Abstract: This invention discloses a composition and a method of using the composition to cement a borehole penetrating a subsurface earth formation. The composition, the random polymerization product of two or three different vinyl-containing monomers including a vinylamide morpholine derivative, operates to reduce fluid loss from the cement slurry used to cement the borehole to the subsurface formation.

Abstract: The invention provides cementitious mixtures, particularly for use as shotcrete binding materials. The resultant shotcrete has characteristics of rapid setting as low as 5 to 10 minutes, high early compressive strength (5 to 25 MPa in two hours curing, 20 to 60 MPa in one day curing), high permanent compressive strength and negligible shrinkage. High aluminous content roasted cement clinkers with gypsum, anhydrite, lime, limestone, bentonite and other additives are used in the mixtures. There are especially suitable for use in shotcrete engineering. The methods of using the improved shotcrete are similar to those of using Portland cement, with significantly decreased rebound at site.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to an insulating coating for refractory articles, adapted to be applied by spraying or gunning, which is easy to apply, cost effective, eliminates the potential health hazards associated with ceramic fiber paper, and which imparts sufficient insulating properties to the refractory article in high temperature environments. More particularly, the present invention is directed to an insulating coating and a method of preparing the insulating coating wherein the coating composition is comprised of about 25% to about 75% by weight of lightweight aggregate, up to about 25% to about 75% by weight of binder, up to 0.5% by weight of organic fiber, up to about 15% by weight of an additive to improve green strength, and up to about 5% by weight of a foaming agent.

Abstract: A cement composition excelling in the slump retaining property which comprises at least cement admixture comprising as a main ingredient thereof (I) a copolymer (A) of short-chain polyalkylene glycol (meth)acrylate (a), a long-chain polyalkylene glycol (meth)acrylate (b), a carboxylic acid monomer (c), and a monomer copolymerizable with the monomers mentioned above or a salt of the copolymer (B), (II) a copolymer (A.sub.1) of the monomers (a), (c), and (d) mentioned above or a salt thereof, (III) a mixture of a copolymer (A.sub.1) of the monomers (a), (c), and (d) mentioned above or a salt (B.sub.1) of thereof with a known cement admixture, or (IV) a polycarboxylic acid based polymer (A.sub.3) manifesting to a calcium sulfoaluminate based expansive additive an adsorption ratio of not less than 90% in 5 minutes at room temperature when added in an amount of 0.1% by weight as solids or a salt (B.sub.

Abstract: This development produces a rapid hardening hydraulic cement, (RHHC) composite, which has less free lime to develop calcium hydroxide, and an additive, which has three components. One--a pozzolan, to combine with the lime left in the cement; Two--a plasticizer for workability, and Three--a retarder to control the set time of the resulting mix (Zircrete). The significance of the combination of the components is the development of stable properties in a glass fiber reinforced cement matrix in a fully aged or cured condition.

Abstract: The invention concerns insulating mortar which displays very good heat-insulating properties. It contains at least 70 vol. %, preferably at least 80 vol. %, in particular at least 85 vol. %, recycled, comminuted hard polyurethane, the remainder consisting of cement and optionally additives as well as water for setting purposes.

Abstract: A cement-based product is characterized by constituting a cement and filler mixture into which is incorporated a combination of a cationic additive and an anionic additive.

Abstract: The present invention provides light weight high temperature well cement compositions and methods. The compositions are basically comprised of calcium phosphate cement, water, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer and a gas present in an amount sufficient to form a foam having a density in the range from about 11.5 to about 15 pounds per gallon.

Abstract: The properties of cement matrices are improved by one or more of the three processes, which can be performed individually, sequentially, or in any desired combination. In each instance a supercritical fluid is or includes a solvent for one of two (or more) reactants such as a monomer and a polymer initiator. The resulting mixture is infused into the matrix under supercritical conditions. The other reactant is placed into the matrix; for example, by incorporating it in the wet cement paste prior to curing. When the mixture is infused into the matrix, the reactants react and change the cement matrix in predictable, desired ways. The solvent itself may or may not be supercritical, and if it is not, it is mixed with a supercritical fluid, which might or might not be another solvent. In this manner, the inside of the matrix may be coated and/or sealed with a polymer, for example, or the entire cement matrix may be rendered relatively flexible and ductile.

Abstract: A hardening composition comprising a hardening component and hardening agents, said hardening component consisting essentially of magnesium oxide, said hardening agents consisting essentially of propylene carbonate and water, content of said magnesium oxide being 100 parts by weight, content of said propylene carbonate being 1 to 60 parts by weight, and content of said water being 20 to 135 parts by weight. Further disclosed are a hardened product prepared by hardening the hardening composition, and a method for producing the hardened product.

Abstract: Rapid setting cementitious compositions comprise hydraulic cement and at least 4% by weight based on the weight of the cement of a water-soluble malate or citramalate such as an alkali metal malate or alkali metal citramalate.

Abstract: A process for fluidizing an aqueous suspension of mineral particles or hydraulic binder pastes which comprises admixing said aqueous suspension of mineral particles or hydraulic binder pastes with one or more compounds or salts of compounds corresponding to the general formula: ##STR1## wherein: R is a hydrogen atom or a saturated or unsaturated monovalent hydrocarbon group comprising 1 to 18 carbon atoms and optionally one or more heteroatoms;R.sub.i is an alkylene or an arylene group optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms;Q is a hydrocarbon group comprising 2 to 18 carbon atoms and optionally one or more heteroatoms;A is an alkylidene group comprising 1 to 5 carbon atoms;R.sub.j is selected from the group consisting of an A-PO.sub.3 H.sub.2 group, an alkyl group comprising 1 to 18 carbon atoms and the group ##STR2## wherein R.sub.k is selected from the group consisting of an A-PO.sub.3 H.sub.2 group and an alkyl group and B is an alkylene group;n is 1 to 10,000;r is the sum of ?R-O(R.sub.i -O).sub.

Abstract: Drainage concrete having a void volume of from 10 to 35% by volume and methods for its production and use. The drainage concrete comprising a) a hydraulic binder selected from the group consisting of cements, b) a polymeric binder comprising an anionic styrene/(meth)acrylate copolymer, and c) aggregates having particle sizes in the range from 2 to 32 mm and is suitable for producing a noise-reducing, highly absorbent, and water-permeable road surfacing which meets traffic safety requirements.

Abstract: The invention concerns a MDF cement material showing better impact strength meant as an increase in the breaking total energy, by fibers addition.

Abstract: A water-borne polyurethane modified cement composition is prepared from a dispersion of a water-dispersible polyurethane, a cross-linking agent, which is a polycarbodimide having N.dbd.C.dbd.N functional groups, and cement. Optionally, a water-reducing agent, and a surfactant can be added. The modified cement composition has higher tensile strength, elongation, and water resistance.

Abstract: Mortar cement additives provide workability while retaining strength by employing a multi-stage polymer comprising a hydrophobically-modified, ionically-soluble polymer stage, the polymer being soluble at a pH of 6 and above; and an air-entraining agent. The additives also employ, as optional ingredients, set retarding agents and superplasticizers. Examplary methods of the invention involve addition of the multi-stage polymer and an air entraining agent to the mortar cement, preferably during intergrinding of Portland cement in the mill. Cement compositions comprising the polymer and an air-entraining agent are also disclosed.

Abstract: The present invention provides resilient cement compositions and methods which are particularly useful in the construction and repair of oil and gas wells. The compositions have improved expansion properties and are basically comprised of a hydraulic cementitious material, rubber particles derived from automobile tires, sufficient water to form a pumpable slurry, and a dispersing agent.

Abstract: A cementitious material in powder form comprising cement, also comprises sufficient of a granulated hydrophobing additive, which comprises from 5 to 15 parts by weight of an organopolysiloxane component, from 10 to 40 parts by weight of a water-soluble or water-dispersible binder and from 50 to 80 parts by weight of a carrier particle, to give from 0.01 to 5% by weight of the organosiloxane component based on the weight of the cement. The cementitious material displays good hydrophobicity, which may improve upon subsequent wettings of the applied cementitious material to a substrate.

Abstract: An air entraining agent based on rosin for a composition which contains cement and which is one of mortar or concrete includes at least one rosin salt which is a reaction product of materials including rosin and from 0.

Abstract: A hydraulic cement composition is disclosed which utilizes as part of an expansive component novel coated particles of high alumina cement. The particles have a core of substantially unhydrated high alumina cement and an outer layer of hydration products of the core, which outer layer delays the reaction of the particles with other materials in the composition. By varying the nature and relative amounts of the coated particles the amount the cement composition may expand and the setting time of the cement may be varied. The coated particles may be formed by partial hydration, drying and grinding of a mixture of high alumina cement powder alone with water.

Abstract: A hydraulic composition comprising a water-soluble polymer in the form of a polyalkylene oxide derivative having a hydroxyl number of at most 50 KCH-mg/g in terms of terminal hydroxyl groups rendered hydrophobic, a surfactant having a weight-average molecular weight of at most 5,000, a superplasticizer, and a hydraulic powder, which can be endowed with high flowability, aggregate segregation resistance, and strength to remarkably improve the method of using concrete and the method of placing concrete and to thereby greatly enhance the far-reaching effect of eliminating noise pollution particularly in the production of concrete products and streamlining the production of the concrete products.

Abstract: A grouting material which is self-dispersing when brought into contact with a volume of water containing liquor or slurry and is settable to a solid mass after such dispersion, the material being in the form of self-dispersing granules or pellets and comprising a blend of component (A): a cementive constituent forming from 10 per cent to 95 per cent by weight of the composition; component (B): a dispersing constituent forming from 2 per cent to 75 per cent by weight of the composition; optional component (C): a swelling constituent which forms from 0 per cent to 50 per cent by weight of the composition; and component (D): a binder constituent which forms from 0.1 per cent to 10 per cent by weight of the composition; the percentages of components A, B, C and D adding to 100 per cent.

Abstract: An inorganic hardening composition contains 100 parts by weight of an alkaline earth metal oxide, and 5 to 80 parts by weight of an organic carbonic acid compound.

Abstract: Process for protecting articles from shock comprising encasing such articles in a plurality of molded blocks of a composition capable of progressively and irreversibly deforming in response to such shocks, said composition comprising cellulosic fibers dispersed in a matrix of at least one non-hydrated hydraulic binder, wherein from 2.5 to 75 parts by weight of the cellulosic fibers are dispersed per 100 parts by weight of said binder, said composition, upon curing and drying, exhibiting a density between 0.15 and 0.60.

Abstract: Cement comprising hydraulic cement and polymer precursor such as alcohol-soluble phenol resin precursor that is substantially anhydrous and generates water by polymerization.

Abstract: A method of controlling the hydration of a cementitious composition comprising the steps of:i) providing a cementitious composition containing an amount of a neutralized salt of an alpha-monohydroxy carboxylic acid effective to retard the cementitious composition, said carboxylic acid containing two or more carboxylic acid groups, and subsequently,ii) adding an additional amount of said neutralized salt of an alpha monohydroxy carboxylic acid or a second neutralized salt of an alpha monohydroxy carboxylic acid in an amount sufficient to activate hydration of the retarded cementitious composition, said cementitious composition comprising hydraulic binder and water.

Abstract: Novel water-soluble linear copolymers of vinylacetate with monomeric addition products of amines, amino acids, amino groups containing aromatic sulfonic acids, amino alcohols of maleic anthydride. The copolymers are useful as fluidizers in water containing solid matter suspensions.

Abstract: A method of rapidly forming in place a cementitious structure comprising mixing a cement composition with an amount of a water soluble citrate effective to accelerate the setting of the cement in the presence of sufficient water for hydraulic setting of the cement, and delivering the resulting composition while fluid to the place for forming the cementitious structure.

Abstract: A concrete composition capable of inhibiting shrinkage of structural concrete structures is disclosed. The concrete is formed with an admixture composed of at least one secondary/tertiary alkanediol.

Abstract: Cement comprising hydraulic cement and polymer precursor such as alcohol-soluble phenol resin precursor that is substantially anhydrous and generates water by polymerization.

Abstract: Cement comprising hydraulic cement and polymer precursor such as alcohol-soluble phenol resin precursor that is substantially anhydrous and generates water by polymerization.

Abstract: A pulverulent mix, sprayable when mixed with a liquid for forming a stable, cement-bonded insulating refractory which can be sprayed onto vertical and overhead surfaces without deformation, comprising a lightweight and/or dense refractory aggregate, a calcium aluminate cement, a microsilica, a ball clay, and a superfine refractory. The superfine refractory comprises 2 to 15 wt. % of the mix and the -325 mesh portion of the mix being from about 40 to 60 wt. %.

Abstract: Rapid setting cementitious compositions comprise hydraulic cement and at least 4% by weight based on the weight of the cement of a water-soluble malate or citramalate such as an alkali metal malate or alkali metal citramalate.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved cementitious compositions which can include drilling fluid as a component thereof and methods of cementing wells utilizing such compositions. The compositions are basically comprised of a cementitious material, water, a hardenable resinous material and optionally, drilling fluid in an amount up to about 70% by volume of the cementitious material in the composition.

Abstract: In a process for accelerating the setting and hardening of a material which contains a hydraulic binder or which consists of a hydraulic binder there is used a setting accelerator mixture which is free of alkali metals and free of chlorides. Said setting accelerating mixture contains at least one water soluble sulfate of a polyvalent cation and a further constituent which is selected from the group consisting of calcium aluminate, calcium sulfoaluminate, basic aluminum salts, mixtures thereof or mixtures containing at least one of said constituents and a further component. If the water soluble sulfate of the polyvalent cation is aluminum sulfate, then said compound has to contain crystal water in order to provide the water solubility of said product.

Abstract: A system and method for dispersing pigment in cement based compositions comprising a predetermined and prepackaged amount of a cement based component and a predetermined and prepackaged amount of an aqueous dispersion of a pigment containing component.

Abstract: A cementitious composition comprising(a) a cementitious material;(b) a fly ash which has a calcium oxide content of from 15-45% by weight;(c) a hydroxycarboxylic acid; and(d) a water-soluble source of alkali metal ions.The compositions are useful as concretes, grouts and mortars.

Abstract: A solidified waste is formed from a difficult-to-compact hydraulic cement slurry for use in the disposal of hazardous waste. The slurry contains inorganic non-compactible hydraulic cement particles, a concrete superplasticizer compound, water, and filler particles containing radionuclide and/or toxic contaminants. The slurry is then transferred to a storage vessel, such as a subterranean formation, to cast a stronger, denser solidified waste than a comparable solidified waste containing no superplasticizer.

Abstract: Hydraulic cement set-accelerating admixture compositions; cement compositions containing such admixtures; and methods for preparing said cement compositions. The admixture compositions comprise one or more nitroalcohols present in an amount effective to increase the set acceleration of a hydraulic cement composition. The invention further relates to a method of making a hydraulic cement composition comprising adding to a cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement binder, a nitroalcohol component in an amount effective to increase the set-acceleration of the binder, and to a cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement binder and a nitroalcohol set-accelerating agent.

Abstract: A concrete pipe liner is formed from a difficult-to-compact hydraulic cement slurry applied to a pipe interior. The slurry contains inorganic non-compactible hydraulic cement particles, a concrete superplasticizer component, water, and optionally and preferably filler particles. The pipe is then spun to centrifugally cast a stronger, denser pipe liner than a comparable liner containing no superplasticizer.

Abstract: A high alumina wellbore cementing composition is provided, the composition comprising:a) high alumina cement; andb) a polyacrylic acid phosphinate having a molecular weight of about 3800 in an amount effective to prevent gelation of the cementing composition for a time period of at least three hours.This composition can remain pumpable for a time period sufficiently long to place the cement in a wellbore using conventional wellbore cementing procedures, and, after the composition is cured, is capable of withstanding elevated wellbore temperatures.

Abstract: A cementitious mixture includes hydraulic cement, fly ash, and an effective amount of unfired nature finely divided material, such as a clay, containing at least about 35% alumina, to accelerate the early strength of a mix. A method of accelerating early strength in a cementitious mix comprises the adding of alumina in the form of an unfired raw material, such as clay, in an effective amount in such mix.

Abstract: Set retarded cement compositions and methods of using the compositions for cementing zones in wells at temperatures in the range of from about 200.degree. F. to about 450.degree. F. are provided.

Abstract: Concrete compositions are provided which contain particulate rubber, preferably recycled rubber from such sources as automobile tires, in amounts between about 0.05 and about 20 percent by weight of the concrete composition. The concrete compositions further contain portland cement, water, and an aggregate material. Additional materials such as superplasticizers and fly ash can also be admixed with the concrete compositions.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cement composition containing a shrinkage reducing amount of an alkyl ether derivative of an aliphatic polyhydroxy compound of the formula:Q--[(A).sub.n --OR].sub.xwherein Q is a C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 aliphatic hydrocarbon group, R is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl, at least one R being the C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group, A is C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 oxyalkylene, n is 0-10, and x is 3-5.

Abstract: Lightweight concrete roof tiles are produced by extruding a latex/cement/lightweight aggregates/water mix in a prescribed sequence. The composition comprises:(a) 45-65 parts by weight of an acrylic latex emulsion;(b) 130-180 parts by weight of a cement;(c) 360-400 parts by weight of expanded shale lightweight aggregates; and(d) 50-75 parts by weight of additional water.This lightweight concrete roof tile of the present invention is about half the weight and about the same strength, and absorbs the same amount of water of conventional roof tiles.

Abstract: Rubber-crumb-reinforced cement-concrete structures (such as mortar (0), cement board (30), concrete masonry units (40), and concrete pipe (50)) provide resistance to cracking, increase resistance to acid rain, lower weight, improve shock wave absorption, lower heat conductivity and improve the acoustical environment. The structures preferably are made of concrete having a predetermined proportion (from about 1 to about 30 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of cement) of recycled scrap rubber crumbs which are preferably undirectionally aligned in the cross-section of the structures.

Abstract: The present invention relates to the use of .alpha., .beta.-amino alcohols as a cement admixture to inhibit drying shrinkage of resultant cement compositions.

Abstract: Compositions containing crystalline, straight chain, alkyl hydrocarbons as phase change materials including cementitious compositions containing the alkyl hydrocarbons neat or in pellets or granules formed by incorporating the alkyl hydrocarbons in polymers or rubbers; and polymeric or elastomeric compositions containing alkyl hydrocarbons.

Abstract: The present invention is a specific combination of components having unique properties both in composition and benefits. Such a combination has been found in alkali or alkaline earth metal nitrates, alkanolamines and alkali or alkaline earth metal thiocyanates. In such combinations it has also been found that alkaline and alkali earth thiosulfates and chlorides below the concentration level where corrosion is promoted may advantageously be substituted for all or part of the thiocyanates and that diethanolamine, N,N-di(hydroxyethyl)glycine (bicine) and N,N-di(hydroxyethyl)-.beta.-aminopropionic acid (DAPA) and certain alkanolamines and alkanolamino acids and derivatives may advantageously be substituted for all or part of the triethanolamine.