Abstract: The current invention provides an improved permeable cement composition for formation of downhole sand screens. The improved composition includes an effective amount of a surfactant. Addition of the surfactant to the permeable cement composition yields at least a pumpable slurry with a minimal amount of water or brine solution.

Abstract: Exemplary compositions comprise at least one aldopentonic acid, such as xylonic acid; and further comprise a lignin, a lignosulfonic acid or its salt, an additional sugar acid such as a aldohexonic acid or salt, a conventional admixture (such as a polyacrylate superplasticizer, a corrosion inhibitor, a set retard, a set accelerator, etc.), or a mixture thereof. Exemplary methods for obtaining microbiologically or enzymatically converted sugar acids are also described herein.

Abstract: A settable fluid cementitious composition which is fluid for sufficient time to be suitable for use in a flexible container to provide support in a mine said composition comprises (i) Portland cement in an amount from at least about 8% preferably 10%, (ii) a water soluble silicate in an amount from at least about 2% and (iii) water in an amount to provide a water to solids weight ratio of at lest about 1.2:1 preferably at least abou5 1.5:1 and where the % are by weight based on the combined weights of (i), (ii) and (iii). The viscosity immediately after mixing the components together is sufficiently low that additional water can be incorporated. The composition may include (iv) a pozzolan in an amount from 2 to 35% by weight based on the combined weight of (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv).

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composite of consolidation-hardening pile for soft ground and in which a composition ratio of an aggregate:a quicklime:an additive is 50–60 wt %:20–25 wt %:20–25 wt %, and the additive is an admixture made by mixing a powder of furnace slag, a fly ash or a mixture of the powder of furnace slag and the fly ash in a cement, the ratio of the cement, and the powder of furnace slag, the fly ash or the mixture of the powder of furnace slag aggregate and the fly ash is 65–85 wt %:15–35 wt %. As the pile is formed in the soft ground vertically, a composite has a strength of 50 kgf/cm2 or over to act as a supporting pile for sinking, and a reinforcing pile.

Abstract: A curing agent component is described for an at least two-component mortar composition for the chemical fastening technique, containing at least one free radical-forming agent as curing agent for an organic resin component, water and at least one water-soluble, ethylenically unsaturated polyethylene glycol derivative, which can be copolymerized with the organic resin component and has a solubility in water at 25° C. of at least 10 g in 100 gram of water and has the structure given by the general formula I: R2—A—O—R1??(I) in which R1 represents a group having the formula CH2?CH—CH2—, CH2?CH—CO—O— or CH2?C(CH3)—CO—O—, R2 represents hydrogen, an alkyl group with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a sulfonate group or a group having the formula CH2?CH—CH2—, CH2?CH—CO—O— or CH2?C(CH3)—CO—O—, and A represents a linear or branched, homopolymeric or copolymeric, optionally substituted polyoxyalkylene group.

Abstract: A method and cement composition is provided for sealing a subterranean zone penetrated by a well bore, wherein the cement composition comprises zeolite, cementitious material, and water sufficient to form a slurry.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved cement compositions comprising hydraulic cement, silica hydrophobicized with a mixture of organosilicon compounds and water.

Abstract: Dry mixes for hydraulic cement coatings for masonry, above ground concrete structures and below ground concrete structures. Hydraulic cement, sand and particular aggregates are combined to form the dry mix, which is combined with a controlled quantity of a water base emulsion binder and water to form the hydraulic cement coating. The water base emulsion binder may be replaced with a redispersible polymer binder and a quantity of water.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mixture and a process for the treatment of waste materials and the use of the mixture for the treatment of waste materials and waste material treated therewith. The mixture comprises (A) at least one zinc salt of a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid, (B) at least one calcium salt of a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid, (C) at least one hydrophobing agent, (D) at least one amino alcohol and (E) NH3.

Abstract: Exemplary compositions comprise at least one aldopentonic acid, such as xylonic acid; and further comprise a lignin, a lignosulfonic acid or its salt, an additional sugar acid such as a aldohexonic acid or salt, a conventional admixture (such as a polyacrylate superplasticizer, a corrosion inhibitor, a set retard, a set accelerator, etc.), or a mixture thereof. Exemplary methods for obtaining microbiologically or enzymatically converted sugar acids are also described herein.

Abstract: In a cold-curing mortar or concrete composition comprising calcareous and siliceous materials as predominant components, 0.3-2.5 wt % based on the calcareous material of a silicone oil having formula (1) is added. R is C3-12 alkyl, R? is C1-4 alkyl, y is such an integer that the number of R is 5-50 mol % of the total number of substituent groups directly attached to silicon atoms in a molecule, z is an integer of 0-5, and 3?x+y+z?30. The set composition is improved in water repellency without incurring a drop of strength.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a waterproof admixture composition for concrete which is added to fabricate concrete having excellent anti-corrosive performance. The waterproof admixture composition can protect reinforcing steel bars against oxidation in the presence of salt, thereby ensuring excellent anti-corrosive performance and thus greatly improving the durability of reinforced concrete even in salt-damaged areas and corrosive environments and the like by inhibiting the corrosion of the reinforced concrete. The waterproof admixture composition comprises fly ash and silica fume as artificial pozzolan activators, a redispersible powders resin, a higher fatty acid-based metal salt and a high performance water-reducing agent wherein the composition further comprises 18 to 34% by weight of an inorganic salt and 1 to 5% by weight of tannin as an antioxidant, based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: An admixture for minimizing or preventing dust on surfaces of cured cement and concrete structures comprises a shrinkage reducing additive in combination with a fatty alcohol. Cementitious compositions containing the admixture, and methods for reducing dusting on cement structures, are also described.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for cementing subterranean zones penetrated by well bores are provided. The methods are basically comprised of the steps of providing a cement composition which comprises a hydraulic cement, sufficient water to form a slurry and a dispersing agent comprising a tetrapolymer formed of methacrylic acid, methacrylate, methallyl sulfonic acid and ethoxylated acrylic acid. The cement composition is placed in the subterranean zone to be cemented and allowed to set into an impermeable solid mass therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to an accelerator used for setting and hardening and a method for accelerating and hardening hydraulic binding agents using said accelerator. The principal components of said accelerator are nitrates, aminoalcohols, hydroxycarboxylic acids and polyalcohols. The hardening acceleration is not connected with a rapid loss in processability, which is common in other accelerated systems.

Abstract: A method of producing cementitious mixtures containing fly ash as one of the cementitious components, under air entrainment conditions. The method involves forming a mixture comprising water, cement, fly ash, optionally other cementitious materials, aggregate, conventional chemical admixtures, and an air entrainment agent and agitating the mixture to entrain air therein. Additionally, at least one sacrificial agent is also included in the mixture. The sacrificial agent is a material or mixture of materials that is not required to act as an air entrainment agent but interacts preferentially with components of the fly ash that otherwise neutralize, repress or depress the activity of the air entrainment agent. The invention includes cementitious mixtures and hardened concretes resulting from the method and fly ash treated with sacrificial agent, or air entrainment agent/sacrificial agent combinations, and processes for selecting suitable sacrificial agents.

Abstract: Cementitious compositions comprising pozzolonic materials, alkaline earth metals, and a catalysts to catalyze the reaction between the pozzolonic materials and the alkaline earth metals.

Abstract: The invention relates to a mixture and a process for the treatment of waste materials and the use of the mixture for the treatment of waste materials and waste material treated therewith. The mixture comprises (A) at least one zinc salt of a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid, (B) at least one calcium salt of a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic or aromatic carboxylic acid, (C) at least one hydrophobing agent, (D) at least on amino alcohol and (E) NH3.

Abstract: The present invention is an admixture for cementitious compositions that provides both good flowability and high early strength as is desired in the art. The admixture of the invention includes a superplasticizer comprising a water-soluble modified acrylic copolymer and at least one accelerant selected from the group consisting of salts of thiocyanic acid, water-soluble alkanolamines, ethylene oxide adducts of ethylenediamine, and morpholine derivatives. The combination of the superplasticizer and the accelerant used in the invention surprisingly has a synergistic effect on the early compressive strength of the cementitious composition and also enhances the W/CM ratio and the flowability of the cementitious composition.

Abstract: An admixture for cementitious compositions for imparting water repellant properties to the cementitious composition. The admixture comprises a polymer, a surfactant, and a hydrophobic material that is an organic ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid. Also, a cementitious composition comprising cement, a polymer, a surfactant, and a hydrophobic material that is an organic ester of an aliphatic carboxylic acid. Also, a method of forming a cementitious composition comprising mixing a cement, a polymer, a hydrophobic material, a surfactant, and water.

Abstract: An admixture comprising a nonionic water-soluble cellulose ether having an average particle size of 120-500 &mgr;m is suited for hydraulic compositions. The admixture does not form clumps even in the presence of a large amount of water. The hydraulic composition having a proper amount of the admixture added is effectively extrudable.

Abstract: Methods and cement compositions are provided for sealing a subterranean zone penetrated by a wellbore, wherein the cement composition comprises zeolite, cementitious material, and a mixing fluid.

Abstract: A method and cement composition is provided for sealing a subterranean zone penetrated by a well bore, wherein the cement composition comprises zeolite, cementitious material, and water sufficient to form a slurry.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a waterproof admixture composition for concrete which is added to fabricate concrete having excellent anti-corrosive performance. The waterproof admixture composition can protect reinforcing steel bars against oxidation in the presence of salt, thereby ensuring excellent anti-corrosive performance and thus greatly improving the durability of reinforced concrete even in salt-damaged areas and corrosive environments and the like by inhibiting the corrosion of the reinforced concrete. The waterproof admixture composition comprises fly ash and silica fume as artificial pozzolan activators, a redispersible powders resin, a higher fatty acid-based metal salt and a high performance water-reducing agent wherein the composition further comprises 18 to 34% by weight of an inorganic salt and 1 to 5% by weight of tannin as an antioxidant, based on the total weight of the composition.

Abstract: The present invention provides cement compositions comprising an improved fluid loss control additive, and methods for cementing in a subterranean formation using such cement compositions. The cement compositions comprise a hydraulic cement, water, and a fluid loss control additive comprising at least two polymers connected by a pH-sensitive crosslink. Optionally, other ingredients may be included in the compositions.

Abstract: The invention pertains to a method of delaying the set time of cement and to compositions produced therefrom. The set time of hydraulic cement mixtures of fly ash pozzolans, specifically Class C and Class F, and Portland cement can be delayed by controlling the pH of a retarder slurry that is mixed with the dry components of the composition. The pH of the retarder slurry is controlled by balancing the salts therein such that the retarder slurry is acidic, or having a pH less than 7. The slurry activator of the present invention generally includes a pH balancing agent, an acid component, and water. The pH balancing agent can include any basic alkali and alkaline earth metal hydroxide, or a salt of the acid component. The acid component may include a hydroxycarboxylic acid, preferably citric acid. Slower setting mortar and concrete compositions having high strength can be prepared with this hydraulic cement.

Abstract: Methods of cementing in subterranean zones, improved cement compositions and improved additives are provided. The compositions are basically comprised of a hydraulic cement, sufficient water to form a slurry and an additive for providing improved rheology, fluid loss control and set retardation comprised of carboxymethylhydroxyethylcellulose having in the range of from about 0.62 to about 2.21 moles of hydroxyethyl substitution and in the range of from about 0.44 to about 0.52 degrees of carboxymethyl substitution and a 2% by weight aqueous solution of the carboxymethylhydroxyethylcellulose has a Höppler viscosity in the range of from about 55 mPa.s to about 359 mPa.s.

Abstract: Oil-based settable spotting fluid compositions for cementing in wells and subterranean formations are provided. The oil-based settable spotting fluid compositions basically comprise an oil external emulsion comprising oil, water and an emulsifying surfactant, a hydraulically settable component and a de-emulsifying surfactant for de-emulsifying the oil-external emulsion when the emulsion is cured.

Abstract: The present invention describes an improved method for forming fly ash slurry by mixing fly ash and water with an additive containing 0.5-2 wt % ammonium salt of humic acid and 0.03 to 0.05 wt % tannin extract. The product slurry does not require large amount of water for transport to storage space due to its enhanced viscosity and stability.

Abstract: Extremely fast setting of cementitious compositions for producing cement-based products such as cement boards is made possible by adding an alkanolamine to a hydraulic cement such as portland cement, and forming a slurry with water under conditions that provide an initial slurry temperature of at least 90° F. Use of alkanolamine under conditions disclosed herein allows an extremely rapid setting of the cementitious composition. Additional reactive materials may be included such as high alumina cement, calcium sulfate and a pozzolanic material such as fly ash. The extremely fast rapid set permits rapid production of cementitious products.

Abstract: A packaged dry blended cementitious matrix composition for mixing with predetermined amounts of a decorative aggregate and water for producing a decorative aggregate-containing cementitious slurry for applying to a base, and for producing a durable surface with exposed decorative aggregate; and process for producing a decorative aggregate-containing surface. The composition comprising about 50% to about 79% of a quartzitic silica blend; about 20% to about 35% of a hydraulic cement selected from the group consisting of Type V hydraulic cement and white portland cement; a particulate material selected from the group consisting of fly ash not exceeding about 8%, silica fume not exceeding about 5% and mixtures thereof; optionally, a superplasticizer or water reducer; and an optional substance selected from the group consisting of shrinkage reducers, alkali-silica reactivity controllers, colorants, permeability reducers and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: A chemically-bonded cement material and concrete which includes a calcium aluminate component, a calcium silicate component, a sodium phosphate compound, and bottom ash which chemically reacts with the sodium phosphate compound to produce calcium phosphates. The chemically bonded cement may include a polymeric compound, such as acrylic-styrene copolymer, and fibrous materials, such as E-glass fibers, carbon fibers, or polypropylene. The concrete includes the chemically-bonded cement and aggregates. The materials are well suited as rapid setting repair patching and fill for damaged roads, remediating material for contaminated soil and as backfill underlayment, and as high strength precast concrete products.

Abstract: The present invention is directed at a synthetic lightweight aggregate composition comprising fly ash and a mixture of two or more polymer components. More specifically, the present invention is also directed at a lightweight concrete which cures to a hardened cementious composite comprising Portland cement, water in a weight ratio of between about 0.2 and 0.7 of the water to the Portland cement, synthetic lightweight aggregate in a weight ratio of between about 0.1 and 0.5 of the synthetic lightweight aggregate to the cement, wherein the synthetic lightweight aggregate comprises fly ash and two or more polymer components.

Abstract: A pozzolan admixture composition suitable for use in portland cement mixtures and mix designs that, when combined with; portland cement, sand and/or aggregate, and water, are used to prepare cementitious products. The admixture contains ultra-fine fly ash, calcined kaolin, fused silica, and cellulose ether derivative. A pozzolan-modified portland cement composition containing the present invention's composition inter-ground or inter-blended with a portland cement. The pozzolan-modified portland cement contains portland cement, ultra-fine fly ash, calcined kaolin, fused silica, and a cellulose ether derivative. An admixture, additive, or addition, based on the present invention's composition, inter-ground or inter-blended into portland cement to create such pozzolan-modified portland cements.

Abstract: An admixture for minimizing or preventing dust on surfaces of cured cement and concrete structures comprises a shrinkage reducing additive in combination with a fatty alcohol. Cementitious compositions containing the admixture, and methods for reducing dusting on cement structures, is also described.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for cementing subterranean zones penetrated by well bores are provided. The methods are basically comprised of the steps of providing a cement composition which comprises a hydraulic cement, sufficient water to form a slurry and a dispersing agent comprising a tetrapolymer formed of methacrylic acid, methacrylate, methallyl sulfonic acid and ethoxylated acrylic acid. The cement composition is placed in the subterranean zone to be cemented and allowed to set into an impermeable solid mass therein.

Abstract: An aqueous fire resistance treatment composition consisting of water, sodium silicate, a calcined filler and a latent acid catalyst is disclosed. The composition may be applied to cardboard substrates such as corrugated cardboard. The composition is then cured to provide enhanced fire resistance.

Abstract: The present invention provides stable well cementing methods and compositions for sealing subterranean zones penetrated by well bores. The improved thermally stable and degradation resistant well cement compositions are basically comprised of a hydraulic cement, sufficient water to form a pumpable slurry, an aqueous hydrogenated styrene-butadiene rubber latex and a latex stabilizer present in an amount sufficient to stabilize the hydrogenated styrene-butadiene latex.

Abstract: A rapid setting cementitious composition useful for making cement boards employs an insoluble form of anhydrous calcium sulfate (anhydrite) to accelerate setting and to permit reducing the amount of high alumina cement usage.

Abstract: A method for promoting cement or concrete set on demand for concrete that has been chemically retarded by adding carbon fiber to the concrete, which enables it to become electrically conductive, sodium tartrate retardant, and copper sulfate which forms a copper tartrate complex in alkaline concrete mixes. Using electricity, the concrete mix anodically converts the retarding tartrate to an insoluble polyester polymer. The carbon fibers act as a continuous anode surface with a counter electrode wire embedded in the mix. Upon energizing, the retarding effect of tartrate is defeated by formation of the polyester polymer through condensation esterification thereby allowing the normal set to proceed unimpeded.

Abstract: A synthetic aggregate having a multiplicity of uses such as for mixing with a cementing material to form concrete, mortar or plaster is disclosed. The aggregate includes crushed fragments of a size which are capable of passing through mesh screen having sieve openings ranging from between about 19 mm and 75 microns. The aggregate fragments are made by curing and then crushing a compressed product. The compressed product is made by compressing an aqueous cementitious mixture comprising cement and at least one member selected from the group consisting of bottom ash and non-cementitious fly ash. The compressed product is cured so that it has a compressive strength of at least 600 psi.

Abstract: A method and composition is provided using whey protein as a retarder in a cementing composition for use in cementing operations in a subterranean zone penetrated by a well bore.

Abstract: Exemplary compositions comprise at least one aldopentonic acid, such as xylonic acid; and further comprise a lignin, a lignosulfonic acid or its salt, an additional sugar acid such as a aldohexonic acid or salt, a conventional admixture (such as a polyacrylate superplasticizer, a corrosion inhibitor, a set retard, a set accelerator, etc.), or a mixture thereof. Exemplary methods for obtaining microbiologically or enzymatically converted sugar acids are also described herein.

Abstract: Lightweight cement compositions and methods of cementing a subterranean zone penetrated by a well bore utilizing the compositions are provided. A lightweight cement composition of the invention is basically comprised of a coarse particulate hydraulic cement, an ultrafine particulate hydraulic cement mixture comprised of slag cement and a Portland or equivalent cement, fly ash, fumed silica, hollow glass spheres and water.

Abstract: The invention concerns the use of organic fibres having a melting point lower than 300° C., an average length l more than 1 mm and a diameter Ø not more than 200 &mgr;m, in ultra high performance concrete for improving the concrete fire resistance, the amount of organic fibres being such that their volume ranges between 0.1 and 3% of the concrete volume after setting and the concrete having a compressive strength at 28 days of at least 120 Mpa, a bending strength of at least 20 Mpa, and a spread value in non-hardened state of at least 150 mm, the values being for a concrete preserved at 20° C., the concrete consisting of a particularly hardened cement matrix wherein metal fibres are dispersed.

Abstract: Oil-based settable spotting fluid compositions for cementing in wells and subterranean formations are provided. The oil-based settable spotting fluid compositions basically comprise an oil external emulsion comprising oil, water and an emulsifying surfactant, a hydraulically settable component and a de-emulsifying surfactant for de-emulsifying the oil-external emulsion when the emulsion is cured.

Abstract: Methods for drilling well bores and cementing a pipe string in the well bores using oil-based settable drilling fluids are provided. The oil-based settable drilling fluid compositions basically comprise an oil external emulsion comprising oil, water and an emulsifying surfactant; a hydraulically settable component; and a de-emulsifying surfactant for de-emulsifying the oil-external emulsion when the emulsion is cured.

Abstract: A masonry cement composition is provided which contains a blend of fly ash, Portland cement, a retarding agent, and an air entrainment agent. The masonry cement composition may be formed into a mortar having a high air content which exhibits good compressive strength and does not exhibit efflorescence.

Abstract: A synthetic aggregate having a multiplicity of uses such as for mixing with a cementing material to form concrete, mortar or plaster is disclosed. The aggregate includes crushed fragments of a size which are capable of passing through mesh screen having sieve openings ranging from between about 19 mm and 75 microns. The aggregate fragments are made by curing and then crushing a compressed product. The compressed product is made by compressing an aqueous cementitious mixture comprising cement and at least one member selected from the group consisting of bottom ash and non-cementitious fly ash. The compressed product is cured so that it has a compressive strength of at least 600 psi.

Abstract: Oil-based settable spotting fluid compositions and methods of using the compositions are provided. The oil-based settable spotting fluid compositions are basically comprised of oil, an emulsifying surfactant for emulsifying the oil with water whereby an oil-external emulsion is formed, a de-emulsifying surfactant which in time de-emulsifies said oil-external emulsion when the emulsion is contacted with external water, a hydraulic settable component selected from the group consisting of ASTM Class C or the equivalent fly ash and ASTM Class F or the equivalent fly ash together with a source of calcium and water selected from the group consisting of fresh water and salt water.