Abstract: A process and compositions for improving the resistance of cementitious products such as concrete, mortar, grout, paving, paving blocks, concrete pipe, concrete blocks, cellular concrete, extruded roof concrete, shot crete and concrete statuary to the penetration of water utilizes a minor amount of aqueous emulsion of rosin or a waxy substance in a major amount of water to form a substantially aqueous mixture utilized as the aqueous ingredient in the preparation of the cementitious product. The composition of an aqueous emulsion of rosin or a waxy substance, water, cement and aggregate provides, in addition to improved resistance to the penetration of water, maintains the strength of the cementitious product and can provide a vehicle for adding property enhancing agents to the cementitious product.

Abstract: The invention concerns cementing compositions, particularly for squeeze cementing, comprising a liquid phase and a solid phase constituted by particulate materials which are insoluble in said liquid phase, in particular a microcement. The compositions of the invention comprise additives of a nature and composition such that variations in viscosity of the composition due to fluid loss are minimized. Preferably, the compositions comprise at least one “very fine” additive formed from particles which are smaller than the cement, with a ratio of the average grain sizes of the particles of said additive and those of the cement in the range 5 to 100, preferably about 10, the respective proportions of the solid particles corresponding to a packing volume fraction close to the maximum, and the porosity of the solid mixture being such that the mixture is in a state of hindered settling.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a self-leveling composition for floor toppings, characterized in that it is based on Portland cement or on cement mix CM II or CM III, and in that it further comprises at least sand, water and at least one plasticizer which is a water-soluble or water-dispersible organic compound (I) containing at least one aminodi(alkylenephosphonic) group and at least one polyoxyalkyl chain, or at least one salt of compound (I).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to derivatized polycarboxylate dispersants for cementitious mixtures, including those mixtures with high percentages of pozzolan cement replacement and dry cast applications. In particular, the invention is directed to a cementitious mixture comprising cement, including cements with high percentages of pozzolan cement replacement, water, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and including a dispersant, wherein said dispersant is a derivatized polycarboxylate dispersant, or combination of polycarboxylate dispersants, which is a derivatized polymer comprising a backbone having moieties derived from (a) an unsaturated hydrocarbon; (b) at least one of a substituted carboxylic acid monomer, a substituted ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and maleic anhydride; and (c) optionally including an N-polyoxyalkylene succinimide; and wherein derivative moieties are pendant to the backbone monomer by at least one ester linkage and at least one amide linkage.

Abstract: The method of adding migrating corrosion inhibitors to a raw concrete mix by loading a migrating corrosion inhibitor in powder form within a container fabricated from a water soluble film, and thereafter depositing the container into a hydrated concrete mix for blending. The container is preferably fabricated from a film consisting of polyvinyl alcohol.

Abstract: A solidification and curing accelerator for hydraulic binders produced by a process including providing a reaction mixture composed of constituents (a) - (e) as follows: (a) at least one of basic aluminum salts which are substantially water insoluble and aluminum hydroxide; (b) at least one of aluminum sulfate which is substantially water soluble and sulfuric acid; (c) at least one of an organic carboxylic acid or mixtures of at least two organic carboxylic acids; (d) aluminum salts of organic carboxylic acids; and (e) at least one organic and inorganic substance selected from the group consisting of sulfates, hydrogen-sulfates, carbonates, hydrogen-carbonates, alkaline earth metal oxides, and alkaline earth metal hydroxides; adding water to the reaction mixture and reacting at a temperature ranging up to 150 ° C. for a time effective to provide a reaction product which is a solution in water.

Abstract: A composition for improving the freeze thaw durability of masonry concrete comprising (i) an alkylaryl polyether alcohol having the formula R-Ø-(OCH2CH2)xOH, wherein R is a C4-C8 alkyl group (preferably branched), Ø represents a phenol group, and “X” represents an integer in the range of 3-70; and (ii) at least one efflorescence control admixture, such as a C8-C30 fatty acid or its salt or derivative. An exemplary masonry concrete composition of the invention comprises an alkylaryl polyether alcohol having the formula R-Ø-(OCH2CH2)xOH, wherein R is a C4-C8 alkyl group, Ø represents a phenol group, and “X” represents an integer in the range of 3-70; the composition, when wet, having essentially zero slump when tested by the standard cone method for measuring slump. Methods of improving the freeze-thaw durability of masonry units are also disclosed.

Abstract: A cement admixture that includes a copolymer obtained by polymerizing (A) 10 to 85% by weight of N-vinylacetamide or a monomer derived therefrom, (B) 10 to 90% by weight of an (alkoxy)polyethylene glycol (meth)acrylate or (alkoxy)polyethylene glycol (meth)allyl ether monomer, (C) 5 to 50% by weight of a vinyl monomer containing one carboxylic acid group, at least one sulfonic acid group or salt thereof in a molecule, and (D) 0 to 40% by weight of a vinyl monomer other than (A), (B) and (C), provided that the sum of monomers (A), (B), (C) and (D) is 100% by weight. The cement admixture by itself can impart a cement composition with flowability, flowability maintenance ability, packing property and resistance to segregation in good balance, and is effective in improvement of workability, operability, and quality of hardened article.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to cementitious dry cast mixtures for forming cementitious articles, particularly a cementitious dry cast mixture containing a dispersant, wherein said dispersant is a derivatized polycarboxylate dispersant which is a polymer comprising units derived from at least a substituted carboxylic acid monomer or substituted ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and optionally including at least one of an unsaturated hydrocarbon, an N-polyoxyalkylene maleimide, and a condensation product of an unsubstituted carboxylic acid monomer and an alkoxypolyoxyalkylene primary amine substituted carboxylic acid monomer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cement admixture and a cement composition, both of which displays little dependence of the water-reducibility upon temperature in that these cement admixture and cement composition involve little slump loss at high temperature and little increase in the amount of addition at low temperature. The cement admixture comprises either or both of the following components: copolymer (A) which includes constitutional unit (I) of general formula (1) below and constitutional unit (II) of general formula (2) below as essential constitutional units and may further include constitutional unit (III) of general formula (3) below, wherein the content of constitutional unit (III) is 45 weight % or less of copolymer (A); and copolymer salt (B) which is obtained by further neutralizing copolymer (A) with an alkaline substance.

Abstract: This invention relates to enhancing the compressive strength of cements after 1, 3, 7 and 28 days following hydration and to improving porosity and finished surfaces of the hardened cements and concretes made therefrom. The improved cements are prepared using certain hydroxylamine additives in amounts of up to 0.1% which preferably are added during grinding of the cement in which case the amines further act as grinding aids.

Abstract: A cementitious mixture comprises a hydraulic cement; greater than about 10% by weight of a pozzolanic cement replacement selected from fly ash, slag, natural pozzolans, and mixtures thereof, based on the weight of said hydraulic cement and cement replacement; and a compatabilizing admixture, wherein the compatabilizing admixture comprises a compatabilizing derivatized polycarboxylate polymer dispersant capable of acting as a water reducer, in combination with an accelerator. The derivatized polycarboxylate dispersant, alone or in combination with other derivatized polycarboxylate dispersants, is a polymer comprising units derived from at least one of a substituted carboxylic acid monomer and a substituted ethylenically unsaturated monomer, at least one of an N-polyoxyalkylene maleimide and a condensation product of an unsubstituted carboxylic acid monomer and an alkoxypolyoxyalkylene primary amine substituted carboxylic acid monomer, and optionally including an unsaturated hydrocarbon.

Abstract: A cement admixture comprising (A) a compound selected from a melaminesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, a naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate and salts thereof and (B) a copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a monomer mixture comprising (a) from 30 to 90 mass % of one or more N-vinylcarboxylic acid amide-type monomer represented by the formula (1) below, (b) from 10 to 70 mass % of one or more anionic unsaturated monomer selected from an unsaturated carboxylic acid-type monomer represented by the formula (2) below and an unsaturated sulfonic acid-type monomer represented by the formula (3) below, and optionally (c) from 0 to 40 mass % of one or more nonionic unsaturated monomer, provided that the total of (a), (b) and (c) is 100 mass %, wherein the symbols in the formulae are as described in the specification.

Abstract: A substantially non-crosslinked polymer cementitious composition dispersant for the improvement of the fluidity of cementitious compositions comprising hydrophilic side chain substituted polyimide or polyamide backbone units, having at least some proportion of grafted oligomeric or polymeric hydrophilic side chains linking at least one of amides, esters, and thioesters, wherein the polymer cementitious composition is water soluble, and wherein crosslinking is such that in a statistical sampling there is greater than zero to less than 0.1 mole % of backbone units involved in crosslinking.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for constructing, verifying, and maintaining underground vaults that isolate and contain radioactive burial sites. The method employs a buoyant lift technique to isolate a block of soil containing the contaminates from the surrounding soil. An impermeable synthetic liner is embedded in the vault to enhance the integrity of the system. The integrity of the vault is monitored by a system of sensors placed both inside and outside of the sealed vault. The method eliminates the need to excavate or drill in the contaminated areas.

Abstract: Mortars and plasters containing additives which are alcohols having from 8 to 72 carbon atoms adsorbed on solid supports, and processes for the preparation of the additives.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and air entraining admixtures (AEAs) for achieving satisfactory levels of air entrainment in a hydraulic cementitious composition, such as concrete or mortar, in which an oxyalkylene shrinkage reduction admixture (SRA) is used with, or to be used in combination with, a water soluble salt, such as a calcium salt. Addition of exemplary polyoxyalkylene copolymers, preferably nonionic and substantially di-block in structure, and preferably having a molecular weight of at least 1,000 and more preferably at least 2,000, are described for controlling air entrainment. Increased air entrainment effect is fiber realized when such polymers are used with conventional AEAs, such as tall oils and vinsol resin.

Abstract: Mortar mixes comprising as a major part, Class F fly ash and fluidized bed combustion ash in amounts and proportions sufficient to reduce the negative effects of the presence of unburned carbon in the Class F fly ash and the presence of sulfate in the fluidized bed combustion ash and which mortar mixes also include, as a minor part, a cementitious material. The mortar produced by mixing the mortar mix with water can include a density reduction material and can be formed into support members for use in mines.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved methods of cementing casing strings in deep water offshore formations penetrated by well bores. The methods are basically comprised of the steps of preparing a cement composition having a short transition time comprised of hydraulic cement, a water reducing additive, a dispersing additive, a compressive strength enhancing and set retarding additive, a set accelerating additive and water, placing the cement composition in the annulus between the casing string and the well bore and allowing the cement composition to set into a hard impermeable mass.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for cementing pipe strings in well bores are provided. The compositions are basically comprised of a hydraulic cement, water, an in situ foam generating additive and a water-wetting foam stabilizing surfactant.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to cementitious dry cast mixtures for forming cementitious articles, particularly a cementitious dry cast mixture containing a dispersant, wherein said dispersant is a derivatized polycarboxylate dispersant which is a polymer comprising units derived from at least a substituted carboxylic acid monomer or substituted ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and optionally including at least one of an unsaturated hydrocarbon, an N-polyoxyalkylene maleimide, and a condensation product of an unsubstituted carboxylic acid monomer and an alkoxypolyoxyalkylene primary amine substituted carboxylic acid monomer.

Abstract: Cementitious compositions are prepared using a dry, flowable admixture containing an ester of carbonic acid such as propylene carbonate and a solid, particulate support which is non-reactive toward the ester such as silica fume. Such admixtures accelerate the set and increase the thixotropy of unhardened mixtures containing hydraulic cement and water, yet can be readily handled and stored in stable form until ready to be used.

Abstract: An dispersant for plaster comprising a copolymer prepared by copolymerizing (a) a polyalkylene glycol monoester monomer having 2 to 300 mols of an oxyalkylene group(s) each having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, with (b) at least one monomer selected from among acrylic monomers, unsaturated dicarboxylic monomers and allylsulfonic monomers. When the dispersant of the present invention is used in preparing a plaster board, the foam stability is maintained so that the quality of the plaster board composition can be easily controlled.

Abstract: A method of producing a new type of cement, hereafter called Conch-krete. Conch-krete is created by adding sodium carbonate (also known as soda ash, natron, etc.) and one or more minerals from the calcium carbonate group (including aragonite, limestone, calcite, marble, dolomite, etc.) and the addition of water to the mix that will harden into a cement-like material. The combination of sodium carbonate and calcium carbonate can be either layered or in a mixed state. An exothermic reaction starts after the addition of water. The composition of Conch-krete can vary between 20% sodium carbonate and 80% calcium carbonate to 80% sodium carbonate and 20% calcium carbonate. Conch-Icrete can be used in a variety of applications not inclusive of forming bricks, interior architecture, table or counter tops, ornaments, repairing damaged cement products, casting and other applications not mentioned above.

Abstract: A binder adjuvant used in engineering includes in aqueous solution, a mixture of a water-soluble cellulose ether and of an antifoaming agent.

Abstract: Self-repairing, fiber reinforced matrix materials include a matrix material including inorganic as well as organic matrices. Disposed within the matrix are hollow fibers having a selectively releasable modifying agent contained therein. The hollow fibers may be inorganic or organic and of any desired length, wall thickness or cross-sectional configuration. The modifying agent is selected from materials capable of beneficially modifying the matrix fiber composite after curing. The modifying agents are selectively released into the surrounding matrix in use in response to a predetermined stimulus be it internal or externally applied. The hollow fibers may be closed off or even coated to provide a way to keep the modifying agent in the fibers until the appropriate time for selective release occurs.

Abstract: The present invention provides a cement additive which can achieve excellent fluid retainability and has excellent mortar kneadability. The cement additive comprises copolymer (A) having polyalkylene glycol ester unit (I) and carboxylic unit (II) as repeating units, wherein polyalkylene glycol ester unit (I) has an oxyalkylene group with 3 to 7 carbon atoms on an ester bonding moiety.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for improving the properties of polymer fibers incorporated into upcured concrete. A wetting agent is incorporated into the molten polymer prior to extrusion into fibers in order to render the fibers durably wettable.

Abstract: For controlling filtration loss during the installation of climber cement in a well, the procedure entails the addition of a specific quantity of at least one derivative of galactomannan, hydrophilically and hydrophobically modified, a hydrophobically modified hydroxy propyl guar (HMHPG).

Abstract: A masonry concrete, for use in making segmental retaining wall units, pavers, blocks, and the like, having zero slump and incorporating betaine for improving freeze-thaw durability, and optionally efflorescent control agents and/or water reducer agents. Exemplary admixtures and methods of improving the freeze-thaw durability of masonry units are also disclosed.

Abstract: Shrinkage-reducing agent intended as additive in aqueous cement comprising compositions. The agent comprises at least one acetal, preferably a cyclic formal, of a tri- or polyhydric alcohol, which acetal comprises at least one 1,3-dioxa group. The acetal has preferably a water solubility of at least 1%. The agent can, in addition to said acetal, comprise at least one amorphous silica, preferably a powderous silica. The invention refers in a further aspect to the use of said agent in said compositions. The agent is, when used, added to said composition in an amount of 0.1-20% by weight.

Abstract: A mortar composition for application of a regenerating and protective coating on cementitious materials by means of an airless pump contains cement, aggregate and synthetic resin emulsion in fixed quantities. It is prepared by mixing the ingredients in a cement mixer until a homogeneous, free-running mortar is obtained followed by pouring it into an agitator with low rpm and agitating until complete utilisation.

Abstract: An improved method of cementing casing in a deep water offshore formation penetrated by a well bore comprising the steps of preparing a foamed cement composition comprised of calcium aluminate cement, a set accelerating additive, a thickening time increasing additive, water, a gas, and a mixture of foam forming and foam stabilizing surfactants; placing the cement composition in the annulus between the casing and well bore; and allowing the cement composition to set into a hard impermeable mass therein.

Abstract: Methods of improving the flow properties of one or more dry particulate cementitious materials are provided. The methods are basically comprised of dry-blending a particulate flow enhancing additive comprised of a particulate solid adsorbent material having a flow inducing polar molecule producing chemical adsorbed thereon with said cementitious materials.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a quick-setting, hydraulic binding agent, containing calcium silicate cement, in particular Portland cement, reactive calcium aluminates, in particular high alumina cement, as well as, if required, known additives and/or admixtures, which is characterized by a content of: a) 0.1 to 2.0% by volume of an organic and/or inorganic accelerator for hydrating the calcium silicates, b) 0.10 to 2.00% by volume of an organic and/or inorganic setting retarder inhibiting the hydration of the calcium silicates, if required, having a liquefying effect, c) 0.01 to 0.05% by volume of an organic and/or inorganic setting accelerator for hydrated calcium aluminate, and d) 0.01 to 0.20% by volume of an inhibitor with respect to formation of the hydrated calcium aluminum sulfates.

Abstract: A cementitious composition is disclosed whereby visible efflorescence is prevented when formed into a cement masonry concrete unit. Efflorescence is controlled by incorporation of a polymer comprising a polyacrylic acid or salt or derivative thereof having an average molecular weight in the range of 5004-9,000, and more preferably in the average molecular weight range of 1,000 to 10,000.

Abstract: A method is described for making concrete mixture by blending new batch cement and fly ash with recycled concrete material (curb & gutter, sidewalk, brick, block, asphalt & various other concrete items). This new process will enable discarded concrete materials to be reused as a valuable product.

Abstract: Improved methods of cementing in a subterranean zone penetrated by a well bore are provided. The methods are basically comprised of the steps of preparing a foamed cement composition comprised of hydraulic cement, a non-dispersing set retarder, sufficient water to form a slurry, sufficient gas to foam the slurry and a foaming and foam stabilizing surfactant mixture present in an amount sufficient to facilitate the formation of the foam and stabilize the foamed cement composition.

Abstract: To provide a Thiobacillus thiooxidans growth inhibitor, a cement composition, and a cement structure which are capable of inhibiting effectively growth of Thiobacillus thiooxidans not only in the neutral pH range but also in the acidic pH range of 4 or below, of which active component metal ions are sufficiently prevented from being dissolved and released when contained in a cement structure, and of which effect can be maintained for a prolonged period of time. The inhibitor contains a first component selected from the group consisting of nickel phthalocyanine powders, powders of a nickel phthalocyanine derivative, and mixtures thereof, and a second component selected from the group consisting of tungsten powders, powders of a substantially water-insoluble tungsten compound, a water-soluble salt of tungstic acid turning to substantially water-insoluble when reacted with cement, and mixtures thereof.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a stable hydrocolloid welan gum in which a hydrocolloid, preferably welan gum, is uniformly dispersed in a superplasticizer such as sulfonated naphthalene, sulfonated melamine, modified lignosulfate, their derivatives and mixtures thereof. This is then dispersed in a rheological control agent which is a microbially-produced cellulose fiber composition. The composition is rapidly hydratable and useful as a stabilizing additive in many cement and drilling fluid applications, insulation fluids and de-icer compositions.

Abstract: High strength foamed well cement compositions and methods of cementing subterranean zones penetrated by well bores are provided. The foamed well cement compositions are basically comprised of a hydraulic cement, hydrophilic fibers, water sufficient to form a pumpable slurry, a mixture of foaming and foam stabilizing surfactants and sufficient gas to foam the slurry.

Abstract: Substantially cylindrical unexpanded polystyrene beads with a diameter on the order of 1 mm and a length on the order of 3 mm are expanded into substantially cylindrical expanded polystyrene beads with a diameter between about 2 and 5 mm, and a length between about 4 and 10 mm. These expanded beads are well suited for use as a substitute for concrete aggregate to make lightweight concrete and concrete construction boards.

Abstract: The present invention provides improved foamed well cement compositions and methods. The foamed cement compositions have improved properties and are basically comprised of hydraulic cement, amorphous silica surface treated with a mixture of organosilane coupling agents, sufficient water to form a slurry, sufficient gas to foam the slurry and a mixture of foaming and foam stabilizing surfactants present in an amount sufficient to facilitate the formation of the foam and stabilize the foamed composition.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for forming permeable cement sand screens in well bores are provided. The compositions are basically comprised of a hydraulic cement, an acid soluble particulate solid, a liquid hydrocarbon solvent soluble particulate solid, a particulate cross-linked gel containing an internal breaker which after time causes the gel to break into a liquid, water present in an amount sufficient to form a slurry, a gas present in an amount sufficient to form a foam and a mixture of foaming and foamed stabilizing surfactants.

Abstract: A viscous breakable gel additive carrier for mixing with ion containing materials, including dry powder based and calciferous materials, which in its uniform homogeneous gel form, prevents separation and settling of the additives prior to mixing and is easily measurable, and upon mixing with the ion containing materials liquefies and becomes totally and evenly miscible to allow easy and precise mixing to produce uniform homogeneous mortars, grouts, stuccos and other compositions. The gel includes a predetermined amount of selected additives thoroughly mixed with a cross-linked polyacrylic acid gelling agent, an organic chelating agent, and an alkaline electrolyte, and prior to mixing with ion containing materials, has a consistency of a custard or jelly.

Abstract: An additive for an admixture of a cement composition, especially, a retarder of a cement composition, capable of exhibiting excellent retardation effect with a smaller addition amount and easily controlling the retardation time by adjusting the addition amount. An admixture of a cement composition, comprising a cement and at least one iminodiacetic acid or salt thereof represented by formula (I): wherein the M groups each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an ammonium group or a substituted ammonium group; Y represents a divalent alkyl group having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms and the divalent alkyl group may be substituted by a hydroxyl group or a COOM group wherein M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an ammonium group or a substituted ammonium group; and W represents a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl group or a COOM group wherein M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom, an ammonium group or a substituted ammonium group.

Abstract: Biodegradable dispersing and fluid loss control additives for well cements, well cement compositions including the additives and methods of using the well cement compositions are provided. The well cement compositions are basically comprised of a hydraulic cement, water in an amount sufficient to form a slurry and a dispersing and fluid loss control additive comprised of casein. A second agent which also provides fluid loss control can optionally be included in the additive.

Abstract: A cement dispersant composed of water-soluble vinyl copolymers which include specified kinds of constituent units at specified ratios and of which the weight average molecular weight pullulan converted by GPC method is 15000-150000 and the ratio of weight average molecular weight to number average molecular weight is 2-7 is used together with cement, aggregates and water to produce concrete with the water-to-cement ratio of 20-45%.

Abstract: A process for solidifying and stabilizing waste, the process comprising (a) combining bagasse and a liquid medium having a pH below about 4 or above about 10 to form a mixture, (b) heating the mixture, (c) separating the mixture into solid matter and filtrate and washing the solid matter with a liquid in which sugar is soluble, (d) substituting the solid matter for the bagasse in (a) and repeating steps (a) through (c) until the filtrate is substantially colorless under ambient light conditions, thereby producing washed solid matter, (e) combining at least a portion of the washed solid matter with at least (1) the waste, (2) water, and (3) a cement, so as to form a cement slurry, and (f) curing the cement slurry. Cementitious products formed by processes of this invention.

Abstract: A cement composition includes cement, water in an amount from about 30% to 200% by weight of cement, and an interpolymer latex in an amount from about 10% to 50% by weight of cement. The interpolymer latex includes at least one conjugated diene monomer having 4 to 8 carbon atoms in an amount from about 5% to 95% by weight of the interpolymer latex, at least one vinyl aromatic monomer having 8 to 12 carbon atoms in an amount from about 5% to 95% by weight of the interpolymer latex, and a copolymerizable functional monomer in an amount from about 0.5% to 50% by weight of the interpolymer latex. A method of making a cement composition involves placing the above ingredients in a suitable mixer well known to those of ordinary skill in the art and mixing the ingredients until they form the cement composition.