Abstract: A method of treating metal-contaminated spent foundry sand, or other industrial waste, by combining the sand with a sulfite to produce insoluble metal sulfur oxide complexes that do not leach from the sand. The treated waste may also be processed to reducing “clumping,” thereby rendering the treated waste appropriate for use in another industrial process.

Abstract: Described are setting and hardening accelerators for hydraulic binders and said binder comprising compositions that are free of sulfates, alkali metals and chlorides. The setting and hardening accelerators comprise, as main component, water-soluble fluoride comprising aluminum salts and optionally complexing agents and/or amines. In comparison with alkaline accelerators, said accelerators result in an essential shortening of the setting time and a fast development of compressive strengths. In comparison with commercially available alkali-free accelerators based on aluminum sulfate and organic acids, by the accelerator of the present invention the later formation of ettringite is prevented.

Abstract: A composition for coloring concrete and methods for making the composition is provided, which includes a hydrophobic efflorescence control agent selected from the group consisting of calcium stearates, zinc stearates, sodium stearates, butyl stearate, stearic acid derivatives, stearic acid salts, and a mixture thereof, a particulated polymer selected from the group consisting of styrene-based polymers and copolymers, acrylic-based polymers and copolymers, polyvinyl acetates, polyepoxides, polyurethanes, butadiene rubbers, and a mixture thereof; and a colorant, wherein the composition improves the durability of the concrete while enhancing the durability and retention of said colorant.

Abstract: Described are setting and hardening accelerators for hydraulic binders and said binder comprising compositions that are free of alkali metals and chlorides. The setting and hardening accelerators comprise, as main component, water-soluble fluoride comprising aluminum salts and water-soluble sulfate comprising aluminum salts, as well as optionally complexing agents and/or amines. In comparison with alkaline accelerators, said mixtures result in an essential shortening of the setting time and a fast development of compressive strengths.

Abstract: A synthetic aggregate having a multiplicity of uses such as for mixing with a cementing material to form concrete, mortar or plaster is disclosed. The aggregate includes crushed fragments of a size which are capable of passing through mesh screen having sieve openings ranging from between about 19 mm and 75 microns. The aggregate fragments are made by curing and then crushing a compressed product. The compressed product is made by compressing an aqueous cementitious mixture comprising cement and at least one member selected from the group consisting of bottom ash and non-cementitious fly ash. The compressed product is cured so that it has a compressive strength of at least 600 psi.

Abstract: Self-repairing, fiber reinforced matrix materials include a matrix material including inorganic as well as organic matrices. Disposed within the matrix are hollow fibers having a selectively releasable modifying agent contained therein. The hollow fibers may be inorganic or organic and of any desired length, wall thickness or cross-sectional configuration. The modifying agent is selected from materials capable of beneficially modifying the matrix fiber composite after curing. The modifying agents are selectively released into the surrounding matrix in use in response to a predetermined stimulus be it internal or externally applied. The hollow fibers may be closed off or even coated to provide a way to keep the modifying agent in the fibers until the appropriate time for selective release occurs.

Abstract: Systems for retarding setting in an oilfield well cement slurry comprise a solution of a phosphonate selected from methylene phosphonic acid derivatives and a phosphate, in particular selected from the following salts or the corresponding acids: mono-phosphates (ortho-phosphates PO42; meta-phosphates PO3), acyclic poly-phosphates (pyrophosphates P2O74, tripolyphosphates P3O105) or cyclic poly-phosphates. The system preferably may also comprise a retarder booster and is more particularly applicable to cementing at low or medium temperatures.

Abstract: A formulation and dewaterable slurry for coating a building product. The coating formulation includes an hydraulic binder and a quantity of dewatering agent. A slurry is produced from said formulation and applied to the product to be coated. The resultant coating may be dewatered through said product. Dewatering can be accomplished with or without vacuum assistance.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of cementing subterranean zones using cement compositions comprising calcium aluminate, fly ash, sodium polyphosphate and water.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved early-enhanced strength cement compositions and methods. The cement compositions can be utilized in surface construction projects as well as in the construction of oil, gas and water wells. The improved cement compositions of this invention are basically comprised of a hydraulic cement, water present in an amount sufficient to form a slurry and hydrophobic silica powder.

Abstract: A process for preparing a flowable slurry comprising mixing 25-70 wt. % water; an alkaline material selected from the group consisting of chlorosilicon manufacturing byproducts, direct process residue gels, cement kiln dust, and mixtures thereof; and a process aid selected from the group consisting of sucrose, raffinose, lignin, methylglucopyranoside, lactose, fructose, sodium polyphosphate, trehalose and mixtures thereof to form a flowable slurry. This slurry is especially useful in the manufacture of cement.

Abstract: A method of treating metal-contaminated spent foundry sand, or other industrial waste, by combining the sand with a sulfite to produce insoluble metal sulfur oxide complexes that do not leach from the sand. The treated waste may also be processed to reduce “clumping,” thereby rendering the treated waste appropriate for use in another industrial process.

Abstract: One kind of super high strength concrete, by adding some zeolites to cement, in order to attain the objective of shortening the time of hydration of cement, so that the concrete shows higher initial compressive strength. Zeolites and cement can undergo the Pozzolanic reaction which results in less void content and higher final compressive strength, so we can get super high strength concrete.

Abstract: The present invention is related to a calcium tartrate plaster retarding composition, characterised in that it has a mean particle size lower than 30 &mgr;m. The present invention is also related to the plaster comprising said composition and to the preparation process of said composition.

Abstract: Backfill for a mine contains a main component of conventional backfill material and a flow enhancing superfine material component mixed with the main component. The superfine material component may be a clay, for example, and has a particle size of less than 1 micron. The superfine component is present in an amount of about 0.5 to 1% by weight to best achieve improved flow without plugging in a pipeline.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to provide a storing and/or transferring method of polyalkylene glycol monomers by which the gel-like matter formation and/or decomposition reaction can be satisfactorily inhibited and, as a result, troubles can be prevented from occurring in the production process and the performance characteristics or quality of various chemical products can be satisfactorily prevented from being deteriorated.

Abstract: A concrete-based mortar is prepared for application on the exterior of a concrete building or other structure. The drying time of the concrete-based mortar is reduced by addition of an accelerant compound. After the concrete-based mortar sets on the building or other structure, an exterior skin of the concrete-based mortar is removed. This provides an even and attractive surface while reducing the amount of labor time required to complete the application.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an aqueous suspension comprising: A) silica and/or alumina particles, and B) a compound of overall formula (I): Al(OH)a(SO4)b(SiOx)c(Y)d  (I)  with: a between 0.1 and 2, b between 0.3 and 1.5, c between 0 and 0.1, d greater than 0.05, Y chosen from alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, x between 2 and 4, and its derivatives, the said compound (B) being present in the suspension at a concentration of at least 1.65 mol/l, expressed as moles of aluminium issued from the said compound. Another subject-matter of the invention is a process useful for the preparation of the said suspension and its use in the field of cement pastes, mortars and concretes and in particular as setting and hardening accelerating agent for cements.

Abstract: The invention provides a hydraulic binder, dry premixes and cement compositions having the improved property of maintaining unaltered, brilliance and coloring quantity for a longer time period. These compositions contain, in bulk, particles of a photocatalyst capable of oxidizing polluting substances in the environment in the presence of light, oxygen and water.

Abstract: An additive for accelerating the setting reaction of gypsum products is disclosed. It comprises a gypsum accelerator combined with a bisulfate salt. The gypsum accelerator is calcium sulfate dihydrate. The accelerator may optionally be ground with a sugar, a starch and/or boric acid. A process utilizing this additive combination is also disclosed. The bisulfate salt is most advantageously prewet with a portion of the calcium sulfate hemihydrate feed before being combined with the gypsum accelerator, water and the remaining portion of the calcium sulfate hemihydrate feed in the main mixer.

Abstract: A set accelerator for at least one of accelerating the hydration rate and reducing the set time of an aqueous slurry of calcium sulfate hemihydrate is described. The set accelerator consists of a mixture of ground calcium sulfate dihydrate and zinc sulfate material. Aluminum sulfate material is an optional component of the set accelerator. The set accelerator is particularly useful in accelerating the hydration rates of sprayable plasters. A fluid form of the set accelerator may be made by suspending the solids in water. The fluid form is advantageously used in ready mixed setting type joint compounds.

Abstract: The invention provides a concrete composition used in an overlay method of construction which is used for improving a deteriorated paved surface and/or a paved layer, the concrete composition comprising a cement, a shrink-reducing agent, an expanding agent, a high performance AE water-reducing agent and an AE agent, wherein the cement is a normal portland cement and/or a low heat portland cement. The concrete composition used in an overlay method of construction is rich in the bonding strength between an existent paved layer and a new surface layer and is resistant to exfoliation, cracking of a new surface layer and wear.

Abstract: Described are setting and hardening accelerators for hydraulic binders and said binder comprising compositions that are free of alkali metals and chlorides. The setting and hardening accelerators comprise, as main component, water-soluble fluoride comprising aluminum salts and water-soluble sulfate comprising aluminum salts, as well as optionally complexing agents and/or amines.

Abstract: Described are setting and hardening accelerators for hydraulic binders and said binder comprising compositions that are free of sulfates, alkali metals and chlorides. The setting and hardening accelerators comprise, as main component, water-soluble fluoride comprising aluminum salts and optionally complexing agents and/or amines.

Abstract: The present invention provides light weight high temperature well cement compositions and methods. The compositions are basically comprised of calcium aluminate, ASTM class F fly ash and water.

Abstract: A solidification and curing accelerator for hydraulic binders produced by a process including providing a reaction mixture composed of constituents (a) - (e) as follows: (a) at least one of basic aluminum salts which are substantially water insoluble and aluminum hydroxide; (b) at least one of aluminum sulfate which is substantially water soluble and sulfuric acid; (c) at least one of an organic carboxylic acid or mixtures of at least two organic carboxylic acids; (d) aluminum salts of organic carboxylic acids; and (e) at least one organic and inorganic substance selected from the group consisting of sulfates, hydrogen-sulfates, carbonates, hydrogen-carbonates, alkaline earth metal oxides, and alkaline earth metal hydroxides; adding water to the reaction mixture and reacting at a temperature ranging up to 150 ° C. for a time effective to provide a reaction product which is a solution in water.

Abstract: A substantially non-crosslinked polymer cementitious composition dispersant for the improvement of the fluidity of cementitious compositions comprising hydrophilic side chain substituted polyimide or polyamide backbone units, having at least some proportion of grafted oligomeric or polymeric hydrophilic side chains linking at least one of amides, esters, and thioesters, wherein the polymer cementitious composition is water soluble, and wherein crosslinking is such that in a statistical sampling there is greater than zero to less than 0.1 mole % of backbone units involved in crosslinking.

Abstract: Mortars and plasters containing additives which are alcohols having from 8 to 72 carbon atoms adsorbed on solid supports, and processes for the preparation of the additives.

Abstract: Mortar mixes comprising as a major part, Class F fly ash and fluidized bed combustion ash in amounts and proportions sufficient to reduce the negative effects of the presence of unburned carbon in the Class F fly ash and the presence of sulfate in the fluidized bed combustion ash and which mortar mixes also include, as a minor part, a cementitious material. The mortar produced by mixing the mortar mix with water can include a density reduction material and can be formed into support members for use in mines.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved methods of cementing casing strings in deep water offshore formations penetrated by well bores. The methods are basically comprised of the steps of preparing a cement composition having a short transition time comprised of hydraulic cement, a water reducing additive, a dispersing additive, a compressive strength enhancing and set retarding additive, a set accelerating additive and water, placing the cement composition in the annulus between the casing string and the well bore and allowing the cement composition to set into a hard impermeable mass.

Abstract: A method for the production of an esterified product is provided which affords an esterified product with high quality by repressing, during the esterification reaction of an alcohol with (meth)acrylic acid, the occurrence of impurities, particularly gel, to be formed owing to the polymerization of the alcohol and the (meth)acrylic acid as raw materials, the esterified product consequently formed, or the mixture thereof.

Abstract: A method of producing a new type of cement, hereafter called Conch-krete. Conch-krete is created by adding sodium carbonate (also known as soda ash, natron, etc.) and one or more minerals from the calcium carbonate group (including aragonite, limestone, calcite, marble, dolomite, etc.) and the addition of water to the mix that will harden into a cement-like material. The combination of sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate can be either layered or in a mixed state. An exothermic reaction starts after the addition of water. The composition of Conch-krete can vary between 20% sodium carbonate and 80% calcium carbonate to 80% sodium carbonate and 20% calcium carbonate. Conch-Icrete can be used in a variety of applications not inclusive of forming bricks, interior architecture, table or counter tops, ornaments, repairing damaged cement products, casting and other applications not mentioned above.

Abstract: Self-repairing, fiber reinforced matrix materials include a matrix material including inorganic as well as organic matrices. Disposed within the matrix are hollow fibers having a selectively releasable modifying agent contained therein. The hollow fibers may be inorganic or organic and of any desired length, wall thickness or cross-sectional configuration. The modifying agent is selected from materials capable of beneficially modifying the matrix fiber composite after curing. The modifying agents are selectively released into the surrounding matrix in use in response to a predetermined stimulus be it internal or externally applied. The hollow fibers may be closed off or even coated to provide a way to keep the modifying agent in the fibers until the appropriate time for selective release occurs.

Abstract: Shrinkage-reducing agent intended as additive in aqueous cement comprising compositions. The agent comprises at least one acetal, preferably a cyclic formal, of a tri- or polyhydric alcohol, which acetal comprises at least one 1,3-dioxa group. The acetal has preferably a water solubility of at least 1%. The agent can, in addition to said acetal, comprise at least one amorphous silica, preferably a powderous silica. The invention refers in a further aspect to the use of said agent in said compositions. The agent is, when used, added to said composition in an amount of 0.1-20% by weight.

Abstract: An improved method of cementing casing in a deep water offshore formation penetrated by a well bore comprising the steps of preparing a foamed cement composition comprised of calcium aluminate cement, a set accelerating additive, a thickening time increasing additive, water, a gas, and a mixture of foam forming and foam stabilizing surfactants; placing the cement composition in the annulus between the casing and well bore; and allowing the cement composition to set into a hard impermeable mass therein.

Abstract: A mortar composition for application of a regenerating and protective coating on cementitious materials by means of an airless pump contains cement, aggregate and synthetic resin emulsion in fixed quantities. It is prepared by mixing the ingredients in a cement mixer until a homogeneous, free-running mortar is obtained followed by pouring it into an agitator with low rpm and agitating until complete utilisation.

Abstract: A method is described for making concrete mixture by blending new batch cement and fly ash with recycled concrete material (curb & gutter, sidewalk, brick, block, asphalt & various other concrete items). This new process will enable discarded concrete materials to be reused as a valuable product.

Abstract: Improved methods of cementing in a subterranean zone penetrated by a well bore are provided. The methods are basically comprised of the steps of preparing a foamed cement composition comprised of hydraulic cement, a non-dispersing set retarder, sufficient water to form a slurry, sufficient gas to foam the slurry and a foaming and foam stabilizing surfactant mixture present in an amount sufficient to facilitate the formation of the foam and stabilize the foamed cement composition.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for forming permeable cement sand screens in well bores are provided. The compositions are basically comprised of a hydraulic cement, an acid soluble particulate solid, a liquid hydrocarbon solvent soluble particulate solid, a particulate cross-linked gel containing an internal breaker which after time causes the gel to break into a liquid, water present in an amount sufficient to form a slurry, a gas present in an amount sufficient to form a foam and a mixture of foaming and foamed stabilizing surfactants.

Abstract: A method of forming a seal in a downhole pipe comprising positioning a dump bailer containing a predetermined amount of a cement slurry at a desired location in a pipe disposed downhole in an earth borehole, displacing the cement slurry from the dump bailer, and allowing the cement slurry to set and form a seal, wherein the cement slurry comprises a pumpable slurry containing a hydraulic cement; water; a water-soluble salt of a metal selected from the class consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, zinc, and mixtures thereof; a dispersant comprising an anionic surface-active agent of the sulfonated naphthlalene; and magnesium chloride.

Abstract: The invention is directed to a polymer dispersant comprising a substituted polyimide or polyamide backbone, having at least some proportion of oligomeric or polymeric grafted side chains including one of amides, esters, and thioesters, having the general formula: wherein X is at least one of hydrogen, an alkali earth metal ion, an alkaline earth metal ion, ammonium ion, and amine; R is at least one of C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl(ene) ether and mixtures thereof and C.sub.1 to C.sub.6 alkyl(ene) imine and mixtures thereof; Q is at least one of oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur; p is a number from 1 to about 300 resulting in at least one of a linear and branched side chain; R.sub.1 is at least one of hydrogen, C.sub.1 to C.sub.

Abstract: Water having alkalies selected from sodium, potassium and mixtures thereof dissolved therein is treated with a composition to reduce the concentration of the alkalies whereby the water is rendered usable according to ASTM standards to render the water usable as concrete mix water. The composition and the method of its use is disclosed herein, wherein the composition is selected from compounds in the group consisting of lithium carbonate, acid zirconium phosphate, carbon dioxide and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The cement composition of this invention includes 10 to 35% by weight of portland cement, 65 to 90% by weight of a synthetic pozzolan, and an activator for reducing the positive surface potential of the synthetic pozzolan. The synthetic pozzolan is obtained by an at least partial reduction from combustion residues having a SiO.sub.2 /CaO ratio of greater than 1:1 and containing Na.sub.2 O and K.sub.2 O as alkali oxides in an amount exceeding 1.5% by weight. The activator includes anionically active or anionic tensides.

Abstract: Injection medium in the form of a dry mixture for preparing an injection suspension for sealing and/or reducing the penetrability of soils (loose rocks) and/or stone and/or structures against penetration by fluids, especially by water and gases, containing at least one mineral binder, especially a superfine binder, at least one stabilizer, at least one solvent and optionally other customary additives, such as at least one setting accelerator, an injection adjuvant and a water-retention agent, while the stabilizer is at least one organic thickener and the mixture additionally includes at least one essentially inert, superfine filler.

Abstract: A cementitious composition for the molding of ultra-lightweight, durable, large structural units comprising Portland cement, coal combustion byproducts, expanded or extruded polystyrene and water, and a modified block machine used in the manufacture of such structural units.

Abstract: Processes for making cement which when used to make concrete can stabilize the concrete against alkali-silica reactivity (ASR) from alkali containing components. The process includes adding lithium containing materials in the front of a cement kiln along with the cement starting materials in an amount sufficient to minimize ASR.

Abstract: An accelerating admixture for use with spraying cementitious compositions such as shotcrete comprises (a) a compound selected from aluminium hydroxide, aluminium hydroxysulphate and mixtures thereof, and (b) an acidic substance which essentially does not react with the compound. The preferred acid substances are organic acids.

Abstract: A composition for and a method of promoting the flow of a concrete slurry through a pump and a conduit is provided. The composition is a dry particulate mixture comprised of a water soluble, inorganic material and a solvatable, organic polymer. The composition, when mixed with a suitable quantity of water, is useful in a method of priming a pump used to pump a concrete slurry. The composition, when mixed with a concrete slurry, is useful to improve the flow of the slurry through a conduit.

Abstract: A hardener composition useful for producing shaped cement articles while utilizing wastes such as waste incineration ash or papermaking sludge incineration ash and broken concrete; and a process for producing shaped cement articles by using this hardener composition.The process comprises kneading a hardener composition comprising 4.0 to 13.0 wt. % of sodium carbonate, 5.0 to 10.6 wt. % of potassium carbonate, 5.2 to 11.2 wt. % of sodium chloride, 1.1 to 4.1 wt. % of ammonium chloride, 0.1 to 1.5 wt. % of cobalt chloride, 0.4 to 8.6 wt. % of superplasticizer for concrete formation consisting maily of a polyalkylallyl-sulfonate salt, and 51.0 to 84.2 wt. % of water together with the wastes and cement and shaping and curing. The substances inducing secondary pollution which are contained in the wastes are prevented from dissolving away or exuding from the cement articles.

Abstract: In accordance with the present invention, there are provided novel fiber reinforced building material formulations, comprised of an inorganic binding agent and synthetic fibers. The fibrous material employed in invention formulations is capable of undergoing progressive fibrillation upon agitation. As a result, fibers of lower initial aspect ratios, and higher addition rates than previously possible are disclosed, herein. Formulations containing Portland cement-based compositions and fibrillating synthetic fibers are also contemplated. In addition, there are provided methods of producing fiber reinforced building materials, including Portland cement-based compositions, and articles produced therefrom.