV radiation, and can be colored as desired. It is prepared from a synthetic resin dispersion and inorganic pigments having a particle size ranging between 7 and 10 nm, with the exception of carbon black.

Abstract: An aqueous sol of colloidal particles of tungstic oxide (WO.sub.3)-stannic oxide (SnO.sub.2) composite having a particle size of from 2 to 7 millimicrons is prepared by blending an aqueous solution of tungstic acid and an aqueous solution of an stannate in a weight ratio of from 0.5 to 100 as WO.sub.3 /SnO.sub.2. Where the WO.sub.3 -SnO.sub.2 composite sol in an amount of from 2 to 100 parts by weight as the total of WO.sub.3 and SnO.sub.2 is blended with a sol of a 3- to 5 valent metal oxide having a particle size of from 4 to 50 millimicrons in an amount of 100 parts by weight as the metal oxide, a modified metal oxide sol of colloidal particles having a size of 4.5 to 60 millimicrons as surface-coated with the tungstic oxide (WO.sub.3)-stannic oxide (SnO.sub.5) composite colloidal particles is prepared.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of bismuth vanadate pigments and solid solutions based on bismuth vanadate by a) mixing a solution of a bismuth (III) salt containing, if required, one or more further metal salts or a mixture thereof with the aqueous solution of a vanadate salt containing, if required, a molybdate, tungstate or sulfate salt or a mixture thereof and b) subjecting the suspension thus obtained to a subsequent aftertreatment to convert the particles first precipitated in amorphous form into crystalline compounds, wherein during the mixing and/or during the subsequent aftertreatment step fluoride ions are used.

Abstract: Bismuth oxychloride nacreous pigment coated with a rare earth metal compound is described. The coated pigment is prepared by adding a rare earth metal salt solution to a suspension of bismuth oxychloride pigment crystals to form a further suspension containing the pigment crystals and cerium hydroxide. The cerium hydroxide is then precipitated out of the further suspension to coat the pigment crystals. The coated pigment is endowed with improved weather fastness.

Abstract: A process for stabilizing bismuth vanadate pigments against attack by hydrochloric acid by treating said pigments with a metal phosphate, which process comprises treating an aqueous suspension of a bismuth vanadate pigment with 2-20% by weight, based on said pigment, of an orthophosphate selected from the group consisting of calcium, magnesium, aluminium, zirconium and titanium orthophosphate, of a mixture of such orthophosphates with one another or of such orthophosphates with zinc orthophosphate, with stirring, in the temperature range from 20.degree. to 100.degree. C. and in the pH range from 2 to 8, which orthophosphate is precipitated in situ from the appropriate metal salt of a strong mineral acid and orthophosphoric acid or from an alkali metal salt thereof, and isolating the resultant product by conventional methods.The pigments so obtained have excellent resistance to hydrochloric acid.

Abstract: This invention relates to pigmented cosmetic products in cake, cream, liquid or stick form such as eye shadows, foundations, mascaras and moisturizers.

Abstract: An aqueous sol of colloidal particles of tungstic oxide (WO.sub.3)-stannic oxide (SnO.sub.2) composite having a particle size of from 2 to 7 millimicrons is prepared by blending an aqueous solution of tungstic acid and an aqueous solution of a stannate in a weight ratio of from 0.5 to 100 as WO.sub.3 /SnO.sub.2. Where the WO.sub.3 --SnO.sub.2 composite sol in an amount of from 2 to 100 parts by weight as the total of WO.sub.3 and SnO.sub.2 is blended with a sol of a 3- to 5 valent metal oxide having a particle size of from 4 to 50 millimicrons in an amount of 100 parts by weight as the metal oxide, a modified metal oxide sol collidal particles having a size of 4.5 to 60 millimicrons as surface-coated with the tungstic oxide (WO.sub.3)-stannic oxide (SnO.sub.5) composite colloidal particles is prepared.

Abstract: Disclosed is a corrosion preventive coating composition comprising;(1) a corrosion preventive pigment which has a pH value of from 5 to 9, consisting essentially of(a) a specific phosphorus compound which generates phosphate ions in the presence of water, and(b) a specific vanadium compound which generates vanadate ions in the presence of water and oxygen, and(2) a film forming resin selected from the group consisting of maleic acid modified oils, epoxy resins, modified epoxy resins, alkyd resins, acryl resins, melamine resins, urea resins, blocked isocyanate resins, maleic acid modified polybutadiene resins, polyvinyl butylal, polyvinylalcohol, silicate esters, silicone resins, silicates and chlorinated rubber; said pigment being present in an amount of 0.1 to 50 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of a solid content of said coating composition.

Abstract: Disclosed is a corrosion preventive pigment consisting essentially of(a) a phosphorus compound which generates phosphate ions in the presence of water and oxygen, selected from the group consisting of a phosphorous pentoxide, an orthophosphoric acid, a condensed phosphoric acid, and alkaline earth metal or transition metal phosphate, or an alkaline earth metal or transition metal condensed phosphate, and(b) a vanadium compound which generates a vanadate ion in the presence of water and oxygen, selected from the group consisting of vanadium (V) oxide, a vanadyl compound, an alkaline earth metal or transition metal vanadate, a baked condensate of alkaline earth metal or transition metal vanadates, or a heterocondensate of alkaline earth metal or transition metal vanadates;and which has a pH value of from 5 to 9.

Abstract: Compositions which can be processed to moulded articles which contain as high molecular weight organic material, a thermoplastic or a thermoset plastic or an elastomer and, as coloring component, 0.001 to 3.0% by weight of molybdenum disulfide, based on said high molecular weight organic material, in conjunction with at least one inorganic or organic pigment and/or a polymer-soluble dye and/or a pearlescent pigment.

Abstract: The preparation of gray-green unitary pigment bodies based on zirconium silicate-vanadium oxide wherein a mixture of zirconium oxide and silicon oxide in the presence of a vanadium and lithium compound is calcined above 600.degree. C. and wherein the amount of V.sub.2 O.sub.5 is more than 17 percent by weight and the amount of lithium compound added is such that the atom ratio Li/Li+V is from 0.1 to 0.5.

Abstract: A pigment of this invention comprises a ceramic scaly substrate, and metal dots or alloy dots formed on the surfaces of ceramic scaly substrate in the ratio of from 0.05 to 95% of the total surface area of ceramic scaly substrate. An inorganic compound coating film may further be formed on all over the surfaces of ceramic scaly substrate, and metal dots or alloy dots may be formed on the surfaces of inorganic compound coating film instead of on the surfaces of ceramic scaly substrate in the same ratio. Thus, this pigment gives various hues with metallic gloss feelings due to combined effect of light reflection and light scattering with metal dots or alloy dots and even light interference with two pairs of reflecting surfaces when the inorganic compound coating film is employed.

Abstract: An improved solid state process for the preparation of compounds based on bismuth vanadate wherein the improvement comprises subjecting the reaction product to wet grinding in alkaline solution or to sequential wet grinding and alkaline treatment, said process modification resulting in the preparation of bright, high tinting yellow pigments.

Abstract: Thermostable bismuth vanadate/molybdate pigments are prepared by precipitating onto a pigment, obtained by calcination, of the formulaBi VO.sub.4 .cndot.Bi.sub.2 Mo O.sub.6where n is 0.2-2.5, in aqueous suspension at 70.degree.-100.degree. C. within the pH range from 4 to 9.5 a first SiO.sub.2 -containing layer using an alkali metal silicate solution of a magnesium hexafluorosilicate solution, maintaining the suspension at 70.degree.-100.degree. C. for not less than 1 hour, producing a thick coating on the precoated pigment by adding further alkali metal silicate solution, magnesium hexafluorosilicate solution or a mixture of the two within the pH range from 4 to 9.5, and finally depositing wax on the SiO.sub.2 -containing layer by means of a waxing emulsion/dispersion, the products showing, compared with the starting pigment, an appreciably improved thermal stability in plastics.

Abstract: The invention relates to corrosion-inhibiting pigments containing metallic oxides, phosphates and/or molybdates, wherein the metals are zinc, aluminum, iron, barium, strontium, calcium, magnesium and titanium, singly or in combination, wherein the pigments also contain 0.03-2% by weight of soluble sodium dichromate or equivalent amounts of potassium dichromate, ammonium dichromate or equivalent amounts of respective chromates or chromic acid, singly or in their mixture. The invention also relates to a process for the manufacture of the pigments by thorough homogenization of the chromate components with the pigments, and to the use of the pigments in primers for ferrous and non-ferrous metallic substrates.