Abstract: The present invention provides methods of cementing subterranean zones using cement compositions comprising calcium aluminate, fly ash, sodium polyphosphate and water.

Abstract: The present invention provides a dusting-inhibited cement composition, which hardly forms dust and further capable of improving strength of concrete or mortar obtained therefrom. A dusting-inhibited cement composition according to the present invention comprises 100 weight parts of cement, 0.01˜0.1 weight parts of fibrillatable polytetrafluoroethylene and 0.001˜1.0 weight parts of alcohol base antifoamer and/or silicone base antifoamer.

Abstract: The present invention describes an improved method for forming fly ash slurry by mixing fly ash and water with an additive containing 0.5-2 wt % ammonium salt of humic acid and 0.03 to 0.05 wt % tannin extract. The product slurry does not require large amount of water for transport to storage space due to its enhanced viscosity and stability.

Abstract: A cement composition comprising (A) hydraulic cement, (B) a silicone oil emulsion containing crosslinked silicone particles with an average particle size of from 0.05 &mgr;m to 100 &mgr;m in drops of silicone oil with an average size of 0.1 &mgr;m to 500 &mgr;m dispersed in water, the particle size of the crosslinked silicone particles being smaller than the size of the silicone oil drops, in an amount such that the total weight of the silicone oil and crosslinked silicone particles in component (B) ranges from 0.1 parts by weight to 50 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of component (A), and optionally (C) aggregate.

Abstract: A new category of multi-purpose polymers is presented, the polymers being capable to serve as a cement dispersing agent and which at the same time are set-accelerating and do have shrinkage reducing- and anticorrosive properties to steel. The polymers are ester and amide group-modified acrylic polymers, obtainable by a polymer analogous esterification of a polyacrylic acid with 1) a monofunctional polyalkyleneglycol-monoalkylether, 2) a tertiary alkanolamine and optionally 3) by amidation with a amino-polyalkylenglycol alkylether. The multi-purpose polymers serve for cement dispersing admixture for concrete with set accelerating, shrinkage compensating and anticorrosive properties to steel.

Abstract: The present invention provides light weight high temperature well cement compositions and methods. The compositions are basically comprised of calcium aluminate, ASTM class F fly ash and water.

Abstract: This invention relates to a formulation with the addition of low density additives of volcanic ash, hollow ceramic microspheres or a combination of microspheres and volcanic ash or other low density additives into cementitious cellulose fiber reinforced building materials. This formulation is advantageously lightweight or low density compared as compared to current fiber cement products without the increased moisture expansion and freeze-thaw degradation usually associated with the addition of lightweight inorganic materials to fiber cement mixes. The low density additives also give the material improved thermal dimensional stability.

Abstract: A composition designed to produce cementitious interior finishes for swimming pools, spas and fountains includes one or more aggregates, and cement for binding the aggregates. The composition further includes silica fume and a set retarder and may also include a dispersing agent as well as an inhibitor for alkali-silica reactivity.

Abstract: Oil-based settable spotting fluid compositions and methods of using the compositions are provided. The oil-based settable spotting fluid compositions are basically comprised of oil, an emulsifying surfactant for emulsifying the oil with water whereby an oil-external emulsion is formed, a de-emulsifying surfactant which in time de-emulsifies said oil-external emulsion when the emulsion is contacted with external water, a hydraulic settable component selected from the group consisting of ASTM Class C or the equivalent fly ash and ASTM Class F or the equivalent fly ash together with a source of calcium and water selected from the group consisting of fresh water and salt water.

Abstract: A cementitious mixture comprises a hydraulic cement; greater than about 10% by weight of a pozzolanic cement replacement selected from fly ash, slag, natural pozzolans, and mixtures thereof, based on the weight of said hydraulic cement and cement replacement; and a compatabilizing admixture, wherein the compatabilizing admixture comprises a compatabilizing derivatized polycarboxylate polymer dispersant capable of acting as a water reducer, in combination with an accelerator. The derivatized polycarboxylate dispersant, alone or in combination with other derivatized polycarboxylate dispersants, is a polymer comprising units derived from at least one of a substituted carboxylic acid monomer and a substituted ethylenically unsaturated monomer, at least one of an N-polyoxyalkylene maleimide and a condensation product of an unsubstituted carboxylic acid monomer and an alkoxypolyoxyalkylene primary amine substituted carboxylic acid monomer, and optionally including an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: Mortar mixes comprising as a major part, Class F fly ash and fluidized bed combustion ash in amounts and proportions sufficient to reduce the negative effects of the presence of unburned carbon in the Class F fly ash and the presence of sulfate in the fluidized bed combustion ash and which mortar mixes also include, as a minor part, a cementitious material. The mortar produced by mixing the mortar mix with water can include a density reduction material and can be formed into support members for use in mines.

Abstract: A method is described for making concrete mixture by blending new batch cement and fly ash with recycled concrete material (curb & gutter, sidewalk, brick, block, asphalt & various other concrete items). This new process will enable discarded concrete materials to be reused as a valuable product.

Abstract: A method using retardant to inhibit solidification of slurried fly ash particles that were collected on a collection surface. The slurried particles are transported in a pipeline to a collection or disposal site during or after the addition of the retardant to the slurry. The retardant can be a dispersant, a deflocculant, a scale inhibitor or a sequestering agent such as a phosphate, organic phosphate, polymer, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: Cement compositions and methods of cementing within subterranean formations penetrated by well bores wherein the flow properties of one or more dry particulate cementitious materials are improved and wherein the materials can be readily conveyed out of storage tanks and the like. A preferred composition of the present invention comprises a particulate flow enhancing additive dry-blended with one or more dry particulate cementitious materials, said flow enhancing additive being comprised of a particulate solid material carrying a flow inducing polar chemical, and a sufficient amount of water to form a pumpable slurry.

Abstract: The present invention describes fluorochemical foam stabilizers used in combination with surfactants to yield foams that are exceptionally stable in cementitious media. The stabilized foams that incorporate these fluorochemical agents are useful as novel ultra-lightweight foam aggregates in concrete compositions of tailorable density, strength, and other properties. Methods of making concrete compositions that include such foam aggregates are also described.

Abstract: The present invention provides light weight high temperature well cement compositions and methods. The compositions are basically comprised of calcium aluminate, ASTM class F fly ash and water.

Abstract: This invention relates to a cement or cementitious composition with synthetic or natural fibers and/or microfibers with caliber or gauge smaller than 0.0508 mm (2 mils), in a proportion from 0.2 to 1.5% of total weight of composition when dry. Aggregates and additives that achieve thixotropy, plasticity, which preserve its dimensional structure and integral mechanical bonds may also be included. These above ingredients are included to create a composition suitable for modeling (i.e., a petrified material, cement, mortar, or concrete with extraordinary and novel characteristics). This composition is also useful for constructing, machining, restoring or creating forms with or without structures. Furthermore, the composition solidifies without contractions, fissures or cracks.

Abstract: An ultra-high performance composite concrete, with low cement and fiber content and having good mechanical properties as well as good impacts, shocks and projectile protection properties, includes hydraulic binder, aggregates, an admixture of metal fibers. Particularly, the composite concrete includes 70% to 85% of particles (A) having a particle size distribution which ranges from 0.01 to 3 mm up to particle size distribution which ranges from 0.01 to 0.50 mm; 2% to 10% of particles (B) having particle size of between 0.01 and 1 .mu.m; 3% to 20% of hydraulic binder; 0.1 to 3% of a dispersant or plasticizer; 0.05% to 8.5% of fibers; and, mixing water, wherein the percentages being weight percentages based on the sum of the weights of constituents a) to d).

Abstract: The cement composition of this invention includes 10 to 35% by weight of portland cement, 65 to 90% by weight of a synthetic pozzolan, and an activator for reducing the positive surface potential of the synthetic pozzolan. The synthetic pozzolan is obtained by an at least partial reduction from combustion residues having a SiO.sub.2 /CaO ratio of greater than 1:1 and containing Na.sub.2 O and K.sub.2 O as alkali oxides in an amount exceeding 1.5% by weight. The activator includes anionically active or anionic tensides.

Abstract: A cementitious mixture comprises a hydraulic cement; greater than about 10% by weight of a pozzolanic cement replacement selected from fly ash, slag, natural pozzolans, and mixtures thereof, based on the weight of said hydraulic cement and cement replacement; and a compatabilizing admixture, wherein the compatabilizing admixture comprises a compatabilizing polycarboxylate polymer dispersant capable of acting as a water reducer, in combination with an accelerator.

Abstract: A wood-cement board is manufactured by a method comprising mixing 30 to 40% by weight of cement material, 20 to 27% by weight of wood flake, and 30 to 40% by weight of fly ash to prepare a raw material mixture, strewing said raw material mixture on a mold panel to form a mat, pressing and pre-curing said mat with moisture, and main-curing said pre-cured mat in an autoclave. Preferably the particle size of said fly ash is selected so that less than 10% by weight of fly ash may remain on the sieve whose opening size is 150 .mu.m and said main-curing process is carried out at a temperature of the saturated aqueous vapor in a range between 140 to 165.degree. C. for 7 to 10 hours.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to blended hydraulic cement compositions which are formed with subbituminous fly ash. In one embodiment, the cement composition comprises from about 0.1 wt. % to about 7 wt. % of a retarding agent; from about 0.1 wt. % to about 4 wt. % potassium carbonate; from about 0.1 wt. % to about 4 wt. % citric acid; from about 0.1 wt. % to about 5 wt. % lithium carbonate; and from about 85 wt. % to about 99.7 wt. % of a subbituminous fly ash. In another embodiment, the cement composition comprises from about 0.1 wt. % to about 7 wt % of a retarding agent; from about 0.1 wt. % to about 6 wt. % of an alkali source selected from the group consisting of potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide and blends thereof; from about 0.1 wt. % to about 4 wt. % citric acid; from about 0.1 wt. % to about 5 wt. % lithium carbonate; from about 25 wt. % to about 91.7 wt. % of a first subbituminous fly ash having a lime content; and from about 8 wt. % to about 60 wt.

Abstract: A composition for manufacturing concrete containing cement, coal ash, and organic plant ash, and a process of making such composition.

Abstract: The invention provides cementitious mixtures, particularly for use as shotcrete binding materials. The resultant shotcrete has characteristics of rapid setting as low as 5 to 10 minutes, high early compressive strength (5 to 25 MPa in two hours curing, 20 to 60 MPa in one day curing), high permanent compressive strength and negligible shrinkage. High aluminous content roasted cement clinkers with gypsum, anhydrite, lime, limestone, bentonite and other additives are used in the mixtures. There are especially suitable for use in shotcrete engineering. The methods of using the improved shotcrete are similar to those of using Portland cement, with significantly decreased rebound at site.

Abstract: The present invention provides light weight high temperature well cement compositions and methods. The compositions are basically comprised of calcium phosphate cement, water, a foaming agent, a foam stabilizer and a gas present in an amount sufficient to form a foam having a density in the range from about 11.5 to about 15 pounds per gallon.

Abstract: A lightweight, cementitious composition and method which includes a noncementitious filler, Portland cement, bentonite, diatamaceous earth and lime. The noncementitious filler may be sawdust, rubber chips, flyash or combinations of two or more of these ingredients. Once mixed with water and air, the composition can be molded to form a variety of structures, including electrically nonconductive posts, and can be used to absorb and contain liquid contaminants in a vessel.

Abstract: The invention concerns a MDF cement material showing better impact strength meant as an increase in the breaking total energy, by fibers addition.

Abstract: To treat waste containing harmful metals such as lead, cadmium, mercury, chromium, copper, nickel, zinc, etc., the waste is mixed with a treating agent containing, as the essential constituent component, solid acid(s) and/or cement and additionally a caking inhibitor, kneaded with water where necessary, then solidified by curing. Harmful metals are thereby stabilized in the thus-solidified cakes and are not released therefrom.

Abstract: Novel cementitious systems comprised of gypsum, calcined clay, and clinker consisting essentially of hydraulic calcium silicates are disclosed which have the following properties: (1) a water demand of less than about 33% nc; (2) one-day strengths of at least about 1000 psi; and (3) low alkali functionality. By increasing the amount of calcined clay, the resulting cementitious system will sequentially gain the following properties: (1) alkali non-reactiveness; (2) alkali resistance; and (3) low chloride permeability. Novel methods of preparing the novel cementitious systems of this invention are also disclosed. The novel methods not only reduce production costs by decreasing fuel and raw material consumption, but they also allow the cement producer to proactively address significant environmental concerns related to the manufacturing process.

Abstract: The present invention provides resilient cement compositions and methods which are particularly useful in the construction and repair of oil and gas wells. The compositions have improved expansion properties and are basically comprised of a hydraulic cementitious material, rubber particles derived from automobile tires, sufficient water to form a pumpable slurry, and a dispersing agent.

Abstract: A cellular drainage structure is formed of a predetermined volume of a settable, water permeable, cellular concrete product. A concrete mix is formed of a uniformly graded aggregate in the size range from 1/16 inch to two inches and in a quantity corresponding to the predetermined volume; a cementitious component in the quantity range from 141 to 658 pounds per cubic yard of product; water in quantity sufficient to create a water-to-cement ratio in the approximate range from 0.30 to 0.55 and sufficient to wet the aggregate, establishing a cementitious-component-and-water matrix of determinable volume; a pre-formed surfactant foam, generated from an aqueous surfactant mixture at a dilution of from approximately 3 to 25 grams per liter of surfactant in water, wherein the pre-formed foam is in the density range of from 2.0 to 3.0 pcf, and the foam is added in the quantity range of 5% to 30% of the volume of the cementitious-component-and-water matrix.

Abstract: A method for producing fly ash granules, which comprises mixing 100 parts by weight of fly ash, from 0.001 to 1 part by weight of a water-soluble polymer having from 2 to 80 mol %, based on the total repeating units, of repeating units having carboxyl groups, and from 40 to 100 parts by weight of water, for granulation.

Abstract: An improved lightweight cementitious product made up of an aqueous cementious mixture using cement and expanded shale, clay and slate mix, that can incorporate fly ash, lime, and the weight saving component, which is micronized polystyrene particles having particle sizes in the range of 50 to 2000 microns, and characterized by having water contents in the range of from about 0.5% to 50% v/v. The ultra low water compositions can be extruded and can be molded under high pressure.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to blended hydraulic cement compositions which are formed with subbituminous fly ash. In a first embodiment, the cement composition comprises from about 0.1 wt. % to about 7 wt. % of a retarding agent; from about 0.1 wt. % to about 4 wt. % of the total composition of potassium carbonate; from about 0.1 wt. % to about 4 wt. % of the total composition of citric acid; and from about 85 wt. % to about 99.7 wt. % of the total composition of a subbituminous fly ash. In a second embodiment, the cement composition comprises from about 0.1 wt. % to about 7 wt % of the total composition of a retarding agent; from about 0.1 wt. % to about 6 wt. % of the total composition of an alkali source selected from the group consisting of potassium carbonate, potassium hydroxide and blends thereof; from about 0.1 wt. % to about 4 wt. % of the total composition of citric acid; from about 25 wt. % to about 91.7 wt.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to processes for making blended hydraulic cement compositions. In one embodiment, the process includes the steps of: providing from about 85 wt. % to about 99.7 wt. % of the total composition of a subbituminous fly ash; separating out about a 10% portion of the fly ash; adding from about 0.1 wt. % to about 7 wt. % of the total composition of a retarding agent, from about 0.1 wt. % to about 4 wt. % of the total composition of citric acid, and from about 0.1 wt. % to about 4 wt. % of the total composition of potassium carbonate to the 10% portion; and blending the remainder of the ash with the 10% portion to create a blended hydraulic cement composition.

Abstract: A composition for producing an unsaturated polyester is provided. The composition comprises an unsaturated polyester resin; cement; sand; bleaching agent; and curing agent.

Abstract: A process for forming an ash aggregate is provided. The process involves mixing a cellulose sludge material with an ash component. The ash component may comprise fly ash or sanitary waste ash in combination with fly ash. The sludge component preferably comprises paper mill sludge or pulp mill sludge. The hard lightweight aggregate may be utilized in a variety of manners, for example, to provide lightweight concrete and lightweight concrete mixes.

Abstract: Cement comprising hydraulic cement and polymer precursor such as alcohol-soluble phenol resin precursor that is substantially anhydrous and generates water by polymerization.

Abstract: Novel cementitious systems comprised of gypsum, calcined clay, and clinker consisting essentially of hydraulic calcium silicates are disclosed which have the following properties: (1) a water demand of less than about 33% nc; (2) one-day strengths of at least about 1000 psi; and (3) low alkali functionality. By increasing the amount of calcined clay, the resulting cementitious system will sequentially gain the following properties: (1) alkali non-reactiveness; (2) alkali resistance; and (3) low chloride permeability. Novel methods of preparing the novel cementitious systems of this invention are also disclosed. The novel methods not only reduce production costs by decreasing fuel and raw material consumption, but they also allow the cement producer to proactively address significant environmental concerns related to the manufacturing process.

Abstract: An improved lightweight cementitious product made up of an aqueous cementious mixture that can incorporate fly ash, portland cement, sand, lime, and the weight saving component, which is micronized polystyrene particles having particle sizes in the range of 50 to 2000 microns, and characterized by having very low water contents, in the range of from about 0.5% to 5% v/v. The ultra low water compositions can be extruded and can be molded under high pressure.

Abstract: An improved lightweight cementitious product made up of an aqueous cementitious mixture that can incorporate fly ash, portland cement, sand, lime, and the weight saving component, which is micronized polystyrene particles having particle sizes in the range of 50 to 2000 microns. The final mix can be poured into molded products such as foundation walls, roof tiles, bricks and the like. The product can also be used as a mason's mortar, a plaster, a stucco or a texture.

Abstract: Asbestos-free asphalt cold application roofing compositions are made available through the controlled utilization of fly ash.

Abstract: A method of immobilizing toxic waste material slurries is disclosed wherein aggregates are formed containing the toxic waste and the aggregates admixed with and embedded in a sulfur cement to form a concrete shape.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved cementitious compositions which can include drilling fluid as a component thereof and methods of cementing wells utilizing such compositions. The compositions are basically comprised of a cementitious material, water, a hardenable resinous material and optionally, drilling fluid in an amount up to about 70% by volume of the cementitious material in the composition.

Abstract: Class C fly ash may be activated with strong alkali to yield a novel, dense, quick-setting cement having unexpected properties. The setting time of the cement decreased as the pH of the activating solution increased. The microstructure and phase assemblage of the novel cement depended on the pH. Ettringite was absent beyond pH 14.30 (2.0N); a hexagonal plate-like crystalline form (stratlingite (gehlenite hydrate, C.sub.2 ASH.sub.8) and other compounds) became more abundant at higher pH. At higher pH the microstructure was characterized by high amounts of the plate-like crystalline phase and a dense matrix, due to higher reactivity of the glassy phase in fly ash. The novel cement will have uses in a number of areas, including fixation of hazardous wastes such as radioactive wastes, applications where rapid setting is desired, and formation of concrete in hot environments where ordinary Portland cements may tend to crack due to their heat of hydration.

Abstract: A system and method for dispersing pigment in cement based compositions comprising a predetermined and prepackaged amount of a cement based component and a predetermined and prepackaged amount of an aqueous dispersion of a pigment containing component.

Abstract: A cementitious composition comprising(a) a cementitious material;(b) a fly ash which has a calcium oxide content of from 15-45% by weight;(c) a hydroxycarboxylic acid; and(d) a water-soluble source of alkali metal ions.The compositions are useful as concretes, grouts and mortars.

Abstract: An organomineral construction paste comprises a mixture of a suspension of cellulose, lime and an aqueous solution of a sulfate and hydrogen peroxide. Airborne ash and hydraulic binders may also be added to impart additional moldable properties to the paste.

Abstract: A cementitious composition comprising(A) 10-30 parts cementitious material;(B) 50-80 parts fly ash weight; and(C) 1.5-8 parts hydroxycarboxylic acid and/or salt thereof.

Abstract: A structural product fabricated from waste materials and a method for making the product. The product includes fly ash, cellulose-based material and an adhesive binder. The product advantageously has good strength with light weight, can be sawed or hammered like wood and is substantially resistant to fire. The composition is particularly useful for forming structural products such as bricks, panels, roof shingles, studs and the like.