Abstract: Methods and compositions for cementing are disclosed. Embodiments include a method of cementing comprising: providing a set-delayed cement composition comprising water, pumice, hydrated lime, a primary set retarder, a secondary set retarder; activating the set-delayed cement composition to produce an activated cement composition; introducing the activated cement composition into a subterranean formation; and allowing the activated cement composition to set in the subterranean formation.

Abstract: A dry papercrete mix is formed by preparing a wet pulp of fiber material such as newsprint and sharp sand by mixing sand, fiber material and water in a batch or continuous mixer, drying the pulp to a moisture content below that which will cause a reaction with Portland cement and adding additional sand and/or pumice and Portland cement. The resulting dry mix can then be handled, stored and used in the manner which is conventional for concrete. The dry papercrete mix can also be applied by pouring the dry papercrete mix into a form in a dry state and injecting water into the dry mix until the mix is sufficiently wetted without mixing in the manner common for concrete. Structural modules and a technique for joining them into a structure are particularly appropriate to the use of dry application papercrete.

Abstract: An inorganic board contains, in a solid content ratio, 30 to 70 mass % of hydraulic material, 5 to 15 mass % of reinforcing fiber, and 1 to 30 mass % of wollastonite having a wet volume (after being allowed to stand for 30 minutes) of 15 to 45 ml. Also, a method includes: step of producing a slurry containing hydraulic material, reinforcing fiber, and wollastonite; step of producing a sheet by dehydrating the slurry; and step of pressing and curing the sheet; wherein, in the step of producing a slurry, a composition of the slurry is set so as to contain, in a solid content ratio, 30 to 70 mass % of hydraulic material, 5 to 15 mass % of reinforcing fiber, and 1 to 30 mass % of wollastonite having a wet volume (after being allowed to stand for 30 minutes) of 15 to 45 ml.

Abstract: A cementitious mixture for high-volume production of masonry products comprises a hydraulic binder accounting for 20 wt % or more of the cementitious mixture, the hydraulic binder comprising 75 to 100 wt % Class C fly ash with a CaO equivalent content of at least 15% by weight. The cementitious mixture also comprises one or more aggregates, and a set control system.

Abstract: A cementitious mixture for high-volume production of masonry products comprises a hydraulic binder accounting for 20 wt % or more of the cementitious mixture, the hydraulic binder comprising 75 to 100 wt % Class C fly ash with a CaO equivalent content of at least 15% by weight. The cementitious mixture also comprises one or more aggregates, and a set control system.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an alkali-activated binder which can be used as a binder for replacing cement, and more particularly, to an alkali-activated binder, and to mortar, concrete, concrete products, and wet loess paving material comprising the binder, in which inorganic sodium-free alkaline materials are contained to reduce the total amount of Na2O and K2O in concrete, thus improving the workability and the strength stability and inhibiting the alkali-aggregate reaction.

Abstract: A hydraulically curable composition, in particular for the production of concrete, mortar, screed, or render having improved freeze-thaw resistance, as well as a process for producing the composition. The composition includes the constituents cement, additional constituents, and organofunctional silicon compounds, and optionally aggregates and admixtures. The composition also contains the additional constituents fly ash and silica dust, in each case independently based on the weight of cement, in an amount of from 1 to 25% by weight and the organofunctional silicon compounds in an amount of from 0.1 to 5% by weight based on the weight of cement.

Abstract: A geopolymer concrete formed by mixing about 3% to about 43% by weight incinerator fly ash, about 3% to about 35% by weight coal fly ash, about 7% to about 38% by weight alkaline activator liquid, and about 31% to about 70% by weight aggregate. The incinerator fly ash may be derived from a solid waste incinerator facility. The alkaline activator liquid may include a sodium hydroxide solution and sodium silicate. The aggregate may include a fine aggregate, such as sand, and a coarse aggregate, such as gravel.

Abstract: Compositions are disclosed that comprise at least one compound of formula IV: wherein the variable are as defined in the specification. The compositions are antimicrobial and optionally curable, and useful, inter alia, in dental, medical, and industrial applications for reinforcement and/or adhering two surfaces together.

Abstract: A method of producing cementitious mixtures containing fly ash as one of the cementitious components, under air entrainment conditions is described. The method involves forming a mixture comprising water, cement, fly ash, optionally other cementitious materials, aggregate, conventional chemical admixtures, and an air entrainment agent and agitating the mixture to entrain air therein. Additionally, at least one amine sacrificial agent is included in the mixture. The cementitious mixtures and hardened concretes resulting from the method and fly ash treated with sacrificial agent, or air entrainment agent/sacrificial agent combinations, are also described.

Abstract: A dry composition including at least one binder and at least one silicone oil with the following formula (I): in which: Z1 and Z2, identical or different, independently represent a terminal group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom; a hydroxyl; a linear or branched, optionally substituted C1 to C12 alkyl; a linear or branched, optionally substituted C2 to C12 alkenyl radical; a linear or branched, optionally substituted C1 to C12 heteroalkyl; an optionally substituted C5 to C10 cycloalkyl radical; and an optionally substituted C6 to C18 aryl radical; R1 and R2, identical or different, independently represent a hydrogen atom; a hydroxyl; a linear or branched, optionally substituted C1 to C12 alkyl; a linear or branched, optionally substituted C2 to C12 alkenyl radical; a linear or branched, optionally substituted C1 to C12 heteroalkyl; an optionally substituted C5 to C10 cycloalkyl radical; or an optionally substituted C6 to C18 aryl radical; m and n, identical or different, independen

Abstract: A cementitious composition including at least one cementitious and/or pozzolanic material and at least one desugared molasses. A method of preparing a cementitious composition including forming a mixture of water, at least one cementitious and/or pozzolanic material and at least one desugared molasses. An admixture for cementitious compositions including: (i) at least one desugared molasses; and (ii) at least one alkanolamine and/or at least one polyhydroxyalkylamine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydraulic setting mixture comprising: a) 6% to 25% by weight of cement, b) 50% to 90% by weight of at least one aggregate, and c) 0.001% to 8% by weight of at least one fluoroorganyl-substituted silicon compound, and also to materials produced from this mixture, more particularly components, concrete articles or mouldings. The invention further relates to the use of a hydraulic setting mixture of the invention for producing materials, more particularly components, concrete articles or mouldings, for example as face concrete, where the surface of the materials exhibits only relatively low soiling tendency (“easy-to-clean” property) even on abrasion.

Abstract: Various methods for forming structural composites are disclosed. For example, a particular method may include adding an effective amount of algae extract to an aggregate mixture so as to provide a plasticizer to the aggregate mixture, and processing the aggregate mixture to form a hardened composite.

Abstract: Cementitious compositions in which the cementitious properties of fly ash are carefully controlled are described. The cementitious compositions may be substantially free harsh acids and bases such as citric acids (?pH 2.2) and alkali metal activators including alkali hydroxides (?pH 12-14) and metal carbonates (?pH 11.6). The use of these harsh chemicals creates acid base reactions during use of the products. Instead of these harsh chemicals, a lactic acid salt based activator is be used as a reaction accelerator. Boric compounds may be used as a retarder in the compositions.

Abstract: A cementitious composition including at least one cementitious and/or pozzolanic material and at least one desugared molasses. A method of preparing a cementitious composition including forming a mixture of water, at least one cementitious and/or pozzolanic material and at least one desugared molasses. An admixture for cementitious compositions including: (i) at least one desugared molasses; and (ii) at least one alkanolamine and/or at least one polyhydroxyalkylamine.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of the healing agent in cement-based materials and structures, wherein said healing agent comprises organic compounds and/or bacteria-loaded porous particles, which porous particles comprise expanded clay- or sintered fly-ash. Furthermore, said porous particles are intact spheres, broken or crushed particles derived from said intact spheres, having a specific density between 0.4 and 2 g cm?3.

Abstract: A method of making a rapid setting lightweight cementitious composition with improved compressive strength for products such as boards is disclosed. The method mixes fly ash, alkali metal salt of citric acid and lightweight aggregate with water. Compositions which include fly ash, alkali metal salts of citric acid and lightweight aggregate are also disclosed.

Abstract: Cement compositions comprising carboxylated inulin and methods of using the same to cement a workspace. In one embodiment, a method of cementing includes providing a cement composition comprising a carboxylated inulin, for example, in a subterranean formation. The method further includes allowing the cement composition to set. In some embodiments, the cement composition has a thickening time of from about 2 hours to about 11 hours. In other embodiments, the cement composition has a viscosity that is about constant for a period of time after the cement composition is placed.

Abstract: Inorganic polymer compositions and methods for their preparation are described herein. The compositions include the reaction product of a reactive powder, an activator, optionally a retardant, and water. The reactive powder includes 85% by weight or greater fly ash. The ratio of water to reactive powder is from 0.06:1 to less than 0.15:1. Also described herein are building materials including the compositions.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a hydraulically setting mixture comprising: a) 6% to 25% by weight of cement, b) 50% to 90% by weight of at least one aggregate, and c) 0.01% to 8% by weight of at least one fluoroorganyl-substituted silicon compound, and also to materials produced from this mixture, more particularly components, concrete articles or mouldings. The invention further relates to the use of a hydraulically setting mixture of the invention for producing materials, more particularly components, concrete articles or mouldings, for example as facing concrete, where the surface of the materials exhibits only relatively low soiling tendency (“easy-to-clean” property) even on abrasion.

Abstract: Inorganic polymer compositions and methods for their preparation are described herein. The compositions include the reaction product of a reactive powder, anhydrous calcium sulfate, an activator, and optionally a retardant. The reactive powder includes fly ash and no more than 10% by weight portland cement. The anhydrous calcium sulfate is present in an amount of 2% or greater by weight of the reactive powder. Also described herein are building materials including the compositions.

Abstract: Methods of producing inorganic polymer products are described herein. The methods include mixing reactants comprising a reactive powder, an activator, and optionally a retardant for a mixing time of 15 seconds or less to provide a reaction mixture and forming the reaction mixture into a product. Also described herein are building materials formed according to the methods.

Abstract: A plastic refractory material or a refractory mortar which harden when dried and which contain at least one light-weight filler, a binder, fibers and/or wollastonite as well as water is characterized in that blown closed-cell volcanic ash is used as the light-weight filler, the ash being provided with a superficial water-protection layer, in that an inorganic-organic hybrid binder is used as the binder, the binder containing silicic acid and an organic polymer, and in that the material or the mortar contains kaolin or kaolinite and silicon dioxide. It is suggested to publish the abstract without a drawing.

Abstract: A method includes using, as an inerting agent of carbonaceous materials, for treatment of at least one constituent of a hydraulic composition comprising at least one air-entraining agent, the constituent including the carbonaceous materials, of an admixture, including at least one polymer comprising at least one chain having hydrophobic end groups and an intermediary hydrophilic group between the end groups, the admixture being adapted to at least partially neutralise the carbonaceous materials.

Abstract: Select geopolymers are mixed, at high shear, with fluid fine tailings from an oil sand operation to increase the yield strength of deposits of the geopolymer-treated fluid fine tailings stream and to enhance the dewaterability of the deposits for meeting the regulated, minimum undrained shear strength of 5 kilopascals (kPa) in the fluid fine tailings deposited in the previous year.

Abstract: Cementitious compositions in which the cementitious properties of fly ash are carefully controlled are described. The cementitious compositions may be substantially free harsh acids and bases such as citric acids (?pH 2.2) and alkali metal activators including alkali hydroxides (?pH 12-14) and metal carbonates (?pH 11.6). The use of these harsh chemicals creates acid base reactions during use of the products. Instead of these harsh chemicals, a lactic acid salt based activator is be used as a reaction accelerator. Boric compounds may be used as a retarder in the compositions.

Abstract: A cementitious material manufactured by a process including adding, after pyroprocessing, at least one desugared molasses to at least one cementitious and/or pozzolanic material during manufacture of the at least one cementitious and/or pozzolanic material. A method of manufacturing a cementitious material including adding, after pyroprocessing, at least one desugared molasses to at least one cementitious and/or pozzolanic material during manufacture of the at least one cementitious and/or pozzolanic material.

Abstract: A cementitious composition including at least one cementitious and/or pozzolanic material and at least one desugared molasses. A method of preparing a cementitious composition including forming a mixture of water, at least one cementitious and/or pozzolanic material and at least one desugared molasses. An admixture for cementitious compositions including: (i) at least one desugared molasses; and (ii) at least one alkanolamine and/or at least one polyhydroxyalkylamine.

Abstract: Partial oxidation of crumb rubber derived from environmental hazardous waste tires yields surface treated crumb rubber and a gas condensate which are used as blending stocks for making rubberized concrete with substantially improved mechanical strength as compared to the conventional rubberized concrete. The chemically more active rubber surface becomes hydrophilic, so it interacts with the hydrophilic surface of surrounding cement matrix much stronger. The gas condensate co-produced in the partial oxidation reactor consists of mainly active sulfur oxides (R—SOx—R) and serves as an excellent bonding agent to further enhance the bonding strength between the partially oxidized rubber particles and the cement mixes. The mechanically improved rubberized concrete is more versatile than conventional rubberized concrete.

Abstract: Disclosed is a concrete repair composition including an aggregate, a binder, and a fiber reinforcement, wherein the fiber reinforcement includes jute fiber having an average thickness of 65 to 75 ?m and an average length of 3 to 6 mm. The jute fiber used for reinforcement has excellent dispersion and bonding when mixing. Also, the jute fiber has high moisture holding capacity, and thus the concrete repair composition can retain water therein during curing, thereby preventing a false-set problem caused by rapid hardening of cement.

Abstract: The present invention relates to mortars which include a blend of cellulose ether compounds and exhibit improved pot life, water retention capability, and open time, as well as high tensile strength values. These mortars can be used in the fabrication of external insulation finishing systems (EIFS), particularly in hot environments. The cellulose ether blend includes hydroxyethylcellulose ether and methylhydroxyethylcellulose ether. Water soluble anionic polyacrylamide and hydroxypropyl starch can also be added to the mortar.

Abstract: Embodiments disclose method and compositions that comprise cement kiln dust and rice husk ash. An embodiment comprises a method of cementing comprising: placing a settable composition into a subterranean formation, the settable composition comprising cement kiln dust, rice husk ash, and water; and allowing the settable composition to set.

Abstract: Method for suppressing antagonistic hydration reactions in Portland fly ash cement involves the use of unponded fly ash that is pre-hydrated, preferably as an aqueous slurry wherein fly ash, preferably having an alkaline earth metal oxide of at least 10% by weight, is soaked, whereby the hydration reaction of the resultant mixed fly ash and cement is accelerated when these components are mixed together with water to hydrate the cement. Blended Portland cement/fly ash compositions of the invention will also have higher early strength as well as shorter set time compared to untreated blends.

Abstract: A strength improvement admixture composition is provided that increases the compressive strength of cementitious compositions without negatively increasing the setting time. The admixture comprises the components of a polycarboxylate dispersant, a set retarder, and a strength improvement additive.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to plug-and-abandon operations that use plugging compositions comprising cement kiln dust, pumicite, and/or lime. An embodiment includes a method of plugging a well bore for abandonment comprising: placing a plugging composition in the well bore, the plugging composition comprising: cement kiln dust in an amount of about 5% to about 100% by weight of cementitious components, pumicite in an amount of about 5% to about 100% by weight of cementitious components, 0% to about 24% of Portland cement by weight of cementitious components, and water; and allowing the plugging composition to set and form a plug.

Abstract: Solid, flowable compositions comprising a dry, solid particulate material and a flow enhancing additive. The dry, solid particulate material may be cementitious, non-cementitious material, or a combination thereof. The flow enhancing additive comprises a solid, particulate absorbent material having absorbed thereon: a flow inducing chemical, ethylene glycol, and water. In some cases the flow inducing chemical comprises an organic acid, a salt of an organic acid, an acid anhydride, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a cementitious composite including: (1) mixing an extrudable cementitious composition by first forming a fibrous mixture comprising fibers, water and a rheology modifying agent and then adding hydraulic cement; (2) extruding the extrudable cementitious composition into a green extrudate, wherein the green extrudate is characterized by being form-stable and retaining substantially a predefined cross-sectional shape; (3) removing a portion of the water by evaporation to reduce density and increase porosity; and (4) heating the green extrudate at a temperature from greater than 65° C. to less than 99° C. is disclosed. Such a process yields a cementitious composite that is suitable for use as a wood substitute. Particularly, by using higher curing temperatures for preparing the cementitious building products, the building products have a lower bulk density and a higher flexural strength as compared to conventional products.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of a carbohydrate-based compound as a setting accelerator in a pumpable geopolymeric suspension for oil and/or gas industry applications, said suspension further comprising ‘an aluminosilicate source, a carrier fluid, and an activator, and methods of preparing such suspensions. In particular, the suspension according to the invention is used for well primary cementing operations and/or remedial applications.

Abstract: The invention relates to mixtures containing alkali-activatable aluminosilicate binders, characterized in that the mixture contains organosiloxane compounds, to the use of organosiloxane compounds for reducing shrinkage in alkali-activatable aluminosilicate binders and to the use for hydrophobization of alkali-activatable aluminosilicate binders. The invention furthermore relates to joint mortars, levelling compounds or coatings which contain the mixtures according to the invention.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition and a process for the preparation of chemical activated cold setting fly ash building construction materials. The chemical activator is an alkaline aqueous solution of 11.2 to 13.6 in pH and 1.25 to 1.40 gm/cc in density which contains admixtures of different concentrations of hydroxyl, sulfate, acetate and chloride bearing chemical salts of calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium and aluminum in water medium. The reaction of chemical activator solution and the mineral constituents of fly ash mix develop binding property. The binding matrix of chemical activated fly ash mix is mostly hydrous silica and silicate group of phases which on setting under atmospheric condition attains strength suitable for building construction application. Utilization of fly ash of any source by weight ranges from 80 to 99% in manufacture of building materials including heat and acid resistance and toxic waste disposal products.

Abstract: An application for a pre-mixed mortar, stucco or masonry composition includes a approximately 75% sand and 25% of a light-weight cement mix comprising a cement (either Portland cement or hydraulic cement), fly ash, sodium tall oil, sodium stearate, sodium C14-16 Alpha Olefin, linear alkyl benzene; and silicon dioxide.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of the healing agent in cement-based materials and structures, wherein said healing agent comprises organic compounds and/or bacteria-loaded porous particles, which porous particles comprise expanded clay- or sintered fly-ash. Furthermore, said porous particles are intact spheres, broken or crushed particles derived from said intact spheres, having a specific density between 0.4 and 2 g cm?3.

Abstract: A method of making a rapid setting lightweight homogeneous foamed fly ash based cementitious aggregate composition with improved compressive strength for products such as panels is disclosed. The method mixes fly ash, alkali metal salt of citric acid, foaming agent for entraining air, optional foam stabilizing agent, a calcium sulfate such as stucco or gypsum, and water. Compositions are also disclosed which include mixtures of fly ash, particularly Class C fly ash alone or in mixtures with Class F fly ash, alkali metal salts of citric acid, foaming agents, a calcium sulfate such as calcium sulfate dihydrate or hemihydrate and an optional portland cement.

Abstract: A composition includes at least, in % expressed by mass relative to the total mass of the composition, from 0.01 to 3% of polycarboxylic acid or salts thereof, the polycarboxylic acid including 2 to 4 carboxyl groups per molecule; and from 97 to 99.99% of a Belite-Calcium-Sulphoaluminate-Ferrite clinker (BCSAF clinker).

Abstract: The present invention discloses compositions and methods wherein air entrained in cementitious materials at least one air-entraining cement additive is detrained using an ethoxylated, propoxylated fatty alcohol or alkylphenol having robustness for withstanding the harsh temperature and mechanical shearing effects of cement grinding mills. Exemplary air-entraining cement additives include a tertiary alkanolamine, a lignosulfonic acid or salt thereof, naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, melamine sulfonate formaldehyde condensate, a glycol, a glycerin, or mixtures thereof.

Abstract: An application for a pre-mixed mortar, stucco or masonry composition includes a approximately 75% sand and 25% of a light-weight cement mix comprising a cement (either Portland cement or hydraulic cement), fly ash, sodium tall oil, sodium stearate, sodium C14-16 Alpha Olefin, linear alkyl benzene; and silicon dioxide.

Abstract: Disclosed is a concrete repair composition including an aggregate, a binder, and a fiber reinforcement, wherein the fiber reinforcement includes jute fiber having an average thickness of 65 to 75 ?m and an average length of 3 to 6 mm. The jute fiber used for reinforcement has excellent dispersion and bonding when mixing. Also, the jute fiber has high moisture holding capacity, and thus the concrete repair composition can retain water therein during curing, thereby preventing a false-set problem caused by rapid hardening of cement.

Abstract: A method of making a stable, sulfur binding composite containing elemental sulfur, a solid aggregate, and an organic modifier is claimed. The resulting sulfur composite compositions are also claimed.

Abstract: A method of producing cementitious mixtures containing fly ash as one of the cementitious components, under air entrainment conditions is described. The method involves forming a mixture comprising water, cement, fly ash, optionally other cementitious materials, aggregate, conventional chemical admixtures, and an air entrainment agent and agitating the mixture to entrain air therein. Additionally, at least one amine sacrificial agent is included in the mixture. The cementitious mixtures and hardened concretes resulting from the method and fly ash treated with sacrificial agent, or air entrainment agent/sacrificial agent combinations, are also described.