Abstract: Alloys of tricalcium phosphate and metal oxide such as TiO2 and SiO2 (ACP) are disclosed as well as method for making these alloys. Method for making these alloys include the steps of milling amorphous tricalcium phosphate and at least one metal oxide together in, for example, a ball mill operated under ambient conditions. Various aspects also relate to treating disease or damage to tissues such as enamel, dentine or bone by contacting tissue with these alloys. As well as formulations for oral care such as tooth pastes, mouth washes, tooth whiteners, and like that comprise ACP. Still another aspect is amorphous tricalcium phosphates that have antimicrobial activity. Various aspects disclosure methods for manufacturing these materials and for using them in various formulations and preparations such as dentifrices, mouth washes and rinses, teeth whiteners, gels, drenches, ointments, slaves, pastes, soaks, sprays, glues, cements, foodstuffs, and the like.

Abstract: A calcium phosphate cement suitable for use in dental and bone prosthesis is disclosed, which include calcium phosphate particles having a diameter of 0.05 to 100 microns, wherein said calcium phosphate particles on their surfaces have whiskers or fine crystals having a width ranging from 1 to 100 nm and a length ranging from 1 to 1000 nm.

Abstract: A tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) particle for use in preparing a fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is disclosed. The TTCP particle has a basic calcium phosphate whiskers on a surface thereof; the basic calcium phosphate whiskers having a Ca/P molar ratio greater than 1.33, and having a length up to about 5000 nm and a width up to about 500 nm. The basic calcium phosphate whiskers are substantially free of a hydroxyapatite phase and mainly composed of TTCP phase.

Abstract: A cement formula including mono potassium phosphate, mono ammonium phosphate, magnesia, and fly ash exhibits rapid setting and high strength characteristics.

Abstract: A fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is prepared by a process which can be carried out with a heat treatment up to 1000° C. on a mixture of a wetting solution and a calcium phosphate powder having a Ca to P molar ratio of 0.5–2.5. The wetting solution suitable for use in the process of the present invention includes water, an organic solvent, an acidic and basic solution. A setting solution for mixing with the heated powder to form the fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement may be water, an acidic or basic solution according to the process of the present invention.

Abstract: A fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is prepared by a process which can be carried out with a heat treatment up to 1000° C. on a mixture of a wetting solution and a calcium phosphate powder having a Ca to P molar ratio of 0.5–2.5. The wetting solution suitable for use in the process of the present invention includes water, an organic solvent, an acidic and basic solution. A setting solution for mixing with the heated powder to form the fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement may be water, an acidic or basic solution according to the process of the present invention.

Abstract: A tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) particle for use in preparing a fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is disclosed. The TTCP particle has a basic calcium phosphate whiskers on a surface thereof; the basic calcium phosphate whiskers having a Ca/P molar ratio greater than 1.33, and having a length up to about 5000 nm and a width up to about 500 nm. The basic calcium phosphate whiskers are substantially free of a hydroxyapatite phase and mainly composed of TTCP phase.

Abstract: A tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) particle for use in preparing a fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is disclosed. The TTCP particle has a basic calcium phosphate whiskers on a surface thereof; the basic calcium phosphate whiskers having a Ca/P molar ratio greater than 1.33, and having a length up to about 5000 nm and a width up to about 500 nm. The basic calcium phosphate whiskers are substantially free of a hydroxyapatite phase and mainly composed of TTCP phase.

Abstract: A tetracalcium phosphate (TTC P) particle for use in preparing a fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is disclosed. The TTCP particle has a basic calcium phosphate whiskers or fine crystals on a surface thereof; the basic calcium phosphate whiskers or fine crystals having a Ca/P molar ratio greater than 1.33, and having a length up to about 5000 nm and a width up to about 500 nm.

Abstract: A tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) particle for use in preparing a fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is disclosed. The TTCP particle has a basic calcium phosphate whiskers on a surface thereof; the basic calcium phosphate whiskers having a Ca/P molar ratio greater than 1.33, and having a length up to about 5000 nm and a width up to about 500 nm. The basic calcium phosphate whiskers are substantially free of a hydroxyapatite phase and mainly composed of TTCP phase.

Abstract: A tetracalcium phosphate (TTCP) particle for use in preparing a fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is disclosed. The TTCP particle has a basic calcium phosphate whiskers or fine crystals on a surface thereof; the basic calcium phosphate whiskers of fine crystals having a Ca/P molar greater that 1.33, and having a length up to about 5000 nm and a width up to about 500 nm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a novel process for producing a calcium phosphate cement or filler which hardens in a temperature dependent fashion in association with an endothermic reaction. In the reaction a limited amount of water is mixed with dry calcium phosphate precursors to produce a hydrated precursor paste. Hardening of the paste occurs rapidly at body temperature an is accompanied by the conversion of one or more of the reactants to poorly crystalline apatitic calcium phosphate. The hardened cements, fillers, growth matrices, orthopedic and delivery devices of the invention are rapidly resorbable and stimulate hard tissue growth and healing.

Abstract: This invention relates to a cement, which comprises in its main phase of microcrystalline magnesium ammonium phosphate and nanoapatite after hardening and thus at the same time has considerable strength. The material is biologically degradable and is suitable for application in tooth cements, as bone replacement, as bone filler, as bone cement or as bone adhesive.

Abstract: The present invention discloses an inorganic bone adhesive and its use in human hard tissue repairs. The inorganic bone adhesive comprises basic compound, phosphate, calcium phosphate bone cement and retarder with the characteristics of rapid hydration rate and high early strength. Inorganic Bone adhesive can be widely used in the artificial joints fixation, screw fixation as well as comminuted fracture fixation. It is a kind of safe and effective adhesive material and beneficial for the fast postoperative recovery. The final hydration reaction products contains the composition of magnesium phosphate, bio-mineral containing ammonium and apatite-like materials, which has excellent biocompatibility and can be gradually absorbed by surrounding tissues after being implanted in vivo, which benefits the in-growth of the new bone.

Abstract: A calcium phosphate cement suitable for use in dental and bone prosthesis is disclosed, which include calcium phosphate particles having a diameter of 0.05 to 100 microns, wherein said calcium phosphate particles on their surfaces have whiskers or fine crystals having a width ranging from 1 to 100 nm and a length ranging from 1 to 1000 nm.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a three-dimensional printing system and method, and an article made therefrom. The method of the present invention includes building cross-sectional portions of a three dimensional article, and assembling the individual cross-sectional areas in a layer-wise fashion to form a final article. The individual cross-sectional areas are built using an ink-jet printhead to deliver an aqueous fluid to a particle material that includes a first particulate material, a second particulate material, and a third particulate material, wherein the first and second particulate materials react in the presence of the fluid in a period of time, and the third particulate material reacts in the presence of the fluid to form a solid in a longer period of time.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to magnesium phosphate ceramics and their methods of manufacture. The composition of the invention is produced by combining a mixture of a substantially dry powder component with a liquid component. The substantially dry powder component comprises a sparsely soluble oxide powder, an alkali metal phosphate powder, a sparsely soluble silicate powder, with the balance of the substantially dry powder component comprising at least one powder selected from the group consisting of bioactive powders, biocompatible powders, fluorescent powders, fluoride releasing powders, and radiopaque powders. The liquid component comprises a pH modifying agent, a monovalent alkali metal phosphate in aqueous solution, the balance of the liquid component being water. The use of calcined magnesium oxide as the oxide powder and hydroxylapatite as the bioactive powder produces a self-setting ceramic that is particularly suited for use in dental and orthopedic applications.

Abstract: A cement powder is disclosed that contains reactive tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles and other ingredients required to form a cementous material. Methods of making the reactive tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles, the cement powder, the cement paste, and cured cement are also provided, as are methods and articles for using the cement.

Abstract: A fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is prepared by a process which can be carried out with a heat treatment up to 1000° C. on a mixture of a wetting solution and a calcium phosphate powder having a Ca to P molar ratio of 0.5–2.5. The wetting solution suitable for use in the process of the present invention includes water, an organic solvent, an acidic and basic solution. A setting solution for mixing with the heated powder to form the fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement may be water, an acidic or basic solution according to the process of the present invention.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition for converting fabric into construction material. The present invention also relates to construction material made from fabric and the process of its manufacture.

Abstract: A bone replacement material and therapy comprises the combination of calcium phosphate compounds and two or more soluble fillers in the form of fibers, mesh or other materials which have the dual functions of reinforcing an in vivo implant while dissolving at a programmed rate to form macropores capable of receiving natural bone ingrowth.

Abstract: A structural material of a polystyrene base and the reaction product of the polystyrene base and a solid phosphate ceramic. The ceramic is applied as a slurry which includes one or more of a metal oxide or a metal hydroxide with a source of phosphate to produce a phosphate ceramic and a poly (acrylic acid or acrylate) or combinations or salts thereof and polystyrene or MgO applied to the polystyrene base and allowed to cure so that the dried aqueous slurry chemically bonds to the polystyrene base. A method is also disclosed of applying the slurry to the polystyrene base.

Abstract: A bone replacement material and therapy comprises the combination of calcium phosphate compounds and two or more soluble fillers in the form of fibers, mesh or other materials which have the dual functions of reinforcing an in vivo implant while dissolving at a programmed rate to form macropores capable of receiving natural bone ingrowth.

Abstract: The invention describes a new calcium phosphate cement powder, whose composition can best be described over the Ca/P molar ratio range of 1.35 to 1.40, most preferably 1.39, and whose two components were prepared by wet chemical synthesis procedures. One component is chemically-synthesized, bi-phasic alpha-TCP (Ca3(PO4)2, 95 wt %)+HA (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, 5 wt %) powder, while the second component is again a chemically-synthesized, single-phase DCPD (CaHPO4·2H2O) powder. A setting solution (Na2HPO4·2H2O) is used to form a self-setting calcium phosphate cement from the powder mixture. This cement can be used as bone filler or bone substitute in applications, which require higher rates of resorption.

Abstract: This invention relates to a cement, which comprises in its main phase of microcrystalline magnesium ammonium phosphate and nanoapatite after hardening and thus at the same time has considerable strength. The material is biologically degradable and is suitable for application in tooth cements, as bone replacement, as bone filler, as bone cement or as bone adhesive.

Abstract: A method for controlling the formation of a hydroxyapatite bone filler from dry calcium phosphate precursors in an aqueous solution uses coated sodium phosphate powder. The sodium phosphate powder is coated with a water soluble cellulose. Until the cellulose dissolves in the aqueous solution setting of the calcium phosphate cements proceeds slowly but when the exposed sodium phosphate particles start to solubilize in the aqueous solution the setting rate increases.

Abstract: A fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is prepared by a process which can be carried out with a heat treatment up to 1000° C. on a mixture of a wetting solution and a calcium phosphate powder having a Ca to P molar ratio of 0.5-2.5. The wetting solution suitable for use in the process of the present invention includes water, an organic solvent, an acidic and basic solution. A setting solution for mixing with the heated powder to form the fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement may be water, an acidic or basic solution according to the process of the present invention.

Abstract: Methods are provide for producing flowable compositions, e.g. pastes, that set into calcium phosphate products. In the subject methods, dry reactants that include a calcium source and a phosphate source are combined with a silicate-phosphate setting fluid, and the combined liquids and solids are mixed to produce the flowable composition. Also provided are the compositions themselves as well as kits for preparing the same. The subject methods and compositions produced thereby find use in a variety of applications, including the repair of hard tissue defects, e.g., bone defects.

Abstract: A fast-setting two-part calcium phosphate cement formulation that, when mixed, is capable of hardening and forming an integral mass in less than four minutes. The integral mass is approximately 2 to 10 wt % carbonate-substituted hydroxyapatite that has a calcium/phosphate molar ratio of about 1.33 to 2.0. The cement formulation contains: (a) ultra-fine dry powder ingredients, with an average particle size smaller than 2 &mgr;m (preferably smaller than 0.5 &mgr;m and most preferably smaller than 100 nanometers) in diameter, comprising a partially neutralized phosphoric acid, a calcium phosphate source, and calcium carbonate in an amount ranging from about 9.33 to 70 wt % of the dry powder ingredients; and (b) a physiologically acceptable aqueous lubricant solution selected from the group consisting of 0.01 to 2M sodium phosphate solution at pH 6 to 11 and 0.

Abstract: The invention concerns injectable bone filling cements, in particular hydraulic calcium phosphate cements, the latter being prepared from at least two initial liquid or pasty constituents comprising each a species reactive in solution or in suspension, the solidification process being initiated when said constituents are being mixed.

Abstract: The present invention provides cement compositions with improved corrosion resistance, and methods of using the compositions in a subterranean formation. The cement composition comprises a high alumina cement, vitrified shale, a soluble phosphate, and water sufficient to form a slurry. Optionally, other additives may be included, such as accelerants, retardants, dispersants, and the like.

Abstract: A cement powder is disclosed that contains reactive tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles and other ingredients required to form a cementous material. Methods of making the reactive tricalcium phosphate nanoparticles, the cement powder, the cement paste, and cured cement are also provided, as are methods and articles for using the cement.

Abstract: The invention concerns a novel phosphomagnesium mortar and the method for obtaining such a mortar. The mortar is a phosphomagnesium mortar comprising a phosphomagnesium binder containing a phosphorus compound and a magnesium compound, granular elements, and water in a E/L ratio less than 0.38, E representing the amount of water and L the amount of magnesium compound, and whereof the fluidity is at least 150%.

Abstract: A bone or dental implant material in the form of a paste includes a mixture of calcium phosphate powders, that are capable of forming hydroxyapatite, with liquid glycerol and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and Na2HPO4. The paste will harden upon exposure to water with the time to harden controlled by the choice and ratio of constituents.

Abstract: This invention relates to a cement, which comprises in its main phase of microcrystalline magnesium ammonium phosphate and nanoapatite after hardening and thus at the same time has considerable strength. The material is biologically degradable and is suitable for application in tooth cements, as bone replacement, as bone filler, as bone cement or as bone adhesive.

Abstract: A fast-setting, fibrous, Portland Cement-based building material is made by soaking wood chips in water to provide substantially saturated wood chips, combining the saturated wood chips with a slurry of Portland cement to provide a wood chip/cement slurry, mixing a slurry of monomagnesium phosphate (“MOP”) with the wood chip/cement slurry to provide a quick-setting MOP/wood chip/cement composition, and compressing the quick-setting MOP/wood chip/cement composition to make the fast-setting, fibrous, Portland Cement-based building material. The inventive composition combines the best properties of cement and wood, yet uses recycled materials to make an environmentally-friendly building material.

Abstract: A new method for combining magnesium oxide, MgO, and magnesium dihydrogen phosphate to form an inexpensive compactible ceramic to stabilize very low solubility metal oxides, ashes, swarfs, and other iron or metal-based additives, to create products and waste forms which can be poured or dye cast, and to reinforce and strengthen the ceramics formed by the addition of fibers to the initial ceramic mixture.

Abstract: The invention describes a new calcium phosphate cement powder, whose composition can best be described over the Ca/P molar ratio range of 1.35 to 1.40, most preferably 1.39, and whose two components were prepared by wet chemical synthesis procedures. One component is chemically-synthesized, bi-phasic alpha-TCP (Ca3(PO4)2, 95 wt %)+HA (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, 5 wt %) powder, while the second component is again a chemically-synthesized, single-phase DCPD (CaHPO4.2H20) powder. A setting solution (Na2HPO4.2H2O) is used to form a self-setting calcium phosphate cement from the powder mixture. This cement can be used as bone filler or bone substitute in applications, which require higher rates of resorption.

Abstract: A cement repair material composition is provided for repairing thin concrete. The composition comprises, in weight percentages: fine aggregates, 50-80%; cement, 10-20%, said cement being selected from the group consisting of expansive hydraulic cement, gypsum cement, and magnesium phosphate cement; reinforcing fibers such as polyethylene, steel and fiberglass fibers, 1-5%; and a first water-reducing chemical additive, and a second shrinkage compensating chemical additive, a combined 0.01 to 5%.

Abstract: A brushite cement for surgical purposes includes a first component including a basic calcium phosphate, a second component including an acidic phosphate, a third component including water, and a fourth component including a source of magnesium used to stabilize an end-product of the setting reaction between the components. The solubility of the source of magnesium is smaller than 100 g/L. The components are chosen in such an amount that (i) the pH of the cement past during setting is lower than 6.0; and (ii) the end-product of the setting reaction comprises dicalcium phosphate dihydrate.

Abstract: A calcium phosphate cement suitable for use in dental and bone prosthesis is disclosed, which include calcium phosphate particles having a diameter of 0.05 to 100 microns, wherein said calcium phosphate particles on their surfaces have whiskers or fine crystals having a width ranging from 1 to 100 nm and a length ranging from 1 to 1000 nm.

Abstract: This invention relates to a cement, which consists in its main phase of microcrystalline magnesium ammonium phosphate and nanoapatite after hardening and thus at the same time has considerable strength. The material is biologically degradable and is suitable for application in tooth cements, as bone replacement, as bone filler, as bone cement or as bone adhesive.

Abstract: A method of shortening a working and setting time of a CPC paste without using additives or sacrificing its strength, which includes heating CPC powder so that the CPC powder is maintained at a temperature of 50-400° C. for a period of time which is greater than one minute.

Abstract: Provided are structural material for bullet traps and the like, a method of producing it, and a structure comprising it. The material is suitable for entraining and immobilizing projectiles and fine particles in a sticky gel. It is prepared by mixing cement with a thickener to form a dry mixture. Water is mixed with a fine aggregate in a mixer. The dry mixture is combined with the aqueous mixture in the mixer to form a slurry. Calcium phosphate and an alumina compound are added, mixing each separately until homogeneous. The density of the mixture is measured and an aqueous foam is added to adjust the density to a pre-specified level. Fibers are mixed into the adjusted mixture to form a homogeneous slurry that may be poured into a mold or in place at a construction site. Upon curing, the material may be used as a structural component.

Abstract: A process for preparing a paste from calcium phosphate cement includes a) mixing an aqueous acidic solution and powder containing at least one of tricalcium phosphate and tetracalcium phosphate; and b) mixing the resulting mixture from step a) and an aqueous basic solution to form a paste. The calcium phosphate cement paste is useful in dental and bone prosthesis.

Abstract: Method and composition for sealing a borehole. A chemically bonded phosphate ceramic sealant for sealing, stabilizing, or plugging boreholes is prepared by combining an oxide or hydroxide and a phosphate with water to form slurry. The slurry is introduced into the borehole where the seal, stabilization or plug is desired, and then allowed to set up to form the high strength, minimally porous sealant, which binds strongly to itself and to underground formations, steel and ceramics.

Abstract: The invention concerns a novel phosphomagnesium mortar and the method for obtaining such a mortar. The mortar is a phosphomagnesium mortar comprising a phosphomagnesium binder containing a phosphorus compound and a magnesium compound, granular elements, and water in a E/L ratio less than 0.38, E representing the amount of water and L the amount of magnesium compound, and whereof the fluidity is at least 150%.

Abstract: The invention concerns a novel phosphomagnesium hydraulic binder and a mortar obtained from said novel binder. The phosphomagnesium binder comprises at least a magnesium compound and a mixture of phosphorus compounds, the mixture comprising at least two compounds selected among an aluminum phosphate, a potassium phosphate and an ammonium phosphate. Said binder preserves good mechanical properties after exposure to high temperatures.

Abstract: A fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement is prepared by a process which can be carried out with a heat treatment up to 1000° C. on a mixture of a wetting solution and a calcium phosphate powder having a Ca to P molar ratio of 0.5-2.5. The wetting solution suitable for use in the process of the present invention includes water, an organic solvent, an acidic and basic solution. A setting solution for mixing with the heated powder to form the fast-setting, bioresorbable calcium phosphate cement may be water, an acidic or basic solution according to the process of the present invention.

Abstract: A composition and method for treating a set gypsum-containing material are disclosed. The composition is formed from at least water at least one trimetaphosphate salt, at least one monobasic phosphate salt, and at least one acyclic polyphosphate salt having at least three phosphate units. The method comprises applying to a set gypsum material at least two of the following inorganic phosphates: at least one monobasic phosphate salt, at least one trimetaphosphate salt, and at least one acyclic polyphosphate salt having at least three phosphate units. The method can be for inhibiting re-calcination of a set gypsum containing material, and/or for enhancing the strength, surface hardness, paintability, abrasion resistance, and/or water erosion resistance of a set gypsum-containing material. Also disclosed is a method of making a set gypsum-containing material.