Abstract: The present invention provides improved cementitious compositions which can include drilling fluid as a component thereof and methods of cementing wells utilizing such compositions. The compositions are basically comprised of a cementitious material, water, a hardenable resinous material and optionally, drilling fluid in an amount up to about 70% by volume of the cementitious material in the composition.

Abstract: Composition adapted to improve the rheological properties of cement-based products and more especially to increase the duration of the workability of concrete ready to use, characterized in that it comprises, in the form of a ternary mixturea superplasticizing or water-reducing agent having a dispersing effect,a stabilizing agent capable of forming a chelate with the calcium ions of the cement-based product, anda polycarboxylic polymer dispersing agent.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cement composition containing a water reducing amount of the product formed by reaction of polyvinyl alcohol and an hydroxyaldehyde such as 4-hydroxybutanal.

Abstract: Novel compositions and methods are provided for forming masks used in air brush painting. The masking compositions used in this invention are liquids as applied and are hardenable into a friable paint masking layer. The preferred compositions of this invention are comprised of a hydratable binder, such as plaster of Paris, an inert filler, such as calcium carbonate, and water. The amount of the filler is selected relative to the amount of the binder to substantially weaken and make friable the resulting hardened layer. In the method of this invention the composition is applied to the area of a substrate to be masked. The applied layer if desired is shaped with a tool to provide details in the resulting mask. The layer is then hardened to form a brittle friable masking layer directly adhered to surface of the substrate. The substrate is then airbrush painted. The mask is removed by fracturing the mask and removing the resulting particles.

Abstract: A system and method for dispersing pigment in cement based compositions comprising a predetermined and prepackaged amount of a cement based component and a predetermined and prepackaged amount of an aqueous dispersion of a pigment containing component.

Abstract: Disclosed is a flow improving agent for binder suspensions containing cement which is composed of a) amino-s-triazine-formaldehyde-sulfite condensation products having a molar ratio of amino-s-triazine:formaldehyde:sulfite of 1:1.3 to 6.0: 0.3 to 1.5 and a low content of free formaldehye as well as b) casein. The flow improving agents have the advantage that the flowability is considerably improved compared to casein (alone) for example and the increased flowability remains constant even over a longer time period.

Abstract: A cementitious composition comprising(a) a cementitious material;(b) a fly ash which has a calcium oxide content of from 15-45% by weight;(c) a hydroxycarboxylic acid; and(d) a water-soluble source of alkali metal ions.The compositions are useful as concretes, grouts and mortars.

Abstract: A cement admixture composed of a low molecular weight oxyalkylene compound and a comb polymer having carboxylic acid groups and oxyalkylene units therein.

Abstract: A solidified waste is formed from a difficult-to-compact hydraulic cement slurry for use in the disposal of hazardous waste. The slurry contains inorganic non-compactible hydraulic cement particles, a concrete superplasticizer compound, water, and filler particles containing radionuclide and/or toxic contaminants. The slurry is then transferred to a storage vessel, such as a subterranean formation, to cast a stronger, denser solidified waste than a comparable solidified waste containing no superplasticizer.

Abstract: A cementitious composition comprising(A) 10-30 parts cementitious material;(B) 50-80 parts fly ash weight; and(C) 1.5-8 parts hydroxycarboxylic acid and/or salt thereof.

Abstract: The present invention provides set retarding additives, set retarded hydraulic cement compositions including such additives and methods of using the cement compositions for cementing zones in wells. The set retarding additives are copolymers or terpolymers containing monomer units formed from one of maleic acid, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, citraconic acid and mesaconic acid along with other monomer units.

Abstract: A structural product fabricated from waste materials and a method for making the product. The product includes fly ash, cellulose-based material and an adhesive binder. The product advantageously has good strength with light weight, can be sawed or hammered like wood and is substantially resistant to fire. The composition is particularly useful for forming structural products such as bricks, panels, roof shingles, studs and the like.

Abstract: Hydraulic cement set-accelerating admixture compositions; cement compositions containing such admixtures; and methods for preparing said cement compositions. The admixture compositions comprise one or more nitroalcohols present in an amount effective to increase the set acceleration of a hydraulic cement composition. The invention further relates to a method of making a hydraulic cement composition comprising adding to a cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement binder, a nitroalcohol component in an amount effective to increase the set-acceleration of the binder, and to a cement composition comprising a hydraulic cement binder and a nitroalcohol set-accelerating agent.

Abstract: A concrete pipe liner is formed from a difficult-to-compact hydraulic cement slurry applied to a pipe interior. The slurry contains inorganic non-compactible hydraulic cement particles, a concrete superplasticizer component, water, and optionally and preferably filler particles. The pipe is then spun to centrifugally cast a stronger, denser pipe liner than a comparable liner containing no superplasticizer.

Abstract: Compositions and methods relating to cementitious compositions are provided. The use of a blend of a rosin and a tannin to entrain air into cementitious compositions is provided. A blend of a rosin and a tannin in a weight ratio of about 1:1.22 to about 1:1.86 are added to a wet cementitious composition at levels of less than 1% by weight based on the weight of the cement and air is mixed into the cement. The resulting cement will contain, e.g. 5% to 10% by volume air which improves the resistance of the set cement to freeze damage. Also provided is a method of entraining air into a cementitious composition which employs such a blend.

Abstract: Phosphomagnesia compositions settable into improvedly water-insensitive cements that retain their mechanical properties comprise an intimate admixture of (i) a binder phase including (a) at least one phosphorous compound (P.sub.2 O.sub.5 or derivative/precursor thereof) and (b) at least one magnesium compound reactive therewith in the presence of water, (ii) an effective amount of cementitious aggregate, and (iii) a water sensitivity-reducing amount of at least one silicone homogeneously distributed therethrough.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a concrete-forming composition comprising:(a) a base component consisting of a combination of cement and silica,(b) water, as a carrier, and(c) from about 0.01% to about 25% by weight based on the weight of the composition of a wetting agent selected from the group consisting of piperazine-substituted organosulfonates, piperazinone-substituted organosulfonates, and combinations thereof, and optionally(d) a polycarboxylated alcohol alkoxylate.

Abstract: The invention relates to the cementing of high temperature wells. A cement retarder comprises a phosphonic acid derivative combined with borax in a weight ratio of phosphonic acid derivative to borax of about 0.025 to about 0.2. A long pumping time is realized with rapid compressive strength development following placement.

Abstract: The invention relates to the cementing of high temperature wells. The retarder consists of a methylene phosphonic acid derivative and of a boric acid or a borate at least as acid as borax in an aqueous solution, in particular, Na pentaborate, in a preferred ratio of 0.08 to 0.92 parts by weight. A long setting time and a very swift compressive strength development are obtained at the same time.

Abstract: A process for modifying the slump of a concrete or mortar by the addition at different times of a water-soluble poly(alkylene oxide) and a .beta.-naphthalene sulphonate-formaldehyde condensate, a plasticizer or superplasticizer which is selected from lignosulphonates, melamine sulphonate formaldehyde condensates, carboxylates and selected styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers. The poly(alkylene oxide) is preferably partially replaced by a (hydroxy)alkyl cellulose. The process is advantageously used in shotcreting.

Abstract: A blended hydraulic cement binder, is disclosed, consisting of water, fly ash, Type III portland cement, Type I portland cement, slag cement, ground silica, boric acid, borax, citric acid and an alkali metal activator. The cement binder and sequences for mixing the composition, is particularly useful because it provides: time to mix all components adequately, unrestricted transporting time that can be terminated, at will, followed by alterable placement and finishing times. The cement binder can be used as a neat cement or it can be extended with fillers, such as sand and gravel, to make mortar or concrete, that rapidly gains very high structural strengths.

Abstract: A high alumina wellbore cementing composition is provided, the composition comprising:a) high alumina cement; andb) a polyacrylic acid phosphinate having a molecular weight of about 3800 in an amount effective to prevent gelation of the cementing composition for a time period of at least three hours.This composition can remain pumpable for a time period sufficiently long to place the cement in a wellbore using conventional wellbore cementing procedures, and, after the composition is cured, is capable of withstanding elevated wellbore temperatures.

Abstract: A process is disclosed for producing a hydraulic cement binder for both general and special applications, consisting of water, cementitious materials, boric acid, borax, citric acid, an alkali metal activator, and with or without ground silica. This cement making process with sequences for mixing the composition, is particularly useful because it provides: time to mix all components adequately, unrestricted transporting time that can be terminated, at will, followed by alterable placement and finishing times. The process provides the means for creating a hydraulic cement binder that can be used as a neat cement or it can be extended with fillers, such as sand and gravel, to make mortar or concrete, that rapidly gains very high structural strengths.

Abstract: A cementitious mixture includes hydraulic cement, fly ash, and an effective amount of unfired nature finely divided material, such as a clay, containing at least about 35% alumina, to accelerate the early strength of a mix. A method of accelerating early strength in a cementitious mix comprises the adding of alumina in the form of an unfired raw material, such as clay, in an effective amount in such mix.

Abstract: Set retarded cement compositions and methods of using the compositions for cementing zones in wells at temperatures in the range of from about 200.degree. F. to about 450.degree. F. are provided.

Abstract: The present application is directed to a structural building unit formed from a set solid mixture consisting essentially of about 30% to about 75% by weight portland cement, about 1% to about 25% by weight percent ground expanded cellular polystyrene, about 1% to about 35% by weight ground cellulosic fiber, about 2% to about 15% by weight fly ash, about 1% to about 10% by weight silica fume, about 1% to about 15% by weight bentonite, about 25% to about 50% by weight water, about 0% to about 3% by weight air entrainer, about 0% to about 10% by weight paraffin wax emulsion and about 0% to about 15% by weight rubber emulsion.

Abstract: A method for making, clean, bughole-free hardened cement structural units, including the steps of a) applying a release agent to the surface of a form; b) preparing a cement composition; c) adding to the cement composition a water-soluble polymer dispersant and a solution viscosity-reducing agent; d) placing the cement composition of step c) into the form, e) curing the cement composition of step c) to form a hardened structural unit, and f) removing the structural unit from the form.

Abstract: The cementitious material comprises an initial mixture of portland cement clinker and a modifier ranging in weight from approximately 0.5% to 5%, preferably 1%, of the weight of the clinker. The modifier is selected from a group comprising (a) a melamine formaldehyde-sodium bisulfite copolymer, and (b) sodium naphthalene sulfonate. The portland cement clinker and the modifier are intimately mixed and caused to react together in a solid state reaction by energetically grinding them together in a highly energetic ball-and-tube grinding mill to a high degree of fineness of at least approximately 5000 Blaine. Modified cementitious materials are produced by providing an additional constituent in the initial mixture comprising a hard, dense, substantially inert mineral material ranging up to 70% of the mixture by weight. The percentages of the portland cement clinker and the modifier are correspondingly reduced. The modified initial mixture is ground as before.

Abstract: A multicomponent aqueous flowable admixture is formed with silica fume and stabilized with one or more high-range concrete water-reducing agents or one or more ordinary concrete water-reducing agents alone or in combination. The admixture is of particular advantage when added to fresh concrete or mortar to enhance plasticity and workability as compared to conventional concrete or mortar.

Abstract: Ultra high-strength hydraulic cement compositions with extremely low water-to-cement ratio of 10-30% and having high fluidity and improved capability of preventing slump loss, from which high-quality ultra high-strength hardened concrete and mortar can be obtained with superior workability, contain a binder composed of cement or a mixture of cement and a microscopic powder admixture, aggregates, water and a cement dispersion agent composed of water-soluble vinyl copolymers obtained by aqueous solution radical polymerization of five specified kinds of monomers at a ratio within a specified range The unit content of the binder is 400-1300kg/m.sup.3, the water-to-binder ratio is 10-30% and the content of cement dispersion agent is 0.1-2.0 weight parts for 100 weight parts of the binder.

Abstract: An additive is provided that comprises a single blend of an acid component and calcium stearate for simultaneously controlling both primary and secondary efflorescence in concrete, and particularly in concrete masonry units such as pavers. A preferred method comprises the steps of partially saponifying tall oil fatty acid with calcium hydroxide, and thereafter adding calcium stearate dispersion to form a stable emulsion blend. In another embodiment, potassium hydroxide is mixed with calcium stearate dispersion, then subsequently introduced into tall oil fatty acid to provide a non-emulsion TOFA/CSD blend.

Abstract: There is described a thixotroping and set accelerating additive for mixtures which contain as component a hydraulic binder and/or a latent-hydraulic binder and furthermore water and optionally also an aggregate and/or other additives. The inventive thixotroping and set accelerating additive consists of one or more esters of the carbonic acid or said additive is a mixture which has a pH-value of not more than 8.0, preferably not more than 7.5 and contains as component at least one of said carbonic acid esters.Optionally the inventive additives can comprise further components which frequently are added to materials containing a hydraulic binder in order to improve the workability and/or the properties of the final building material, like concrete plasticizers, concrete super-plasticizers, set retarding agents, set accelerating agents, air entraining agents and optionally further thixotroping agents and mixtures of two or more such additives.

Abstract: In the method of the invention, a storable hydraulically-active cementitious slurry is made and used to cement within subterranean foundations for oil and gas wells. The slurry is made from hydraulically-active, cementitious material suitable for oil field purposes and can be stored until needed. During storage, the slurry remains liquid. The slurry is activated when needed for cementing. After pumping the activated slurry into the wellbore, the set cement has properties acceptable for well cementing.

Abstract: Improved hydraulic cement compositions and methods for cementing wells drilled through low temperature earth formations wherein the cement is subjected to freeze-thaw cycling are provided. The compositions are comprised of a hydraulic cement, gypsum cement, fly ash, an alkali metal halide, water, and an alcohol freezing point depressant.

Abstract: Compositions and methods relating to cementitious compositions are provided. The use of a glucoheptonate in the alpha form to prolong the workability of cementitious compositions is provided. The alpha form of glucoheptonate (found to have properties superior to the beta form when used to retard the hydration of cementitious compositions) can be used in combination with a plasticizing resin, e.g. a naphthalenesulfonate/formaldehyde condensate resin, to prolong the workability of a cementitious composition, without unacceptably delaying green strength development. Also provided are mixtures of a glucoheptonate in the alpha form and a naphthalenesulfonate/formaldehyde condensate resin plasticizer.

Abstract: A cement admixture which when added to a cement composition, such as cement mortar or concrete inhibits slump-loss of the cement composition and improve its workability and applicability. The admixture is composed of copolymers from an alkenyl ether, a polyalkenyl ether and maleic anhydride.

Abstract: Compositions and methods relating to cementitious compositions are provided. The use of a blend of a rosin and a tannin to entrain air into cementitious compositions is provided. A blend of a rosin and a tannin in a weight ratio of 10:1 to 1:10 are added to a wet cementitious composition at levels of less than 1% by weight based on the weight of the cement and air is mixed into the cement. The resulting cement will contain, e.g. 5% to 10% by volume air which improves the resistance of the set cement to freeze damage. Also provided is a method of entraining air into a cementitious composition which employs such a blend.

Abstract: A grinding aid composition suitable for grinding clinker into hydraulic cement powder, an improved grinding process and an improved cement product are disclosed. The grinding aid composition is composed of a mixture of at least one alkylene ether glycol and particulate carbon.

Abstract: A method of reclaiming leftover ready-mix concrete comprising the steps of:(1) retarding the hydration of the unused portion of concrete returned from a job site; and(2) after the desired retarded period adding a hydration acceleration agent to restore the concrete to a settable state.

Abstract: The present invention provides set retarding additives, set retarded hydraulic cement compositions including such additives and methods of using the cement compositions for cementing zones in wells. The set retarding additives are graft copolymers or terpolymers comprised of the condensation polymer product of a ketone, aldehyde and a compound which introduces acid groups into the polymer having grafted thereto a monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, vinyl phosphonic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid and itaconic acid or one of the foregoing monomers and a second monomer of 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid.

Abstract: Cement set retarding additives, set retarded hydraulic cement compositions and methods of using the cement compositions for cementing zones in wells are provided. The set retarding additives are copolymers containing monomer units formed from a first monomer of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid and a second monomer of acrylamide or a derivative of acrylamide.

Abstract: New and useful cementitious-based products, such as mortar, grout, backerboard and stucco, are all comprised of Portland cement as a common ingredient combined with optional fillers and additives with the addition of an effective antimicrobial agent. In a humid, warm and a poorly circulating air environment, mildew from a fungus, as well as the growth of other microbes will flourish. With the addition of Copper-8-quinolinolate as a fungicide to the cementitious-based mix, a zone of antibiosis is created to inhibit the growth of these organisms for the duration of the products use.

Abstract: N-phosphonomethyl iminodiacetic acid may be used as an additive to retard the setting time of Portland cement.

Abstract: The storage and processing times of sprayed concrete can be significantly extended by the addition of a retarder, a chemical compound which is capable of chelating with calcium ions. Preferred retarders are phosphonic acid derivatives which have at least one amino and/or hydroxyl group. The retarder can be used for both wet- and dry-sprayed concrete, the usual accelerators can be used for activation, and the strength is not adversely affected.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cement composition containing a shrinkage reducing amount of an alkyl ether derivative of an aliphatic polyhydroxy compound of the formula:Q--[(A).sub.n --OR].sub.xwherein Q is a C.sub.3 -C.sub.12 aliphatic hydrocarbon group, R is hydrogen or C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl, at least one R being the C.sub.1 -C.sub.10 alkyl group, A is C.sub.2 -C.sub.4 oxyalkylene, n is 0-10, and x is 3-5.

Abstract: An additive to cement based materials to render the materials self-leveling upon being mixed with water and applied as a coating upon a floor substrate. The additive comprises a formaldehyde based resin, preferably melamine formaldehyde, and a water retention agent, preferably xanthan gum alone, hydroxyethyl cellulose alone, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: New additive composition, in liquid or powder form, for thin slabs, plasters, concretes, prefabricated elements and refrectory elements, with insulating and impermeabilizing properties and with antishrink characteristics, comprising a bonding agent and an additive comprising a mixture of carbonates containing 59-75% CaCO.sub.3, 25-37% Si(CO.sub.3).sub.2, 0-2% Al.sub.2 (CO.sub.3).sub.3, 0-1% MgCO.sub.3 and 0-1% Fe.sub.2 (CO.sub.3).sub.3.

Abstract: A method for producing a cement material with reduced development of self-induced cracking, the method comprising:adding to a concrete, mortar or cement mix to which water has been added, an amount of 0.

Abstract: Lightweight concrete roof tiles are produced by extruding a latex/cement/lightweight aggregates/water mix in a prescribed sequence. The composition comprises:(a) 45-65 parts by weight of an acrylic latex emulsion;(b) 130-180 parts by weight of a cement;(c) 360-400 parts by weight of expanded shale lightweight aggregates; and(d) 50-75 parts by weight of additional water.This lightweight concrete roof tile of the present invention is about half the weight and about the same strength, and absorbs the same amount of water of conventional roof tiles.

Abstract: The present invention is a specific combination of components having unique properties both in composition and benefits. Such a combination has been found in alkali or alkaline earth metal nitrates, alkanolamines and alkali or alkaline earth metal thiocyanates. In such combinations it has also been found that alkaline and alkali earth thiosulfates and chlorides below the concentration level where corrosion is promoted may advantageously be substituted for all or part of the thiocyanates and that diethanolamine, N,N-di(hydroxyethyl)glycine (bicine) and N,N-di(hydroxyethyl)-.beta.-aminopropionic acid (DAPA) and certain alkanolamines and alkanolamino acids and derivatives may advantageously be substituted for all or part of the triethanolamine.